The transcript from the YouTube channel “” provides a critical review of Indian foreign policy, particularly under the Modi government, arguing that recent decisions and perceived arrogance have led to international embarrassment and a weakening of India’s position. The speaker critiques India’s handling of the Kashmir issue, citing historical errors like not securing the entire territory after the 1947 conflict and taking the dispute to the United Nations, contrasting these actions with later agreements that designated Kashmir as a bilateral issue with Pakistan. Furthermore, the analysis sharply criticizes the Modi government for failing to secure sufficient international support from allies like Russia and the United States during a recent conflict with Pakistan, leading to a situation where Pakistan appears to have gained a diplomatic advantage through its own successful foreign policy efforts. The speaker concludes by calling the recent foreign policy a major blunder that has damaged India’s reputation and potentially hurt its economic prospects.
Indian Foreign Policy: Principles and Diplomatic Critiques
Indian foreign policy, as discussed in the sources, is characterized by certain core principles, a history of establishing bilateral conflict resolution mechanisms, and recent intense criticism concerning its handling of diplomatic crises and international relations.
Foundational Principles and Historical Stance
Historically, India has pursued foreign policy rooted in the assertion of its status as a significant global power.
Non-Interference and Sovereignty: A fundamental principle established in India’s foreign policy is the refusal to grant any other power the right to interfere in its internal affairs. India views itself as a world power.
Bilateralism vs. Internationalization (Kashmir): A crucial focus of Indian foreign policy has been to manage regional disputes, particularly the conflict over Jammu and Kashmir, as strictly bilateral issues, preventing them from becoming international disputes.
Historical Blunders: Early in the conflict, the Indian government made a critical error by taking the national issue to the UN Security Council. This occurred despite Maharaja Hari Singh having officially signed the Instrument of Accession, which should have allowed India to fully assert its legal and constitutional claim.
Post-Conflict Strategy: Following the 1965 war, the Tashkent Declaration (January 1966) confirmed Kashmir as a mutual, bilateral issue between India and Pakistan, a concession even a “weak” Prime Minister (Shastri) managed to extract from a “powerful wrestler” (Field Marshal Ayub Khan).
Simla Agreement (1972): After the 1971 war victory, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi released 93,000 prisoners and returned captured territory on the condition that Pakistan would never again internationalize the Kashmir issue, agreeing that it would remain a bilateral matter.
Flexibility in Policy: The sources suggest that while national positions should be respected, the foreign policies of “living nations” should not be rigid or “stone-hard” but should maintain flexibility to adapt to changing circumstances. Generally, when two parties are in conflict, it is natural for friends and sympathizers to step forward to mediate or encourage peace.
Critique of Recent Foreign Policy (Modi Government)
The source heavily criticizes the recent conduct of Indian foreign policy, arguing that it has resulted in global humiliation for the nation.
Rigidity and Ego: Despite facing international difficulties, the government remained rigid in its stated policy that it would not accept third-party intervention in its bilateral issues. This “ego” and “stubbornness” resulted in diplomatic failures.
Inconsistent Dialogue and Ceasefire: The government is criticized for its contradictory approach: engaging in hostile rhetoric and fighting, yet accepting a ceasefire request immediately when approached by an employee or officer of the opponent. This readiness to accept a ceasefire after claiming victory and “breaking the teeth” of the enemy was described as an “idiotic argument”.
Failure to Garner Support from Allies: When put to the test, India found that its allies became completely non-aligned.
Friends Abandoned India: The long-time “tested ancient friend” Russia was among the non-aligned. Close powerful friends like the UAE and Saudi Arabia were ignored. Only Israel provided open support during the conflict.
Rivals Gained Support: Conversely, China, Turkey, and Azerbaijan provided full political, diplomatic, and material support to Pakistan.
Mismanagement of US Relations (Trump Era): The Indian government is accused of mismanaging relations with the then-US President Donald Trump.
Humiliation by the US: Trump allegedly “broke all previous records” in humiliating India and favoring its rival, Pakistan. Trump attempted to leverage the conflict to burnish his own global image by inviting the Indian leadership to the White House alongside a Pakistani Army Chief, aiming to show he had brokered a ceasefire and dialogue. Modi was able to save face only by declining the invitation while attending the G7 conference in Canada.
Psychological Misstep: Indian policymakers failed to understand or deal appropriately with the “unconventional” and ego-driven Trump administration. The source suggests that India should have proactively managed Trump’s desire for personal glory (perhaps a Nobel Prize) by crediting him publicly for the ceasefire.
Failure to Use Shared Interests: India failed to capitalize on shared strategic interests against China (referred to as the primary shared enemy) and shared positions regarding Israel and Iran. India is positioned as a democratic partner to the US, essential for addressing challenges related to Taiwan and the Asia-Pacific.
Consequences of Policy Failures: The ultimate consequence of these diplomatic blunders is the belief that India has lost the current “game” and has allowed Pakistan to reach a position where it can challenge India and potentially fuel new tensions in Kashmir. Furthermore, Pakistan’s successful diplomacy resulted in the US formally declaring groups like the Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA) and Majeed Brigade as terrorist organizations, attributed directly to India’s blunders.
The foreign policy establishment, particularly the Foreign Minister, is severely criticized for its “superficiality and hollow rhetoric,” which allegedly ruined the successful Indian foreign policy and now threatens the country’s emerging economy, potentially leading to increased economic hardship for the Indian public.
Kashmir: Bilateralism and Diplomatic Blunders
The history of the Kashmir dispute, as detailed in the sources, is intrinsically linked to early diplomatic decisions and India’s subsequent efforts to enforce its status as a purely bilateral matter, avoiding international intervention.
Initial Accession and Early Blunders
The dispute over Jammu and Kashmir has persisted since the beginning (“रोजे अव्वल से”). According to the sources, the conflict started even after Maharaja Hari Singh formally signed the Instrument of Accession (इलाहा की दस्तावेज) to India.
The Indian government is criticized for committing two major historical blunders in the early stages of the conflict:
Failure to Complete Military Action: Despite Indian forces having successfully repelled “infiltrators” (घुस बैठियों) following the accession, the legal and constitutional security action was left incomplete. This resulted in one-third of the territory remaining under the control of the “infiltrators”.
Internationalization via the UN: The second, more severe blunder was taking this national issue to the UN Security Council (यूएन की सलामती काउंसिल) without justification. The source argues that India should instead have used the signed Instrument of Accession and the support of its allies to veto any attempt by the opposing party to internationalize the matter.
Shift to Bilateralism
Following these initial setbacks, the government recognized the critical need to prevent the dispute from becoming an international issue (आलमी इशू). The core strategy adopted was to ensure that, whether during peace or war, this regional conflict remained a two-sided, bilateral issue with Pakistan.
The Tashkent Declaration (1966): After the 1965 India-Pakistan war, the Tashkent Declaration was signed in January 1966. Despite Prime Minister Shastri being characterized as a “weak prime minister” (कमजोर प्रधानमंत्री), he successfully compelled the “powerful wrestler” (ताकतवर पहलवान), Pakistani Field Marshal Ayub Khan, to agree that Kashmir was a mutual, bilateral issue between India and Pakistan. This agreement stipulated that the dispute would not, under any circumstances, be allowed to become an international conflict (आदमी तनाजा नहीं बनने दिया जाएगा). India made this demand while returning large territories seized from Pakistan.
The Simla Agreement (1972): After the decisive victory in the 1971 war, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi displayed “generosity” (दरियादिली का मुजाहरा) by concluding the Simla Agreement in 1972. Under this agreement:
93,000 Pakistani military and civilian prisoners were released.
All seized territories were returned to Pakistan.
This clemency was granted on the sole condition that Pakistan would never again internationalize the Kashmir issue, accepting it permanently as a two-sided, mutual bilateral issue.
Contemporary Policy Stance
In modern foreign policy, India maintains a rigid position based on this historical principle, insisting that it will not accept the intervention of a third party in its existing bilateral issue.
The conflict remains a focus of international attention; for instance, US President Donald Trump attempted to leverage his position to broker dialogue and a ceasefire between the two atomic powers to resolve the “ancient Kashmir Dispute”. However, recent diplomatic failures are criticized for allowing Pakistan to gain a position from which it can “fuel new tensions” (नए ईंधन का एतमाम कर सके) in Kashmir.
Critique of Modi Foreign Policy Failures
The review of the Modi government’s foreign policy presented in the sources is intensely critical, alleging that recent diplomatic failures have led to significant international humiliation for India, damaged its reputation, and enabled its rival, Pakistan, to achieve strategic gains.
Overall Assessment and Initial Critique
The sources suggest that prior to the current difficulties, the Modi government had achieved certain national and international successes (कामयाबियां). However, these successes reportedly led to arrogance (गुरूर का शिकार हो गए). Policymakers allegedly made boastful statements, such as claiming that they had handed Pakistan a “begging bowl” (भीख मांगी का कटोरा थमा दिया है) before the world community, and are criticized for making “hasty decisions” (जुनूनी फैसलों).
The current geopolitical result is described as disastrous: Pakistan, despite being economically weak with a tanking currency, managed to isolate India politically (एक नौ की सियासी तन्हाई में धकेल देगा) on the global stage.
Policy Rigidity and Contradictory Actions
A major point of criticism centers on the rigidity of India’s foreign policy principles, specifically the insistence that it will not accept third-party intervention in its bilateral issues.
Rigid Stance vs. Flexibility: While established principles are important, the sources argue that the foreign policies of “living nations” (जिंदा कवाम) should not be as “stone-hard” (पत्थर पर लकीर की तरह इतनी सख्त या जामद) as they have been. They should maintain flexibility to adapt to changing circumstances.
Contradictory Behavior: The government is accused of engaging in contradictory behavior: on one hand, leaders were issuing hostile and “poisonous statements” (मुनाफत भरे जहरीले बयानात) and fighting, but on the other hand, they immediately agreed to a ceasefire (फायरबंदी कबूल कर ली) when approached by an officer or employee of the opponent.
“Idiotic Argument”: The readiness to accept a ceasefire immediately after claiming victory and suggesting they had “broken the teeth” (दांत तोड़ डाले थे) of the enemy is labeled an “idiotic argument” (अहमकाना दलील). This behavior is seen as having made the entire nation look “foolish” (आमक) and resulted in the humiliation of the country before the world community.
Diplomatic Failures and Loss of Allies
The government is heavily criticized for failing to garner essential international support during a crisis, despite its claims of global success.
Friends Became Non-Aligned: When tested, India’s allies became completely non-aligned (कतई गैर जानबदार हो गए). Even “tested ancient friend” Russia (रशिया जैसा अजमूदा कदीमी मित्र) was found in the ranks of the non-aligned. Close, powerful friends like the UAE and Saudi Arabia were reportedly ignored. Only Israel provided open support.
Rivals Gained Support: In contrast, Pakistan received full political, diplomatic, and material support (मादी लिहाज़ से भी) from China, Turkey, and AzerbaijanMismanagement of US Relations (Trump Era): The government is accused of mismanaging relations with the US, particularly under President Trump, who allegedly “broke all previous records” (तमाम साबका रिकॉर्ड्स ही तोड़ डाले) in humiliating India and favoring Pakistan. Trump attempted to broker peace by inviting Indian leadership to the White House alongside a Pakistani Army Chief. The intention was clear: Trump, seeking global prestige and personal glory (perhaps a Nobel Prize), wanted to demonstrate he had forced a dialogue and ceasefire between the two atomic powers, thereby leveraging India’s predicament.
Failure to Use Shared Interests: Indian policymakers failed to understand Trump’s “unconventional” leadership and psychological need for personal validation. The source suggests that India should have proactively managed this situation by publicly crediting Trump for the ceasefire and promoting his candidacy for the Nobel Prize. Furthermore, India failed to strategically leverage shared common interests with the US, such as the position against the primary shared enemy, China, or shared perspectives on Israel and Iran.
Consequences and Strategic Blunders
The diplomatic failures attributed to the Modi government are seen as having immediate and lasting negative consequences:
Loss of the “Game”: The result of “ego, stubbornness, and arrogance” (ईगो हटदर्मी और अकड़) is that India has lost the current “game” (गेम आप लोगों के हाथों से ना सिर्फ निकल चुकी है).
Empowerment of Pakistan: India’s blunders enabled Pakistan to reach a position where it can challenge India (आंखें दिखा सके) and fuel new tensions (नए ईंधन का एतमाम कर सके) in Kashmir.
Terrorist Designation: The sources attribute Pakistan’s successful diplomatic campaign, which resulted in the US formally declaring groups like the Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA) and Majeed Brigade as terrorist organizations, directly to India’s blunders and Pakistan’s successful diplomacy (पाकिस्तान की कामयाब सिफारतकारी और आप लोगों के ब्लंडर्स का समर है).
Critique of Leadership
The sources conclude with a sharp critique of the leadership involved:
Foreign Minister: The Foreign Minister (Jayashankar) is specifically deemed utterly unfit (कती नाहल) for the responsibility.
Rhetoric and Economic Risk: Both the Prime Minister and the Foreign Minister are accused of having ruined successful Indian foreign policy through “superficiality and hollow rhetoric” (सतीपन और खोखली लफाजी). This is projected to threaten India’s emerging economy (उभरती इकॉनमी को डुबोने जा रहे हैं), potentially increasing economic hardship for the Indian public.
India’s International Relations Dynamics and Foreign Policy
International relations dynamics, as discussed in the sources, encompass India’s adherence to core principles, the complex maneuvering required to manage great power rivals and allies, and the specific dynamics of its long-standing conflict with Pakistan.
Core Principles and Bilateralism
A foundational dynamic of Indian foreign policy is its assertion of sovereignty and its status as a significant global power. India maintains the right to refuse any other power the right to interfere in its internal affairs.
A defining dynamic in South Asia has been India’s strategy to strictly manage the Jammu and Kashmir conflict as a mutual, bilateral issue with Pakistan, specifically to prevent its internationalization.
Historical Agreements: India historically succeeded in cementing this dynamic through agreements like the Tashkent Declaration (1966), where Prime Minister Shastri compelled Pakistani Field Marshal Ayub Khan to acknowledge Kashmir as a bilateral issue. This was reinforced by the Simla Agreement (1972) after the 1971 war, where India returned territories and prisoners only after securing the commitment that Pakistan would never again internationalize the dispute.
Rigidity vs. Flexibility: While India insists on this principle, the sources critique the current rigidity of this dynamic, arguing that the foreign policies of “living nations” (जिंदा कवाम) should not be as “stone-hard” but should maintain flexibility to adapt to changing circumstances.
Dynamics of Conflict and Third-Party Intervention
The sources address the general dynamics of international conflict resolution, contrasting them with India’s current rigid stance.
Natural Mediation: It is considered a “common accepted principle” (आम माना वसूल) that when two conflicting parties are struggling, it is natural and expected for friends or sympathizers to step forward to encourage peace, security, reconciliation, or a ceasefire.
The Danger of Stubbornness: A refusal to listen to a third party out of “ego, contempt, or pride” (हकारत गुरूर) risks being viewed internationally as “foolish or crazy” (बेवकूफ या सरफिरा).
Contradictory Behavior: The sources criticize the dynamic where India engaged in hostile rhetoric and fighting, yet immediately accepted a ceasefire (फायरबंदी) upon being approached by an employee or officer of the opponent. This readiness to accept a ceasefire after claiming victory was described as an “idiotic argument” (अहमकाना दलील) that resulted in the humiliation of the nation.
Alliance and Rival Dynamics
Recent crises have severely tested India’s international relationships, revealing shifting loyalties and strategic isolation.
Failure of Allies: When put to the test, India’s “friends became completely non-aligned” (कतई गैर जानबदार हो गए). This included the “tested ancient friend” Russia (रशिया जैसा अजमूदा कदीमी मित्र), along with powerful friends like the UAE and Saudi Arabia. Only Israel provided open support.
Rivals’ Success: Conversely, Pakistan successfully garnered full political, diplomatic, and material support (मादी लिहाज़ से भी) from China, Turkey, and AzerbaijanStrategic Consequences: The sources suggest India lost the current “game”, allowing Pakistan, despite its economic weakness, to isolate India politically and gain strategic ground, such as successfully lobbying the US to formally declare groups like the Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA) and Majeed Brigade as terrorist organizations.
Great Power Dynamics (US Relations)
The sources provide a highly critical review of the dynamic between India and the US under President Trump, marking it as a period of significant diplomatic mismanagement.
Personalized Diplomacy: The US President allegedly sought to leverage the India-Pakistan conflict to enhance his own “global prestige” and secure personal glory (potentially a Nobel Prize). Trump broke “all previous records” in humiliating India and favoring Pakistan. He attempted to force dialogue by inviting Indian leadership alongside a Pakistani Army Chief to the White House to showcase that he had forced a dialogue and ceasefire between the two atomic powers.
Psychological Misunderstanding: Indian policymakers failed to understand the “unconventional” and ego-driven psychological dynamic of the Trump administration. The sources suggest India should have managed this by publicly crediting Trump for the ceasefire and endorsing his candidacy for the Nobel Prize.
Missed Opportunities: India failed to capitalize on the dynamic of shared interests, particularly against the “primary shared enemy,” China. Furthermore, India is viewed as a democratic partner whose importance should have been leveraged regarding issues like the security of democratic Taiwan and other challenges in the Asia-Pacific region. India’s purchases of Russian oil were also an area requiring “better diplomacy” to satisfy the US. The presence of many Indian-origin individuals in responsible positions within the Trump administration represented a latent strength that could have been used through “wise and vibrant foreign policy”.
Kashmir Conflict: Historical Blunders and Bilateral Diplomacy
The conflict between India and Pakistan, primarily centered on the dispute over Jammu and Kashmir, has defined much of India’s foreign policy and is marked by historical missteps, a determined push for bilateral resolution, and recent diplomatic setbacks.
Historical Origins and Initial Blunders
The dispute over Jammu and Kashmir (जम्मू कश्मीर नाम का तनाजा) has persisted since the beginning (रोजे अव्वल से). The conflict continued even after Maharaja Hari Singh formally signed the Instrument of Accession (इलाहा की दस्तावेज) to India.
The Indian government is criticized for two major historical blunders in the initial stages of handling the conflict:
Incomplete Security Action: Following the accession, Indian forces repelled “infiltrators” (घुस बैठियों). However, the constitutional security action was left incomplete (अधूरा छोड़ते हुए). As a result, one-third (वन थर्ड) of the territory remained under the control of the “infiltrators”.
Internationalization of the Issue: The government made a severe blunder by taking the national and domestic dispute (कौमी और मुल्की तनाजे) to the UN Security Council (यूएन की सलामती काउंसिल) without justification (बिला जवाज़), attributing this error to “short-sightedness” (कुताहबीनी). The source argues that India should have used the signed Instrument of Accession and the support of its allies to veto any attempt by the opposing party to internationalize the matter.
Establishing Bilateral Conflict Management
Following these early setbacks, India’s foreign policy prioritized ensuring that this regional conflict remained strictly a mutual, bilateral issue (बामी दो तरफ़ा इशू) with Pakistan, preventing it from becoming an international dispute (आलमी इशू).
Tashkent Declaration (1966): After the 1965 war, Prime Minister Shastri successfully compelled Pakistani Field Marshal Ayub Khan to agree that Kashmir was a mutual, bilateral issue between India and Pakistan. This was a key demand made while India returned vast territories seized from Pakistan. The agreement stipulated that the issue would “never” (किसी भी सूरत) be allowed to become an international conflict (आदमी तनाजा नहीं बनने दिया जाएगा).
Simla Agreement (1972): After the victory in the 1971 war, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi displayed “generosity” (दरियादिली का मुजाहरा) by releasing 93,000 prisoners and returning all seized territories. This clemency was conditional on Pakistan agreeing never again to internationalize the Kashmir issue, accepting it permanently as a two-sided, mutual bilateral issue.
Recent Dynamics and Diplomatic Critique
India maintains a rigid position, refusing to accept the intervention of a third party (तीसरे फरीक की मदाखलत) in its two-sided issue. This rigidity, however, is heavily criticized in the sources as having led to diplomatic failures and humiliation.
Contradictory Behavior: The government is accused of contradictory behavior regarding the conflict: while leaders were issuing hostile rhetoric and fighting, they immediately agreed to a ceasefire (फायरबंदी कबूल कर ली) when approached by an employee or officer of the opponent. This immediate acceptance of a ceasefire after claiming victory and suggesting they had “broken the teeth” (दांत तोड़ डाले थे) of the enemy was labeled an “idiotic argument” (अहमकाना दलील) that made the nation appear “foolish” (आमक).
External Intervention and US Relations: The conflict was nearly leveraged by then-US President Donald Trump, who sought to use the “ancient Kashmir Dispute” to gain “global prestige”. Trump allegedly “broke all previous records” (तमाम साबका रिकॉर्ड्स ही तोड़ डाले) in attempting to humiliate India and favor Pakistan. His intention was to invite Indian leadership alongside a Pakistani Army Chief to the White House to demonstrate that he had forced a dialogue and a ceasefire between the two atomic powers. Indian policymakers are criticized for failing to understand or deal appropriately with the “unconventional” and ego-driven nature of the Trump administration.
Strategic Losses: The sources assert that India lost the current “game” (गेम), allowing Pakistan, despite its economic weakness, to isolate India politically (सियासी तन्हाई में धकेल देगा). The diplomatic blunders are seen as having empowered Pakistan to reach a position where it can challenge India (आंखें दिखा सके) and fuel new tensions (नए ईंधन का एतमाम कर सके) in Kashmir. Furthermore, Pakistan’s successful diplomacy resulted in the US formally declaring groups like the Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA) and Majeed Brigade as terrorist organizations, attributed directly to India’s blunders.
इंसानों के नाम अफज़ार रिहान मोदी सरकार के नाम साल 2025 2025 के आगाज़ पर 20 जनवरी को जब अमेरिकी प्रेसिडेंट डोनाल्ड ट्रंप ने हलफ उठाया तो क्या कोई यह सोच भी सकता था कि इतनी शताबी से जूबी एशिया की सियासत में ऐसा तूफान आएगा कि आईएमएफ के टुकड़ों पर बलने ये चलने वाला भूखा नंगा पाकिस्तान जिसकी करेंसी टकाटोकरी हो चुकी थी वो दुनिया की सबसे बड़ी जम्हूरियत और चौथी बड़ी मशत को आलमी बसात पर बेदस्तोपा करते हुए एक नौ की सियासी तन्हाई में धकेल देगा माक कबल मोदी सरकार को ना सिर्फ कौमी आवामी सतह पर बल्कि इंटरनेशनल लेवल पर ऊपर नीचे कुछ इतनी और ऐसी कामयाबियां मिली थी वो ना सिर्फ किसी हद तक गुरूर का शिकार हो गए बल्कि अक्सर यह कहते सुनाई दिए कि मैंने पाकिस्तान को आलमी बिरादरी के सामने भीख मांगी का कटोरा थमा दिया है उन्हें इतने बड़े बोल नहीं बोलने चाहिए थे या फिर तदब्बस से काम देते हुए शताबी में जुनूनी फैसलों से ग्रेज करना चाहिए था आज की दुनिया मफ्रूजों या किस्से कहानियों को नहीं मानती जब तक आप ठोस सबूतों के साथ दो और दो चार की तरह हकायक वाज़ ना कर दें अगर यह पोजीशन नहीं है तो सब्रो सुकूत से काम लें तेल और इसके साथ बहने वाली धार को मुलाहजा फरमाएं यहां तक कि वक्त खुद आपके पास बहुत से हक़यकों काफ ले आए आपने अपनी ख्वाजा पॉलिसी में एक असूल हमेशा के लिए तय कर रखा है कि हम चूकि खुद एक आलमी ताकत है इसलिए किसी भी दूसरी ताकत को यह हक नहीं देंगे कि वो हमारे मामलात में टांग अड़ाए या बंदर बांड के लिए ब्राजिमा हो जाए पाकिस्तान के साथ रोजे अव्वल से झूठा सच्चा जैसा तैसा जम्मू कश्मीर नाम का तनाजा तो बहरहाल चला आ रहा है आपने इस इशू को कंट्रोल करने में सबसे पहली गलती आज खुद ये की कि जब महाराजा हर सिंह से बाजाब्ता तौर पर आपके नाम इलाहा की दस्तावेज साइन हो गई और आपने उसकी मुताबिकत में ऐन असूली कानूनी और सियासी जाबे की पैरवी करते हुए अपनी फर्सेस रियासत में उतार दी जिन्होंने पूरी हिकमत और ताकत के साथ घुस बैठियों को मार भगाया तो फिर ऐन इस हसास मौका पर आप लोगों की ऐसी क्या मजबूरी थी कि आपने अपने इस कौमी सलामती के कानूनी एक्शन को तकमील के आखिरी मरहल्ले तक पहुंचाने की बजाय अधूरा छोड़ते हुए वन थर्ड ख्ता घुस बैठियों के पास रहने दिया और यूं शताबी में श्रीनगर वापसी की राह ली तारीखी तौर पर इस इतनी बड़ी कौमी कोताही का बाजाप्ता जवाब इस वक्त की इंडियन सरकार के जिम्मे है इसके साथ ही दूसरा इससे भी भयानक ब्लेंडर इसी सरकार से यह सरजद हुआ कि अपने कौमी और मुल्की तनाजे को बिला जवाज़ अपनी कुताहबीनी से यूएन की सलामती काउंसिल में लेकर चले गए वो क्यों आपकी क्या मजबूरी थी होना तो यह चाहिए था कि अगर आपका मुखालफ़ फरीक आलमी इदारे में जाने की ऐसी कोई कावश करता आप कानून आज़ादी-ए-ह हिंद में तय करदा असूल की मुताबिकत में महाराजा की दस्तखतशुदा दस्तावेज अलहाक सामने लाते हुए अपने मित्रों के तामन से ऐसी कावश का विटो करवा देते शायद इन्हीं दो चोटों को खाने के बाद कांग्रेसी सरकार को यह अतराक हो गया कि अब किसी भी तरह हमने अपने कौमी इशू को आलमी इशू नहीं बनने देना अमन हो या जंग अपने इस इलाकाई तनाजे को शरीर हमसाया से भी दो तरफा इशू मनवा कर छोड़ना है यह इसी एहसास जिया या नदाबत का नतीजा था कि 1965 की पाक हिंद बड़ी जंग के बाद ताशकंद में शास्त्री जी जैसे कमजोर प्रधानमंत्री ने भी कोसीगन की निगरानी में पाकिस्तानी फील्ड मार्शल सर जनरल अयूब खान जैसे ताकतवर पहलवान को यह मानने पर मजबूर कर दिया कि कश्मीर पाकिस्तान और भारत का बामी दो तरफ़ा इशू है जिसे किसी भी सूरत आदमी तनाजा नहीं बनने दिया जाएगा यूं अपना यह मुतालबा मनवाते हुए उन्होंने पाकिस्तान से छीने गए वसीह ख्ते भी उसे लुटा दिए यही ऐलान ताशकंद जनवरी 1966 के वो राज थे जिनके कारण अय्यूब खान के अयार फॉरेन मिनिस्टर ने अपने बॉस को जिच करने और गिराने के लिए मौका से खूब फायदा उठाया जबकि दूसरी तरफ शास्त्री जी पर मैदानी जीत को टेबल टॉक्स में कमजोरी दिखाने वाला गर्दनते हुए ऐसे दबाव का सामना करना पड़ा कि वो अपने हम वतनों का सामना करने की बजाय वहीं ताशकंद में ही ढेर हो गए यह बिल्कुल वैसी ही सूरत हाल थी 1962 की हिंद चीन जंग के बाद पंडित जवाहरलाल नेहरू को इतनी बड़ी शिकस्त का सामना करना पड़ा और इनकी जो कैफियत हुई वो नेहरू जो हुज हिंदी चीनी भाई के नारों की गूंज से अभी तक निकल नहीं पाए थे माओ और चोन लाई की चालाकी को ना समझ पाए और शताबी में होने वाली यलगार के नतीजे में उन्हें जो सदमा पहुंचा बिलाखिर वो इनके लिए जानलेवा साबित हुआ सच तो यही है कि वो इसके बाद ज्यादा देर सुकून के साथ टिक नहीं पाए 71 की जंग में श्रीमती इंदिरा गांधी ने पाकिस्तानी जारियत पर अपने शरीर हमसाए को तिगनी का जो नाच नचाया और जिस तरह इसकी तजलील की शायद पाकिस्तानी सुपा की आने वाली नस्लें भी अपने चेहरों पर लगने वाली इस स्याही की शर्मिंदगीगी से निकल ना पाएंगी पाकिस्तान को दो लख्त ही नहीं कर डाला इसकी 93,000 फर्सेस को जंगी कैदी बना लिया और मगरबी पाकिस्तान के अच्छे खासे एरियाज को थ लिया और फिर 1972 में शिमती जी ने दरियादिली का मुजाहरा करते हुए शिमला मुयदा किया जिसके तहत ना सिर्फ कैदी बनाए गए तमाम फौजी और सिविलियन रिहा कर दिए बल्कि छीने गए तमाम ख्ते भी वापस पाकिस्तान को लुटा दिए सिर्फ एक शर्त मनवाते हुए कि पाकिस्तान आइंदा से कश्मीर को आलमी इशू नहीं बनाएगा और उसे मौज दो तरफा बामी म्यूचुअल इशू समझा जाएगा यह है वह पसमंजर जिसमें मोदी सरकार ने अपनी और अपने मुल्क की आलमी सतह पर तज़लील करवा ली लेकिन इस बात पर पूरी तरह अटके रहे कि हम किसी भी सूरत अपने दोतरफ़ामी इशू में तीसरे फरीक की मदाखलत कबूल नहीं कर सकते मुल्कों और कौमों के तहशुदा असूली मौकफ अपनी जगह जो भी हो लेकिन जिंदा कवाम की खारजा पॉलिसियां पत्थर पर लकीर की तरह इतनी सख्त या जामद नहीं होनी चाहिए इनमें बदलते हालात की मुताबिकत में कुछ ना कुछ लचक रहनी चाहिए दुनिया का यह आम माना वसूल है कि जब दो फरीकैन किसी भी इशू पर उलझ पड़े तो लाजमी और फितरी अमल है कि हर दो फ्रीकैन के दोस्त या हमदर्द अपनी बसात के मुताबिक अमो सलामती सुलह सफाई या फायरबंदी के लिए ना सिर्फ सामने आएंगे बल्कि पूरी जान से कावशें करेंगे ये कोई शजरे मम या हकारत गुरूर वाली बात नहीं है कि इसके बरख्त कोई फरीक एक ही रट लगाया जाए कि हमने किसी तीसरे की नहीं सुननी या यह कहे कि तीसरा होता कौन है हमारे मामलात में मुदाखलत करने वाला या टांग अड़ाने वाला ऐसा दावा करने वाले को दुनिया बेवकूफ या सरफिरा ख्याल करेगी आप दोनों अगर इतने ही अच्छे साने या अकोमोडेटिव होते तो फिर लड़ाई की नौबत ही क्यों आती युद्ध से पहले गुफ्तगू या मजाकरात या डायलॉग के जरिए आप लोगों ने अपने तनाजियात का कोई हल खुद क्यों ना निकाल लिया और फिर आप दोनों फरीकैन एक तरफ वहां मुनाफत भरे जहरीले बयानात जारी करते हुए दस्तोग गिरेबान हो रहे हैं एक दूसरे के फौजियों को ही नहीं शहरियों को भी मार रहे हैं दूसरी तरफ इतने मुद्दब हैं कि तीसरे फरीक अपने बहुत करीबी ताकतवर मित्र या मित्रों को तो नजरअंदाज कर दिया जिनमें अमरात और सऊदी अरेबिया भी थे अमेरिका के अलावा लेकिन जिनसे लड़ मर रहे थे उन्हीं के एक मुलाजिम या अफसर ने फोन किया तो आप इज्जत अफजाई के लिए ढेर हो गए क्या कटसी है आपकी मौज अखलाकियात की ये क्या अनोखी मिसाल है जो मोदी जी आपने दुनिया के सामने निराले असलूब में पेश फरमाई है इस अहमकाना दलील की तहसीन आखिर कैसे की जा सकती है एक तरफ आपका दावा है कि आप जीत रहे थे आपने दुश्मन को नाकों चने चबवाते हुए इसके दांत तोड़ डाले थे दूसरी तरफ इसी की फरमाइश पर फरी फायरबंदी कबूल कर ली किस पर्ते पर यह दयालूपन आप दिखा रहे थे पंजाबी मुहावरा है नानी खसमता बुरा किया करके छोड़ा तो महा बुरा किया ज्यादा बुरा किया कोई भी सायाना किसी पर मुक्का ताने या हमलावर हो तो यह सोच कर ही होता है कि इसका जवाबी हमला किस नोइयत का हो सकता है या होगा और मैंने इसका सामना कैसे करना है अगर आप जवाबी व सहने जोगे नहीं है तो फिर छेड़खानी करने वाले को आमक ही करार दिया जाएगा अगर आप इतनी बड़ी 1 अरब 40 करोड़ नेशन के नेता हो ऐसी सूरत में आपने खुद अपनी ही नहीं इतनी बड़ी कौम को भी अकवामे आलम के सामने बेइज़्ज़त करवा दिया आखिर इनकी तज्लील का आपको क्या हक हासिल था चले मान लेते हैं कि इत्तफाकन या हादसाी तौर पर दूसरे फ्रीक का दव लग गया है वरना असल में किसी की फतेह हुई है ना शक्कस्त लेकिन फिर भी हिसाब किताब तो करना पड़ेगा तारीख को जवाब देना पड़ेगा कि इस सारे करतबे में क्या खोया क्या पाया मोदी जी आपने क्या पाया आपके खिसे में पूरी दुनिया बिलखसूस अपनी जनता को दिखाने के लिए कुछ नहीं है इसके अलरगम आपने बहुत कुछ खो दिया इससे बड़ा नुकसान और क्या हो सकता है कि आपने दुनिया में बनी बनाई इतनी बड़ी इंडियन नेशन की ना सिर्फ इज्जत खराब कर डाली बल्कि पूरी दुनिया में यह सवाल उठा कि सिवाय इसराइल के किसी एक मुल्क ने भी जंग में खुले बंदों आपका साथ नहीं दिया और क्यों नहीं दिया और ना 22 अप्रैल के आतंकवादियों की मुनासबत से पाकिस्तान के किसी एक ने मजम्मत की वैसे टेररिज्म की मजम्मत जरूर हुई लेकिन पाकिस्तान का नाम लेकर किसी ने भी मजम्मत नहीं की ऐसी सूरत में फौरी सवाल उठेगा कि क्या आपकी ख्वाजा पॉलिसी तेल लेने या घास काटने गई हुई थी वो इंडियन ख्वाजा पॉलिसी जिसका इत्तफाखर बड़े तमतराक के साथ पिछले 11 बरसों से आपकी सरकार दिन रात करती चली आ रही थी जब आजमाइश की घड़ी आई तो आपके तमाम मित्र कतई गैर जानबदार हो गए रशिया जैसा अजमूदा कदीमी मित्र भी इस घड़ी गैर जानबदारों की सफों में पाया गया जबकि दूसरी तरफ कमज़ कम चाइना तरकिया और अज़र भाईजान ने पूरी तवानाई के साथ खुलकर ना सिर्फ सियासी और सफ़ारती बल्कि मादी लिहाज़ से भी पाकिस्तान की हिमायतो मदद में कोई कसर उठाए नहीं रखी रह गया गुजस्ता कई दहियों से चला आ रहा आपका सबसे करीबी इत्तहादी या पार्टनर अमेरिका इसके सदर ने तो गोया आपको डुबोने और आपके हरीफ पाकिस्तान को नवाजने या इसकी शान में कसीदे पढ़ने के रेफरेंस से तमाम साबका रिकॉर्ड्स ही तोड़ डाले पाकिस्तान का हकीकी हुक्मरान जिसने आपके खिलाफ ना सिर्फ बयानबाजी में अखिर कर दी थी बल्कि कारवावयां डालने में भी कोई कसर उठाए नहीं रखी थी जो आपकी मौजूदा तमामतर शर्मिंदगी और जागंसाई का बायस ही नहीं वाज़ सिंबल बनकर उभरा है जब आपके मित्र ट्रंप ने उसे वाइट हाउस लंच पर मद किया तो आपको भी कनाडा फोन करते हुए जहां जी7 कॉन्फ्रेंस में शिरकत के लिए आप गए हुए थे वाशिंगटन मद किया मुद्दा साफ वाज़ था वो मुजाकाखेज अमरी प्रेसिडेंट जो सियासी रमूद और मजबूरियों से अच्छा खासा नाबद है इसके अंदर मौजूद यह ख्वाहिश आप भी बांध चुके थे कि वो अपनी आलमी जयजय के लिए आपको इस कदर डाउन करते हुए एक आर्मी चीफ के बराबर बिठाने पर तुला बैठा था दुनिया को यह दिखाने के लिए कि देखो मैंने ना सिर्फ ये कि पाकिस्तान और इंडिया जैसी दो एटमी ताकतों में फायरबंदी करवाई है बल्कि इनकी कयादतों को वाइट हाउस में इकट्ठे बिठाकर मुकालमा भी करवाया है और इस तादीब के साथ कि देखो आइंदा जंग नहीं कर दी और कदीमी कश्मीर डिस्प्यूट भी मेरी निगरानी में हल करवाने के लिए तैयार हो जाओ आपने अच्छा किया जो माज़त करते हुए अपनी इज्जत बचाई मगर सच तो यह है कि इस सब के बावजूद बचा कुछ भी नहीं ट्रंप ने जिस तरह 40 मर्तबा जंगबंदी का इजहार किया है और पांच इंडियन तारे गिराए जाने के जो तज़रे किए हैं इसके पसमंजर में उन्हें आप पर और आपकी वजह से भारत पर जो गुस्सा है आप लोग इसके नसियाती अवामल समझने से कासिसर रह गए सयाने कहते हैं जैसा मुंह वैसी चपेट आपने इस शख्स को ना समझा ना इसकी मुताबिकत में उसे मुतमिन करने की कोई काविश की ना इसके इर्दगिर्द आपका कोई हमदर्द दिखाई दिया गैर रवायती कयादतों पागलों या जुनूनियों के सामने फलसफा नहीं झाड़ा जाता ना मंतकी इस्तदलाल से काम लिया जाता है इनकी नफसियात को समझते हुए इनकी मुताबकत में डील किया जाता है यह सोचते हुए कि जैसे तैसे हालात में जैसा तैसा शख्स इस ताकतवर या आमन जिम्मेदारी या ओदे पर फायज हो चुका है यह ज़हनी बीमार शख्स है जो अपने मुल्कों कौम से भी बढ़कर अपनी जाती और शख्सी मुदासराई या अना का भूखा है अमकी सिदूर की फस में अपना नाम बुलंदियों पर लिखवाना चाहता है इससे यह बर्दाश्त नहीं हो पा रहा कि इसका करीब तरीन हरीफ रेसिडेंट ओबामा तो अमन का नोबल अवार्ड जीतकर वाइट हाउस से रुखसत हो जबकि अपने त इससे कहीं ज्यादा ज़ीरक और तगड़ा प्रेसिडेंट ट्रंप कल कला सरखाब का यह पढ़ लगाए बगैर सदारती मयाद पूरी करके चले जाए इस नफसियाती सूरत हाल में समझदारी इसी में थी कि आप भी जिस नौ की गैर रवायती हैं अपने फैसले भी हालात की मुनासबत से गैर रवायती ही करते ऐसा मौका ही ना आने देते कि आपका हरीफ वाइट हाउस में आपसे ज्यादा नंबरों के साथ जा पहुंचे अगर आप फायरबंदी की रात ट्रंप जैसी शताबी के साथ यह ऐलान करते कि हमने अपने मित्र ट्रंप की दरख्वास्त पर फायरबंदी का कड़वा घूंट पिया है वरना ना जाने हम पाकिस्तान का क्या हशर नशर कर देते क्या इससे आपकी या भारत की दुनिया में कोई बदनामी हो जानी थी साथ ही आप ट्रंप की अमन पसंदसंदी का राग पूरे जोर से अलापते हुए नोबेल प्राइज के लिए इसकी नामजदगी का ऐलान कर देते बल्कि वाइट हाउस ही नहीं बराएरास्त प्रेसिडेंट ट्रंप को पूरे जोर से यह बाबर करवाते कि दुनिया में इस वक्त आपका सबसे बड़ा शत्रु या हरीफ चाइना है और हमारा भी सबसे बड़ा हरीफ इसी चाइना का प्रेसिडेंट शी है इसके हम जख्म गोदा हैं जबकि हमारा हरीफ पाकिस्तान आपके हरीफ चाइना की गोदी में बैठा हुआ है वो आपके साथ डबल गेम कर रहा है इससे भी आगे बढ़कर कहते कि ईरान और इसराइल की जंग में भी पाकिस्तान आपके लाडले इसराइल की मुखालफत पर नंगा होकर तुला बैठा है वो दरपर्दा या दूनने खाना ईरान की मदद कर रहा है उसे इसराइल से इतनी नफरत है कि इसका वजूद तस्लीम करने के लिए भी तैयार नहीं इस हवाले से उसे आपका भी कोई लिहाज या पास नहीं जबकि हम लोग इसराइल के इतने ही हमदर्द हैं जितने खुद आप यानी अमेरिका हम तो आपके फितरी इत्तहादी हैं हर हवाले से हम ईरान से ताल्लुकात इसलिए रखते हैं ताकि क़तर की तरह उसे समझा सकें वरना आपके शत्रु हमारे शत्रु आपके मित्र हमारे मित्र क्या इनमें से कोई एक बात गलत या खिलाफ हकीकत होती रशिया के मामले में भी आप लोग यह मौकफ इख्तियार कर सकते थे कि हम तो आप जैसी डेमोक्रेसी हैं भले हम यूक्रेन के खिलाफ कैसे जा सकते हैं इसकी सोवनिटी और इलाकाई खुद मुख्तारी के खिलाफ जारियत की हिमायत कैसे कर सकते हैं हम तो इस हवाले से जो बाइडन के दौर में भी फायरबंदी की कोशिश करते रहे हैं हम आपके साथ पूरी तरह सहमत होकर बक आवाज चलना चाहते हैं हम प्यूटन के साथ अपने दरीना तारीख सियासी और तजारती ताल्लुकात को आपके हक में इस्तेमाल करना चाहते हैं क्या इनमें से कोई एक बात भी गलत थी एशिया पेसिफिक में इंडिया की जो अहमियत है डेमोक्रेटिक ताइवान की सलामती के हवाले से अमेरिका के जो खदशात या चैलेंजेस हैं इनमें चाइना के हमसाए की हैसियत से इंडिया से बढ़कर अमेरिका की मामलत कौन कर सकता है यही सूरत हाल ब्रिक्स में डॉलर की बर्तरी के हवाले से इंडिया की है अमेरिकी यूरोपियन और अरब इत्तहादियों से लेकर ऑस्ट्रेलिया साउथ कोरिया और जापान तक आपके जो मरासम है आखिर अमेरिका के साथ आपका टकराव कहां था रशियन ऑयल की खरीदारी पर भी अमेरिका को मुतमिन किया जा सकता था क्योंकि वह खुद भी कई चीजें रशिया से इंपोर्ट कर रहा था कई मादिनियात और धाते ले रहा था इस पर बेहतर सिफारतकारी की जरूरत थी तजारत के हवाले से अमेरिका जिस तेजी से चाइना से अपनी कंपनियों को भारत मुंतकिल करता चला आ रहा था इसमें सरासर तजारती तवाजुन इंडिया की तरफ जा रहा था ऐसी सूरत हाल में जब प्रेसिडेंट शी कई मौके पर आपके साथ ज्यादतियां और डबल गेम्स कर चुके थे इसका इतराज प्रेसिडेंट ट्रंप को करवाना और मस्टका मफादात की गेम्स में पार्टनर बनाना या बनना सबसे बढ़कर खुद भारत के हक में था ट्रंप इंतजामिया में आम जिम्मेदारियों पर जितने भारतीय पहुंच चुके थे यह सब भी इन हवालों से आपकी ताकत बनकर अपना रोल अदा कर सकते थे अगर दानिशबंदी के साथ जिंदा मुतर खारजा पॉलिसी का मुजाहरा किया जाता तो सब कुछ तमाम हालात और फजा भारत के हक में थे मगर अपनी मामूली ईगो हटदर्मी और अकड़ के कारण आप लोगों ने ऊपर नीचे जो हिमाकतें की आज इसका नतीजा यह है कि कम से कम फिल व गेम आप लोगों के हाथों से ना सिर्फ निकल चुकी है उल्टा आपने पाकिस्तान को इस पोजीशन में पहुंचा दिया है कि वो ना सिर्फ आपको आंखें दिखा सके बल्कि कश्मीर में जो अलव रुका हुआ था इस पर नए ईंधन का एतमाम कर सके बिल्कुल इसी तरह जैसे इसने बीएएलए बलचिस्तान लिबरेशन आर्मी और मजीद ब्रिगेड को अमेरिका से बाजाब्ता तौर पर दहशत गर्द ग्रोह करार दिलवा लिया है यकीनन यह पाकिस्तान की कामयाब सिफारतकारी और आप लोगों के ब्लंडर्स का समर है यूं महसूस होता है कि आपका फॉरेन मिनिस्टर आपसे भी जा गुजरा इस जिम्मेदारी के लिए कती नाहल है इससे तो कहीं बेहतर होता कि अगर आप अजय बसिया को अपना फॉरेन मिनिस्टर बना लेते या किसी ज़रत मामला फहम सियासतदान को लाते आप और जयशंकर ने अपने सतीपन और खोखली लफाजी के साथ कामयाब इंडियन ख्वाजा पॉलिसी का कचुंबर निकालकर इतने महान देश की इज्जत खराब की है और अब अपनी उभरती इकॉनमी को डुबोने जा रहे हैं जिससे भारतीय जनता के लिए मुआशी मुश्किलात बढ़ जाएंगी
عوام کے لیے اظفر ریحان مودی حکومت کو 2025 جب 20 جنوری کو امریکی صدر ڈونلڈ ٹرمپ نے سال 2025 کے آغاز میں حلف اٹھایا تو کیا کوئی سوچ سکتا تھا کہ ایشیا کی سیاست میں ایسا طوفان آئے گا کہ یہ بھوکا اور ننگا پاکستان جو آئی ایم ایف کے ٹکڑوں پر جی رہا ہے اور جس کی کرنسی دنیا کی چوتھی سب سے بڑی کرنسی اور جمہوریت کا سب سے بڑا ملک بن گیا ہے۔ اسے عالمی سطح پر تباہ کر کے۔ جب مودی سرکار نے نہ صرف قومی اور عوامی سطح پر بلکہ بین الاقوامی سطح پر بھی اتنی اور ایسی کامیابیاں حاصل کیں تو وہ نہ صرف کسی حد تک غرور کا شکار ہو گئی بلکہ اکثر یہ کہتے سنا گیا کہ میں نے پاکستان کو عالمی برادری کے سامنے بھیک مانگ کر چھوڑ دیا ہے۔ اسے اتنی بڑی باتیں نہیں کرنی چاہئیں تھیں اور نہ ہی غور و فکر سے کام لینا چاہیے تھا اور اس صدی میں جارحانہ فیصلوں سے فارغ ہو جانا چاہیے تھا۔ آج کی دنیا افسانوں یا کہانیوں پر یقین نہیں رکھتی۔ جب تک آپ ٹھوس شواہد کے ساتھ حقائق بیان نہیں کرتے جیسے دو اور دو سے چار ہوتے ہیں۔ اگر یہ آپ کی پوزیشن نہیں ہے تو صبر اور خاموشی سے کام کریں۔ تیل اور اس کے ساتھ بہنے والے کرنٹ پر غور کریں جب تک کہ وقت خود آپ کو بہت سے حقوق نہ دے۔ آپ نے اپنی خواجہ سرا پالیسی میں ایک اصول ہمیشہ کے لیے طے کر رکھا ہے کہ چونکہ ہم خود ایک عالمی طاقت ہیں اس لیے کسی دوسری طاقت کو یہ حق نہیں دیں گے کہ وہ ہمارے معاملات میں مداخلت کرے اور نہ ہی ڈھٹائی سے دشمن بن جائے۔ جموں و کشمیر پر پاکستان کے ساتھ تنازعہ روضہ اول کے آغاز سے ہی چلا آ رہا ہے، چاہے وہ صحیح ہو یا غلط۔ اس مسئلے کو کنٹرول کرنے میں آپ نے آج پہلی غلطی یہ کی کہ جب الٰہ کی دستاویز پر مہاراجہ ہر سنگھ نے آپ کے نام دستخط کیے اور آپ نے اس کے مطابق قانونی اور سیاسی ڈھانچہ کی وکالت کی اور ریاست میں اپنی فوج بھیجی جس نے پوری حکمت اور طاقت کے ساتھ گھسنے والوں کو مار ڈالا۔ پھر اس نازک وقت میں آپ کی کیا مجبوری ہے؟ وہ یہ تھا کہ قومی سلامتی کے لیے اس قانونی کارروائی کو آخری مرحلے تک لے جانے کے بجائے آپ نے اسے ادھورا چھوڑ دیا اور دراندازوں کو ایک تہائی زمین اپنے پاس رکھنے کی اجازت دے دی اور یوں صدی کے وسط میں واپس سری نگر آگئے۔ تاریخی طور پر موجودہ بھارتی حکومت کو اتنی بڑی قومی غفلت کا جواب دینا ہوگا۔ اس کے ساتھ ساتھ ایک اور بھیانک غلطی اس حکومت سے سرزد ہوئی کہ آپ نے بغیر کسی وجہ کے اپنی قومی اور قومی کشیدگی کو اقوام متحدہ کی سلامتی کونسل تک پہنچا دیا۔ ایسا کیوں تھا؟ تمہاری کیا مجبوری تھی؟ ہونا تو یہ چاہیے تھا کہ اگر آپ کی اپوزیشن عالمی ادارے میں جانے کی ایسی درخواست کرتی تو آپ قانون آزادی ہند کے اصولوں کے مطابق مہاراجہ کے دستخط شدہ دستاویز پیش کر کے اپنے دوستوں کی مدد سے ایسی درخواست کو ویٹو کر دیتے۔ شاید ان دو جھٹکوں کو سہنے کے بعد کانگریس حکومت نے یہ تہیہ کر لیا کہ اب ہم اپنے قومی مسئلے کو عالمی مسئلہ نہیں بننے دیں گے۔ امن ہو یا جنگ، اس علاقائی کشیدگی کو ہمارے اپنے پڑوسیوں کو دو طرفہ مسئلہ کے طور پر قبول کر کے حل کرنا ہوگا۔ یہی احساس تھا کہ 1965 کی پاک-ہند جنگ کے بعد تاشقند میں شاستری جی جیسے کمزور وزیر اعظم نے بھی کوسیگین کی نگرانی میں پاکستانی فیلڈ مارشل سر جنرل ایوب خان جیسے طاقتور پہلوان کو یہ تسلیم کرنے پر مجبور کیا کہ کشمیر پاکستان اور بھارت کے درمیان دو طرفہ مسئلہ ہے جسے کسی بھی حالت میں تنازع نہیں بننے دیا جائے گا۔ یہ مطالبہ مانتے ہوئے اس نے پاکستان سے چھینی ہوئی وسیع زمینیں بھی لوٹ لیں۔ جنوری 1966 کا تاشقند کا یہ اعلان وہ راز تھا جس کی وجہ سے ایوب خان کے وفادار وزیر خارجہ نے اپنے باس کو منانے اور گرانے کے موقع سے بھرپور فائدہ اٹھایا۔ دوسری طرف شاستری جی کو اس قدر دباؤ کا سامنا کرنا پڑا کہ وہ اپنے ہم وطنوں کا سامنا کرنے کے بجائے تاشقند میں گر پڑے اور میدان میں اپنی جیت کو ٹیبل ٹاک کی کمزوری کی علامت کے طور پر پیش کیا۔ 1962 کی ہند چین جنگ کے بعد بھی صورتحال بالکل ایسی ہی تھی۔ پنڈت جواہر لعل نہرو کو اتنی بڑی شکست کا سامنا کرنا پڑا اور ان کی حالت ایسی تھی کہ نہرو جو ابھی ‘ہج ہندی چینی بھائی’ کے نعروں کی گونج سے باہر نہیں آئے تھے، ماو اور چو لائی کی چالاکیوں کو نہ سمجھ سکے اور 1971 میں ہنگامہ آرائی کے نتیجے میں انہیں جو صدمہ پہنچا وہ ان کے لیے مہلک ثابت ہوا۔ سچ تو یہ ہے کہ اس کے بعد وہ زیادہ دیر تک پرامن نہ رہ سکے۔ 1971 کی جنگ میں مسز اندرا گاندھی نے اپنے پڑوسی کو ٹرپل انٹینڈر کا رقص پاکستانی سائیڈ پر کروایا اور جس طرح اس کی تذلیل کی، شاید پاکستانی لیڈروں کی آنے والی نسلیں بھی اپنے چہروں پر اس سیاہی کی شرمندگی دور نہ کر پائیں۔ پاکستان نہ صرف تباہ ہوا بلکہ اس کے 93 ہزار فوجیوں کو جنگی قیدی بنا لیا گیا اور مغربی پاکستان کے ایک بڑے علاقے پر قبضہ کر لیا گیا۔ اور پھر 1972 میں سخاوت کا مظاہرہ کرتے ہوئے شملہ کو شملہ نے فتح کیا۔ جس کے تحت نہ صرف یرغمال بنائے گئے تمام فوجیوں اور سویلینز کو رہا کر دیا گیا بلکہ تمام غصب شدہ زمینیں بھی پاکستان کو ان سے صرف ایک شرط مان کر واپس کر دی گئیں کہ پاکستان مستقبل میں کشمیر کو عالمی مسئلہ نہیں بنائے گا اور اسے دو طرفہ باہمی مسئلہ کے طور پر دیکھا جائے گا۔ یہ وہ منظر نامہ ہے جس میں مودی سرکار نے خود کو اور اپنے ملک کو عالمی سطح پر رسوا کیا لیکن وہ اس بات پر پوری طرح ڈٹی رہی کہ ہم کسی بھی صورت میں اپنے دو طرفہ معاملے میں کسی تیسرے فریق کی مداخلت کو قبول نہیں کر سکتے۔ ملکوں اور برادریوں کی بنیادی بنیادی حیثیتیں کچھ بھی ہوں، لیکن ایک زندہ قوم کی مالیاتی پالیسیاں اتنی سخت یا پتھر پر لکیر کی طرح متعین نہیں ہونی چاہئیں، بدلتے ہوئے حالات کے مطابق ان میں کچھ لچک ہونی چاہیے۔ یہ دنیا کا ہے۔
واشنگٹن میں معاملہ واضح تھا: جوڑ توڑ کرنے والے امریکی صدر جو کہ سیاسی ابہام اور مجبوریوں سے بالکل ناواقف ہیں، نے اپنے اندر یہ خواہش بھی پالی تھی کہ وہ اپنی عالمی شان کے لیے آپ کو اس حد تک ذلیل کرنے پر تلے ہوئے ہیں کہ آپ کو ایک آرمی چیف کے برابر کر دیا ہے، تاکہ دنیا کو دکھا سکے کہ میں نے نہ صرف پاکستان اور بھارت کے درمیان دو ایٹمی طاقتوں کے درمیان جنگ بندی کر دی ہے بلکہ میں نے بھی جنگ بندی کی ہے۔ اپنے رہنماؤں کو وائٹ ہاؤس میں بات چیت کے لیے اکٹھا کیا، اور اس یقین دہانی کے ساتھ کہ میں مستقبل میں جنگ نہیں شروع کروں گا، اور قدیم کشمیر کے تنازع کو اپنی نگرانی میں حل کرنے کے لیے تیار ہوں۔ آپ نے معافی مانگ کر اپنی عزت بچائی تو اچھا کیا لیکن سچ یہ ہے کہ اس سب کے باوجود کچھ نہیں بچا۔ ٹرمپ نے جس طرح سے 40 بار جنگ بندی کا اظہار کیا ہے اور پانچ ہندوستانی ستاروں کو گرانے کے بارے میں جو کہانیاں بیان کی ہیں، اس کے تناظر میں آپ کو اس کے غصے کو آپ کی طرف اور، آپ کی وجہ سے، ہندوستان کی طرف ایک بدنیتی پر مبنی حرکت کے لیے نہیں جانا چاہیے۔ عقلمند کہتے ہیں کہ جس طرح چہرہ ہے اسی طرح گرفت بھی ہے۔ آپ نے اس شخص کو نہ سمجھا، نہ اس کے طریقوں سے اسے سمجھانے کی کوئی کوشش کی اور نہ آپ کو اس کے آس پاس کوئی ہمدرد نظر آیا۔ غیر روایتی نظریات، دیوانے یا جنونی کے سامنے فلسفہ نہیں دکھایا جاتا اور نہ ہی کوئی منطقی دلال استعمال کیا جاتا ہے۔ ان کی نفسیات کو سمجھنے کے بعد ان کے مطابق سودے کیے جاتے ہیں، یہ سوچ کر کہ جیسے بھی حالات ہوں، فلاں شخص اس طاقتور یا مشترکہ ذمہ داری یا عہدے کا اہل ہو گیا ہے۔ یہ ایک ذہنی مریض ہے جو اپنے ملک یا برادری سے زیادہ اپنی ذات اور شخصیت کے وقار یا فخر کا بھوکا ہے۔ وہ ہماری سندور کے جال میں اپنا نام اونچا لکھنا چاہتا ہے۔ وہ یہ برداشت نہیں کر پا رہے ہیں کہ ان کے قریبی حریف صدر اوباما امن کا نوبل انعام جیت کر وائٹ ہاؤس سے چلے گئے ہیں، جب کہ ان سے کہیں زیادہ طاقتور اور مضبوط صدر ٹرمپ کالا سرخاب کی یہ آیت پڑھے بغیر وائٹ ہاؤس سے چلے گئے ہیں۔ اس نفسیاتی صورتحال میں اپنی مدت پوری کر کے رخصت ہو جانا ہی عقلمندی تھی۔ اس صورت حال میں عقلمندی یہ ہوتی کہ آپ جو غیر روایتی فطرت کے حامل ہیں، حالات کے مطابق غیر روایتی فیصلے کرتے۔ آپ کو ایسا موقع نہیں آنے دینا چاہیے تھا کہ آپ کا مخالف آپ سے زیادہ نمبر لے کر وائٹ ہاؤس پہنچ جائے۔ اگر آپ جنگ بندی کی رات ٹرمپ جیسے تکبر کے ساتھ اعلان کرتے کہ ہم نے اپنے دوست ٹرمپ کے کہنے پر جنگ بندی کی کڑوی گولی نگل لی ہے، ورنہ کون جانے ہم پاکستان کا کیا حشر کرتے۔ کیا اس سے دنیا میں آپ کی یا ہندوستان کی کوئی بدنامی ہوتی؟ اس کے ساتھ، آپ نے ٹرمپ کی امن پسند طبیعت کی بلند آواز سے تعریف کی ہوگی اور نوبل انعام کے لیے ان کی نامزدگی کا اعلان کیا ہوگا۔ یہی نہیں بلکہ آپ صدر ٹرمپ کو بھی زور سے سمجھا دیتے کہ اس وقت دنیا میں آپ کا سب سے بڑا دشمن یا مخالف چین ہے اور ہمارا سب سے بڑا مخالف بھی اسی چین کا صدر شی ہے۔ اس سے ہمیں تکلیف ہوتی ہے جبکہ ہمارا مخالف پاکستان آپ کے مخالف چین کی گود میں بیٹھ کر آپ کے ساتھ ڈبل گیم کھیل رہا ہے۔ مزید آگے بڑھتے ہوئے کہتے ہیں کہ ایران اور اسرائیل کی جنگ میں بھی پاکستان کھل کر آپ کے پیارے اسرائیل کی مخالفت پر تلا ہوا ہے۔ وہ چھپے یا چھپ کر ایران کی مدد کر رہا ہے۔ اسے اسرائیل سے اس قدر نفرت ہے کہ وہ اس کے وجود کو ماننے کو بھی تیار نہیں۔ اس سلسلے میں اس کا آپ سے کوئی تعلق بھی نہیں۔ جبکہ ہم اسرائیل کے اتنے ہی ہمدرد ہیں جتنے آپ خود امریکہ کے۔ ہم آپ کے فطری اتحادی ہیں۔ ہم ایران کے ساتھ ہر لحاظ سے تعلقات برقرار رکھتے ہیں تاکہ اسے قطر کی طرح سمجھا سکیں۔ ورنہ تمہارا دشمن، ہمارا دشمن، تمہارا دوست، ہمارا دوست۔ کیا ان میں سے کوئی ایک چیز غلط ہوگی یا حقیقت کے خلاف؟ روس کے معاملے میں بھی آپ یہ موقف اختیار کر سکتے تھے: ہم آپ کی طرح جمہوریت ہیں، ہم یوکرین کے خلاف کیسے جا سکتے ہیں؟ ہم زریت کی خودمختاری اور علاقائی خود مختاری کے خلاف کیسے حمایت کر سکتے ہیں؟ ہم جو بائیڈن کے دور میں بھی اس معاملے پر جنگ بندی برقرار رکھنے کی کوشش کرتے رہے ہیں۔ ہم آپ سے پوری طرح متفق ہیں اور بات کرنا چاہتے ہیں۔ آپ پوٹن کے ساتھ اپنے دیرینہ سیاسی اور تجارتی تعلقات کو اپنے حق میں استعمال کرنا چاہتے ہیں۔ کیا ان چیزوں میں سے ایک بھی غلط تھا؟ ایشیا بحرالکاہل میں ہندوستان کی اہمیت، جمہوری تائیوان کی حفاظت کے حوالے سے امریکہ کو جن خطرات اور چیلنجز کا سامنا ہے، چین کے پڑوسی ہونے کے ناطے ہندوستان سے بہتر امریکہ کے معاملات کی کون نمائندگی کرسکتا ہے؟ ڈالر کے غلبے کے حوالے سے برکس میں ہندوستان کا یہی حال ہے۔ امریکی، یورپی اور عرب اتحاد سے لے کر آسٹریلیا، جنوبی کوریا اور جاپان تک، امریکہ کے ساتھ آپ کی کشمکش کہاں تھی؟ امریکہ کو روسی تیل کی خریداری پر یقین دلایا جا سکتا تھا کیونکہ وہ خود روس سے بہت سی چیزیں درآمد کر رہا تھا، بہت سی اشیاء اور سامان لے رہا تھا۔ اس بارے میں بہتر مشورہ درکار تھا۔ تجارت کے حوالے سے امریکہ جس رفتار سے اپنی کمپنیاں چین سے بھارت منتقل کر رہا تھا، اس میں تجارتی توازن واضح طور پر بھارت کی طرف منتقل ہو رہا تھا۔ ایسی صورتحال حال ہی میں جب صدر شی کئی مواقع پر آپ کو ہراساں کر رہے ہیں۔ اور تم نے ڈبل گیم کھیلی تھی، صدر ٹرمپ کو اس پر اعتراض کرنا اور مستکفیٰ کے کھیل میں شراکت دار بنانا یا بننا سب سے زیادہ خود ہندوستان کے مفاد میں تھا، ٹرمپ انتظامیہ میں جتنے بھی ہندوستانی عمومی ذمہ داریوں پر پہنچے تھے، وہ بھی انہی باتوں پر آپ کی طاقت بن کر اپنا کردار ادا کر سکتے تھے، اگر زندہ موت خیرجاہ کی پالیسی کا مظاہرہ کیا جاتا تو پورے ملک میں ڈان اخبار کا ماحول بن جاتا۔ بھارت کا احسان مگر تمہاری چھوٹی انا، ہٹ دھرمی اور تکبر کی وجہ سے تم لوگوں نے جو ڈھٹائی سے ادھر ادھر کیا، جس کا نتیجہ یہ ہے کہ کم از کم کھیل نہ صرف تمہارے ہاتھ سے نکل گیا ہے، بلکہ اس کے برعکس تم نے پاکستان کو بھی نقصان پہنچایا ہے۔
The provided text, an excerpt from the YouTube video transcript “Osama Bin Laden: From Billionaire’s Son To The Architect Of 9/11,” offers a comprehensive biographical and historical overview of Osama bin Laden. It begins by detailing his privileged upbringing in Saudi Arabia and his family’s connection to the powerful Saudi Bin Laden Group, tracing his early life, education, and marriage. Crucially, the text outlines his shift toward Pan-Islamist and anti-Western ideology, heavily influenced by the writings of Sayyid Qutb, which led to his involvement with the Mujahideen fighting the Soviets in Afghanistan in the 1980s. The transcript then chronicles the formation of Al-Qaeda in 1988 and the increasing terrorist acts against American targets, culminating in a detailed account of the planning and execution of the September 11, 2001 attacks and the subsequent global war on terror that led to his death in 2011 in Pakistan.
Recorded Message from Osama bin Laden [TRANSLATED] (Oct. 2001)
Osama Bin Laden: Life, Al-Qaeda, and 9/11
Osama Bin Laden (often referred to as Usama Bin Laden in the sources) was the founder and leader of the jihadist organization Al-Qaeda and the architect of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the United States. He is considered arguably the most significant figure in the history of modern Islamic fundamentalism.
Early Life and Ideological Formation
Birth and Family Background Osama Bin Laden was born on March 10, 1957. While international police organizations previously believed his birthplace was Jeddah, it is now generally accepted he was born in the Saudi capital, Riyadh. His father was Muhammad bin Awad Bin Laden, who had migrated from Yemen and became a highly successful construction contractor, founding the enormously wealthy Saudi Bin Laden Group. By the 1960s, the Saudi Bin Laden Group was one of the most significant corporations in the Arab world, with extensive ties to the Saudi royal family and lucrative contracts, including managing repairs for mosques in Mecca and Medina.
Osama’s mother was Hamida al-Attas, a Syrian native. She married Muhammad, who was 48, in 1956 when she was 14; Osama was their only child. His father, who was a multi-millionaire, instilled in Osama much of his conservative religious fervor. Although his younger years had an air of normality—he was a football fan who followed Arsenal and showed interest in military history—his background was far from normal. He attended school in Jeddah and, in 1971, undertook an English language course at Oxford University in Britain.
Education and Early Influences In 1976, at age 19, Osama entered King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, intending to study economics and business administration, likely with a view toward joining the family business. However, reports indicate his primary interests were already religion, poetry, and Arab literature. He stood to inherit upwards of $10 million from his father’s estate.
During the mid-to-late 1970s, he began developing a pan-Islamist ideology, which advocates for the unification of Muslims worldwide to defend and promote their faith. This ideology was heavily committed to reducing or ending Western involvement in the Middle East.
A particularly strong influence was the Egyptian Islamic scholar Sayyid Qutb. Qutb’s extensive writings argued that Islamic Jihad (struggle against evil) was justifiable in the interests of creating a new Islamic caliphate, and that Sharia law should be imposed across all Muslim states. Qutb’s work contained virulent anti-Western sentiment, denouncing the United States as materialistic, godless, and lacking in spiritual values. Significantly, Qutb’s brother, Muhammad, promoted these ideas while teaching at Abdulaziz University when Osama was a student there in the late 1970s.
The Afghan War and the Birth of Al-Qaeda
The Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan Bin Laden finished his studies in 1979, coinciding with the turmoil caused by the Iranian Revolution and the Soviet Union’s effective invasion of Afghanistan in December 1979. Bin Laden traveled quickly to Pakistan and came under the guidance of Abdullah Azzam, a Palestinian-born jihadist. Azzam encouraged Bin Laden to join the tens of thousands of Muslim men heading to Afghanistan to fight the “atheistic Soviet invaders”—these fighters were known as the mujahideen.
Financing the Mujahideen From 1980 onward, Bin Laden used his inherited fortune to recruit and train mujahideen in Pakistan before they headed into Afghanistan. In 1984, he and Azzam established Maktab al-Khidamat (MAH), an organization dedicated to raising funds from both the Arab and Western worlds to purchase weapons and train fighters. By 1986, MAH had trained hundreds of fighters based at Bin Laden’s base in eastern Afghanistan, known as al-Ma’sada (“The Lion’s Den”). Bin Laden gained a significant reputation among the mujahideen, particularly following the Battle of Jaji in 1987.
Founding Al-Qaeda As the Soviet war wound down in the late 1980s, Bin Laden, Azzam, and others, representing a more extremist wing of MAH, decided the organization should be transformed to continue the “expulsion of non-Arab powers from the Arab and Muslim world”.
This resulted in the founding of Al-Qaeda (meaning “the base” or “the foundation”) in 1988. Al-Qaeda’s goal from its inception was to wage Jihad against non-Muslims across the traditional Muslim world. Its ideological framework centered on removing American influence from the Middle East and destroying the state of Israel, which it viewed as a Western enclave. The group also viewed moderate Muslims as having wavered from traditional Islam and sought to establish rigid Islamic rule based on Sharia law.
Anti-Americanism, Exile, and Escalation
Rift with Saudi Arabia Following the withdrawal of Soviet troops in 1989, Bin Laden returned to Saudi Arabia where he initially received a hero’s welcome. He began working with the Saudi Bin Laden Group to leverage its economic might and ties to grow Al-Qaeda.
A fatal conflict arose when Iraq invaded Kuwait in August 1990, and the Saudi government agreed to allow US troops to assemble in Saudi Arabia as a staging post for the liberation of Kuwait (Operation Desert Storm). Bin Laden was outraged. He met with King Fahd, requesting that American troops be prohibited from assembling and offering his own “Arab Legion” (formed in Afghanistan) to defend the border. This offer was rejected. Bin Laden began a public propaganda campaign, denouncing the royal family for inviting “Western infidels” into the kingdom that housed the holiest sites in Islam, Mecca and Medina. This resulted in his expulsion from Saudi Arabia in 1991.
Exile in Sudan After his expulsion, Bin Laden headed to Sudan, settling there in 1992. Sudan, having implemented Sharia law, offered him refuge. He established a well-defended compound near the capital, Khartoum, and set up new training bases. Because Sudan harbored Bin Laden and other Islamic fundamentalists, the US designated it a state sponsor of international terrorism and monitored his activities closely. By 1996, US sanctions had considerably damaged Sudan’s economy, and Bin Laden was forced to leave.
Return to Afghanistan and the 1990s Attacks In 1996, Bin Laden returned to Afghanistan as the personal guest of Mullah Muhammad Omar, the first leader of the newly established Taliban government. Upon his return, he quickly issued a declaration of war against the United States in August 1996, citing the US occupation of Saudi Arabia via military bases since 1990 and its support for Israel.
Al-Qaeda began stepping up its terrorist actions. Attacks attributed to Al-Qaeda or affiliates in the 1990s include:
The 1992 bombing of the Golden Meor Hotel in Aden, Yemen.
The 1993 truck bombing outside the North Tower of the World Trade Center, led by Al-Qaeda affiliate Ramsey Yussef.
The 1997 Luxor massacre in Egypt, where 62 people, mostly Western tourists, were killed.
The August 7, 1998, US Embassy bombings in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and Nairobi, Kenya. These were complex, simultaneous truck bombings outside the US embassies that killed 213 people in Nairobi and 85 in Dar es Salaam, injuring thousands more.
Following the embassy bombings, Bin Laden was immediately placed on the FBI’s 10 Most Wanted list.
The September 11, 2001, Attacks
Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda turned their focus toward an even more substantial attack on American soil. In late 1998 or early 1999, Bin Laden approved the initiative to target the World Trade Center, a plan originally proposed by Khaled Sheikh Muhammad in 1996.
Planning and Execution Nineteen hijackers were selected and established in terrorist cells in the US. The final targets were selected in early 2001: the Twin Towers (the two Central buildings of the World Trade Center), the Pentagon in Virginia, and plans were believed to exist for a fourth plane to hit the US Capitol building.
The date chosen, September 11, 2001, was likely symbolic, chosen because it was the date in 1683 when the Siege of Vienna was broken, marking the conclusion of Ottoman expansion in southern Europe. Bin Laden chose this date to signify a “new turning of the tide back in favor of Islam”.
On the morning of September 11, four commercial airline planes were hijacked:
American Airlines Flight 11 crashed into the North Tower of the WTC at 8:46 a.m..
United Airlines Flight 175 crashed into the South Tower at 9:03 a.m..
American Airlines Flight 77 struck the West Wall of the Pentagon.
United Airlines Flight 93 crashed into a field in Pennsylvania after passengers attempted to regain control.
The South Tower collapsed at 9:59 a.m., followed by the North Tower 29 minutes later. The attacks resulted in the deaths of over 2,700 people in the towers, on the ground, and in the planes. The 9/11 attacks were the most devastating terrorist attacks in world history, causing an unparalleled psychological impact due to global media coverage.
Bin Laden initially denied involvement but later, in a 2004 video released by Al Jazeera, he unequivocally stated that he was responsible for directing the 19 hijackers.
The Manhunt and Death
Post-9/11 and Hiding in Pakistan Following the attacks, the US, under President George W. Bush, authorized the use of force against those responsible. As the Taliban had sheltered Bin Laden, American and British aircraft began bombing strategic targets in Afghanistan in October 2001.
Bin Laden was believed to be hiding in the White Mountains near the border with Pakistan. He was present during the Battle of Tora Bora in December 2001, but he narrowly avoided apprehension, escaping over the southern border into Pakistan. Bin Laden became the most wanted man in the world, with a bounty that increased from $25 million to $50 million by 2007.
He spent the vast majority of the 2000s in Pakistan, often in Waziristan near the Afghan border, with “tacit support of powerful elements within Pakistan’s politics and Security Services”. Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda remained active during this period, notably involved in the counterinsurgency against US forces in Iraq, where they sought to sow divisions between Sunni and Shiite Muslims.
Death in Abbottabad Bin Laden eventually moved into a new, purpose-built, high-security compound in the city of Abbottabad in Northern Pakistan, likely beginning around 2006. The compound was designed for security, featuring 5 1/2 meter high concrete fences, barbed wire, few windows, and screens to block vision of the interior.
US intelligence identified the compound in 2010 after tracking Abu Ahmed Al Kuwaiti, a close confidant and courier for Bin Laden. Based on substantial circumstantial evidence, US President Barack Obama authorized Operation Neptune Spear on May 1, 2011.
In the early morning of May 2, 2011, two Blackhawk helicopters carrying Navy Seals landed at the compound. Following a brief firefight with his followers, the Navy Seals proceeded into the main compound. Bin Laden was found and killed on the third floor shortly after midnight. His body was placed in a body bag and transported out of the compound.
A decision was made to dispose of Bin Laden’s body quickly somewhere where his resting place would never be identified and turned into a shrine. His body was taken to an undisclosed location at sea and disposed of there within 24 hours to comply with Islamic tradition.
Legacy
While Bin Laden’s death was a success for the US, it did not end the threat posed by Islamic fundamentalists. His violent extremism and the subsequent wars resulting from 9/11 contributed to the rise of even more extreme movements.
By the 2010s, Al-Qaeda was being eclipsed by groups like the Islamic State of Iraq (ISI, later ISIL), which eventually split entirely from Al-Qaeda after being viewed as too brutal. Islamic State, under Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, brought Islamic Jihad to a new level of brutality, seizing vast territories in Syria and Iraq. The world was changed immeasurably by Bin Laden’s violent extremism, resulting in heightened security, prolonged wars, and a massive migrant crisis.
The Foundation and Formation of Al-Qaeda
The formation of Al-Qaeda (meaning “the base” or “the foundation”) was a direct outgrowth of the organization Maktab al-Khidamat (MAH) during the Soviet-Afghan War, spearheaded by Osama Bin Laden and his mentor, Abdullah Azzam.
Context: The Soviet-Afghan War and the Mujahideen
Osama Bin Laden, who had developed a pan-Islamist ideology centered on unifying Muslims to defend their faith and ending Western involvement in the Middle East, finished his studies in 1979, coinciding with the Soviet Union’s effective invasion of Afghanistan in December of that year. Bin Laden quickly traveled to Pakistan, where he met Abdullah Azzam, a Palestinian-born jihadist, who encouraged him to join the thousands of Muslim men (known as the mujahideen) heading to Afghanistan to fight the “atheistic Soviet invaders”.
Starting in the early 1980s, Bin Laden used his inherited fortune (which stood to be upwards of $10 million from his father’s estate) to recruit and train mujahideen in Pakistan before they headed into Afghanistan.
The Precursor: Maktab al-Khidamat (MAH)
In 1984, Bin Laden and Abdullah Azzam established Maktab al-Khidamat (MAH).
Purpose: MAH was established to raise funds from both the Arab world and the Western world to continue financing the fight against the Soviets, purchasing weapons, and training mujahideen.
Operations: By 1986, MAH had trained hundreds of fighters who operated from Bin Laden’s base in eastern Afghanistan, known as al-Ma’sada (“The Lion’s Den”).
Reputation: Bin Laden gained a significant reputation among the mujahideen and within the wider Arab world following the Battle of Jaji in 1987.
Formation of Al-Qaeda
As the Soviet-Afghan War began to wind down in the late 1980s (Peace Accords were signed in 1988, and Soviet troops were withdrawn in 1989), internal discussions arose regarding the future of MAH.
Ideological Split: Some members wished for MAH to remain a moderate organization focused on the initiative against the Soviets. However, Bin Laden, Abdullah Azzam, and others, representing a more extremist wing of the movement, opposed this view.
Transformation: This extremist wing believed that MAH should be transformed into a larger organization to “continue the expulsion of non-Arab powers from the Arab and Muslim world”.
Founding: This resulted in Bin Laden and Azzam establishing the new organization, Al-Qaeda, in 1988.
Goals and Ideological Framework
Al-Qaeda’s establishment in 1988 was driven by a commitment to waging holy war, or Jihad, against non-Muslims across the traditional Muslim world.
Its core ideological goals included:
Removing American influence from the Middle East.
Destroying the state of Israel, which Al-Qaeda perceived as a Western enclave in the Levant.
Waging Jihad in the traditional Muslim world, encompassing the Middle East, North Africa (the Maghreb), lower Central Asia, and peripheral areas like Somalia and Indonesia.
Establishing a rigid form of Islamic rule across the Muslim world, based on Sharia law and a literal interpretation of the Quran.
Opposition to moderate Muslims, who were viewed as having wavered from traditional Islam.
The organization initially aimed to incite a major war against the United States to radicalize the Muslim world against the kafir (non-Muslims). Since the organization could not engage in outright conflict early on, its modus operandi during its early years would be terrorist tactics.
Al-Qaeda eventually became the largest jihadist organization in the world, notorious globally for its violent extremism, particularly the 9/11 attacks on the United States.
The Roots of Bin Laden’s Anti-Western Ideology
The development and promotion of anti-Western ideology were central to the life and actions of Osama Bin Laden and the foundation of Al-Qaeda, driven by specificThe development and promotion of anti-Western ideology were central to the life and actions of Osama Bin Laden and the foundation of Al-Qaeda, driven by specific geopolitical events and radical Islamic scholarship.
Roots of Anti-Western Sentiment
Bin Laden’s ideological views began to take shape during the mid-to-late 1970s, a period he described as formative in his life. He developed a pan-Islamist ideology, which advocates for the unification of Muslims worldwide to defend and promote their faith. Central to this pan-Islamism during the 1960s and 1970s was a commitment to reducing and, if possible, ending Western involvement in the Middle East.
The region Bin Laden grew up in had been dominated by the British and French following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire at the end of World War I, and the United States was becoming an increasingly influential party as British and French influence declined. Furthermore, the creation and continued existence of the state of Israel—a state “backed strongly by the United States”—which was frequently at war with its Muslim neighbors (such as the Six-Day War of 1967 and the Yom Kippur War of 1973), intensified this anti-Western atmosphere.
Influence of Sayyid Qutb
A particularly strong influence on Bin Laden in the 1970s was the writings of Sayyid Qutb, an Egyptian Islamic scholar. Qutb’s extensive writings, which were widely taught in the Muslim world, contained a strain of “virulent anti-Western sentiment”.
Qutb specifically denounced the United States as:
Materialistic.
Godless.
Lacking in spiritual values of any kind.
This anti-Western ideology, promoted by Qutb, was arguably the “defining influence on Bin Laden’s ideological beliefs” during the 1960s and 1970s.
Al-Qaeda’s Anti-Western Focus
When Bin Laden and Abdullah Azzam established Al-Qaeda in 1988, its goal was to wage Jihad against non-Muslims across the traditional Muslim world.
The ideological framework of Al-Qaeda was heavily focused on anti-Western goals:
Removing American influence from the Middle East.
Destroying the state of Israel, which the organization perceived as a “Western Enclave in the Levant”.
The group believed it needed to incite a “major war against the United States” to radicalize the Muslim world against the kafir (non-Muslims).
Escalation and Grievances Against the United States
Bin Laden’s anti-American stance solidified and intensified following the Gulf War (1990-1991). When Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990, the Saudi government allowed US troops to assemble in Saudi Arabia to stage the liberation of Kuwait (Operation Desert Storm).
Public Denunciation: Bin Laden was outraged by this decision, calling it an invitation for “Western infidels into the kingdom which was the defender of the holiest sites in Islam, Mecca and Medina”.
Expulsion: This hostile propaganda campaign resulted in a “fatal breach” between Bin Laden and the Saudi government, leading to his expulsion from the country in 1991.
Following his exile and return to Afghanistan in 1996, Bin Laden issued a formal declaration of war against the United States. His central complaints included:
US Occupation of Saudi Arabia: He argued that the US had “occupied Saudi Arabia through its military bases since 1990”. His foremost complaint regarding the US presence was its “proximity to the holiest places of Islam, Mecca and Medina”. In 1998, Al-Qaeda stated that “for 7 years the United States has been occupying the lands of Islam in the holiest of place”.
Support for Israel: He cited US support for Israel in the region.
Support for Oppressive Regimes: He included US support for regimes that persecuted Muslims, citing examples like Russia’s crackdown on Chechnya, the Philippine government’s attacks on the Muslim Moro population, and India’s oppression of Muslims in the Kashmir region.
This anti-Western ideology culminated in the September 11, 2001, attacks, which Bin Laden chose for the symbolic date (September 11, the date the Siege of Vienna was broken in 1683), intending it to mark a “new turning of the tide back in favor of Islam”.
Bin Laden, Al-Qaeda, and the Soviet-Afghan War
The Soviet-Afghan War (1979–1989) was a pivotal event that shaped the early career of Osama Bin Laden, led to the formation of Al-Qaeda, and dramatically increased his profile within the Arab world.
Onset and Context of the War
The war began following a period of political chaos in Afghanistan.
Political Instability: In 1978, the Marxist People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) seized power and began establishing a socialist, non-religious state.
Soviet Ties: The PDPA had long-standing ties with the Soviet Union. When Islamist groups and other opponents began revolts against the new government in 1978 and 1979, the Marxist regime called on Moscow for assistance.
Soviet Invasion: As the situation for the PDPA deteriorated, the Soviet Union effectively invaded Afghanistan in the final days of December 1979. By early 1980, thousands of Soviet tanks and tens of thousands of soldiers had been deployed, and Moscow occupied the main cities of the country.
Bin Laden’s Involvement and Role
Osama Bin Laden became involved in the conflict immediately after finishing his studies at King Abdulaziz University in 1979.
Early Guidance: Bin Laden traveled quickly to Pakistan, a country that often tolerated Islamic fundamentalism due to its long-running cold war with India. Upon arrival, he came under the wing of Abdullah Azzam, a Palestinian-born jihadist.
Recruitment and Financing (Mujahideen): Azzam encouraged Bin Laden to join the tens of thousands of Muslim men heading to Afghanistan to fight the “atheistic Soviet invaders”. These fighters were known as the mujahideen (a term that translates roughly as one who engages in holy war or Jihad). From 1980 onwards, Bin Laden used his inherited fortune to recruit and train mujahideen in Pakistan before they headed into the mountainous regions of Afghanistan.
US and Saudi Support: Bin Laden’s personal financing, however, paled in comparison to the “billions of dollars” spent by the United States and Saudi Arabian governments in equipping and training anti-Soviet forces in Pakistan and Afghanistan.
Establishing MAK and Al-Ma’sada: Throughout the early 1980s, Bin Laden moved between Pakistan and mujahideen strongholds in the Hindu Kush mountains.
In 1984, he and Azzam established Maktab al-Khidamat (MAH), an organization designed to raise funds from both the Arab world and the Western world to purchase weapons and train mujahideen.
By 1986, MAH had trained hundreds of fighters based at Bin Laden’s base in eastern Afghanistan, known as al-Ma’sada (“The Lion’s Den”).
Gaining Reputation: Bin Laden led mujahideen action against the Soviets and the Marxist regime at the Battle of Jaji in 1987. Although the battle lacked strategic significance in the wider war, it gained Bin Laden a “significant reputation amongst the mujahidin and within the wider Arab world”.
Nature of the Conflict
The Soviet-Afghan War developed as a brutal conflict based largely on guerrilla warfare.
Military Landscape: While the Soviets committed 80,000 troops by the end of 1980 and possessed far superior weaponry, they were largely confined to occupying and holding the main cities to prop up the Marxist PDPA. Mujahideen groups, which included both moderate and fundamentalist branches, controlled the regions outside the cities.
Guerrilla Warfare: The Hindu Kush mountains provided ideal territory for guerrilla warfare. The fighting became extremely bloody, as the Soviets used indiscriminate bombing and destruction of rural villages to try to root out the insurgents.
Casualties and Displacement: By the mid-1980s, upwards of four million people (out of a population of 14 million) had been displaced, with hundreds of thousands becoming refugees in Iran and Pakistan. The conflict resulted in at least half a million deaths, and perhaps as many as three times that amount. The war became known as the Soviet equivalent of the American Vietnam War, as the Russians faced an enemy they could not defeat.
Conclusion of the War and Aftermath
By the late 1980s, the war was winding down.
Soviet Withdrawal: Mikhail Gorbachev, upon becoming the leader of the Soviet Union in 1985, publicly stated his intention to end Soviet involvement. The US, under the Ronald Reagan administration, contributed to the Soviet defeat by continuing to send significant military and financial aid to the mujahideen, notably supplying Stinger missiles which allowed the guerrillas to shoot down Soviet helicopters. Peace Accords were signed in 1988, and the last Soviet troops were withdrawn in 1989.
Founding of Al-Qaeda: As the war concluded, the more extremist wing of MAH, led by Bin Laden and Azzam, successfully argued that the organization should be transformed to continue the “expulsion of non-Arab powers from the Arab and Muslim world”. This resulted in the establishment of Al-Qaeda in 1988, marking a shift toward a wider program of Islamic fundamentalism committed to Jihad against non-Muslims globally.
Afghan Civil War: Following the Soviet withdrawal, the Marxist regime eventually collapsed in 1992, but the various mujahideen groups turned on each other, resulting in four years of Civil War before the Taliban emerged victorious in 1996.
Bin Laden’s Return: After the Soviet defeat, Bin Laden initially returned to Saudi Arabia in 1989, receiving a hero’s welcome for his role in ousting the Russians. This brief respite was followed by a “fatal breach” with the Saudi government over the presence of US troops during the Gulf War, leading to his expulsion in 1991.
The Planning and Execution of 9/11
The September 11, 2001, attacks (often referred to as the 9/11 attacks) were the most devastating terrorist attacks in world history and were orchestrated and directed by Osama Bin Laden and his jihadist organization, Al-Qaeda.
Planning and Rationale
Decision to Attack American Soil After launching the sizable US Embassy bombings in Tanzania and Kenya in August 1998, Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda turned their attention to an even more substantial attack, this time on American soil. They decided to target the World Trade Center (WTC) in New York City, which Al-Qaeda affiliates had previously attempted to attack with a truck bomb in 1993.
Approval and Selection of Targets
Approval: Late in 1998 or early 1999, Bin Laden gave his approval to the WTC initiative, a plan first proposed by Al-Qaeda affiliate Khaled Sheikh Muhammad in 1996.
Hijackers: Candidates to carry out the attacks were screened in Afghanistan during the remainder of 1999. A prerequisite for the leaders was that they needed to speak English and be familiar with Western society. Nineteen individuals, including Mohammed Atta, Marwan al-Shehhi, and Ziad Jarrah, were selected and established in terrorist cells across the United States, operating in Arizona, Florida, and California by 2000.
Final Targets: Final targets were selected in early 2001, with the intent being to hijack commercial airline planes and fly them into buildings in suicide terrorist attacks.
The Twin Towers (the two central buildings of the WTC) were the primary targets.
The Pentagon in Virginia was also a target.
It is believed there were also plans to fly a fourth plane into the US Capitol building, the seat of government in Washington D.C..
Choosing the Date The date fixed for the simultaneous attacks was September 11, 2001. Bin Laden chose this symbolic date because it was the day in 1683 that the Siege of Vienna by the Turkish Ottoman Empire was broken by King John Sobieski III of Poland. Bin Laden selected this date as a statement that the 2001 attacks would “Mark a new turning of the tide back in favor of Islam”.
Stated Purpose for Targeting the WTC Bin Laden later stated that his purpose in targeting the Twin Towers was to seek symbolic revenge for the destruction of numerous towers and multi-story buildings in Beirut in 1982 during the Israeli invasion of Lebanon.
Execution of the Attacks
On the morning of September 11, 2001, the 19 hijackers operating in independent cells implemented their orders.
FlightDeparture Time (A.M.)Route/OriginHijackersImpact Time/LocationAmerican Airlines Flight 117:59Boston (Logan) to Los Angeles58:46 a.m. – Crashed into the North Tower of the WTC.United Airlines Flight 1758:14 (approx.)Boston (Logan) to Los Angeles59:03 a.m. (17 minutes later) – Crashed into the South Tower of the WTC.American Airlines Flight 778:20Washington Dulles to Los Angeles59:37 a.m. (just over a half hour later) – Hit the West Wall of the Pentagon in Virginia.United Airlines Flight 938:42New York (Newark) to San Francisco4Missed its target; crashed into a field in Pennsylvania as passengers were attempting to regain control from the hijackers.Casualties and Collapse of the Towers
The collapse of the towers marked the beginning of the carnage. When the planes struck the Twin Towers, well over 10,000 people were already inside, beginning their day’s work.
The elevators were crippled by the damage and fires devastated the upper floors, slowing evacuation efforts.
The South Tower, which had been hit second, collapsed at 9:59 a.m..
The North Tower followed 29 minutes later.
In total, it is believed that 2,606 people lost their lives in the towers and on the ground, along with 147 passengers and crew on the two planes. At the Pentagon, 125 people died on the ground, along with 59 crew and passengers. The 40 crew and passengers on Flight 93 also lost their lives. The overall death toll exceeded 2,700 people.
Aftermath and Response
The psychological impact of the 9/11 attacks was unparalleled as an act of terrorism due to media outlets covering the story within minutes and footage of the planes striking the towers quickly surfacing.
Responsibility and Declaration of War
Bin Laden initially denied involvement in the 9/11 attacks in a statement broadcast by Al Jazeera on September 16, 2001.
However, in 2004, Al Jazeera released a new video in which Bin Laden unequivocally stated that he had been responsible for directing the 19 hijackers. Further admissions followed in 2006.
In response, on September 18, 2001, the US administration of President George W. Bush moved quickly to pass a joint Congressional resolution authorizing the use of force against those deemed responsible for the 9/11 attacks.
Invasion of Afghanistan Since the Taliban regime in Afghanistan had sheltered Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda since 1996 and refused to hand him over, the regime was deemed a target. American and British aircraft began bombing strategic targets in Afghanistan on October 7, 2001, and the principal land invasion by US troops and allied contingents began on October 19.
The 9/11 attacks resulted in life changing in many ways, leading to additional security measures being imposed across the Western World and initiating prolonged wars in the Middle East. Though the subsequent invasion of Afghanistan resulted in a swift initial victory, the invasion failed to bring Bin Laden to justice, as he narrowly escaped apprehension during the Battle of Tora Bora in December 2001, making his way into Pakistan. The manhunt for the architect of the 9/11 attacks continued for nearly a decade until Bin Laden was killed in Abbottabad, Pakistan, in May 2011.
Osama Bin Laden: From Billionaire’s Son To The Architect Of 9/11
The Man known to history as Osama Bin Laden was born on the 10th of March 1957 his birthplace is a matter of dispute with International police organizations believing for years that he was born in the city of jeda in Western Arabia but it is now generally accepted that he was born in the Saudi Capital Riyad his father father was Muhammad bin aad Bin Laden who was born in Yemen in 1908 when he was a child his family had immigrated from Yemen North to the red coast of Western Arabia in a region which now forms part of Saudi Arabia but which was at the time disputed between the Ottoman Empire and the Royal House of sa in the 1930s he had emerged as a successful construction contractor working for the first ruler of Saudi Arabia Abdul aiz IBN saoud under the patronage of the royal family the company he founded the Saudi Bin Laden Group emerged as an enormously successful and Wealthy construction company in the fledgling Nation even as it became the world’s largest oil exporter and an extremely wealthy Nation for successful families such as the bin ladans usama’s mother was Hamida alatas a native Syrian who came from a family of successful Citrus Farmers operating around the port city of Latakia she became Muhammad’s 10th wife in 1956 when she married the 48-year-old millionaire when she was just 14 years of age a year later Osama was bornn he was their only child and Muhammad and Hamida separated soon afterwards this has caused speculation that they never actually married and Hamida was just briefly Muhammad’s concubine osama’s Youth and upbringing was one of privilege by the time he was born his father was a multi-millionaire though his wealth would have stretched into the billions if adjusted for inflation today shortly after his parents divorce usama’s mother remarried to a business associate of Muhammad Bin Laden Muhammad alatas they had four children together in the 1960s three boys and one girl Osama was sent to live with them and so he grew up in his mother’s and stepfather’s household with several step siblings but it would be wrong to suggest that he was estranged from his father Muhammad Bin Laden played a major role in his son’s development instilling in him much of his conservative religious fervor beginning in 1968 Osama attended the alaga model School a secondary school in jeda in 1971 he gained direct experience of the Western World when he was sent to Oxford University in Britain to undertake an English language course Beyond this he is believed to have displayed some traits typical of young boys during his childhood and early teenage years being a football fan who followed Arsenal Football Club and showed an interest in military history for all that osama’s younger years had an air of normality to it whereas there is no doubting that his background was anything but normal by the 1960s the Saudi Bin Laden Group was one of the most significant corporations in the entire Arab world its ties to the Saudi royal family were extremely extensive and the company had even been granted the contracts to manage the ongoing repairs of the mosques in the two most holy cities in the Islamic World Mecca and Medina in 1964 the company acquired the contract to reclad the exterior of the Dome of the Rock the most important Muslim religious site in Jerusalem by that time the ties between Muhammad Bin Laden and the Saudi royal family had become extremely extensive however in 1967 Muhammad was killed at 59 years of age in an airplane accident in Saudi Arabia when the pilot misjudged the plane’s Landing despite this setback the Saudi Bin Laden Group continued to prosper under the leadership of several of Muhammad’s sons from his earlier marriages and indeed as it Diversified in the 1970s and 1980s it became a multi-billion dollar company with lucra ative contracts all over the Middle East Osama was not involved in the Saudi Bin Laden group’s business activities in the years after his father’s death for the simple reason that he was too young instead he was continuing his education when he was 19 years of age in 1976 Usama entered the King Abdul aiz University in jeda where he began studying economics and business administration No Doubt with a view to taking up some sort of position within the family business in years to come already however he had begun to stray from an interest in business with reports by people who knew Bin Laden there stating that his primary interests were in religion poetry and Arab literature he certainly didn’t need to worry about money his education and future work as Osama stood to inherit upwards of $0 million from his father’s estate he was also married by this time having wed his first wife a Syrian woman named najah khanim in 1974 when he was just 17 years old she was also his first cousin on his mother’s side and the first of at least five wives Osama would father over two dozen children during his life clearly the mid to late 1970s were a formative period in osama’s life and his ideological views though much of the evidence concerning these years is frustratingly patchy and sometimes contradictory nevertheless the broad thrust of his views is clear o began to develop a pan islamist ideology from early on in his life a movement which espouses the idea that Muslims in all nations should be unified in defense and promotion of their faith this view harks back to the age of the Arab caliphate which between the 8th and 11th centuries ruled most of the Middle East North Africa and adjoining regions from the caliphates capital of Baghdad Central to pan islamism in the 1960s and 1970s was a commitment to reducing and if possible ending Western involvement in the Middle East a region which had been dominated by the British and French since the collapse of the Ottoman Empire at the end of the first world war and wherein the United States was becoming an increasingly interested party even as British and French influence declined the Middle Eastern World which Osama grew GRE up in was also one in which the new state of Israel backed strongly by the United States was frequently at war with its Muslim neighbors notably The Six Day War of 1967 and the war of yam kipur in 1973 a particularly strong influence on ass in the 1970s were the writings of SED kba an Egyptian Islamic scholar and religious and political theorist who had been a member of the Muslim Brotherhood Hood until his arrest and execution in 1966 kba’s extensive writings were widely taught in schools and universities across the Muslim World from the 1940s onwards and included arguments that Islamic Jihad or struggle against evil was entirely justifiable in the interests of a new Islamic caliphate and that Sharia law the law based on a rigid interpretation of the Quran should be imposed across all Muslim states a strange of virent anti-western sentiment also ran through much of kba’s writings with him denouncing the United States as materialistic Godless and lacking in spiritual values of any kind if there was one defining influence on Bin Laden’s ideological beliefs in the 1960s and 1970s it was kba significantly kba’s brother Muhammad who became a passionate promoter of his brother’s ideas was a teacher at Abdul a university in jedna while Osama was a student there in the late 1970s Osama finished his studies at Abdul aiz in 1979 it is unclear if he finished with a degree or not the timing was significant as the Islamic world was in turmoil at this moment firstly the Iranian Revolution of 1978 had seen the Western backed sha removed from power in Iran and the creation of a new Islamic State headed by the Ayatollah Rah while this was occurring in Iran to the Northeast in Afghanistan the country was descending into Political chaos in 1978 the Marxist people’s Democratic party of Afghanistan or pdpa had seized power and began to establish a socialist non-religious State the pdpa had long-standing ties with the Soviet Union and indeed Russia had always had an interest in Afghanistan dating back to the mid 19th century when the country had been an important buffer State between Russia and the British presence in India and Pakistan yet there is no major evidence that the Soviets were the driving force behind the pdpa seizure of power in Afghanistan in 1978 however they did Forge close ties with the new Marxist regime in Kabul once it was in control of the country thus once islamist groups and other opponents of the pdpa began revolts against the new government in the course of 1978 and 1979 the Marxist regime soon called on mosow for help limited support was sent at first but as the situation for the pdpa continued to deteriorate the Soviet Union effectively invaded Afghanistan in the final days of December 1979 by early 1980 thousands of Soviet tanks and tens of thousands of soldiers had been deployed as Moscow occupied the main cities of the country even before the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan Bin Laden had traveled to Pakistan very quickly after finishing his studies at King abdulaziz University Pakistan played and continues to play a significant role in international jihadist movements of the 20th and early 21st century ostensibly the country has claimed to be opposed to Islamic fundamentalism operating on its soil but for decades it has turned a blind eye to this in actuality in large part because Muslim Pakistan has been involved in a long running cold war with its bitter enemy Hindu India since the British Raj was split up along religious lines in 1947 Pakistan would play a role in Bin Laden’s life over the next three decades once he arrived there in 1979 he quickly came under the wing of Abdullah aam a Palestinian born jihadist who was an influ inuence on many of the most senior Islamic terrorists of the late 20th century aam encouraged Bin Laden shortly afterwards to join the tens of thousands of Muslim men who were heading to Afghanistan to fight against the atheistic Soviet Invaders these individuals became known as mujahedin a term which translates roughly as one who engages in holy war or Jihad in the early 1980s Benin Laden began using his inherited Fortune to recruit and train mujahadin in Pakistan before they headed into the mountainous regions of Afghanistan though this financing paled in comparison with the billions of dollars spent by the United States and the Saudi Arabian governments in equipping and training anti-soviet forces in both Afghanistan and Pakistan which were used as their proxies to fight the Soviet invasion moreover while statements about the extent to which Bin Laden was financed and trained himself by American agents at this time have been exaggerated there is no doubt that he did have some limited contacts with us special forces in the region in the 1980s the war which Bin Laden became involved in from 1980 onwards developed much like conflicts in Afghanistan have for the last two Centuries with 80,000 troops committed by the Soviets by the end of 1980 and far superior weaponry they were able to occupy and hold the main cities and prop up the Marxist pdpa but the mujahedin groups of which there were more moderate and fundamentalist branches were largely in control of the regions outside of the city the Hindu Kush mountains which dominate much of the country particularly in the East and North are ideal territory for the waging of Guerilla Warfare and this is exactly the shape the Soviet Afghan war took on in the 1980s the fighting became extremely bloody as the Soviets used indiscriminate bombing and destruction of rural villages to try to root out the insurgents by the mid 1980s upwards of 4 million people out of Afghanistan’s population of 14 million had been displaced with hundreds of thousands becoming refugees in Pakistan and Iran while the conflict resulted in at least half a million deaths and perhaps as many as three times this amount it soon became known as the Soviet equivalent of what the Vietnam War had been for America as the Russians faced an enemy which they could not defeat throughout this period Bin Laden was a major figure in the mujahadin movement in Afghanistan at first he had begun supplying Goods to the fighters in the country and also facilitating the movement of individuals who wanted to take up arms against the Soviets from his native Saudi Arabia to Pakistan where they were trained and equipped before they were sent North throughout these years Bin Laden moved between Pakistan and the mujahadin strongholds in the mountains of the Hindu Kush in 1984 he and his mentor Abdullah aam established makab alhat an organization which aimed to raise funds from both within the Arab world and the Western World to continue fighting the war against the Soviets this funding was then used to purchase weapons and train mujahadin by 1986 the network had trained hundred hundreds of Fighters who were based in eastern Afghanistan at Bin Laden’s base known as al-mada the Lion’s Den these led the mujahadin action against the Soviets and the Marxist regime at the Battle of Judi in the late spring and early summer of 1987 the battle was ultimately of little strategic significance in The Wider War but it gained Bin Laden a significant reputation amongst the mujahadin and within the wider Arab world in part owing to the reports on the battle produced by an emerging Saudi journalist by the name of Jamal Kashi with whom Bin Laden was Associated but who held very different political religious views to him the establishment of makab Alat was significant in the 1980s as it laid the groundwork for the jihadist movement with which Bin Laden has become synonymous as the war in Afghanistan headed towards inexorable defeat for the Soviets and the Marxist regime which they propped up in the late 1980s thoughts turned to the future of the organization some members wanted it to remain a moderate entity which continued the initiative against the Soviets but Bin Laden abdulah aam and others were opposed to this and believed that makab alhat should be transformed into a larger organization which would seek to continue the expulsion of non-arab powers from the Arab and Muslim world World ultimately this more extremist wing of the movement resulted in Bin Laden and aam establishing a new organization in 1988 known as alqaeda meaning the base or the foundation in time it would become the largest jihadist organization in the world and is notorious around the world as such today al-qaeda’s goal from its Inception was to begin waging holy war or Jihad against non-muslims anywhere in the traditional Muslim world that is the Middle East lower Central Asia the mreb in North Africa and also more peripheral parts of the Muslim World such as Somalia Mali and Nigeria subsaharan Africa and Muslim regions further to the east in Indonesia and elsewhere much of its ideological framework centered on removing American influence from the Middle East and also destroying the state of Israel which it perceived as a western Enclave in the Levant over time the group began to believe it needed to incite a major war against the United States in order to radicalize the Muslim World against the kafir or non-muslims because the organizations could not hope to engage in outright conflict early on its modus operandi during its early years would be terrorist tactics additionally alqaeda viewed moderate Muslims as having wavered from traditional Islam and it wished to establish a rigid form of Islamic rule across the Muslim world one based on Sharia law and a literal interpretation of the Quran by the time alqaeda was established in 1988 the war in Afghanistan was winding down already upon becoming leader of the Soviet Union in 1985 mikal gorbachov publicly stated that it was his intention to bring Soviet involvement in the country to an end but much like it took America years to fully extricate itself from Vietnam the Soviets could not pull out overnight indeed in the short term there was a significant increase in the number of Soviet troops on the ground in Afghanistan as Moscow attempted to win the war quickly through a troop surge this did not meet with success as Ronald Reagan’s Administration continued to send significant amounts of military and financial aid to the mujahadin indeed once they were equipped with stinger missiles to shoot down Soviet helicopters the mujahadin Guerilla War entered a period of unprecedented success for the insurgence eventually Peace Accords were signed by the Afghan government the Soviet Union the US and Pakistan in 1988 and in 1989 the last Soviet troops were withdrawn in the years that followed the Marxist regime began to lose ever greater amount of ground to the mujahadin groups and eventually collapsed in 1992 but no sooner was the Communist Regime out of the way than the various mujahadin groups turned on each other four years of Civil War would follow before one group known as the Taliban emerged victorious in 1996 though they would never acquire complete control of the country and indeed much of the north was held into the late 1990s and early 2000s by by the Northern Alliance in the aftermath of the Soviet Afghan war Bin Laden initially returned to his native Saudi Arabia in 1989 he received a hero’s welcome for his role in having helped to OU the Russians from Afghanistan back in the Arabian Peninsula he began working with the Saudi Bin Laden Group his father’s business in an effort to leverage its economic might and business ties to help grow alqaeda in tandem he began meeting with other leading members of the Islamic jihadist movement in Egypt and elsewhere during this time relations between Bin Laden and the Saudi government began to deteriorate Bin Laden was bent on developing an Ever more confrontational path against non-muslims while the Saudi government continued to Foster its position as a key American Ally in the Middle East a point of conflict which arose between Bin Laden and the Saudi regime was over the South Yemen Civil War Bin Laden wished for Saudi Arabia to intervene directly to oust the Soviet backed yemeni Socialist Party but the Royal government in Riyad blocked his efforts to do so another issue involving another neighbor of Saudi Arabia was soon to cause friction between Bin Laden and the Saudi government in ways which would ultimately sever relations between him and the Saudi royal family on the 2nd of August 1990 Saddam Hussein the dictator of Iraq who had spent much of the 1980s fighting a war against Iran in which he was heavily supported by the United States invaded the small Gulf State of Kuwait one of the richest Nations per capita on Earth and one which Iraq owed billions of dollars to which it had borrowed to finance its war against Iran in the 1980s The Invasion which saw the small city state conquered within 2 days caused International uproar and and within weeks the United States was building a coalition of Military Allies to launch a counter invasion of Iraq one which included Britain France Germany and dozens of other countries it was also supported by several Arab and Muslim countries notably Egypt Syria and Saudi Arabia by the Autumn of 1990 as negotiations to find a peaceful settlement were still underway American troops began traveling to the Middle East for a military buildup they they headed primarily for Saudi Arabia which was to be used as the staging post for the liberation of Kuwait and the attack on Iraq if negotiations failed that is exactly what happened and so what was termed Operation Desert Storm by the US military was initiated on the 16th of January 1991 Bin Laden was outraged from the very beginning of the military buildup as the Saudi government agreed to a proposal by the US Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney that America should intervene to prevent any extension of Iraq’s aggression into Saudi Arabia in response to this bin Laden organized a meeting with the Saudi ruler king F and requested that the country should prohibit American troops from assembling in Saudi Arabia and that he would use his own Arab Legion formed in Afghanistan during the war to defend the Saudi border against any Iraqi incursion this offer was spurned and the US and Coalition troop build up intensified in the weeks that followed as it did bin Laden began publicly denouncing the Saudi government engaging in a hostile propaganda campaign in which he stated that the royal family was inviting Western infidels into the kingdom which was the defender of the holiest sites in Islam Mecca and Medina he also attempted to convince the AMA the senior Saudi religious Scholars to issue a a fatwa or religious declaration condemning the American incursion into the Arabian Peninsula all of this combined to cause a fatal breach between Bin Laden and the Saudi government and in 1991 they expelled him from the country meanwhile Operation Desert Storm had resulted in the Swift defeat of Iraq and the liberation of Kuwait in the spring of 1991 rather than trying to pursue regime change the US left Saddam Hussein in in charge pulled his troops out of the region and imposed crippling sanctions on Iraq following his expulsion from Saudi Arabia in 1991 Bin Laden headed for Sudan settling there in 1992 in 1989 Colonel Omar al- bashier had seized power in a largely bloodless military coup he quickly implemented a form of sharia law across Sudan making the country a suitable Haven for bin Laden to continue his activities from the Saudi mujahadin was invited to sedan personally by Hassan alabi the speaker of the Sudanese National Assembly and the second most powerful figure within Sudan next to al- bashier here Bin Laden was soon established in his own well-defended compound with his followers within alqaeda defending the site with Advanced Weaponry new training bases for mujahadin were established near the capital of Kum and Bin Laden had a Manor in in the city as a result of the free reign he was given in Sudan the country was designated as a state sponsor of international terrorism as in the aftermath of the Gulf War Bin Laden and alqaeda had come under increasing observation by the American intelligence service and the state department thus while Bin Laden remained in Sudan from 1992 to 1996 the US was monitoring his activities on an almost daily basis with flyovers of his compound and other intelligence gathering by 1996 US sanctions against Sudan over its harboring of Bin Laden and many other prominent Islamic fundamentalists and terrorists had begun to damage considerably the country’s economy moreover the president Omar al- bashier had outflanked Bin Laden’s primary supporter within the government Hassan alabi consequently it was made clear to Bin Laden by 1996 that Sudan was no longer a safe Refuge as a result of the expulsion he headed that year back to Afghanistan where the Taliban had just cemented its control over much of the country there he became the personal guest of mulah Muhammad Umar the first leader of the Taliban Government after seizing power he quickly issued a declaration of war against the United States in August 1996 through various Islamic media channels arguing that the US had had occupied Saudi Arabia through its military bases since 1990 and that it was the principal supporter of Israel in the region it has been speculated that Bin Laden’s actions in 1996 were owing to the loss of much of his wealth from his family background when he left Sudan and that the expulsion order served to radicalize Bin Laden further and set him on a path of allout war with the government of the United States the sanctions of which against Sudan had pressured the Sudanese government into the stance it took from his return to Afghanistan in 1996 onwards Bin Laden and alqaeda were wholly committed to confrontational terrorist actions towards the United States in particular these had always been a part of the organization’s modus operandi as early as 1990 the Federal Bureau of Investigation had raided the home of Al SED noer an alqaeda affiliate in New Jersey where they had discovered documents concerning plans to blow up skyscrapers in New York City in 1993 a truck bomb was detonated outside the North Tower of the World Trade Center in Manhattan the leader of the attack was Ramsey yusf another known affiliate of al-Qaeda who had trained in one of their camps in Afghanistan in the late 1980s in 1992 Bin Laden had financed and organized the bombing of the golden mior Hotel in the city of Aiden in Yemen it is also widely believed that alqaeda was involved in the luxa massacre of November 1997 when 62 individuals most of them Western tourists were killed in the Egyptian City near the Valley of the Kings by six Islamic fundamentalist gunman thus by the second half of the 1990s Al-Qaeda was stepping up its attacks on Western targets through terrorist methods these attacks soon escalated even further on the 7th of August 1998 simultaneous truck bombings occurred in the cities of Dar Salam the capital of Tanzania and the capital of Kenya Nairobi there was no doubt which nation the symbolic Target of these attacks was as the bombs were detonated outside the United States embassies in the two Capital Cities these were complex terrorist attacks for instance the bombing in Nairobi involved 500 cylinders of TNT while the dark alarm bombing was undertaken with two 2,000l bombs ammonium nitrate fertilizer was used to pack and direct the blast so that it caused maximum damage to the embassies moreover both bombs were detonated almost simultaneously resulting in the deaths of 2133 people in Nairobi and 85 in darus Salam while thousands more were injured there is no doubt also that Bin Laden and alqaeda were responsible and in the immed immediate aftermath of the bombings Bin Laden was placed on the FBI’s 10 Most Wanted individuals list it also brought Al-Qaeda to the attention of all intelligence services in the Western World though unfortunately the risk which was posed by the terrorist organization was still not fully grasped in the aftermath of the US embassy’s bombings Bin Laden continued to escalate his rhetoric against the United States his grievances were multifarious including us support for Israel and for a number of regimes who were persecuting Muslims within their borders notably Russia’s Crackdown on cha the Philippine government’s attacks on the Muslim Morrow population of the Southern islands and India’s oppression of Muslims in the Kashmir region in the north of the country however his foremost complaint was with the presence of American troops in the Arabian Peninsula and their proximity to the holiest places of Islam Mecca and and Medina in 1998 alqaeda stated that quote for 7 years the United States has been occupying the lands of Islam in the holiest of place thus after the already sizable attacks on the US embassies Bin Laden and alqaeda turned their attention to an even more substantial attack this time on American soil remarkably they decided to Target the World Trade Center in New York City which Associates of al-Qaeda had already tried to attack with a truck bomb back in 1993 the second attempt would be more devastating late in 1998 or early 1999 Bin Laden gave his approval to the World Trade Center initiative which had first been proposed by an alqaeda affiliate khed shik Muhammad in 1996 the remainder of 1999 saw potential candidates to carry out the attacks being screened in Afghanistan a prerequisite for the leaders were that they needed to be able to speak English and be familiar with living in Western Society for a time a number of individuals such as Muhammad ATA Marwan Al Shiki and zad Jara were quickly selected another one hany hanur was picked once it was realized that he had a commercial pilot’s license and was a skilled airplane pilot by 2000 19 individuals had been selected and were being established in terrorist cells in the United States operating in Arizona Florida and California final targets were selected in early 2001 with the intention being to hijack a number of commercial airline planes and fly them into buildings in suicide terrorist attacks the Twin Towers the two Central buildings of the World Trade Center were the primary targets while the Pentagon in Virginia was also a Target it is also believed there were plans to fly a fourth plane in into the US capital building the seat of government in Washington DC with the plan in place and terrorist cells in position in the US to carry it out a date was fixed for the simultaneous attacks the day chosen was the 11th of September 2001 it is a popular belief that this date was chosen as September is the 9th month of the year and the date when written out using the American dating system comes out as 911 the same number used for emergency call services in the United States however it seems more likely that Bin Laden chose the 11th of September as it was the day in 1683 that John seski III the king of Poland arrived at Vienna the capital of Austria which was under siege by the Turkish Ottoman Empire The Siege was broken by seski marking the conclusion of Ottoman expansion in southern Europe prior to it the Christian world had been under pressure for centuries from Muslim expansion in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Balkans but after the siege of via the Christian Western Powers began to encroach into the Muslim World Bin Laden chose this symbolic date as a statement that these attacks on the United States by alqaeda in 2001 would Mark a new turning of the tide back in favor of Islam on the morning of the 11th of September 2001 the 19 hijackers operating in independent cells began to implement their orders five hijackers boarded American Airlines flight 11 which was scheduled to fly out of Logan International Airport in Boston at 7:59 a.m. Bound for Los Angeles International Airport five others boarded United Airlines 175 which was making the same Journey from Logan to Los Angeles that plane took off from the runway in Boston than 15 minutes after American Airlines flight 11 meanwhile 6 minutes later at 8:20 a.m. American Airlines flight 77 took off from Washington dlas International Airport in Virginia not far from Washington DC five hijackers were also on board finally 22 minutes after this at 8:42 a.m. a fourth plane United Airlines Flight 93 departed from New York International Airport in New Jersey down for San Francisco there were just four hijackers on this plane What followed was a day of infamy within minutes of becoming Airborne the hijackers on all four planes were moving to take over the aircrafts as a result at 8:46 a.m. American Airlines flight 11 crashed into the North Tower of the World Trade Center traveling at a speed of approximately 750 kmph while people all over Manhattan wondered if this could have been an accident United Airlines flight 175 was changing direction in the skies at 9:03 a.m. 17 minutes after the first plane had hit the North Tower it crashed into the South Tower at a speed of 800 kmph just over a half an hour later American Airlines flight 77 hit the West Wall of the Pentagon in Virginia only United Airlines Flight 93 missed its Target as it crashed into a field in Pennsylvania while the passengers were attempting to rest control of it from the hijackers the plane crashes were only the beginning of the Carnage when the planes struck the Twin Towers well over 10,000 people were already inside beginning their day’s work with the elevators crippled by the damage from the initial impact and fires devastating the upper floors the evacuation efforts could only proceed at a moderate Pace as people had to head down dozens of staircases B es the upper stories where the planes had hit were turned into an inferno and within minutes many of those who were still alive would jumping to their deaths the South Tower which had been hit second collapsed at 9:59 a.m. it was followed 29 minutes later by the North Tower in total It is believed that 2,66 people lost their lives in the towers and on the ground along with 147 passengers and crew on the two planes L the damage at the Pentagon was less severe but even here 125 died on the ground along with 59 crew and passengers the 40 crew and passengers on United Airlines Flight 93 all lost their lives the September 11th 2001 attacks accordingly were the most devastating terrorist attacks in world history moreover because media Outlets had begun covering the story within minutes around the world and footage of the PLS striking the towers was soon available the psychological impact of the attacks was unparalleled as an act of terrorism at first Bin Laden denied having been involved in planning the 9/11 attacks on the United States on the 16th of September a statement was made by him which was subsequently broadcast by Al jazer in which he denied responsibility however in the months and years that followed a growing amount of evidence was produced to sub substantiate an American intelligence Services claim that he and alqaeda had orchestrated the attacks in 2004 Al jazer released a new video from him in which he unequivocally stated that he had been responsible for directing the 19 hijackers who boarded the four planes on the 11th of September 2001 this was supplemented by further admissions in 2006 and the surfacing of video footage in which Osama was seen seen conversing with some of the hijackers in the period leading up to the attacks in the course of these it was also stated by Benin Laden that his purpose in targeting the Twin Towers was to seek symbolic revenge for the destruction of numerous towers and multi-story buildings in Beirut in 1982 during the Israeli invasion of Lebanon at the time of the 9/11 attacks Bin Laden was believed to be hiding in the White Mountains to the south of the Hindu Kush in Afghanistan in the east of the country near the border with Pakistan the administration of the US President George W bush moved quickly to pass a joint Congressional resolution on the 18th of September 2001 authorizing the use of force against those who would deem to be responsible for the 9/11 attacks as the Taliban regime in Afghanistan had sheltered Bin Laden and alqaeda since 1996 and refused to hand him over to American authorities the regime as a whole was deemed to be a Target American and British aircraft consequently began bombing strategic Targets in Afghanistan on the 7th of October 2001 ties were established with the Northern Alliance which held parts of the north of the country against the Taliban in tandem US Special operatives had been inserted into the country in small numbers as early as late September but it was not until the 19th of October that the principal land Invasion began as American troops with Allied contingents from dozens of other nations began entering Afghanistan in large numbers the war in Afghanistan resulted in a swift initial victory for the United States and its allies by early November American forces had encircled the capital cabul an air strike on the city on the 12th of November succeeded in killing one of Bin Laden’s closest allies the number three figure within alqaeda Muhammad at the following day Northern Alliance and US troops began entering the city as the Taliban either fled into the mountains or towards the southern city of kaha it was in the latter City that the Taliban made their last major stand in late November the remaining forces there surrendered in early December ostensibly bringing the war to an end it was also in early December that a new interim Administration was established with Hamed kazai as the first president of a new Afghanistan however this initial victory was effectively a false Dawn and Afghanistan would soon be riddled with Insurgent revolts which the US would never be able to defeat the invasion of Afghanistan had also failed to bring Bin Laden to Justice the us though had come tantalizingly close just as kaha was falling to the West a group of several hundred Allied Fighters including 70 US Special Forces and dozens of other special operatives along with a few hundred Northern Alliance Fighters conducted a campaign in the torab Bora cave complex in the White Mountains where Bin Laden and many other Al-Qaeda members were believed to be hiding a near two we battle followed in the mountains and caves a conflict which has become known as the Battle of torab Bora American intelligence Services believe Bin Laden was present during these clashes but that he escaped as the allied military presence was insufficient to apprehend him he is believed to have made his way over the southern border into Pakistan in the days or weeks that followed by now Bin Laden was the most wanted man in the world with a bounty of $25 million on offer by the US government for information leading to his capture or death that figure would be increased to $50 million in 2007 as the Manhunt for the leader of alqaeda and the architect of the 9/11 attacks continued however Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda would pose a threat to America and the Western World for many years to come Bin Laden’s whereabouts in the Years following his escape from Afghanistan in the winter of 2001 have been a matter of widespread speculation by this time he was the World’s Most Wanted Man and well known all over the world world as such his movements were secretive and even the US intelligence services today can only patch together some of his whereabouts during the 2000s evidently he along with many other senior Al-Qaeda Affiliates spent the vast majority of these years in Pakistan his presence here was not officially tolerated by the Pakistani government successive regimes in the capital Islamabad had been effectively supporters of Islamic terrorist organizations over the years but in Bin Laden’s case it was not possible for them to approve of his presence on Pakistani soil nevertheless a light touch approach to apprehending Bin Laden even when it was clear that he was in hiding in the country was adopted one which meant that the US intelligence Services had to try to locate the terrorist leader within the country with lukewarm support from the Pakistani security services at best for much of the time after his initial flight from Afghanistan he is believed to have been in waziristan the mountainous region of Northern Pakistan near the Afghan border reports in the second half of the 2000s sometimes placed him as having moved over the Western border to Iran but these were probably spirous and the reality is that Bin Laden and alqaeda were able to live in Pakistan largely unharassed and in some comfort for years with the tacit support of powerful elements within Pakistan’s politics and Security Services during this time Bin Laden and alqaeda continued to organize terrorist activities throughout the wider Muslim World attacks on the United States became much more difficult in the aftermath of 9/11 as a massive security apparatus was put in place in American airports and other locations however there was no shortage of Western targets now in the Middle East firstly Afghanistan had been occupied by American British and other Allied troops in late 2001 and they would remain there in one form or another for the next 20 years but the more intense Western presence was soon to be found in Iraq following the initial victory over the Taliban in Afghanistan the administration of President George W bush in the US began making it clear that it intended to engage in further regime change in the Middle East targeting states which it deemed to be supporters of terrorism the regime of Saddam Hussein in Iraq who had clung on to power following the Gulf War was a noted priority this policy would not meet with as much support from America’s allies as the invasion of Afghanistan with countries like France arguing that the Bush Administration was Now using the 9/11 attacks as a smoke screen for regime change in oil producing countries and a form of us Neo imperialism in the region despite these reservations the US and Britain with several other smaller Allied Nations invaded Iraq in March 2003 claiming that Hussein’s regime was trying to obtain weapons of mass destruction and was a supporter of Bin Laden’s Bin Laden had often cited the crippling economic sanctions which the US had imposed on Iraq following the Gulf War as one of his grievances against America but there’s no substantive evidence to show that the Hussein regime had ever materially supported Bin Laden in any significant manner The Invasion proceeded much as it had in Afghanistan a swift victory was won over the Bist regime of Sadam Hussein and within 2 months President Bush announced us victory in the war but it was not so simple and as in Afghanistan a vicious counterinsurgency campaign began in the summer of 20 2003 and lasted for years as many elements within Iraq tried to remove US forces from the country Bin Laden and alqaeda were involved in this internes conflict their methods focused on trying to seow divisions between the Sunni Muslim minority and the Shiite Muslim majority in an effort to ferment a civil war across Iraq traditional terrorist methods were employed such as the bombing of the AL asari Shrine in the city of Samara on the 22nd of February 2006 while this action did not result in widespread loss of human life it did see the destruction of one of the holiest places in Iraq for shiat Muslims and triggered days of sectarian violence in Baghdad and elsewhere in which at least a thousand people lost their lives eventually by the late 2000s the war in Iraq began to stabilize as a significant American troop surge in 200 7 combined with political reforms serve to quell the worst of the violence nevertheless Al-Qaeda continued their campaign and from Pakistan Bin Laden sanctioned bombings in Baghdad and a suicide bombing on the Shiite Imam Hussein Shrine in the city of carbella in March 2008 which resulted in 42 deaths and the injuring of dozens of others meanwhile back in Pakistan Bin Laden had moved into a new purpose-built compound in the city of abbotabad in Northern Pakistan construction on this had evidently begun shortly after Bin Laden arrived in the country at the beginning of 2002 and it was completed in 2005 the compound was laid out on a 38,000 ft estate and was surrounded by a concrete perimeter fence up to 5 1/2 M high and topped with barbed wire there were few Windows here and many screens to block VIs vision of the Interior including a screen on a third floor balcony tall enough to ensure privacy there for bin Laden who was 6’4 in tall it is hard to believe the authorities could have failed to recognize how unusual the new property was and it was clearly built with security in mind Bin Laden was probably living there from 2006 onwards with some of his wives children and followers in a city not far from the Pakistan capital Islamabad while Bin Laden’s compound sheltered him in Pakistan for many years eventually his over Reliance on it would be his undoing in 2009 us intelligence Services determined that Abu Ahmed Al Kuwaiti a close confident of Bin Laden’s who is believed to have been with him at the Battle of Torah Bora in December 2001 when the terrorist leader narrowly avoided apprehension by the US had begun to work as a trusted Courier and messenger for bin Laden while he was in hiding in Pakistan in 2009 the CIA determined that Al Kuwaiti was living in abbotabad further intelligence gathering LED them to identify the bin Laden compound as a peculiar building in the city tens of millions of dollars of funding were obtained from the US Congress to finance the establishment of a CIA team on the ground in abbotabad which in 2010 began monitoring the compound and those who entered and left it despite this extensive initiative and the use of the most sophisticated drone and surveillance devices available anywhere in the world the team was never able to obtain a photograph or any other evidence which concretely established that Bin Laden was living within the compound but by early 2011 the range of circumstantial evidence was such that they were convinced that this was The Hideout of the architect of the 911 attacks US President Barack Obama authorized what was codenamed Operation Neptune Spear on the 1st of May 2011 it was lunchtime in Washington DC but only half an hour later at nearly 11:00 p.m. at night in Afghanistan two Blackhawk helicopters carrying two dozen Navy Seals took off from an American Airbase in Afghanistan and flew over the border to Pakistan just over an hour and a half later at what was half past midnight in Pakistan on the 2nd of May the helicopters landed in the compound at abbotabad one of the helicopters crashed during the landing but none of the Navy Seals were injured fighting commenced as soon as they landed with a brief firefight with some of Bin Laden’s followers then the Navy Seals proceeded into the main compound back in Washington DC President Obama and Senior government and defense officials watched live footage of the raid from The Situation Room in the White House on the second floor the Navy Seals encountered and shot one of Bin Laden’s many adult sons as well as another follower Abu Ahmed Al Kuwaiti whose presence in abbotabad had first suggested to Security Services that Bin Laden might be Sheltering in the city then as they headed upstairs again they found bin Laten on the third floor their orders were to kill rather than apprehend the al-Qaeda leader there are conflicting accounts as to what then occurred as different Navy Seals have sought to claim credit for killing Bin Laden but it seems most likely that it was Matt bisonet who shot Bin Laden at 39 minutes past midnight local time in the body and head in the doorway of his bedroom and he then staggered backwards into the room and fell to the floor dead bin Laden was found to have 500 EUR and two mobile phones sewn into his robes no doubt for use if he found himself fleeing an attack on the compound such as the one which led to his death it was a rather pathetic demise a decision had been taken in advance that Bin Laden’s body would be disposed of quickly somewhere where his resting place would never be identified and turned into a shrine for Islamic fundamentalists and jihadists thus shortly after he was killed and the compound was fully secured the Navy Seals placed the al-Qaeda Leader’s corpse in a body bag and then brought it out to the helicopter that was still intact after a sweep of the compound to gather any intelligence which might be useful for offsetting further terrorist attacks or establishing a more concrete idea of what Bin Laden had been doing over the years the team exited the compound with the body on the sole functioning helicopter a backup helicopter was called in to collect some of the remaining Navy Seals by 8:00 p.m. back in Washington it had been confirmed that the body was that of Bin Laden President Obama addressed the nation a few hours later to announce news of the raid’s success as he was doing so Bin Laden’s body was being taken out to some undisclosed location at Sea and was disposed of there weighted down with iron chains and rocks to ensure it sank to the sea floor this was done within 24 hours of his death to comply with Islamic tradition sadly the death of AMA Bin Laden did not lead to any reduction in the threat which Islamic fundamentalists and jihadists posed to the Western World or indeed to most Muslims in the Islamic world as brutal as their tactics were alqaeda was already being eclipsed by more extreme Jihadi movements by the time of Bin Laden’s death in in 2004 a Jordanian jihadist by the name of Abu musab Al zakari had become an associate of al-Qaeda in Iraq during the early stages of the counterinsurgency against the US occupation in 2006 alar kawi and several of his closest allies merged to form what they called the Islamic State of Iraq in the years that followed they went from strength to strength but their methods also became ever more brutal including the use of vicious tactics against Muslims who refus to live according to anything other than the most severe forms of Shera law by the time US forces were withdrawn from Iraq in the early 2010s Al-Qaeda were increasingly unwilling to tolerate this approach to Jihad in the Middle East and a full split followed between the two organizations in the Years following Bin Laden’s death under al-qaeda’s new leader Iman Al zahari incredibly by by the 2010s al-Qaeda the organization who carried out the 9/11 attacks was being seen as too moderate by many Islamic fundamentalists and the Islamic State of Iraq group were now garnering many more followers amongst would be jihadists in the years that followed Islamic State of Iraq burst onto the consciousness of the entire world following the Arab Spring of 2011 a brutal Civil War erupted in Syria while while the US departure from neighboring Iraq saw significant parts of the country fall out of the control of the government in Baghdad in this environment Islamic State under its new leader Abu Bakr al- bagdadi was able to begin taking direct control over a vast s of territory across Northern Iraq and Eastern Syria in the course of 2014 and 2015 the newly named Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant or isil came to International attention as they declared the establishment of an Islamic caliphate over the lands they had taken control of isil brought Islamic Jihad to a new level of brutality which even Al-Qaeda distan itself from gradually control over easn Syria and Northern Iraq was rested from isil between 2014 and 2017 as the US sent troops back into the region as of the early 2020s Islamic fundamentalism would seem to be on the decline driven in part by rapidly improving living standards in the Middle East a reduced inclination towards nation building by the United States in the region and a warming of relations between Israel and many of its Muslim neighbors indeed the main threat of Islamic fundamentalism seems to have shifted from the Middle East to the sahal the region along the southern edge of the Sahara Desert where Jihadi groups have undermined the stability of Nations like Mali ner China and bino Faso the Taliban has also returned to power in Afghanistan following the US withdrawal in 2021 Osama Bin Laden was arguably the most significant figure in the history of modern Islamic fundamentalism beginning in the 1970s he was gradually radicalized through his exposure to the ideas of islamist Scholars such as SED kba this growing radicalism combined with the financial power available to him through the enormous Bin Laden business Empire in Saudi Arabia and the connections he enjoyed throughout Saudi society ensured that when the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan commenced in 1979 he was able to bring extensive powers to bear in training and equipping mujah hadin to fight the Russians throughout the 1980s had his career of opposition to non-muslim incursions into the Islamic world ended there he would simply be a footnote to history but once the war against the Soviets wound down he committed himself to a wider program of Islamic fundamentalism his actions during the Gulf War highlighted his growing anti-americanism and his willingness to split with Muslim regimes such as that of the Saudi royal family if they engaged in actions which he deemed antithetical to Islam thus by the 1990s a more extreme version of Bin Laden and alqaeda was emerging as reflected in the increasingly brutal bombing campaigns being launched the most severe being the US Embassy bombings of 1998 which killed hundreds and injured thousands but it is ultimately the 9/11 attacks on the United States which Bin Laden and alqaeda have become most infamous for on that fateful September morning in 2001 19 hijackers acting on Bin Laden’s orders launched attacks which killed over 2,700 people in the space of a few hours while thousands more had their lives cut short in the years that followed as a result of ancillary injuries just as damaging was the psychological impact most people have clear memories of where they were and what they were doing on the 11th of September 2001 as news of the attacks emerged and footage of the planes striking the Twin Towers surfaced on news outlets life changed in many ways that day as additional security measures were imposed Across the Western World to combat future attacks Wars followed in the Middle East and for years there was hardly a week went by when news of a major incident in Afghanistan Iraq or somewhere was on the front pages of newspapers all of this culminated in the rise of isil and a migrant crisis in the Mediterranean as millions of people sought to flee from Syria and Iraq by that time been Laden was dead killed in a rather ignominious end in a Fortified Compound he had been holed up in in abbotabad for half a decade but the world had been changed immeasurably by his violent extremism what do you think of Osama bin Laden would it have been better for him to have been captured alive and placed on trial for his crimes please let us know in the comment section and in the meantime thank you very much for watching e he the
The provided text is an excerpt from a YouTube video transcript that offers an overview and analysis of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit held in Tianjin, China. The analysis focuses heavily on the geopolitical implications of the summit, particularly in the context of rising tensions between the United States and its allies versus a growing Sino-Russian partnership. Key topics addressed include the SCO’s history and recent expansion to include Pakistan and India, the significance of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s attendance amid strained US-India relations due to tariffs, and the calls by Chinese and Russian leaders for greater Asian unity against perceived Western “power politics.” The text also details the summit’s joint communique, highlighting its balanced approach to addressing various member concerns, such as condemning terrorism and seeking political solutions in Afghanistan, while noting the ongoing China-India border disputes and the complexities of Pakistan-India relations.
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Tianjin Summit
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit discussed in the sources centers on the 25th Head of Government Meeting held in Tianjin, China. This summit was characterized as the largest in the organization’s history, featuring the participation of heads of state from 20 countries.
SCO Background and Geopolitical Significance
The SCO was established in 2001 in the Chinese city of Shanghai. Founding members included China and Russia, alongside Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan. Pakistan and India officially joined the organization on July 10, 2015.
The SCO is widely viewed as a powerful organization positioned in opposition to the United States (US) and its Western allies. The US, under President Trump, explicitly sought to suppress China’s rising power. Consequently, Trump expressed disapproval of the Tianjin Summit, dismissing it as a mere “showy operation”.
China and Russia have consistently wished for India to move closer to them and integrate into the concept of Asian power, rather than solidifying its status as a US ally.
Key Participation and Indian Context
The summit was notable for the personal attendance of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who came to China for the first time in seven years, having previously sent representatives.
Modi’s attendance carried significant weight because relations between India—long considered the US’s closest ally—and the US had cooled substantially due to US President Trump imposing a 50% tariff on India.
Despite India’s historical alliance with the US (including being part of the US-Australia-Japan-India QUAD, which aims to contain China), Modi emphasized strategic relations and cooperation with China, insisting that these ties should not be viewed through the lens of a third country.
Major Themes and Leadership Addresses
Chinese President Xi Jinping’s Focus
President Xi Jinping used the summit to criticize specific international behavior, stating that “hooliganism and threatening behavior in the name of the World Order is deplorable”. While he did not explicitly name the US, his reference was clear. He urged member states to rise against the “supremacy and politics of power” employed by the West.
Xi called on SCO member states to:
Put aside mutual differences and promote consensus.
Become each other’s friends and partners.
Establish strategic communication while respecting mutual differences.
Xi used the China-India relationship as a practical example. He noted that both are the world’s two largest population nations, comprising 2.8 billion people, and represent the two oldest civilizations in the East. He acknowledged existing border disputes but stressed that these matters should not dominate the overall relationship. He asserted that cooperation and unity, likened to the “shared dance of the dragon and the elephant,” are essential, and the two nations should be good partners for each other’s success, aiming to increase their trade volume. The core lesson from this conference, according to the source, is that severe border disputes should not hold the overall relationship hostage or constrain trade ties.
Other Leadership Remarks
Russian President Vladimir Putin used the platform to defend his “illegal attack” on Ukraine. He stated that continuous efforts by the West to incorporate Ukraine into NATO were a primary reason for the conflict, as they presented a direct threat to Russia’s security.
Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif focused on desiring normalized relations with neighboring countries.
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi strongly condemned terrorism.
The Joint Communiqué and Outcomes
The joint declaration issued by the summit was largely viewed as balanced, taking into account the demands of almost all member states without specifically accusing or naming any single party.
Key points addressed in the declaration included:
Terrorism: The declaration officially condemned terrorism. It specifically condemned the Jaffar Express and Khuzdar attacks (requested by Pakistan), and the terrorism associated with the Pahalgam incident (requested by India). A demand was made to bring the patrons of these terrorist acts to justice. This outcome was significant for India, as a previous conference held in China in June of the same year had refused to include the condemnation of the Pahalgam incident in its declaration.
Proxy Warfare: The declaration asserted that the use of terrorist groups as political tools or proxies is unacceptable.
International Issues: The communiqué affirmed the 2015 Iran Nuclear Agreement and cautioned against any reinterpretation of the relevant UN resolution. It also condemned actions causing civilian casualties in Gaza and denounced American and Israeli attacks on Iran.
Afghanistan: A demand was made for the establishment of a government in Afghanistan that includes representatives from all political and ethnic groups to ensure lasting peace.
Diplomatic Context
Diplomats held expectations that the recent Tianjin Summit might facilitate a meeting or at least a handshake between Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif and Prime Minister Modi, but this meeting did not occur.
In terms of future goals, the greatest responsibility lies with Chinese leadership to find new paths for economic cooperation among member states to foster better assistance and development opportunities within the Asian alliance, particularly in contrast to the US/Trump approach.
China-US Strategic Rivalry at SCO Summit
The relationship between China and the United States (US), as reflected in the sources focusing on the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit, is characterized by geopolitical opposition, strategic rivalry, and mutual criticism.
Strategic Opposition and Rivalry
The sources explicitly frame the SCO as a powerful organization positioned in opposition to the United States (US) and its Western allies.
This opposition is underscored by the US stance toward China’s rising global influence:
Suppression of Power: The fundamental slogan of US President Trump is identified as seeking to suppress China’s emerging power.
Dismissal of SCO: Reflecting this adversarial approach, Trump expressed disapproval of the Tianjin Summit, dismissing it as a merely “showy operation”.
Containment Efforts: The US is noted as being part of the QUAD (along with Australia, Japan, and India), which has the express objective of China’s containment.
Chinese and Russian Rhetoric Against Western Supremacy
During the SCO Summit, Chinese and Russian leaders directed strong criticism toward what they perceive as Western dominance, without always naming the US directly:
Critique of “World Order”: Chinese President Xi Jinping used the platform to criticize specific international behavior, stating that “hooliganism and threatening behavior in the name of the World Order is deplorable”. Although the US was not named, the source notes that his reference was clear.
Opposition to Power Politics: President Xi urged SCO member states to rise against the “supremacy and politics of power” employed by the West.
Allied Alignment: China and Russia have shared the desire for India to align more closely with them, moving toward the concept of Asian power rather than solidifying its status as a US ally.
Impact on US Alliances
US policies and actions have reportedly strained relations with key allies, driving them closer to China and the SCO:
Tariffs on India: US President Trump imposed a 50% tariff on India, which resulted in a substantial cooling of relations between India and the US, despite India traditionally being considered the US’s closest ally.
Neutralization of QUAD: The source suggests that Trump’s “shortsightedness” has effectively “suspended” the QUAD, a group aimed at containing China. Due to this loss of enthusiasm, Trump was reportedly forced to cancel his attendance at the November QUAD meeting hosted by India.
India’s Shift: Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, attending the SCO Summit, emphasized strategic relations and cooperation with China despite border differences, insisting that these ties “should not be viewed through the lens of a third country” (referring to the US).
Direct Condemnation in SCO Declaration
The joint communiqué issued by the SCO Summit included a condemnation of US actions concerning the Middle East:
The declaration condemned American and Israeli attacks on Iran.
It also affirmed the 2015 Iran Nuclear Agreement and cautioned against any reinterpretation of the relevant UN resolution.
India-Pakistan Relations at the SCO Summit
The discussion of India-Pakistan ties, particularly in the context of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit, highlights the presence of strained relations, mutual desires for normalization, and a focus on combating terrorism.
Participation and Diplomatic Expectations
Both India and Pakistan are members of the SCO, having officially joined the organization on July 10, 2015. The 25th Head of Government Meeting in Tianjin, China, featured the personal attendance of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and the participation of Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif.
Desire for Normalization: Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif used the platform to emphasize that Pakistan desires normal relations with its neighbors.
Failed Meeting Expectation: Diplomats held the expectation that the recent Tianjin Summit might facilitate a meeting or at least a handshake between Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif and Prime Minister Modi. However, the source notes that this anticipated meeting did not occur.
The source contrasts this lack of interaction with a historical moment during a SAARC conference where Pakistani President General Pervez Musharraf, despite heightened tension, approached and shook hands with Indian Prime Minister Vajpayee, which helped to thaw the “ice of mutual conflict”. The source notes that current Pakistani leadership, despite often advocating for dialogue on international platforms, lacked the “courage” shown by the former leader.
Shared Condemnation of Terrorism
A significant point concerning India-Pakistan relations at the SCO Summit was the inclusion of mutual demands regarding the condemnation of terrorism in the joint communiqué.
Indian Condemnation: Indian Prime Minister Modi strongly condemned terrorism.
Joint Communiqué Outcomes: The joint declaration of the summit was noted as being balanced and addressing the demands of almost all member states. Crucially, it included:
Condemnation of the Jaffar Express and Khuzdar attacks (requested by Pakistan).
Condemnation of the terrorism associated with the Pahalgam incident (requested by India).
Accountability: The declaration included a demand to bring the patrons of these terrorist acts to justice.
Proxy Warfare: The communiqué also asserted that the use of terrorist groups as political tools or proxies is unacceptable.
The inclusion of the condemnation of the Pahalgam incident was particularly significant for India, as a previous conference held in China in June of the same year had refused to include it in its declaration, leading the Indian Defense Minister to leave the conference without signing the document.
Call to End Hostility
The sources emphasize the importance of overcoming historical animosity, drawing a parallel with the relationship between China and India:
National Interest: One perspective presented is that the elimination of hostility toward India is in the greater interest of the 250 million Pakistani people. It is argued that democracy and public interests in Pakistan are currently at stake due to this hostility.
Chinese Example: The source suggests that Pakistani leaders should learn from Chinese President Xi Jinping’s speech at the SCO Summit regarding China-India relations. Xi stated that despite severe border disputes, these matters should not dominate the overall relationship, nor should they hold trade relations hostage.
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation: Unity Against External Pressure
Regional cooperation, as discussed in the context of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit, is emphasized as a necessity for mutual development, stability, and collective resistance against external pressures, particularly among the Asian powers.
Principles and Necessity of Cooperation
Chinese President Xi Jinping, in his address at the SCO Summit, underscored the key principles necessary for effective regional cooperation:
Setting Aside Differences: President Xi called on SCO member states to “put aside mutual differences” and promote consensus.
Friendship and Partnership: Members should strive to become “each other’s friends and partners”.
Strategic Communication: The establishment of strategic communication is required while simultaneously respecting mutual differences.
Unity Against External Pressure: Xi urged member states to rise against the “supremacy and politics of power” employed by the West and to counter “hooliganism and threatening behavior in the name of the World Order”.
Economic and Trade Cooperation
A significant focus of regional cooperation is strengthening economic and commercial ties:
Increasing Trade Volume: Regarding the China-India relationship, President Xi emphasized that both nations should be good partners for each other’s success and expressed a desire to increase their trade volume.
New Paths for Development: The sources note that the greatest responsibility lies with Chinese leadership to find new paths for economic cooperation among member states. This is intended to foster better assistance and development opportunities within the Asian alliance, serving as a direct counterpoint to the “Trump approach”.
Cooperation in the Face of Disputes: The China-India Example
President Xi used the relationship between China and India as a powerful illustration of necessary regional cooperation despite severe bilateral conflicts:
Shared Civilizations and Population: He highlighted that China and India are two ancient Eastern civilizations and the two largest population nations, collectively comprising 2.8 billion people.
Disputes Should Not Dominate: While acknowledging existing “border disputes,” Xi stressed that “these matters should not dominate the overall relationship”.
Lesson of the Conference: The core lesson emphasized by the source, drawn from Xi’s speech, is that severe border disputes should not hold the overall relationship hostage or constrain trade ties.
Shared Vision: Xi likened the necessary cooperation and unity between the two nations to the “shared dance of the dragon and the elephant”.
Strategic Relations: Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi also emphasized strategic relations and cooperation with China despite the border differences, insisting that these ties should “not be viewed through the lens of a third country”.
Cooperation on Security: Combating Terrorism
Regional cooperation is vital for addressing shared security threats, notably terrorism:
Joint Condemnation: The SCO Joint Communiqué issued at the summit demonstrated successful cooperation by officially condemning terrorism, specifically addressing incidents requested by both Pakistan (Jaffar Express and Khuzdar attacks) and India (Pahalgam incident).
Proxy Warfare: The declaration affirmed a collective stance that the use of terrorist groups as political tools or proxies is unacceptable.
Afghanistan Peace: Member states jointly demanded the establishment of a government in Afghanistan that includes representatives from all political and ethnic groups to ensure lasting peace.
Broader Geopolitical Cooperation
The SCO itself is positioned as a framework for cooperation among non-Western powers:
Asian Power Concept: China and Russia have a shared desire for India to integrate into the concept of Asian power rather than functioning solely as a US ally.
Addressing Global Issues: The declaration demonstrated regional alignment on international issues by affirming the 2015 Iran Nuclear Agreement and cautioning against reinterpretation of the relevant UN resolution, as well as condemning American and Israeli attacks on Iran.
Geopolitical Strategies of SCO Against Western Hegemony
The fundamental geopolitical strategy adopted by the key SCO members, notably China and Russia, is one of resistance to Western supremacy and power politics.
Goals and Rhetorical Strategy:
Opposing US Power: The SCO The discussion of geopolitical strategy within the sources centers on the actions and objectives of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) nations, primarily China and Russia, in direct opposition to the United States (US) and its strategic alliances.The Strategy of Counter-Hegemony (SCO, China, and Russia)is viewed as a powerful organization positioned in opposition to the United States (US) and its Western allies. US President Trump’s core slogan is identified as the attempt to suppress China’s rising power.
Challenging the “World Order”: Chinese President Xi Jinping directly criticized international actions, stating that “hooliganism and threatening behavior in the name of the World Order is deplorable,” with the sources noting this was a clear reference to the US.
Call for Collective Resistance: Xi urged SCO member states to rise against the “supremacy and politics of power” employed by the West.
Strategic Methods:
Alliance Building: The SCO strategy emphasizes internal cohesion by calling on members to “put aside mutual differences,” promote consensus, and establish strategic communication while respecting those differences.
Economic Differentiation: Chinese leadership bears the primary responsibility for finding “new paths for economic cooperation” among member states. This strategic goal is intended to foster better assistance and development opportunities within the Asian alliance, providing a counter-narrative to the “Trump approach”.
The Strategic Battle for India’s Alignment
A central component of the current geopolitical strategy involves securing India’s alignment, shifting it away from its historical US alliance and integrating it into the concept of “Asian power”.
Push from China and Russia: China and Russia share a common desire for India to align more closely with them rather than solidifying its status as a US ally.
Leveraging US Tariffs: The strategy benefited from the US imposition of a 50% tariff on India under President Trump, which caused a significant cooling of relations between India (long considered the US’s closest ally) and the US.
Chinese Diplomacy (Strategic Partnership): President Xi Jinping executed a diplomatic strategy aimed at neutralizing bilateral disputes. He acknowledged existing border disputes but insisted that these issues “should not dominate the overall relationship” or hold trade relations hostage. Instead, he proposed that China and India should view each other as partners for success, aiming to increase their trade volume. This cooperation was likened to the “shared dance of the dragon and the elephant”.
Indian Response: Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi confirmed this strategic shift by emphasizing strategic relations and cooperation with China, insisting these ties should not be viewed through the lens of a “third country”.
The US Strategy of Containment (The QUAD)
The US geopolitical strategy has historically focused on containment of China, primarily through the QUAD grouping:
Containment Goal: The US, Australia, Japan, and India are part of the QUAD, which is specifically designed for the “containment of China”. The group aims to coordinate actions if any issue arises concerning Taiwan.
Strategic Failure/Suspension: The sources indicate that the “shortsightedness” of US President Trump has effectively “suspended” the QUAD. The loss of enthusiasm led to the cancellation of his attendance at the November QUAD meeting hosted by India.
Regional Security Strategy and Consensus
SCO member states utilized the summit to achieve a unified strategy on shared security concerns, particularly terrorism:
Anti-Proxy Warfare: The joint declaration asserted a collective strategic position that the use of terrorist groups as political tools or proxies is unacceptable.
Shared Condemnation: Despite long-standing hostilities between India and Pakistan, the summit achieved a strategic consensus by officially condemning terrorism and including specific demands from both nations in the communiqué (condemnation of the Pahalgam incident for India, and the Jaffar Express and Khuzdar attacks for Pakistan). A demand was also included to bring the patrons of these terrorist acts to justice.
Afghanistan Stability: A joint strategic demand was made for the establishment of a government in Afghanistan that includes representatives from all political and ethnic groups to ensure lasting peace.
Middle East Alignment: The communiqué also demonstrated regional strategic alignment by condemning American and Israeli attacks on Iran, and affirming the 2015 Iran Nuclear Agreement while cautioning against reinterpretation of the relevant UN resolution.
انسانوں کے نام د لیسن اف ایس سی او سمٹ شنگھائی تعاون تنظیم ایس سی او کا قیام 2001 میں چینی شہر شنگھائی کے مقام پر ہوا جس میں چائنہ اور رشیا کے علاوہ کازکستان تاجکستان اور کرگستان شامل تھے پاکستان اور انڈیا 10 جولائی 2015 کو اس میں شامل ہوئے اس تنظیم کا حالیہ 25واں سربراہی اجلاس چائنہ کے شہر تیانجن میں ہوا جو تنظیم کی تاریخ کا سب سے بڑا اجلاس تھا اس میں 20 ممالک کے سربران شریک ہوئے اس اجلاس کی خاص خاص بات یہ تھی کہ اس میں انڈین پرائم منسٹر نریندر مودی خود بنفس نفیس شریک ہوئے اس سے پہلے وہ اپنے نمائندوں کو بھیجتے رہے ہیں یوں وہ سات برس بعد چائنہ یاترا پر ائے شنگھائی تعاون تنظیم کی سمٹ میں مودی کی امد اس لیے بھی اہمیت کی حامل تھی کہ حالیہ دنوں امریکی پریزیڈنٹ ٹرمپ نے انڈیا پر جو 50 فیصد ٹیرف لگایا ہے اس سے انڈیا اور امریکہ کے تعلقات میں اچھی خاصی سرد مہری اگئی ہے انڈیا کو امریکہ کے قریب ترین اتحادی مانا جاتا رہا ہے جبکہ شنگائی تعاون تنظیم کو ایک طرح سے امریکہ اور اس کے مغربی اتحادیوں کے بالمقابل طاقتور تنظیم کی حیثیت سے پیش کیا جاتا ہے۔ امریکی پریزیڈنٹ ٹرمپ کا بنیادی سلوگن یہ ہے کہ چائنہ کی ابھرتی طاقت کو کسی بھی طرح دبایا جائے۔ یہی وجہ ہے کہ انہوں نے انتانجن سمٹ کو ناپسند کرتے ہوئے اسے بہت نمائشی کاروائی قرار دیا ہے۔ چائنہ اور رشیا کی مشترکہ خواہش رہی ہے کہ انڈیا امریکی اتحادی بننے کی بجائے زیادہ سے زیادہ ان کی قربت میں اتے ہوئے ایشیائی طاقت کا حصہ بنے۔ جیسے کہ چینی پریزیڈنٹ شی جنن پنگ نے اس اہم ترین موقع پر خطاب کرتے ہوئے کہا ہے کہ ورلڈ ارڈر کے نام پر گنڈا گردی اور دھمکی امیز رویہ قابل مذمت ہے۔ اس میں اگرچہ انہوں نے امریکہ کا نام نہیں لیا لیکن ان کا اشارہ واضح تھا۔ چینی پریزیڈنٹ نے مغرب پر تنقید کرتے ہوئے یہ بھی کہا کہ ہمیں اس کی بالادستی اور طاقت کی سیاست کے خلاف اٹھ کھڑے ہونا چاہیے۔ انہوں نے مزید کہا کہ شنگائی تعاون تنظیم کے رکن ممالک کو چاہیے کہ وہ باہمی اختلافات کو پس پشت ڈال کر باہمی اتفاق رائے کو فروغ دیں۔ ایک دوسرے کے دوست اور پارٹنر بنیں۔ صدر شی کا کہنا تھا کہ باہمی اختلافات کا احترام کام کرتے ہوئے تضویراتی رابطے قائم کریں۔ اس سلسلے میں صدر شی نے انڈیا چائنہ تعلقات کی مثال دیتے ہوئے کہا کہ مشرق میں ہم دو قدیم ترین تہذیبیں ہیں۔ سب سے بڑی ابادی والی اقوام جو دو ارب 80 کروڑ عوام پر مشتمل ہیں۔ بلاشبہ ہمارے سرحدی تنازعات بھی ہیں لیکن ان معاملات کو ہمارے مجموعی تعلقات پر حاوی نہیں ہونا چاہیے۔ ہم ایک دوسرے کی کامیابی کے لیے اچھے پارٹنر ہیں۔ ہم اپنے تجارتی تعلقات کے حجم کو مزید بڑھانا چاہتے ہیں۔ ڈریگن اور ہاتھی کے مشترکہ رقص کی طرح تعاون و اتحاد ضروری ہے۔ رشن شن پریزیڈنٹ ولادیمیر پیوٹن نے سنگائی تعاون تنظیم کے سربراہی اجلاس سے خطاب کرتے ہوئے ناروہ طور پر یوکرین پر اپنے ناجائز حملے کی مدافت کرتے ہوئے کہا کہ مغرب کی جانب سے یوکرین کو نیٹو میں شامل کرنے کی مستقل کوششیں یوکرینی تندے کی اہم وجوہات میں سے ایک ہیں جو رشیا کی سلامتی کے لیے براہ راست خطرہ بنتی ہیں حالانکہ انہوں نے یہ حمزہ قطعی ناجائز کیا ہے پاکستانی پرائم منسٹر شہباز شریف نے اس بات پر زور دیا کہ ہم اپنے ہمسایوں سے معمول کے تعلقات چاہتے ہیں جبکہ انڈین پرائم منسٹر نے اتنکواد یا ٹیررزم کی بھرپور مذمت کی۔ یوں جو مشترکہ علامیہ جاری ہوا اس میں تقریبا تمام رکن ممالک کے مطالبات یا تقاضوں کو پیش نظر رکھتے ہوئے کسی ایک پر الزام لگانے یا نام لینے کی بجائے ایک عمومی بات کی گئی۔ اس میں جہاں پاکستان کے مطالبہ پر جعفر ایکسپریس اور خزدار حملے کی مذمت کی گئی وہیں بھارتی مطالبے پر سانعہ پہلگام کی دہشتگردی کو قابل مذمت قرار دیا گیا۔ جن کے سرپرستوں کو کٹہرے میں لانے کا مطالبہ کیا گیا۔ 2015 کے ایران جوہری معاہدے کی توثیق کی گئی۔ تھی اس کے خلاف یو این قرارداد کی دوبارہ تشریح پر خبردار کیا گیا غزہ میں شہری علاکتوں کا سبب بننے والے اقدامات اور ایران پر امریکی اسرائیلی حملوں کی بھی مذمت کی گئی افغانستان میں پائدارمن کے لیے تمام سیاسی و نسلی گروہوں کے نمائندوں کی شمولیت سے حکومت کے قیام کا مطالبہ کیا گیا دہشت گرد گروہوں کو سیاسی یا پروکسیز کی حیثیت سے استعمال کرنا ناقابل قبول قرار دیا گیا مجموعی طور پر شنگائی تعاون تنظیم کے سربراہی اجلاس کا علامیہ بڑی حد تک متوازن قرار دیا جا سکتا ہے اگلی بات اقتصادی دی حوالے سے رکن ممالک میں تعاون کی مختلف راہیں تراشنا ہے جس کی سب سے بڑی ذمہ داری خود چینی قیادت پر عائد ہوتی ہے تاکہ ٹرمپ اپروچ کے بالمقابل ایشیائی اتحاد میں بہتر معاونت اور ترقی کے مواقع پیدا ہو سکیں جس طرح پریزیڈنٹ شی نے چائنہ اور انڈیا کو حریف کی بجائے حلیف قرار دیا اسی طرح پرائم منسٹر مودی نے سرحدی اختلاف کے باوجود چائنہ انڈیا سٹریٹیجک ریلیشنز اور تعاون پر زور دیتے ہوئے کہا کہ ان تعلقات کو کسی تیسرے ملک کی نظر سے نہیں دیکھا جانا چاہیے۔ دیکھا جائے تو یہ انڈیا کی مجبوری ہے۔ پچھلی ربع صدی انڈیا امریکی اتحادی کی حیثیت سے چائنہ مخالف گردانہ جاتا رہا ہے۔ 62 کی خوفناک جنگ کے بعد 2020 میں دونوں ممالک کے درمیان گلوان ویلی کی سرحدی جھڑپیں بھی ہو چکی ہیں۔ امریکہ اسٹریلیا جاپان سے مل کر انڈیا اسکواڈ کا حصہ ہے جس کا مدع ہی چائنہ کا گھراؤ ہے تاکہ تائیوان پر کسی نوع کا کوئی ایشو پیدا ہو تو مشترکہ اقدامات اٹھائے جا سکیں۔ لیکن ٹرمپ کی ناقبت اندیشی نے بالفعل کوڈ کو ہی معطل کر ڈالا ہے۔ نومبر میں اس کا جو اجلاس بھارتی میزبانی میں ہونے جا رہا تھا موجودہ حالات میں اس کی گرمجوشی اتنی ختم ہو چکی ہے کہ ٹرمپ کو اپنا یہ دورہ منسوخ کرنا پڑا ہے۔ حالیہ تیانجن سمٹ کا ایک فائدہ یہ ہوا ہے کہ اسی سال جون میں چائنہ کے اندر جو کانفرنس منعقد ہوئی تھی اس نے سانعہ تہلگام کی مذمت کو اپنے اعلامیہ میں شامل کرنے سے انکار کر دیا تھا۔ اسی وجہ سے انڈین ڈیفنس منسٹر راجداد بغیر دستخط کیے کانفرنس کو ادھورا چھوڑ کر واپس اگئے۔ جبکہ اس مرتبہ انڈیا کے اس مطالبے کو باضابطہ طور پر یانجن سمٹ علامیہ کا حصہ بنایا گیا ہے۔ سفارت کار حالیہ تیانجن سمٹ سے یہ توقو کر رہے تھے کہ شاید شہباز مودی ملاقات یا کم از کم شیک ہینڈ کی کوئی صورت نکل ائے لیکن باوجود یہ نہ ہو سکا درویش کو اس موقع پر وہ تاریخی لمحات یاد ائے جب کشیدگی کی ایسی ہی فضا میں سار کانفرنس منعقد ہوئی جس سے پاکستانی پریزیڈنٹ جنرل پرویز مشرف نے خطاب کرنے کے بعد داعش سے واپس جانے کی بجائے سامنے سے گزرتے ہوئے اسٹیج پر تشریف فرما پرائم منسٹر واجپائی کے روبرو جا پہنچے اور ان کی طرف ہاتھ بڑھایا واجپائی حیرت کے باوجود ایک دم اٹھے اور گرم جوشی سے ان کا سواگت کیا۔ یوں مصافہ کی عالمی سطح پر خوب چرچا ہوئی اور باہمی منافعت کی برف کچھ نہ کچھ پگھلی۔ ویسے تو ہمارے بلند پرواز انڈیا سے مذاکات اور بات چیت کی دہائی ہر عالمی پلیٹ فارم پر دیتے ہیں لیکن بالفعل ان کے اندر ڈکٹیٹر جنرل پرویز مشرف جتنا جگرا بھی نہیں ہے یا شاید وہ اپنے ارمی چیف کے دباؤ میں تھے جو اس کانفرنس میں انوکھی مسائل قائم کرتے ہوئے شامل ہوئے۔ حالانکہ دیگر 20 ممالک کی قیادتوں میں سے کسی ایک کے ساتھ بھی ان کا ارمی چیف یا ایسا کوئی اہتمام نہیں تھا اور اس سے پاکستان کی ڈیموکریسی کا اندازہ کیا جا سکتا ہے۔ وہ جس طرح پیوٹن کو سامنے گزرتے دیکھ کر ہاتھ ملانے کے لیے ترستی ہوئی نظروں سے دیکھتے ہوئے اگے بڑھے جس کا کچھ حاصل بھی نہ تھا۔ کیونکہ اسی پیوٹن کو بعد ازام وہ یہ کہتے پائے گئے کہ ہمیں معلوم ہے اپ انڈیا کے قریبی متر یا دوست ہیں۔ لیکن ہم بھی اپ سے اچھے تعلقات کے خواہاں ہیں۔ حالانکہ وہ ٹرمپ جس کی نوبل پرائز کے لیے اپ بڑے فخر سے نامزدگی کر رہے ہیں اور اسرائیل کی طرح عالمی سطح پہ سفاشات بھیج رہے ہیں وہ ٹرمپ نریندر مودی سے اس وجہ سے نالہ ہے کہ تم پیوٹن سے تیل کیوں خرید رہے ہو شاید ہمارا بلند برواد بھی تھوڑا روسی تیل منگوانا چاہتا ہے یا خود کو سابق کھلاڑی کی طرح عالمی لیڈر دکھانا یا منوانا چاہتا ہے اپ ایک طرف ٹرمپ کے قصیدے پڑھتے نہیں تھکتے ہو دوسری طرف پوٹن سے ہاتھ بلانے کے لیے قومی وقار کا بھی کوئی پاس و لحاظ نہیں کر رہے ہو جبکہ اپ خالصا قومی مفاد میں سوچیں تو انڈیا دشمنی کا خاتمہ 25 کروڑ پاکستانی عوام کے زیادہ مفاد میں ہے اور اسی دشمنی کی وجہ سے ہمارے جمہوریت اور عوامی مفادات داؤ پر لگے ہوئے ہیں۔ اس سلسلے میں اپ لوگوں کو چینی پریزیڈنٹ شی جن پنگ کی سنگھائی تعاون تنظیم کے سربرائی اجلاس میں کی گئی تقریر اور بعد ازاں انڈیا کے متعلق ان کے اظہار خیال سے بہت کچھ سیکھنے کی ضرورت ہے۔ یہ کہ شدید ترین سرحدی تنازعات کے باوجود ان معاملات کو مجموعی تعلقات پر حاوی نہیں ہونا چاہیے۔ تجارتی تعلقات کو ان تنگناؤں کا اسیر نہیں بننا چاہیے۔ یہی سبق ہے اس کانفرنس کا۔
Reading is one of the most transformative activities a person can undertake. Whether it’s immersing yourself in a gripping novel or diving deep into thought-provoking non-fiction, books provide opportunities to explore new worlds, develop skills, and expand your horizons. In an age where digital distractions often compete for our attention, the ability to engage with books becomes both a challenge and a powerful tool for personal growth.
Books offer more than just stories—they shape how we think, feel, and interact with the world. Studies have consistently shown that reading enhances cognitive function, builds empathy, and promotes mental resilience. Regular reading has been linked to improved mental health by offering readers an escape from stress and giving them a fresh perspective on life’s challenges. Just like any muscle, our brain benefits from this consistent intellectual exercise, sharpening memory and improving concentration.
Despite the undeniable benefits, many people struggle to cultivate regular reading habits. The key lies in developing intentional reading strategies that not only enrich your mind but also fit seamlessly into your daily routine. This blog will explore three essential benefits of reading—better vocabulary, enhanced communication skills, and stress relief—and offer insights on how to develop these advantages for lifelong success.
A rich vocabulary is not just about knowing fancy words—it directly influences your ability to communicate ideas effectively. Reading exposes you to new words in context, allowing you to understand their meanings naturally without needing a dictionary. Research from the Journal of Literacy Research suggests that frequent exposure to books improves not only vocabulary size but also word comprehension, which translates into more precise communication in daily conversations. This skill becomes particularly beneficial in academic and professional environments, where clear expression is essential.
Moreover, reading different genres expands your linguistic range, introducing you to specialized terms, idiomatic expressions, and diverse writing styles. Whether you’re reading fiction, non-fiction, or poetry, each genre contributes to vocabulary growth by presenting new ways to articulate thoughts and ideas. This accumulated knowledge ultimately becomes a lifelong asset, helping readers engage more confidently in conversations and professional settings.
Keywords: better vocabulary, language skills, communication, reading benefits
2. Better Communication Skills: Sharpening the Art of Expression
Communication is one of the most critical skills in today’s interconnected world, and reading serves as a powerful tool to refine it. Through books, readers absorb well-crafted sentences and coherent ideas, learning how to express thoughts clearly and persuasively. This habit enhances both written and verbal communication, as readers internalize grammar patterns, syntax, and storytelling techniques that can be applied in real-life interactions.
In addition, reading encourages empathy by immersing readers in the character’s emotions and experiences, which translates into better interpersonal skills. Psychologist Keith Oatley, in The Psychology of Fiction, argues that narratives foster emotional intelligence by helping readers understand perspectives different from their own. This empathy enhances active listening and thoughtful conversation, essential elements for building meaningful relationships.
Keywords: communication skills, reading benefits, empathy, emotional intelligence
Reading provides more than just knowledge—it offers a powerful way to manage stress. Engaging with a well-written novel or a thought-provoking article can transport your mind away from daily worries, creating a mental escape. Research from the University of Sussex found that just six minutes of reading can reduce stress levels by up to 68%, outperforming activities such as listening to music or going for a walk. This relaxation effect not only enhances mental well-being but also improves focus and productivity.
The act of reading requires mindfulness, drawing your attention away from anxieties and grounding you in the present moment. This meditative quality of books helps readers unwind and regain emotional balance, making reading an effective tool for self-care. Whether it’s a bedtime story, a weekend novel, or a quick morning read, developing this habit offers sustainable stress relief in a fast-paced world.
The benefits of reading extend far beyond entertainment, impacting critical areas of life such as vocabulary, communication, and mental well-being. As readers encounter new words, they strengthen their ability to convey ideas with precision. Similarly, reading sharpens communication skills by exposing people to a variety of perspectives, ultimately fostering empathy and emotional intelligence. Beyond cognitive growth, books also serve as a sanctuary for the mind, offering relief from the stress of daily life.
Developing a consistent reading habit takes time, but the rewards are immense. Start small, explore genres that spark your interest, and gradually build a reading routine that fits your lifestyle. Remember, it’s not about how many books you finish but how deeply they resonate with you. As the philosopher Francis Bacon once said, “Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.” The key is to unlock the full potential of reading, making it a lifelong source of enrichment and joy.
Keywords: reading benefits, personal growth, communication skills, mental well-being
4. Depression Relief: Finding Solace Between the Pages
Books have the unique ability to transport readers to different realities, offering much-needed relief from emotional struggles. For individuals battling depression, reading serves as a valuable tool for escaping feelings of isolation. Bibliotherapy, the use of books for therapeutic purposes, has gained recognition for helping individuals process emotions by relating to characters and narratives. Immersing oneself in fiction or self-help books can restore a sense of belonging, offering companionship when life feels lonely.
Moreover, studies show that reading promotes emotional regulation by reducing rumination, and the repetitive thought patterns associated with depression. Non-fiction books that provide motivational insights or coping strategies further equip readers with tools to combat depressive symptoms. As British author C.S. Lewis once said, “We read to know that we are not alone.” Books remind readers that even in their darkest moments, they are connected to a broader human experience.
5. Health Benefits: Reading as Medicine for the Mind and Body
Beyond emotional relief, reading benefits physical health by stimulating brain activity and reducing stress. Studies indicate that regular reading helps lower heart rate and blood pressure, acting as a natural stress reducer. According to research from the Mayo Clinic, relaxation activities such as reading can reduce the body’s cortisol levels, promoting overall cardiovascular health. Engaging with a good book not only relaxes the mind but also creates a physiological state conducive to better well-being.
Reading also triggers neural connectivity, exercising multiple areas of the brain, including those responsible for comprehension, imagination, and memory. This cognitive stimulation serves as mental fitness, much like physical exercise benefits the body. The resulting mental clarity and relaxation contribute to a healthier lifestyle, making reading an effective preventive measure against stress-related illnesses.
Keywords: health benefits, stress reduction, brain stimulation, cardiovascular health
6. Slowing Cognitive Decline: Mental Fitness for Aging Minds
As people age, cognitive decline becomes a pressing concern, but reading offers an effective way to slow this process. Studies published in Neurology have shown that seniors who engage in reading and other mentally stimulating activities experience slower rates of cognitive decline compared to those who do not. Regular reading keeps the mind sharp, enhancing memory retention and problem-solving skills—abilities that tend to weaken with age.
Experts emphasize that reading can also reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease by building a cognitive reserve. Similar to how physical exercise strengthens muscles, reading exercises the brain, promoting neuroplasticity—the brain’s ability to adapt and reorganize itself. Whether it’s solving puzzles, reading newspapers, or enjoying novels, maintaining this habit fosters mental agility, helping seniors remain independent and engaged throughout their golden years.
Conclusion: Strengthening Mind and Body Through Reading
Reading is not just a hobby—it’s a powerful ally in fostering mental, emotional, and physical well-being. For those struggling with depression, books offer comfort and an escape from isolation, helping them reconnect with the world. Similarly, reading provides tangible health benefits by reducing stress levels, regulating blood pressure, and promoting relaxation. As a lifelong habit, reading also protects against age-related cognitive decline, ensuring that the mind stays sharp well into old age.
Incorporating reading into your daily routine can unlock these transformative benefits. Whether it’s immersing yourself in fiction, exploring non-fiction, or diving into research journals, the key is to stay consistent. As the philosopher Mortimer Adler suggests in How to Read a Book, “The best way to learn is by reading.” By making reading a regular part of life, individuals can enjoy better mental health, improved physical well-being, and a more fulfilled existence at any stage of life.
7. Makes You More Tolerant: Embracing Diversity Through Stories
Fiction offers more than just entertainment; it broadens our perspectives by introducing us to diverse cultures, lifestyles, and ideas. Stories set in unfamiliar places or featuring characters with experiences vastly different from our own can reshape our worldview, making us more open-minded. Studies published in Science indicate that readers of literary fiction show an increased capacity for social perception and emotional intelligence, both of which foster tolerance. Through reading, people develop an understanding of the complexities behind various social issues, challenging stereotypes and biases.
Books expose us to ethical dilemmas, cultural differences, and marginalized voices, encouraging us to view the world through others’ eyes. This enhanced understanding makes it easier to appreciate others’ experiences without judgment, even when they differ from our own. As writer Jhumpa Lahiri says, “That’s the thing about books. They let you travel without moving your feet.” Through stories, readers cultivate patience, acceptance, and respect for differences, contributing to a more inclusive society.
Keywords: tolerance, diversity, cultural awareness, social perception, empathy
8. Improves Memory: Sharpening the Mind with Stories
Reading is an excellent exercise for memory retention, as it requires us to track plotlines, characters, and intricate details. Engaging with a narrative strengthens the brain’s ability to store and retrieve information. When you follow a story, your mind works to remember characters, events, and relationships, which enhances cognitive function. Research published in the Journal of Psychology and Aging shows that regular reading improves working memory and helps slow down age-related memory decline.
Moreover, reading encourages the brain to form neural connections that aid in long-term memory formation. Similar to the way puzzles stimulate the brain, recalling plot developments reinforces mental acuity. Whether you enjoy mysteries, historical novels, or scientific journals, each reading session serves as a mental workout, training your brain to retain information and recall it with precision over time.
9. Makes It Easier to Empathize: Building Emotional Awareness Through Reading
Books provide unparalleled opportunities to step into someone else’s world and understand their emotions and struggles. When readers engage with well-developed characters, they experience the characters’ feelings vicariously, which strengthens their ability to empathize. Psychologist Raymond Mar, in his study on fiction and empathy, found that frequent readers of fiction perform better on tests measuring empathy and social understanding. This emotional engagement translates into real-life scenarios, making it easier to connect with others on a deeper level.
Reading helps develop the “theory of mind,” the capacity to understand that other people have beliefs, desires, and emotions different from one’s own. Whether it’s a coming-of-age novel, a memoir, or a historical narrative, stories offer valuable insights into the human experience. This empathy makes readers more attuned to others’ needs, improving relationships and promoting compassion in everyday interactions.
Keywords: empathy, emotional intelligence, social understanding, theory of mind
Reading enriches not only the intellect but also the heart, fostering tolerance, improving memory, and enhancing empathy. By encountering diverse perspectives through stories, readers learn to embrace differences, becoming more understanding and open-minded individuals. At the same time, the mental challenge of following plots and remembering details sharpens memory, preparing the brain for lifelong cognitive resilience. Books also deepen emotional awareness by encouraging readers to walk in others’ shoes, promoting empathy and compassion in relationships.
Incorporating reading into your daily life is not just an exercise in knowledge—it’s a way to grow emotionally and mentally. Whether you choose fiction or non-fiction, biographies or fantasy novels, the stories you read have the power to shape who you become. As novelist, George R.R. Martin wisely remarked, “A reader lives a thousand lives before he dies. The man who never reads lives only one.” By making reading a habit, you unlock not only a wealth of knowledge but also the emotional depth to connect with the world meaningfully.
10. Makes You Happier: Lifting Your Mood Through Reading
Reading is more than just an intellectual pursuit—it’s a simple yet effective way to boost your mood. Studies published in Social Indicators Research reveal that people who read regularly report higher levels of happiness and life satisfaction. This is partly because reading offers an escape from daily stressors, providing a space for relaxation and personal enjoyment. Whether it’s indulging in your favorite novel, browsing through a magazine, or exploring new ideas in non-fiction, taking time to read can brighten your day and foster a sense of contentment.
Additionally, reading stimulates the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward. This explains why losing yourself in a captivating story can make you feel invigorated and uplifted. The act of reading creates small moments of joy, turning it into a sustainable self-care habit. As author Dr. Seuss once said, “You can find magic wherever you look. Sit back and relax, all you need is a book.”
Keywords: happiness, mood improvement, self-care, relaxation, life satisfaction
11. Improves Imagination: Fueling Creativity and Visualization
Reading acts as a mental canvas, sparking the imagination by encouraging readers to visualize scenes, characters, and settings. Each page offers an opportunity to create entire worlds within the mind, stimulating creativity. Fiction, in particular, requires readers to actively picture events as they unfold, making it a powerful tool for developing imaginative thinking. This mental imagery extends beyond storytelling, as it strengthens the ability to think creatively in real-life situations.
Moreover, engaging with diverse narratives helps readers explore possibilities beyond their immediate experiences, cultivating out-of-the-box thinking. Imagination isn’t just for artists and writers—it’s an essential skill for problem-solving, innovation, and emotional resilience. Books train the brain to generate mental simulations, enhancing visualization skills and fostering creativity that can be applied across personal and professional settings.
12. Improves Analytical Skills: Sharpening the Mind Through Stories
Reading hones analytical thinking by challenging readers to follow plots, connect ideas, and anticipate outcomes. Every narrative presents clues and twists, inviting readers to make predictions and analyze the motives of the characters. This process strengthens problem-solving abilities by training the brain to organize, compare, and interpret information effectively. Research published in Reading Research Quarterly highlights that readers who engage deeply with complex stories demonstrate enhanced analytical and critical thinking skills.
In addition to fiction, non-fiction books also develop analytical prowess by exposing readers to different arguments, facts, and viewpoints. Analytical thinking extends beyond books, improving decision-making and planning in everyday life. From solving mysteries in novels to breaking down scientific theories, reading cultivates mental discipline that equips readers to tackle challenges logically and methodically.
Conclusion: Reading as a Gateway to Happiness and Growth
The joy of reading goes beyond entertainment, offering mental and emotional benefits that enrich our daily lives. Reading makes us happier by providing moments of relaxation and pleasure, allowing us to escape stress and boost our mood. It also expands the imagination, encouraging us to visualize stories and develop creative solutions in our personal and professional endeavors. Furthermore, reading strengthens analytical skills, sharpening our ability to interpret information, solve problems, and think critically.
By cultivating the habit of reading, you unlock multiple pathways to personal growth and fulfillment. As novelist J.K. Rowling noted, “Words are, in my not-so-humble opinion, our most inexhaustible source of magic.” Books offer the magic of happiness, creativity, and insight, all within reach of those who take the time to explore them. Whether it’s fiction or non-fiction, reading has the power to shape your mind, elevate your mood, and prepare you for life’s challenges.
Keywords: happiness, imagination, analytical skills, personal growth, critical thinking
13. Encourages Inclusivity: Fostering Open-Mindedness Through Stories
Books serve as bridges between cultures, offering readers the chance to engage with perspectives and life experiences that differ from their own. Whether it’s a novel set in an unfamiliar culture or a memoir that explores marginalized identities, reading fosters inclusivity by challenging biases and broadening the reader’s understanding of others. Through stories, readers learn to embrace different viewpoints, developing an appreciation for diversity and fostering empathy toward those from different backgrounds.
Incorporating books that represent varied voices into your reading routine helps cultivate a mindset of acceptance and respect. This exposure makes it easier to dismantle stereotypes and encourages an inclusive approach to life. As American author Maya Angelou once said, “We all should know that diversity makes for a rich tapestry, and we must understand that all the threads of the tapestry are equal in value.” By reading widely, individuals can nurture the spirit of inclusivity, both in thought and action.
Keywords: inclusivity, diversity, empathy, cultural awareness, open-mindedness
14. Expands Your Thought Process: Broadening Mental Horizons
Reading stimulates critical thinking by exposing readers to new ideas, perspectives, and problems that require reflection. Whether it’s non-fiction that presents real-world concepts or fiction that explores philosophical themes, books encourage the development of a flexible thought process. This mental exercise improves decision-making, enhances problem-solving, and fosters the ability to think independently. By engaging with multiple viewpoints, readers learn to analyze complex topics from different angles and form well-rounded opinions.
Non-fiction, in particular, offers valuable insights into real-life subjects such as science, history, or psychology, allowing readers to build a deeper understanding of the world around them. Books that present contrasting ideas further enhance critical thinking by challenging assumptions and encouraging intellectual growth. This expanded thought process equips readers to approach personal and professional challenges with creativity, confidence, and clarity.
Keywords: thought process, critical thinking, problem-solving, intellectual growth, decision-making
15. Teaches You Facts: Gaining Knowledge Across Disciplines
Books, especially non-fiction, are treasure troves of knowledge that cover a wide range of topics—from ancient history to modern finance. Reading non-fiction not only enhances your understanding of specific subjects but also equips you with facts that can be applied to real-life situations. Whether it’s learning about historical events, understanding economic theories, or exploring psychological insights, non-fiction expands your intellectual toolkit. This accumulation of knowledge builds expertise and boosts confidence in conversations and decision-making.
In addition, books offer reliable, well-researched information that helps readers develop critical media literacy, teaching them how to discern facts from misinformation. As American historian Daniel J. Boorstin aptly stated, “The greatest obstacle to discovery is not ignorance—it is the illusion of knowledge.” Reading books across various subjects provides readers with a foundation of facts that helps them make informed decisions and engage meaningfully with the world.
Keywords: knowledge, non-fiction, media literacy, real-world learning, intellectual growth
Conclusion: Embracing the Power of Knowledge and Open-Mindedness
Reading is a transformative practice that nurtures inclusivity, expands mental horizons, and provides factual knowledge across disciplines. Books allow us to engage with different cultures and viewpoints, promoting tolerance and empathy. At the same time, reading broadens our thought processes by exposing us to new ideas and sharpening critical thinking skills. Non-fiction books, in particular, offer practical knowledge that helps readers navigate the complexities of life with confidence and insight.
Developing a reading habit enriches the mind and soul, preparing individuals to thrive in a diverse, knowledge-driven world. As the novelist Haruki Murakami once wrote, “If you only read the books that everyone else is reading, you can only think what everyone else is thinking.” By reading widely and deeply, individuals cultivate open-mindedness, critical thinking, and intellectual curiosity, equipping themselves for personal growth and lifelong learning.
Keywords: inclusivity, knowledge, critical thinking, personal growth, lifelong learning
16. Helps You Structure Information Better: Organizing Knowledge for Practical Use
Reading non-fiction requires engaging with structured content such as headings, subheadings, bullet points, charts, and graphs. This format trains readers to identify key information and organize it logically, improving their ability to structure knowledge. Developing this skill is especially beneficial in personal and professional settings, where clear organization is essential for tasks like writing reports, managing projects, or planning activities.
As readers become more familiar with the structured presentation of ideas, they learn to break down complex concepts into manageable parts. This process enhances their ability to summarize, prioritize, and retain information efficiently. Whether you’re reading a self-help book or a technical manual, the skills you acquire from interacting with structured content will empower you to organize your thoughts clearly and communicate them effectively.
Keywords: structure, information organization, logical thinking, non-fiction reading, practical skills
17. Longer Life Expectancy: The Longevity Benefits of Reading
Reading books isn’t just an enriching pastime—it’s also linked to a longer life expectancy. A study published in Social Science & Medicine found that individuals who read books regularly lived nearly two years longer than non-readers. The immersive nature of reading books engages the brain deeply, promoting mental stimulation that protects against cognitive decline. Additionally, the relaxation associated with reading lowers stress, contributing to better physical health over time.
Interestingly, the study also noted that books were more effective in promoting longevity than other types of media, such as magazines or newspapers. This suggests that the depth of engagement and cognitive effort required to read books plays a key role in these health benefits. Developing a habit of reading not only enriches the mind but also fosters the kind of mental fitness that supports a longer, healthier life.
Keywords: longevity, life expectancy, reading benefits, mental health, cognitive stimulation
18. Improves Focus: Strengthening Concentration and Mental Discipline
Reading requires sustained attention, making it an excellent exercise for improving focus. Whether it’s a gripping novel or an academic text, following a storyline or argument trains the brain to concentrate for longer periods. For both children and adults, this enhanced focus translates into better academic performance, improved productivity, and greater mental clarity. Research from the Journal of Applied Psychology shows that regular reading improves attention span and reduces susceptibility to distractions.
Books challenge readers to slow down and engage deeply with the content, fostering mindfulness and mental discipline. In a world filled with constant distractions from smartphones and social media, reading offers a rare opportunity to practice uninterrupted focus. This ability to concentrate not only benefits literacy but also extends to other areas of life, such as work, study, and personal projects.
Conclusion: Organizing Your Life, Living Longer, and Staying Focused
Reading offers practical benefits that extend beyond entertainment and knowledge. It trains readers to structure information effectively, enhancing their ability to organize thoughts and communicate with clarity. Furthermore, studies reveal that regular readers enjoy longer life expectancy, thanks to the cognitive stimulation and stress reduction that books provide. In addition to these benefits, reading improves focus and concentration, equipping individuals with the mental discipline needed to succeed in both personal and professional pursuits.
By making reading a daily habit, you unlock these advantages and position yourself for long-term well-being. As American author Henry David Thoreau once wrote, “Books are the treasured wealth of the world and the fit inheritance of generations and nations.” Whether you are looking to organize information better, extend your lifespan, or sharpen your focus, books offer a path toward continuous self-improvement and a richer, more meaningful life.
19. Healthy Entertainment: Relaxing the Mind While Stimulating It
Reading offers a refreshing alternative to passive entertainment like television or scrolling through social media. Unlike screen-based activities, reading actively engages the brain while promoting relaxation, reducing stress, and stimulating mental growth. Fictional stories transport readers to imaginative worlds, while non-fiction provides knowledge, all without overstimulating the senses. As a form of entertainment that encourages mindfulness, reading contributes to a healthier lifestyle, nurturing both mental and emotional well-being.
The immersive nature of reading not only entertains but also fosters long-term benefits such as improved cognitive function and emotional resilience. This makes it a valuable part of daily routines. As author Neil Gaiman says, “Books are the way that we communicate with the dead. They are how humanity has built itself, progressed, made knowledge incremental rather than something that dies with each generation.” Choosing books as a primary source of entertainment offers an enriching experience that enhances both leisure time and personal growth.
20. Better Sleep: Preparing the Mind and Body for Rest
Reading before bedtime can significantly improve sleep quality by calming the mind and signaling the body to prepare for rest. When readers immerse themselves in a book, their focus shifts from everyday stressors, promoting relaxation. This state of mental detachment allows the body to unwind naturally, easing the transition into sleep. A study from the Journal of Sleep Research indicates that individuals who read before bed tend to fall asleep faster and report better sleep quality.
Books, especially fiction, offer an ideal way to disconnect from the digital distractions that often interfere with sleep cycles. The absence of blue light emissions, which are common with screens, makes reading a healthier nighttime activity. Whether you read a few pages of a novel or engage with non-fiction, developing a bedtime reading habit can create a positive sleep routine that fosters deep and restful sleep.
21. Could Prevent Insomnia: A Natural Remedy for Restlessness
Insomnia, often caused by stress or anxiety, disrupts sleep patterns and can affect both mental and physical health. Reading offers a natural remedy by promoting relaxation and increasing serotonin and melatonin levels—hormones essential for sleep regulation. Engaging with a book before bedtime helps to quiet the mind and relieve tension, setting the stage for a peaceful slumber. This soothing activity can break the cycle of overthinking and restlessness, allowing readers to drift off more easily.
Establishing a consistent reading habit at night creates a calming ritual that signals the brain it’s time to wind down. Even just 15-20 minutes of reading can have a profound impact on sleep quality. As the National Sleep Foundation advises, avoiding screens before bed is crucial for healthy sleep, and reading a physical book is an excellent alternative. In this way, reading serves as both a sleep aid and a long-term strategy to prevent chronic insomnia.
Conclusion: Nurturing Well-Being Through Healthy Habits
Reading is not just a source of knowledge but also a powerful tool for improving quality of life. It offers healthy entertainment that stimulates the mind while reducing stress, providing a mindful alternative to screen time. Additionally, reading enhances sleep by calming the mind and body, preparing them for rest. For those struggling with insomnia, it can act as a natural remedy by promoting relaxation and increasing essential sleep-regulating hormones.
Incorporating reading into your daily routine is a simple yet effective way to support mental, emotional, and physical well-being. Whether it’s as a pre-sleep ritual or a source of healthy leisure, books create lasting habits that contribute to better rest, relaxation, and personal fulfillment. As American novelist Louisa May Alcott once remarked, “She is too fond of books, and it has turned her brain.” Indeed, books have the power to reshape not only minds but also lifestyles, leading to better health and happiness.
Reading is a powerful stress reliever that offers a soothing escape from life’s daily pressures. When you become absorbed in a story, your mind detaches from immediate worries, allowing your heart rate and blood pressure to decrease. Studies by the University of Sussex revealed that reading for as little as six minutes can reduce stress levels by up to 68%, making it more effective than other relaxation techniques such as listening to music or taking a walk. The immersive experience of reading encourages a state of calm by engaging the imagination and giving your mind a break from overthinking. Whether you dive into a novel or explore a non-fiction topic, the mental focus required helps ease muscle tension, leaving you feeling refreshed and rejuvenated. Books not only entertain but also promote emotional well-being, making reading an ideal activity for unwinding after a long day. Keywords: stress relief, relaxation, emotional well-being, mental focus, reading benefits Hashtags: #StressReliefWithBooks #ReadAndRelax #BooksForCalm
23. How to Become a Better Reader: Choosing the Right Books
Becoming a better reader begins with selecting books that align with your interests and current needs. Are you in the mood for lighthearted fiction, or do you prefer a thought-provoking non-fiction title? Identifying your motivation—whether it’s entertainment, knowledge, or self-improvement—will help you pick books that keep you engaged. Browsing bestseller lists or asking for recommendations can also point you toward books that suit your taste and reading goals. In addition, explore genres you haven’t tried before. Trying new literary styles, from poetry to memoirs, can broaden your reading experience and deepen your appreciation for diverse writing forms. The more variety you introduce into your reading, the more you train your mind to adapt to different narratives and perspectives, which can help you become a more discerning and confident reader. Keywords: better reader, book selection, reading motivation, diverse genres, reading engagement Hashtags: #BetterReading #PickTheRightBook #ReadWithPurpose
24. Make a Plan: Setting Goals for Long-Term Success
A reading plan can be a game-changer for those who want to develop a consistent reading habit. While it doesn’t have to be rigid or overly structured, setting goals—such as finishing a certain number of books per month or exploring new genres—can provide motivation. Break larger goals into manageable steps, such as reading for 20 minutes a day or focusing on completing one book at a time. These small actions create momentum and help establish reading as a rewarding habit. Tracking your progress is another helpful strategy. Whether you maintain a reading journal or use digital tools like Goodreads, monitoring what you read and reflecting on your takeaways can enhance your reading experience. A flexible plan ensures that reading remains enjoyable and sustainable, rather than becoming a chore. Remember, the goal is not just quantity but quality—it’s about finding joy and growth in every book you read. Keywords: reading plan, habit-building, reading goals, tracking progress, sustainable reading Hashtags: #ReadingPlan #SetReadingGoals #BooksForLife
Conclusion: Reducing Stress and Developing a Reading Strategy Reading is a versatile tool for improving well-being and cultivating personal growth. It provides a much-needed escape from stress, offering relaxation through immersive storytelling and engaging ideas. But to unlock the full potential of reading, it’s important to develop strategies that help you read with purpose and consistency. Choosing the right books based on your current needs and making a flexible reading plan ensures that reading remains both enjoyable and enriching. By building intentional reading habits, you not only reduce stress but also nurture a lifelong love for books. As Stephen King puts it, “Books are a uniquely portable magic.” With the right approach, reading becomes more than just a hobby—it becomes a way to improve your mind, manage stress, and stay motivated to learn and grow. Keywords: reading strategy, stress relief, reading goals, intentional reading, personal growth Hashtags: #ReadForGrowth #StressFreeReading #ReadingGoals
25. Read More Deeply: Embrace the Full Experience
Reading deeply requires slowing down and immersing yourself fully in the text. Skimming or rushing through pages diminishes comprehension and engagement, making it harder to grasp the author’s message. When you notice yourself losing focus, it’s helpful to backtrack and reread sections to absorb important details. Annotating with highlighters, sticky notes, or margin notes is an excellent way to stay engaged, identify key points, and retain critical insights.
Deep reading fosters reflection, encouraging you to connect with the material on a personal level. It allows you to experience the story’s nuances or the underlying arguments in non-fiction. In a fast-paced world, intentional deep reading sharpens comprehension and cultivates patience, making it easier to appreciate the art of storytelling or the intricacies of an argument. As literary scholar Maryanne Wolf notes, “Deep reading… is indistinguishable from deep thinking.”
Keywords: deep reading, comprehension, annotation, reflection, focus
26. Read More Critically: Sharpen Your Analytical Skills
Critical reading involves more than simply understanding words on a page—it challenges readers to question, evaluate, and form opinions about the content. As you read, ask yourself thoughtful questions: What is the author trying to convey? Are there underlying themes or biases? How does the book relate to other works you’ve read? This process sharpens analytical skills, enabling readers to engage with the material on a deeper intellectual level.
Reading critically empowers you to become an active participant rather than a passive consumer. It helps you identify inconsistencies, challenge assumptions, and reflect on the relevance of the content to your life. Whether you’re reading fiction or non-fiction, this analytical approach strengthens critical thinking and fosters a deeper understanding of complex ideas. As Francis Bacon famously said, “Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.”
27. Enhance Your Post-Book Experience: Keep the Journey Going
The journey with a book doesn’t have to end when you reach the last page. Maintaining a reading journal or log allows you to reflect on what you’ve learned, track your progress, and document your thoughts about the book. Writing down key takeaways or memorable quotes helps reinforce your understanding and provides a point of reference for future discussions.
Engaging with online book clubs, attending author events, or following up with additional reading on related topics can further enhance your post-book experience. Revisiting books or discussing them with fellow readers keeps the knowledge fresh and meaningful. As author C.S. Lewis observed, “We read to know we are not alone.” Extending your engagement with books fosters a sense of community and opens new pathways for intellectual exploration.
Keywords: post-book experience, reading journal, reflection, community, book clubs
Conclusion: Deep Reading, Critical Thinking, and Post-Book Engagement
Reading can be a transformative experience when approached with intention and curiosity. Deep reading encourages readers to slow down and absorb the material fully, while critical reading challenges them to think analytically and ask meaningful questions. Both methods cultivate patience, comprehension, and intellectual growth, making reading a richer experience.
However, the reading journey doesn’t stop with the final chapter. Keeping a journal, engaging with literary communities, or exploring related content ensures that books continue to inspire and educate long after they’ve been read. This thoughtful approach makes reading not only an enjoyable activity but also a lifelong pursuit of knowledge and connection. As Margaret Atwood once said, “In the end, we’ll all become stories.” Every book leaves a lasting imprint on the reader’s story through deep, critical, and reflective reading.
Keywords: deep reading, critical thinking, post-book reflection, intellectual growth, literary community
28. Read More Socially: Connect Through Literature
While reading is often seen as a solitary pursuit, it can also be an enriching social activity. Discussing books with others allows you to share insights, gain new perspectives, and deepen your understanding of the text. Joining a book club is one of the best ways to cultivate this social aspect of reading. It creates a supportive environment where members can express their opinions and analyze different aspects of the books they’ve read. Engaging in discussions can lead to lively debates and encourage critical thinking, as well as foster friendships with like-minded individuals.
Participating in literary events or online forums can further enhance your social reading experience. Many platforms allow readers to connect over shared interests, discuss favorite authors, and even explore new genres together. The power of storytelling transcends the individual experience, connecting readers through shared narratives and themes. As author John Green wisely notes, “We are all in this together, and we are all made of stories.” By sharing our reading experiences, we contribute to a broader literary community that celebrates diverse voices and ideas.
Keywords: social reading, book clubs, literary community, shared experiences, discussions
29. Always Have Books Nearby: Cultivating a Reading Habit
One of the simplest ways to encourage a consistent reading habit is to surround yourself with books. Having a variety of reading materials readily accessible—whether on your nightstand, in your bag, or your living room—can inspire spontaneous reading sessions. You never know when you might have a few minutes to spare, and having a book nearby means you’re always prepared to dive into a good story or learn something new.
Creating a book-rich environment promotes reading and sparks curiosity and imagination. The more you see books in your daily life, the more likely you are to pick one up and start reading. Consider implementing a “book jar,” where you can store titles you’d like to explore, or a “currently reading” shelf that showcases your current selections. As author Anne Lamott wisely points out, “A book is a gift you can open repeatedly.” The accessibility of books in your life makes it easier to unwrap that gift anytime you wish.
30. Don’t Be Afraid to Stop Reading a Book You Don’t Like: Prioritize Enjoyment
Many readers feel an obligation to finish every book they start, often leading to frustration and disengagement. However, it’s essential to remember that reading should be an enjoyable and enriching experience. If you find yourself struggling to connect with a book, don’t hesitate to put it down. Instead of seeing it as a failure, consider it an opportunity to choose something that genuinely resonates with you.
Allowing yourself to stop reading a book you don’t enjoy opens the door to discovering new favorites that align better with your interests and mood. It encourages a more fulfilling reading experience and fosters a sense of freedom in your literary journey. Ultimately, as renowned author Neil Gaiman asserts, “Books are a form of power.” Embracing the freedom to choose your reading material is a powerful step toward nurturing a lifelong love of books.
Conclusion: Building a Reading Community and Personalizing Your Experience
Embracing the social aspects of reading can significantly enrich your literary journey. Engaging with book clubs, attending literary events, or simply discussing favorite reads with friends helps cultivate a sense of belonging within the reading community. This shared experience not only deepens your understanding of the material but also creates lasting connections with fellow readers.
Additionally, surrounding yourself with books, being open to leaving unread titles behind, and prioritizing enjoyment are essential components of a fulfilling reading life. By allowing yourself the freedom to choose what to read, you empower your literary journey and create an environment where reading is both enjoyable and rewarding. As you navigate through the world of books, remember the words of C.S. Lewis: “We read to know we are not alone.” Embracing these principles not only enhances your reading experience but also connects you with the broader literary community.
Keywords: reading community, personal reading experience, literary connections, choice, fulfillment
Final Conclusion: The Transformative Power of Reading
The journey through the diverse benefits of reading reveals its profound impact on personal growth, intellectual development, and emotional well-being. From enhancing vocabulary and communication skills to serving as a source of stress relief and joy, books have the unique ability to enrich our lives in countless ways. By cultivating a consistent reading habit, we not only expand our knowledge but also nurture our imagination and creativity, allowing us to engage more deeply with the world around us.
Embracing reading as a social activity, prioritizing enjoyment, and developing critical thinking skills further enhance the experience, making literature a communal endeavor that fosters connection and understanding. Whether through joining a book club, always keeping a book within reach, or allowing ourselves the freedom to stop reading what doesn’t resonate, each choice we make enhances our relationship with literature. As we immerse ourselves in the pages of a book, we embark on a journey of self-discovery, empathy, and connection that lasts a lifetime. Ultimately, reading is not just about words on a page; it’s about the experiences, insights, and relationships that shape who we are. As the great author Maya Angelou beautifully stated, “We may encounter many defeats, but we must not be defeated.” In the realm of books, every reading experience adds to our resilience, wisdom, and joy.
Keywords: reading benefits, personal growth, intellectual development, emotional well-being, literature
Wolf, Maryanne.Proust and the Squid: The Story and Science of the Reading Brain. HarperCollins, 2007. This book explores the cognitive processes involved in reading and how they shape our brains and intellect.
Baker, C. (2013).The Benefits of Reading: A Perspective on Reading and Literacy. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine. This article discusses various advantages of reading for mental health, cognitive development, and overall well-being.
Gaiman, Neil.The View from the Cheap Seats: Selected Nonfiction. William Morrow, 2016. A collection of essays by the acclaimed author that explores the importance of reading and storytelling in shaping human experience.
King, Stephen.On Writing: A Memoir of the Craft. Scribner, 2000. Part memoir, part master class by one of the bestselling authors of all time, this book provides insights into the writing process and the importance of reading in developing writing skills.
Atwood, Margaret.Negotiating with the Dead: A Writer on Writing. Cambridge University Press, 2002. Atwood reflects on the role of writers and the importance of reading in understanding ourselves and the world.
Rosenblatt, Louise.Literature as Exploration. Heinemann, 1995. This seminal work on reader-response theory discusses how readers interact with texts, emphasizing the personal meaning derived from reading.
Vanderslice, Sarah.The New Teacher’s Companion: Practical Wisdom for Succeeding in the Classroom. Stenhouse Publishers, 2008. This book offers insights into creating a positive reading culture in educational settings and the impact of reading on student success.
Morris, William.A Reader’s Manifesto: An Attack on the Growing Pretentiousness in American Literary Prose. HarperCollins, 2003. Morris critiques contemporary literary trends and advocates for the return to deeper, more meaningful reading experiences.
Lamott, Anne.Bird by Bird: Some Instructions on Writing and Life. Anchor Books, 1994. While primarily focused on writing, Lamott’s insights on reading and creativity offer valuable perspectives on how literature can enrich our lives.
Vygotsky, Lev.Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Harvard University Press, 1978. Vygotsky’s theories on cognitive development underscore the importance of language and literature in shaping thought processes and learning.
Hirsch, E.D. Jr.Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know. Houghton Mifflin, 1987. This influential book emphasizes the significance of cultural knowledge gained through reading and its role in effective communication and understanding.
Koss, M. D.Reading, Writing, and the Classroom: The Language of Literature in the Elementary Classroom. Heinemann, 2005. This text examines the interplay between reading and writing in fostering literacy and critical thinking among young learners.
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The source, an excerpt from a YouTube video transcript by , discusses an Israeli airstrike on Hamas targets in Doha, Qatar, and the resulting controversy surrounding U.S. involvement and Qatari sovereignty. The speaker expresses surprise and skepticism that the Hamas leadership survived the attack, suggesting the mission was a success in targeting a key leader and that the U.S., despite its alliance with Qatar, was complicit, evidenced by its large military base in Doha and prior knowledge or assistance in the operation. Furthermore, the transcript outlines the widespread condemnation of the Israeli actions and the immense human cost in Gaza, juxtaposing this with the speaker’s strong criticism of Hamas for prioritizing personal gain and poor governance over the well-being of the Palestinian people, even accusing them of prolonging the conflict for financial reasons. Finally, the discussion extends to regional geopolitical tensions, including warnings to Turkey and an overall critique of Muslim nations’ hypocrisy and failure to unite against injustices, whether in Palestine or elsewhere.
Israel’s Strike on Hamas in Doha: US Involvement and Qatari Trust
The discussion of the Israel-Qatar attack revolves around an Israeli airstrike on a Hamas center in Doha, Qatar, the conflicting reports regarding US involvement, and the implications for Qatar’s national security and diplomatic role.
Details of the Attack and Targets
The source notes that some time after Iran attacked Qatar, Israel conducted an aerial attack (फजाई हमला) on the Hamas center (हमास मरकज) located in Doha, the capital of Qatar.
Casualties: Six individuals were killed: the son of Hamas Chief Khalil ul Haya (खलील उल हया), three guards, and one helper.
Initial Target Assessment: Israel’s primary targets were the Hamas chief and leadership. Initially, it was believed they survived because they were not present at the determined location.
Revised Target Assessment: Later information suggested that the joint mission between President Trump and Benjamin Netanyahu was successful, not a failure, in sending the person they deemed the “ringleader of terrorism” (टेररिज्म का सरगना) to “Haneya’s seat,” implying the successful elimination of a high-value target.
Context: Hamas leadership was gathered in Qatar to consider President Trump’s Gaza ceasefire proposals.
Motivation for the Israeli Strike
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu publicly stated unequivocally (दो टोक) that the attack on Hamas was an immediate response (फरी जवाब) to a Hamas attack that had occurred the previous day in Jerusalem. That Hamas attack resulted in the deaths of five Jews and injuries to about 20 others. Additionally, on the same day, four Israeli soldiers were killed when an Israeli tank was destroyed by a landmine planted by Hamas.
The source also suggests that Israel now attacks any country from which it perceives Hamas receiving assistance or shelter (मामनत), citing examples like Lebanon, Syria, Iran, Iraq, Tunisia, and Yemen.
US Role and Conflicting Accounts
The US connection to the location of the strike is significant, as America’s largest military base (सबसे बड़ा फौजी अड्डा) is located in Doha. The source asserts that it is impossible for such a major operation to occur there without the US being taken into confidence. Furthermore, based on treaties, America is the guarantor of Qatari soil security, but these guarantees fail when the matter concerns Israel.
There are contradictory statements concerning US knowledge and warning regarding the strike:
Israeli Claim: Israeli leadership maintained that they not only took the US into confidence before the attack but that Washington also provided assistance (मदद भी फराहम की) during the attack.
Qatari Claim: Qatar asserted that they were only informed by the US once the attack had already commenced (आगाज हो चुका था).
US Official Stance: President Trump expressed regret over the attack. The White House spokesman stated that Trump disagreed with the attack on the soil of their ally, Qatar, and claimed they had given advance warning to their ally.
The source interprets the attack as having occurred with American cooperation and assistance (तामनो मामनत). It further suggests that the attack was executed following the American President’s final warning to Hamas, meaning Trump himself orchestrated it.
Implications for Qatar and International Reaction
The attack on the soil of Qatar, described as the “closest American ally” (करीब तरीन अमकी इत्तहादी), was deemed to have no justification, unlike targeting Hamas leadership in Iran.
Trust and Dignity: This action risks destabilizing the confidence (एतमाद मुतलजल हो जाएगा) that other friends and allies hold in Qatar’s leadership. The source suggests that this act mocks Qatari dignity, given that the US had previously given Qatar permission to continue its mediating role.
Mediating Role: The attack may render Qatar incapable of performing its crucial mediating role (मसालती रोल) in the future, a role the US had previously urged them to maintain for indirect communication with groups like Hamas and the Taliban.
International Condemnation: Leaders across Europe and the Middle East, particularly the Saudi Crown Prince, condemned the Israeli attack. However, this condemnation is characterized by the source as “hollow” (खोखली मजम्मत) and yielding no result (ला हासिल).
Hamas Leadership Targeted: Doha Strike and Future Threats
The discussion of Hamas leadership targets, according to the sources, focuses on the Israeli aerial strike in Doha, Qatar, the conflicting outcomes reported for the mission, and the warning that future targets may include countries hosting Hamas leaders.
The Attack in Doha
Israel executed an aerial attack (फजाई हमला) on the Hamas center (हमास मरकज) located in Doha, the capital of Qatar.
Primary Target: Israel’s original target (असल टारगेट) was the Hamas chief (हमास सरबराह) and leadership (कयादत).
Context of Presence: Hamas leadership was gathered in Qatar to consider President Trump’s Gaza ceasefire proposals (गजा जंगबंदी तजावीज).
Strike Outcome and Casualties
The reporting on the success of targeting the leadership was initially contradictory:
Initial Assessment (Failure): Initially, it was reported that the Hamas chief and senior leadership survived because they were not present at the determined location (मुतयन मुकाम पर मौजूद ना होने की वजह से बच गए).
Revised Assessment (Success): Later reports suggested that the joint mission orchestrated by President Trump and Benjamin Netanyahu was successful (कामयाब रहा है), not a failure. The goal was to eliminate the person they referred to as the “ringleader of terrorism” (टेररिज्म का सरगना), implying the successful dispatch of a high-value target to “Haneya’s seat”.
Confirmed Casualties: Six individuals were killed in the strike: the son of Hamas Chief Khalil ul Haya (खलील उल हया), three guards, and one helper (मामन).
Official Justification and Future Targets
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu stated unequivocally that the attack on Hamas was an immediate response (फरी जवाब) to a Hamas attack in Jerusalem that occurred the previous day.
The source indicates that Israel now attacks any country from which it perceives Hamas receiving assistance or shelter (मदद या मामनत). Examples of countries that have been targeted include Lebanon, Syria, Iran, Iraq, Tunisia, and Yemen.
The source specifically mentions the potential for Turkey to be the next target. This is because Israel has issued a warning to the Turkish leadership to either immediately expel Hamas leaders (हमास रहनुमाओं को फौरी मुल्क बदर कर दे) or ensure that their security personnel remain at least 150 feet away from Hamas strongholds.
Viewpoints on Hamas Leadership Actions
The leadership of Hamas is criticized within the source material for actions that negatively affect the Palestinian people:
Responsibility for Destruction: The President of the Palestinian Authority, Mahmoud Abbas, used severe language, stating that the Hamas leaders are the “actual responsible parties” (असल जिम्मेदार) for the destruction of the oppressed Palestinian people in Gaza due to their poor governance and personal interests.
Demand to Release Hostages: Abbas urged Hamas leadership to become unarmed (गैर मुसल्ला) and release the Israeli hostages (यरमालियों) to remove Israel’s justification (जवाज) for attacking Gaza.
Financial Accumulation: The source notes the vast personal wealth of Hamas leaders, citing $5.5 billion in assets and personal accounts recorded for Ismail Haniyeh. They question why the leadership “wants to trade their dirty business on the corpses” of the oppressed Palestinian people.
US-Israel Complicity in Doha Attack
The discussion of US-Israel complicity centers on the Israeli aerial attack on the Hamas center in Doha, Qatar, where sources suggest the operation was carried out with American knowledge, assistance, and possibly, direct orchestration.
Claims of Joint Planning and Assistance
The sources present strong evidence and claims pointing toward joint US-Israel planning and operational support:
Joint Action: The initial planning for the attack is described as stemming from “America and Israel’s joint planning (मुश्तरका प्लानिंग)”. Later reports suggested that the joint mission between President Trump and Benjamin Netanyahu was successful in eliminating a high-value target.
Direct Assistance: Israeli leadership claimed that they not only took the US into confidence before the attack but that Washington “provided assistance (मदद भी फराहम की)” during the operation.
Trump’s Orchestration: The source explicitly concludes that the attack occurred with “American cooperation and assistance (अमेरिकी तामनो मामनत के साथ)”. Furthermore, it suggests the attack happened after the American President gave Hamas a final warning, meaning “Trump himself orchestrated it (ट्रंप ने खुद करवाया है)”.
Strategic Context and Security Guarantees
The location of the attack makes US involvement highly probable, according to the source:
Military Presence: It is widely known that America’s largest military base (सबसे बड़ा फौजी अड्डा) is located in Doha. Therefore, it is deemed “impossible” for such a major operation to occur there “without the US being taken into confidence”.
Failure of Guarantees: Based on treaties, the US is the guarantor of Qatari soil security (कतरी सर जमीन के तहफुज़ का जामन. However, the sources note that these guarantees “fail” (धरी की धरी रह जाती हैं) when the matter concerns Israel. The source implies that this guarantee also fails, similar to how NATO Article 5 might be rendered ineffective in such a context.
Contradictory Official Narratives
Despite the operational evidence of complicity, the official US and Qatari narratives conflict regarding prior warning:
Israeli Claim: Israel maintains they took the US into confidence and received US assistance.
US Official Stance (White House): President Trump expressed regret over the attack, and the White House spokesman claimed Trump “disagreed” with the attack on their ally, Qatar. They also asserted that they had given “advance warning (पेशगी खबरदार)” to their ally.
Qatari Counter-Claim: Qatar asserted that they were only informed by the US “when the attack had already commenced (जब हमले का आगाज हो चुका था)”.
Broader Moral Complicity
Beyond the specific attack in Qatar, the source suggests a wider complicity in Israeli actions against Palestinians:
The source contends that the US President is an “equal participant (बराबर का शरीक)” in Israeli atrocities against Palestinians.
It is suggested that the Israeli Prime Minister would not have the “courage (मजाल नहीं थी)” to inflict even minor cruelty upon attackers without the US President’s “assistance and cooperation (मदद और तामन)”.
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Israel’s Immediate and Expanding Retaliation Policy
Israel’s retaliation policy, as reflected in the sources, is characterized by its immediacy, its expanding geographical scope, and its explicit justification as a direct response to attacks against Israelis.
1. Justification as Immediate Response
The primary basis for Israel’s retaliatory actions, as stated by its leadership, is the need for an immediate response to Hamas attacks:
Explicit Statement: Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu stated unequivocally (दो टोक) that the aerial attack (फजाई हमला) on the Hamas center in Doha, Qatar, was an “immediate response (फरी जवाब)” to a Hamas attack that had occurred in Jerusalem the previous day.
Context of the Preceding Attack: The Hamas attack in Jerusalem resulted in the deaths of five Jews (पांच यहूदी हलाक) and injuries to about 20 others.
Other Casualties: On the same day, four Israeli soldiers were killed when an Israeli tank was destroyed by a landmine planted by Hamas.
2. Expanding Geographical Scope of Targetsफजाई हमला**) on the Hamas center in Doha, Qatar, was an “immediate response (फरी जवाब)” to a Hamas attack that had occurred in Jerusalem the previous day.
Context of the Preceding Attack: The Hamas attack in Jerusalem resulted in the deaths of five Jews (पांच यहूदी हलाक) and injuries to about 20 others.
Other Casualties: On the same day, four Israeli soldiers were killed when an Israeli tank was destroyed by a landmine planted by Hamas.
2. Expanding Geographical Scope of Targets
Israel’s policy dictates that it will attack any country from which it perceives Hamas receiving assistance or shelter, significantly broadening the targets for retaliation beyond Gaza itself:
Targeting Countries: The source states that Israel now “attacks any country (इसी पर चढ़ दौड़ता है)” from which it sees Hamas receiving “assistance or shelter (मदद या मामनत)”.
Examples of Targeted Nations: Examples cited include Lebanon, Syria, Iran, Iraq, Tunisia, and Yemen.
Attack on Qatar: The strike discussed extensively in the sources was carried out on the Hamas center in Doha, Qatar, illustrating this wide-ranging policy, despite Qatar being described as the “closest American ally (करीब तरीन अमकी इत्तहादी)”.
3. Future Threats and Warnings
Israel has extended its retaliation policy into explicit warnings to sovereign states regarding the hosting of Hamas leadership:
Threat to Turkey: The source notes that Israel’s “next target (अगला निशाना) may be Turkey”.
Warning Conditions: Israel issued a warning (इंतबाह) to the Turkish leadership demanding they either “immediately expel Hamas leaders (हमास रहनुमाओं को फौरी मुल्क बदर कर दे)” or ensure their security personnel remain at least 150 feet away from Hamas strongholds.
Disregard for International Guarantees: This policy of targeting allies or NATO members (like Turkey, which is a NATO member with an Article 5 defense clause) is viewed as likely to proceed regardless of international treaties. The source notes that such a defense clause, like NATO’s Article 5, may be rendered ineffective concerning Israel, similar to how US guarantees to Qatar “fail (धरी की धरी रह जाती हैं)” when Israel is involved.
4. Severity and Outcome of Retaliation
The retaliatory actions often involve severe military consequences, which are characterized by the source as significantly heavier than the initial damage incurred by Israel:
Disproportionate Force: The source notes that the destruction being inflicted upon Palestinians in Gaza—the “तोरा बोरा बनाया जा रहा है”—is “somewhere much heavier (कहीं ज्यादा भारी है)” compared to the recent Israeli losses (such as the five Jewish fatalities and four soldiers killed).
Destructive Impact (Fresh Reports): Examples of retaliatory military actions in Gaza include the martyrdom of 83 Palestinians (फ़िलस्तीनी शहीद, the designation of more tall buildings as targets, and the complete leveling of five high-rise buildings in three days, leading to 2009 crushed flats and 4100 people rendered homeless (बेघर).
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Hamas, Gaza, and Palestinian Internal Conflict
The internal conflict dynamics concerning Palestinians and Hamas, as discussed in the sources, center on the destruction caused by Israeli retaliation, the moral and financial conduct of Hamas leadership, and the severe condemnation leveled against Hamas by the Palestinian Authority (PA).
1. Hamas’s Role and Actions
Hamas is characterized both as a resistance group facing immediate Israeli retaliation and as a terrorist organization whose actions exacerbate Palestinian suffering:
Attack Justification for Retaliation: Israel explicitly launched an aerial attack on the Hamas center in Doha, Qatar, as an “immediate response (फरी जवाब)” to a Hamas attack that killed five Jews (पांच यहूदी हलाक) and injured about 20 others in Jerusalem. Additionally, four Israeli soldiers were killed when a tank was destroyed by a landmine planted by Hamas on the same day.
Hostage Taking and Atrocities: Hamas is accused of having entered Israel and “cutting the throats (गले काट रहे थे)” of 1200 Israelis. The leadership is criticized for holding Israeli hostages (यरमालियों) and questioned for wanting to “trade their dirty business on the corpses” of the oppressed Palestinian people. It is noted that some of these hostages have died in Hamas captivity.
Financial Conduct: Hamas leaders are scrutinized for their vast personal wealth. The source notes that Ismail Haniyeh’s assets and personal accounts reportedly exceed $5.5 billion. The source questions why they possess such “greed and avarice (हिल्स और लालच)” for external aid received in the name of the oppressed Palestinian people.
Gathering for Diplomacy: Despite the conflict, Hamas leadership was gathered in Qatar to “consider President Trump’s Gaza ceasefire proposals (गजा जंगबंदी तजावीज)”.
2. Palestinian Authority Condemnation of Hamas
The sources highlight a significant political conflict between the PA and Hamas, where the PA holds Hamas responsible for the humanitarian catastrophe in Gaza:
Hamas as the “Actual Responsible Parties”: Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas used severe language against Hamas leadership. Abbas stated that the Hamas leaders are the “actual responsible parties” (असल जिम्मेदार) for the destruction of the oppressed Palestinian people in Gaza.
Accusations of Misgovernance: Abbas criticized Hamas for making the lives of the people of Gaza “hell” (जहन्नुम बना रखी हैं) due to their “poor governance and personal interests (बुरी हुक्मरानी और जाती मफाद)”.
Demand for Disarmament: Abbas urged Hamas to become “unarmed (गैर मुसल्ला)” and release the Israeli hostages to “remove Israel’s justification (जवाज) for attacking Gaza”.
Hamas as Netanyahu’s Benefactor: Abbas is cited as saying that Hamas is Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu’s “greatest benefactor (सबसे बड़ी मोहसन)”.
3. The Humanitarian Cost of the Conflict
The sources emphasize the grave consequences of the conflict for the ordinary Palestinian population in Gaza due to Israel’s aggressive retaliation:
Severity of Retaliation: The retaliatory actions against Palestinians in Gaza are described as creating a “Tora Bora” (तोरा बोरा बनाया जा रहा है), and the destruction is deemed “somewhere much heavier (कहीं ज्यादा भारी है)” compared to the recent Israeli losses.
Recent Casualties and Destruction: Fresh reports indicate that Israeli military actions resulted in 83 Palestinians martyred (फ़िलस्तीनी शहीद. Military actions targeted more tall buildings, resulting in five high-rise buildings (बुलंद इमारतें) being leveled in three days, turning 2009 flats into rubble and rendering 4100 people homeless (बेघर).
Widespread Suffering: There is international recognition of the “piteous state (हालते जार)” and suffering of the people of Gaza, with attacks occurring daily, leading to the deaths of their children, elderly, and young people.
Moral Double Standard: The source highlights a moral conflict among certain Muslim communities who cry over Israeli atrocities against Palestinians but simultaneously celebrated when Hamas attacked and killed 1200 Israelis.
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इंसानों के नाम अफज़ार रिहान क़तर पर अफ़सोसनाक इसराइली हमला और प्रेसिडेंट ट्रंप कुछ अरसा कब ईरान ने क़तर पर हमला किया था और अब इसराइल ने क़तर के दार हुकूमत दोहा में मौजूद हमास मरकज पर फजाई हमला किया है जिसमें हमास चीफ खलील उल हया का बेटा तीन मुहाफिज और एक मामन समेत छह अफराद जाम भाकिया राही मुल्के आदम या हलाक हो गए इसराइल का असल टारगेट हमास सरबराह और कयादत थी जो मुतयन मुकाम पर मौजूद ना होने की वजह से बच गए मेरे लिए यह हैरत की बात थी कि अमेरिका और इसराइल की मुश्तरका प्लानिंग से इतना अहम हमला हो और इस्माइल हनिया की सीट पर बैठा खलील अल हया हमास चीफ समेत हमास की सीनियर कयादत बच जाए यह कैसे मुमकिन है फिर सोचा कि शायद वो इधर-उधर हो गए हो या अफाकन बच गए हो लेकिन ज़हन नहीं मान रहा था अब इतलात मसूल हुई है कि ट्रंप और बनियामिन नेटन याू का यह मिशन नाकाम नहीं कामयाब रहा है वह जिसे टेररिज्म का सरगना करार देकर अपने दोस्त मुल्क पर हमले का रिस्क ले चुके थे उसे हनिया संवार के पास भेजने में नाकाम नहीं हुए यह यकीनन अफसोसनाक इतलात हैं खुदा करे कि फिलिस्तीनी आवाम के दुखों का खात्मा हो सके यह भी बताया गया है कि अमे प्रेसिडेंट ट्रंप की गजा जंगबंदी तजावीज पर गौर करने के लिए हमा कयादत यहां जमा थी ट्रंप ने अगरचे इस हमले पर अफसोस का इज़हार किया है और तर्जमान वाइट हाउस ने यह कहा है कि ट्रंप अपने इतहादी क़तर की सर जमीन पर होने वाले हमले से मुतफिक नहीं थे और उन्होंने अपने इत्तहादी को पेशकी खबरदार कर दिया था जबकि क़तर का कहना है कि उन्हें अमेरिका की तरफ से इस वक्त आगाह किया गया जब हमले का आगाज हो चुका था दूसरी तरफ इसराइली कयादत का कहना है कि उन्होंने हमले से कब ना सिर्फ अमेरिका को एतमाद में लिया था बल्कि वाशिंगटन ने हमले में उन्हें मदद भी फराहम की यह हकीकत सारी दुनिया को मालूम है कि दोहा में अमेरिका का सबसे बड़ा फौजी अड्डा मौजूद है और यह किसी तरह मुमकिन नहीं है कि यहां इतनी बड़ी कारवाई अमेरिका को इतमाद में लिए बगैर की जा सके यह अम्र भी वाज़ है कि क़तर से किए गए मोहदे की रूह से अमेरिका कतरी सर जमीन के तहफुज़ का जामन है मगर जब बात इसराइल की आ जाए तो वह तमाम जमानतें धरी की धरी रह जाती हैं इसराइली प्राइम मिनिस्टर बेंजमिन नेतन याू ने बगैर कोई लगी लिपटी रखे दो टोक यह कह दिया है कि हमास पर यह हमला एक रोज कब यरूशलम में इसराइलियों पर होने वाले हमास के हमले का फरी जवाब था जिसमें पांच यहूदी हलाक हो गए थे और 20 के करीब जख्मी जिनमें चंद की हालत नाजुक बयान की गई अलाबाजी इसी रोज हमास की बिछाई हुई एक बारूदी सुरंग फटने के बायस इसराइली टैंक उड़ने से चार इसराइली फौजी भी मारे गए थे 7 अक्टूबर या हालिया इसराइली नुकसान के बिल मुकाबिल गज़ा में फिलिस्तीनियों का जो तोरा बोरा बनाया जा रहा है यह कहीं ज्यादा भारी है ताजा रिपोर्ट काबिले मुलाहजा है इसराइली फौज की इंतकामी कारवाइयों में 83 फ़िलस्तीनी शहीद गजा में मज़द ऊंची इमारतें निशानजदा तीन रोज़ में पांच बुलंद इमारतें जमीन बोस 2009 रशी फ्लैट मलबे का ढेर 4100 अफराद बेघर अब हालत यह है कि इसराइल जिस मुल्क से भी हमा को मदद या मामनत मिलती देखता है इसी पर चढ़ दौड़ता है इस सिलसिले में लबनान शाम ईरान अराक त्यूनस और यमन की मिसालें हमारे सामने हैं अमेरिकी थिंक टैंक के हवाले से कहा जा रहा है कि इसराइल का अगला निशाना तुर्की हो सकता है क्योंकि इसराइल ने तुर्क कयादत को इंतबाह कर दिया है कि वो हमास रहनुमाओं को फौरी मुल्क बदर कर दे या इनके ठिकानों से 150 फुट दूर रहे हालांकि तुर्की नेटो का रुकन मुल्क है जिसका आर्टिकल पांच वाज़ है कि किसी एक मुल्क पर हमला तमाम रुकन मुालिक पर हमला गर्लदाना जाएगा लेकिन इसराइल के हवाले से यह अमल सब पर वाज़ है कि यह आर्टिकल इसी तरह धरे का धरा रह जाएगा जिस तरह कतर के हवाले से अमकी गारंटी इसी बस 20 जनवरी के बाद कतरी कयादत ने ट्रंप के खतरनाक अज़ाइम देखते हुए उन्हें यह पेशकश की थी कि अगर आप लोगों को हमारी मसालहाना कावशें नापसंद है तो हम अपना यह रोल खत्म करते हुए अपने मुल्क से इन तमाम गिरोहों का इंखलाक करवाए देते हैं इसके जवाब में वाइट हाउस ने अपनी आला तरीन सतह से यह यकीनदानी करवाई थी कि आप लोग अपना यह रोल एज सच जारी सारी रखें क्योंकि इसी रोल की वजह से जिस तरह तालबान के साथ मामलात तय किए गए थे इसी तरह हमास या दीगर दहशतगर्द ग्रोहों से बिल वास्ता रवाबत में मामलत मिलती है बसूरते दीगर ये लोग खुले या छुपे दुश्मनों के पास जा सकते हैं असूली बात है कि जब अमेरिका ने आज खुद अपनी रजामंदी से कतरी कयादत को उसकी इजाजत दे रखी थी तो फिर कतरी वकार डिग्निटी और कौमी और मुल्की सलामती के साथ इस नौ का मजाक नहीं होना चाहिए था अभी कल ही इन लोगों ने आपका वालहाना इस्तकबाल किया इतनी ज्यादा इन्वेस्टमेंट अनाउंस की इतना कीमती जहाज तोफतन पेश किया जिसके बेडरूम की शीटें भी हूज़ मैली ना हुई होंगी ईरान में एहमास की आदत को इसराइल का टारगेट करना काबिल फहम था लेकिन क़तर जैसे करीब तरीन अमकी इत्तहादी की सरजमीन पर इस नौ की कारवाई का कोई जवाज़ ना था इससे क़तर की कयादत पर ना सिर्फ दीगर दोस्तों या इत्तहादियों का एतमाद मुतलजल हो जाएगा बल्कि आइंदा के लिए क़तर वो मसालती रोल अदा करने के काबिल भी नहीं रहेगा खुद अमेरिका जिसे जरूरी ख्याल करता है बिलाशुबा बशूल यूरोप और मिडिल ईस्ट की कयादत बिलखसूस सऊदी क्राउन प्रिंस सब ने इसराइली हमले की मजम्मत की है लेकिन वाज़ बात है कि यह खोखली मजम्मत ला हासिल है तो फिर क्या करना चाहिए क्या इन सबको इसराइल और अमेरिका पर बदले में जंगी यलगार कर देनी चाहिए क्या वो इस पोजीशन में हैं कि अमेरिका से स्नो की जंग लड़ सकें जी हां यह सब इस पोजीशन में है कि मिलकर मिडिल ईस्ट के लिए अमेरिका से अमन मायदा मनवा सके जिसका अवलीन तकाजा यह है कि हमास जैसे टेररिस्ट ग्रुप को गैर मुसल्ला करते हुए तमाम इसराइली बेगुनाह यमाली शहरी रिहा करवाए जाएं सऊदी क्राउन प्रिंस भी इसका अंधियाजा जाहिर कर चुके हैं फिलस्तीनी अथॉरिटी के सदर महमूद अब्बास ने इस सिलसिले में हमास लीडरशिप के लिए जो जुबान इस्तेमाल की है अगर दरवेश इसके असल अफवा यहां तहरीर कर दे तो हमारे अखबार वाले वो शाया नहीं कर सकेंगे फस्तीनी अथॉरिटी के सरबराह की सारी जिंदगी हमारे सामने है जिनके मुतालिक कोई यह नहीं कह सकता कि वह अपने फिलिस्तीनी आवाम के दुश्मन है या इसराइल के एजेंट हैं जब वो हमास टेररिस्ट ग्रुप के खिलाफ इतना शदीद बोल रहे हैं और उन्हें बार-बार समझा चुके हैं कि गजा के मजलूम फिलिस्तीनी आवाम की तबाही के असल जिम्मेदार हमास वालों तुम हो अपनी बुरी हुक्मरानी और जाती मफाद की खातिर तुम लोगों ने गजा के आवाम कीिंदगियां जहन्नुम बना रखी हैं तुम गैर मुसल्ला होते हुए इसराइली यरमालियों को छोड़ दो ताकि इसराइल के पास गजा पर हमलों का कोई जवाज ना रहे सच तो यह है कि मास्क नतन याऊ की सबसे बड़ी मोहसन है और अमकी प्रेसिडेंट को भी चाहिए कि वो अपने बुलंद बांग दामों का कुछ तो भरम रहने दें दुनिया में कौन सा दिल दर्द है जिसे गजा के आवाम की हालते जार का अदराक और दुख नहीं है रोज इन पर हमले हो रहे हैं इनके बच्चे बूढ़े जवान मर रहे हैं लेकिन हमास आदत को जरा शर्म नहीं आ रही कि हम लोगों ने इसराइली यमाली किस खुशी में अपने पास रखे हुए हैं वो इनकी लाशों पर भी अपना गंदा व्यापार क्यों करना चाहते हैं उन्हें मजदूम फस्तनी आवाम के नाम पर हासिल करदा बरूनी अमदाद की इस कदर हिल्स और लालच क्यों है हमासफ लीडरान के जाती अकाउंट्स कई कई अरब डॉलर से क्यों भरे पड़े हैं जिसे शक है वो इस्माइल हनिया की जायदाद और जाती अकाउंट्स में दर्ज $5.5 अरब डॉलर की तफसीलात मुलाजा कर ले हमारे पाकिस्तान जैसे रवायती मुसलमान मुालिक के आवाम को आखिर इस नौ के हक़यक बताने से हमारा मीडिया क्यों ग्रेज या परहेज करता है नतीजातन वो दुनिया भर के मुस्लिम दहशतगर्दों और इनकी हमास इस्लामी जिहाद लश्कर तबा हजबुल्ला अखानुल मुस्लिमून बोको हराम तालबान जैश मोहम्मद अलकायदा दाश जैसी खूनखार तंजीमों के मुालिक ये गमान रखते हैं कि शायद वो खालिस इस्लामी काज के लिए जद्दोजहद कर रहे हैं अमेरिका यूरोप और मगबी दुनिया तो इनके साथ इस्लामोफोबिया की वजह से हकारत या बैर रखते हैं इसराइल को हम लोग जिस कदर मर्जी बुरा भला कह ले जितनी मर्जी लान तन कर लें लेकिन क्या वो इसी सर जमीन पर एक अटल हकीकत नहीं है जिसकी कुछ ना कुछ तारीख तहजीबी जिग्राफियाई और मजहबी अखलाकी बुनियादों से भी आप लोग इंकार नहीं कर सकते जिस तरह का बयान हमारी मुकद्दस तरीन किताब में मौजूद है इंसानी बुनियादों पर भी अगर हम गौर करें तो हम मुसलमानों के पास अपने माशा्लाह 57 मुस्लिम मुालिक हैं आखिर हम यहूद के लिए पूरी दुनिया में सिर्फ एक मुल्क के वजूद से भी क्यों इंकारी हैं हम लोगों ने अपने पासपोर्ट पर भी नफरतंगेज तहरीर क्यों लिख रखी है दरवेश अद गुजार है कि वो शख्स जो इसराइली मुजालिम की मजम्मत नहीं करता वो इंसान कहलाने का भी हकदार नहीं लेकिन जब हम्मास जैसे टेररिस्ट ग्रुप इसराइल के अंदर घुसकर 1200 इसराइलियों के गले काट रहे थे क्या हमारे अपने मुसलमान आवाम ने मुजम्मत करने की बजाय इस पर खुशियों के शादियाने नहीं बजाए या कितने लोग यह सवाल करते पाए गए हैं कि हमास ने जो बेगुनाह इसराइली नाजायज यमाली बना रखे थे उन्हें क्यों रिहा नहीं किया जा रहा इनकी बच्चियों से रेप किया गया इनके बुजुर्ग जवान हमास की कैद में मरे तुम इनकी लाशों पर भी व्यापार करते हो ऐ मुसलमान भाइयों इंसानी हमदर्दी का क्या यह दोहरा म्याल नहीं है तुम किस कदर दोगले और मुनाफिक लोग हो एक तरफ फिस्तीनियों पर इसरली मुज़ालिम का रोना रोते नहीं थकते हो दूसरी तरफ इसी इसराइल की तरह सेम पेज पर प्रेसिडेंट ट्रंप के लिए अमन नोबेल प्राइज के बाजाफ्ता सफारशी बनकर खड़े हो जाते हो हालांकि दिन रात ये चीखते पाए जाते हो कि अमकी प्रेसिडेंट ट्रंप फस्तीनियों पर इसराइली मज़ालिम में बराबर का शरीक है वो बंजमन नेत्र याू के साथ खड़े हैं इसकी मदद और तामन के बगैर इसराइली प्राइम मिनिस्टर की मजाल नहीं थी कि वो अपने ऊपर हमलावर होने वालों पर थोड़ा सा जुल्म भी कर सकता तुम्हारे लीडरान अमरी सिफारखाने में पहुंचकर ट्रंप की शान में कसीदे पढ़ते पाए जाते हैं वाइट हाउस में खुफिया या जली मुलाकातों के लिए मादा हदीस खड़े दिखाई देते हैं ताकि इनकी हुक्मरानी कहीं कमजोर ना पड़ जाए इस्लाम इस्लाम के नारे जपने वाले खुशामदी हो सं्यांग के मुसलमानों पर जब मुज़ालम के पहाड़ तोड़े जाते हैं तब इस्लाम और मुसलमानों से तुम्हारी मोहब्बत कहां चली जाती है कश्मीरी मुसलमानों से तुम्हें बड़ी मोहब्बत है सं्यांग के मुसलमानों से नफरत क्यों है इनका नाम तक क्यों नहीं लेते हो जमूरियत और इंसानी हुकूक की आवाज जरा कभी प्रेसिडेंट शी जिनपिंग के सामने भी उठा कर देखो प्यूटन के साथ हाथ मिलाने के लिए बेवकूफों की तरह ललचा रहे थे मांगतों की तरह आगे बढ़कर अपने मुल्क की तजील करवा रहे थे क्या कभी यह पूछने की जरूरत कर सकते हो कि प्यूटन तुमने चनीया और रशिया के मुसलमानों पर कितने मुज़ाम ढए हैं यूक्रेन में कितने बेगुनाह मौत के घाट उतारे हैं सब ढकोसलेबाजी है यह दो चेहरों वाले मुनाफिक लोग हैं छर अफगानों से खाते हैं नफरत के भगोले दिल्ली की तरफ मुंह करके छोड़ते हैं आज ट्रंप तुम्हारा हीरो है कि मोदी के खिलाफ बोल रहा है सोचो इस दिन का जब उसने तुमसे यह मुतालबा कर दिया कि इसराइल को फौरी तस्लीम करो वरना आ रही हैं तुम पर बंदिशें पेशगी सोच लो कि इस दिन अपने इस अंकल को क्या जवाब दोगे हमारे कुछ ज्यादा सयाने कतर को समझाते हुए इस नो की लंबी-लंबी छोड़ रहे हैं कि तुम लोगों ने अपने आवाम की तरक्की और खुशहाली और अपनी मजबूत मशत पर फोकस करने की बजाय हमारे यानी पाकिस्तान की तरह आवाम को भूखे मारकर मजबूत दफा पर खर्च क्यों नहीं किया हमारी तरह तगड़ी फौज क्यों नहीं बनाई आवाम कलाम तो जानवरों की तरह होते हैं पाकिस्तानियों की तरह वो भूखे मरते हैं तो मरने दो अपनी बेहतर जिंदगी के लिए अपने मुल्क को छोड़कर दूसरे मुल्कों में भाग जाने के लिए मरते हैं तो उन्हें मर जाने दो बस दफा मजबूत होना चाहिए फौज तगड़ी होनी चाहिए इन लोगों को यह हकीकत पेशज़र रहनी चाहिए कि इसराइली हमला कतर पर नहीं हुआ एक आलमी टेररिस्ट ग्रुप हमास पर हुआ है और अमेरिकी तामनो मामनत के साथ हुआ है सच तो यह है कि यह हमला अमेरिकी प्रेसिडेंट की हमास को आखिरी वार्निंग के बाद हुआ है दूसरे लफ्जों में ट्रंप ने खुद करवाया है ऐ मेरे असरी ज़हनियत के ज्यादा सयानों डरो इस दिन से जब किसी अमेरिकी प्रेसिडेंट की फिरकी घूम गई और अमेरिका ने इस हमारे मुल्क के बदनसीब पर हमला कर दिया तब आपको चांदन हो जाएगा कि अपने आवाम को भूखा मारने के बावजूद आपकी अस्रियत किस तरह दुम दबाती है और मुल्क कौम की कितनी बड़ी तबाही लाती है यह जैसा तैसा इंफ्रास्ट्रक्चर आपको नजर आता है इसका क्या बनता है बड़ी-बड़ी बढ़के हाकने वाले 48 65 71 और कारगिल की बहादरियां याद फरमा लें बिलखसूस 71 में जब 93 थाउज ने भीगी बिल्ली बनकर गर्दनें झुकाते हुए सर नग होकर हथियार डाले और इंडियन कैदी बनना कबूल किया अपनी हालिया जिस नामद कामयाबी पर अतरा रहे हो यह सब मसनूई शराब और मिसअंडरस्टैंडिंग है किसे मालूम नहीं है कि हकीकत में जंग हुई ही नहीं सिर्फ मोदी की हिमाकत थी कि आतंकवाद के अड्डों तक जाना है किसी मिलिट्री बेस को टच नहीं करना नहीं छूना इस सारे ड्रामे को फतेह करार देते हुए बड़े-बड़े एजाजात या जाली तमके बांटते फिरते हो तो ऐसी मस्त जमूरियत में कुछ सवालात उठाने का यारा किस में हो सकता है बहुत सारी हकीकतें हैं जो यहां बयान ही नहीं की जा
انسانوں کے نام، اظفر ریحان، قطر پر اسرائیلی حملہ افسوسناک اور صدر ٹرمپ۔ کچھ عرصہ قبل ایران نے قطر پر حملہ کیا تھا اور اب اسرائیل نے قطر کے دارالحکومت دوحہ میں واقع حماس کے مرکز پر زبردست حملہ کیا ہے جس میں حماس کے سربراہ خلیل الحیا کے بیٹے، تین محافظوں اور ایک ماموں سمیت 6 افراد مارے گئے تھے۔ اسرائیل کا اصل ہدف حماس کے سربراہ اور قیادت تھے، جو اس لیے بچ گئے کہ وہ مقررہ جگہ پر موجود نہیں تھے۔ میرے لیے یہ بات حیران کن تھی کہ اتنا اہم حملہ امریکا اور اسرائیل کی مشترکہ منصوبہ بندی کی وجہ سے ہوا اور یہ کیسے ممکن ہے کہ حماس کی اعلیٰ قیادت سمیت اسماعیل ہنیہ کی نشست پر بیٹھے حماس کے سربراہ خلیل الحیا بچ گئے۔ پھر میں نے سوچا کہ شاید وہ کہیں چلے گئے ہوں گے یا اتفاقاً بچ گئے ہوں گے، لیکن میرا دماغ اسے قبول نہیں کر رہا تھا۔ اب مجھے اطلاع ملی ہے کہ ٹرمپ اور بنجمن نیتن یاہو کا یہ مشن ناکام نہیں ہوا ہے۔ وہ جس شخص کو دہشت گرد قرار دے کر اپنے دوست ملک پر حملے کا خطرہ مول لیا تھا، اسے ہانیہ سنور کے پاس بھیجنے میں کامیاب ہو گیا ہے۔ یہ یقیناً ایک افسوسناک خبر ہے۔ خدا فلسطینی عوام کے مصائب کا خاتمہ کرے۔ یہ بھی بتایا گیا ہے کہ حما کی قیادت امریکی صدر ٹرمپ کی غزہ جنگ بندی کی تجاویز پر غور کرنے کے لیے یہاں جمع ہوئی تھی۔ ٹرمپ نے اس حملے پر افسوس کا اظہار کیا ہے اور وائٹ ہاؤس نے اپنے لیڈر کی حیثیت سے کہا ہے کہ ٹرمپ اپنے اتحادی قطر کی سرزمین پر حملے سے متفق نہیں تھے اور انہوں نے اپنے اتحادی کو پیشگی خبردار کر دیا تھا۔ قطر کا کہنا ہے کہ انہیں امریکہ نے اس وقت خبردار کیا تھا جب حملہ شروع ہو چکا تھا۔ دوسری جانب اسرائیلی قیادت کا کہنا ہے کہ انہوں نے حملے کے بارے میں نہ صرف امریکا کو اعتماد میں لیا بلکہ واشنگٹن نے بھی حملے میں ان کی مدد کی۔ یہ حقیقت پوری دنیا کو معلوم ہے کہ دوحہ میں امریکہ کا سب سے بڑا فوجی اڈہ ہے اور یہ ایک دور افتادہ علاقے میں واقع ہے۔ یہ ناممکن ہے کہ امریکہ کو اعتماد میں لیے بغیر یہاں اتنی بڑی کارروائی کی جائے۔ یہ بھی واضح ہے کہ قطر کے ساتھ کیے گئے معاہدے کی روح کے تحت امریکا قطری سرزمین کے تحفظ کا ضامن ہے لیکن جب بات اسرائیل کی ہو تو وہ تمام ضمانتیں رائیگاں جاتی ہیں۔ اسرائیلی وزیراعظم بنجمن نیتن یاہو نے بغیر کسی ہچکچاہٹ کے کہا ہے کہ حماس پر یہ حملہ گزشتہ روز یروشلم میں اسرائیلیوں پر حماس کے حملے کا جوابی ردعمل تھا، جس میں پانچ یہودی ہلاک اور بیس کے قریب زخمی ہوئے تھے، جن میں سے بعض کی حالت نازک بتائی جاتی ہے۔ اسی دن حماس کی بچھائی گئی بارودی سرنگ سے اسرائیلی ٹینک کو اڑا کر چار اسرائیلی فوجی بھی مارے گئے۔ 7 اکتوبر یا حالیہ اسرائیلی نقصانات کے مقابلے میں غزہ میں فلسطینیوں پر جو عذاب ڈھایا جا رہا ہے وہ زیادہ بھاری ہے۔ تازہ ترین رپورٹ قابل غور ہے۔ جوابی کارروائیوں میں 83 فلسطینی شہید۔ غزہ میں کئی اونچی عمارتوں کو نشانہ بنایا گیا۔ تین دن میں پانچ اونچی عمارتیں زمین بوس ملبے میں 2009 فلیٹ؛ 4100 افراد بے گھر؛ اب صورتحال یہ ہے کہ اسرائیل کسی بھی ملک پر حملہ کرتا ہے جہاں سے اسے حماس کی مدد یا حمایت ملتی نظر آتی ہے۔ اس سلسلے میں لبنان، شام، ایران، اراک، طوس اور یمن کی مثالیں ہمارے سامنے ہیں۔ ایک امریکی تھنک ٹینک کے حوالے سے کہا جا رہا ہے کہ اسرائیل کا اگلا ہدف ترکی ہو سکتا ہے کیونکہ اسرائیل نے ترک قیادت کو حماس کے رہنماؤں کو فوری طور پر نکالنے کی ہدایت کی ہے۔
یہ سچ ہے کہ جو شخص اسرائیلی مسلمانوں کی مذمت نہیں کرتا وہ انسان کہلانے کا بھی مستحق نہیں لیکن جب حماس جیسے دہشت گرد گروہ نے اسرائیل میں گھس کر 1200 اسرائیلیوں کے گلے کاٹے تو کیا ہمارے اپنے مسلمان عوام نے مذمت کرنے کی بجائے اس پر جشن نہیں منایا یا کتنے لوگ یہ سوال کرتے پائے گئے کہ حماس کے ہاتھوں ناجائز شہری بنائے گئے معصوم اسرائیلیوں کو کیوں مروا دیا گیا، حماس میں ان کی بوڑھی بچیوں کو رہا نہیں کیا جا رہا؟ اسیری، تم ان کی لاشوں کا سودا بھی کرتے ہو، اے مسلمان بھائیو، کیا یہ انسانی ہمدردی کا دوہرا معیار نہیں، تم لوگ کتنے منافق اور منافق ہو، ایک طرف فلسطینیوں کے خلاف اسرائیلی مسلمانوں کا رونا روتے نہیں تھکتے، دوسری طرف اسی اسرائیل کی طرح صدر ٹرمپ کے حامی بن کر ایک ہی صفحے پر کھڑے ہیں، کہ رات کو نوبل انعام حاصل کرنے کے لیے تم سچے ہو گئے ہو۔ امریکی صدر ٹرمپ فلسطینیوں پر اسرائیلی مظالم میں برابر کے شریک ہیں۔ وہ بنجمن نیتن یاہو کے ساتھ کھڑے ہیں۔ ان کی تائید و حمایت کے بغیر اسرائیلی وزیر اعظم ان پر حملہ کرنے والوں پر ذرہ برابر بھی ظلم ڈھانے کی جرأت نہ کرتا۔ آپ کے لیڈر امریکی سفارت خانے پہنچ کر ٹرمپ کی تعریفیں کرتے پائے جاتے ہیں۔ وائٹ ہاؤس میں وہ خفیہ یا خفیہ ملاقاتوں کے لیے قطاروں میں کھڑے نظر آتے ہیں تاکہ ان کی حکمرانی کمزور نہ ہو۔ اسلام اور اسلام کے نعرے لگانے والے شرپسند ہیں۔ جب سنیانگ کے مسلمانوں پر مسلمانوں کے پہاڑ ریزہ ریزہ ہو جائیں تو اسلام اور مسلمانوں سے تمہاری محبت کہاں جاتی ہے؟ تم کشمیری مسلمانوں سے اتنی محبت کرتے ہو، سنیانگ کے مسلمانوں سے نفرت کیوں کرتے ہو؟ تم ان کا نام کیوں نہیں لیتے؟ صدر شی جن پنگ کے سامنے جمہوریت اور انسانی حقوق کی آواز بلند کرنے کی کوشش کریں۔ وہ بے وقوفی سے انہیں کافروں سے مصافحہ کرنے کا لالچ دے رہا تھا اور اب بھکاریوں کی طرح آگے بڑھ کر اپنے ملک کی تذلیل کر رہا ہے۔ کیا آپ کو کبھی پیوٹن سے پوچھنے کی ضرورت ہے کہ آپ نے چین اور روس کے مسلمانوں پر کتنے مظالم ڈھائے ہیں؟ آپ نے یوکرین میں کتنے معصوم لوگوں کو قتل کیا ہے؟ یہ سب دھوکہ ہے۔ یہ دو چہروں والے منافق افغانوں سے بدلہ لیتے ہیں، دہلی کے خلاف نفرت پھیلاتے ہیں۔ آج ٹرمپ تمہارا ہیرو ہے جو مودی کے خلاف بول رہا ہے۔ اس دن کے بارے میں سوچیں جب وہ آپ سے مطالبہ کرے گا کہ فوری طور پر اسرائیل کو تسلیم کر لیں، ورنہ آپ پر پابندیاں عائد کر دی جائیں گی۔ پہلے سے سوچ لو اس دن اپنے اس چچا کو کیا جواب دو گے؟ ہمارے کچھ سمجھدار لوگ قطر کو بہت زیادہ لیکچر دیتے ہیں کہ تم نے اپنے لوگوں کی ترقی اور خوشحالی اور اپنے مضبوط ارادے پر توجہ دینے کے بجائے ہم جیسے لوگوں کو یعنی پاکستان کو بھوکا مار کر ایک مضبوط فوج پر خرچ کیوں نہیں کیا، ہم جیسی مضبوط فوج کیوں نہیں بنائی؟ لوگ جانوروں کی طرح ہیں۔ اگر وہ پاکستانیوں کی طرح بھوک سے مرتے ہیں تو انہیں بہتر زندگی کے لیے مرنے دو۔ اگر لوگ ملک چھوڑ کر دوسرے ملکوں میں فرار ہونے کے لیے مرتے ہیں تو انہیں مرنے دو۔ ملک مضبوط ہونا چاہیے، فوج مضبوط ہونی چاہیے۔ ان لوگوں کو اس حقیقت سے آگاہ ہونا چاہیے کہ اسرائیلی حملہ قطر پر نہیں ہوا، یہ عالمی دہشت گرد گروہ حماس پر ہوا ہے اور یہ امریکی رضامندی سے ہوا ہے۔ سچ تو یہ ہے کہ یہ حملہ امریکی صدر کی حماس کو آخری وارننگ کے بعد ہوا ہے۔ دوسرے لفظوں میں، ٹرمپ نے خود یہ کام کرایا۔ اے میرے بااثر ذہنیت والے عقلمندو، اس دن سے ڈرو جب کسی امریکی صدر کی خواہش بدل جائے اور امریکہ ہمارے ملک کے اس بدقسمت شخص پر حملہ کر دے، تو تم حیران رہو گے کہ اپنے عوام کو بھوکے مرنے کے باوجود تمہارا ملک کس طرح دم چھپاتا ہے اور ملک و قوم کی کتنی بڑی تباہی لاتا ہے۔ آپ دیکھتے ہیں کہ یہ انفراسٹرکچر جیسا ہے، اس کا کیا فائدہ؟ فخر کرنے والوں کو 48، 65، 71 اور کارگل کی بہادری کو یاد رکھنا چاہیے، خاص طور پر 71 میں جب 93 ہزار لوگوں نے خوفزدہ بلیوں کی طرح سر جھکائے، ہتھیار ڈال دیے اور ہندوستانی قیدی بننا قبول کیا۔ آپ جس حالیہ شاندار کامیابی پر فخر کر رہے ہیں وہ سب مصنوعی شراب اور غلط فہمی ہے۔ کون نہیں جانتا کہ حقیقت میں کوئی جنگ نہیں تھی، یہ صرف مودی کی جرات تھی کہ دہشت گردوں کے ٹھکانوں پر جائیں، کسی فوجی اڈے کو ہاتھ نہ لگائیں، ہاتھ نہ لگائیں۔ آپ اس سارے ڈرامے کو فتح قرار دیتے ہوئے بڑے بڑے ایوارڈز یا جعلی تمغے بانٹتے پھرتے ہیں، پھر ایسی بے فکر جمہوریت میں سوال اٹھانے کی جرأت کس میں ہو سکتی ہے؟ بہت سی حقیقتیں ہیں جنہیں یہاں بیان نہیں کیا جا سکتا۔
The source provides an overview and critical analysis of the Arab Islamic Summit in Doha, focusing on the strong anti-Israel rhetoric presented by various leaders, including those from Qatar, Iran, Pakistan, and Turkey, who called for measures ranging from Israel’s accountability for war crimes to the suspension of its UN membership. The summit resulted in a joint declaration supporting Qatar’s role as a mediator, rejecting Israeli actions as war crimes, and endorsing the two-state solution, but the source critiques the fiery speeches as being largely performative and highlights the contrast between the bold rhetoric and the cautious reaction from neighboring Arab states like Saudi Arabia and the UAE. Furthermore, the source includes analysis of the US perspective—particularly President Trump’s pressure on Qatar—and presents Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu’s defense of targeting Hamas by equating it with US action against Al-Qaeda. Finally, the source criticizes the summit’s limited practical impact on the conflict, suggesting that the focus on a united Islamic task force is unrealistic, and concludes with a call for the Muslim world to prioritize addressing terrorism as a shared global threat.
Doha Emergency Summit on Israel-Palestine Conflict
The Arab Islamic Summit was an emergency summit held in Doha, Qatar, the capital of the country. Approximately 50 heads of state or representatives from Arab and Islamic nations participated in the event.
The summit served as a platform for strong rhetoric and calls for action, although the subsequent joint communiqué revealed a degree of caution among some participating states.
Key Rhetoric and Concerns Raised
Leaders delivered speeches emphasizing that Israel had crossed all “red lines” and must be held accountable for violating international laws and the UN Charter.
Specific concerns and statements included:
Ameer of Qatar, Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, stated that the agenda of “Greater Israel” poses a threat to global peace. He noted that Qatar, acting as a mediator, had made sincere efforts for peace in the region, but Israel sabotaged the negotiation process by targeting Hamas leadership. He condemned the attack on the sovereignty of countries in the region by Israel and accused Israel of genocide (nasl kushi) against the Palestinians.
The Iranian President demanded that Israel’s membership in the United Nations be revoked.
The Pakistani Prime Minister called for the establishment of a joint task force of Muslim nations and demanded the implementation of the two-state solution. He warned that history would not forgive Islamic countries if they failed to unite at this juncture. (However, the source later notes skepticism, stating that the proposal for an Arab Islamic Task Force or “Islamic NATO” is currently impractical).
The Turkish President remarked that Israel acts as if it believes it is beyond questioning.
Leaders of Iran, Iraq, Egypt, and the Palestinian Authority, in addition to the Secretary Generals of the Arab League and the OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation), addressed the summit.
The Joint Communiqué (Mustarka Ilamiya)
The common declaration issued at the end of the Arab Islamic Summit included several important points:
It expressed complete solidarity with Doha.
It declared unconditional support (ghair mashroot himayat) for every possible retaliatory measure (jawab-i-iqdam).
The communiqué rejected Israeli justifications and claims.
It declared the use of siege and hunger as a weapon a “war crime”.
The leaders praised the “wise and sensible role of Qatar”.
They condemned the annexation or forced migration (jabri hijrat) of Palestinian territories under any potential Israeli decision.
The declaration demanded that the international community halt the continuous aggression occurring in Qatar, Gaza, the West Bank, and other areas.
The communiqué welcomed the recent endorsement of the two-state solution and the related announcement in the UN General Assembly.
It stressed the need to make the Middle East a zone free of destructive weapons.
Geopolitical Context and Critical Commentary
The sources highlight significant geopolitical dynamics surrounding the summit:
Arab Caution: Powerful neighboring Arab countries, including Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Kuwait, Bahrain, Jordan, and Syria, adopted an extremely cautious approach and avoided the fiery rhetoric that characterized other speeches.
Skepticism on Outcomes: The source critically assesses the outcome, suggesting that much of the highly rhetorical speeches (shola bayanian) were merely for cheap fame or display. The communiqué’s general points suggest that the grand claims made in speeches were not important enough to be included in the common declaration.
Continuation of Suffering: Despite the meeting of 50 Muslim nations, the source observes that the oppressed people of Gaza continue to suffer the same painful deaths, suggesting that the summit did not fundamentally alter the ground reality.
The “Arab Islamic” Terminology: The source notes the interesting use of the term “Arab Islamic” in referring to the summit, suggesting a fusion of the Arab League and the OIC. This terminology is linked to the idea that the Arab temperament often favors Arab nationalism over general Islamic identity.
American Pressure and Response
The United States responded swiftly after the summit, indicating strong pressure on Qatar:
Immediately after the summit concluded, Marco Rubio (referred to as the Secretary of State in the source) arrived in Doha to meet the Ameer of Qatar.
Rubio explicitly advised the Ameer of Qatar not to fall for the schemes of the various “loudmouths” (barkbazon).
Prior to the summit, the Qatari Prime Minister had already been subjected to extensive pressure and “brainwashing” at the White House.
President Trump used a “carrot and stick” approach with the Ameer of Qatar (Sheikh Tamim), directly stating that his people were unhappy and that he should prioritize solving the problems of his own people rather than engaging in grandstanding. This action is described as typical American pressure.
Arab Islamic Summit: Condemnations and Israeli Justifications
The Israel-Gaza conflict was the central topic of discussion at the Arab Islamic Summit, leading to strong condemnations of Israeli actions, specific demands, and an articulation of Israel’s justifications for its military campaign.
Condemnations and Accusations Against Israel
Leaders at the summit articulated that Israel had crossed all “red lines”. They demanded that Israel be held accountable for violating the UN Charter and international laws.
Specific actions and intentions attributed to Israel included:
Genocide and Aggression: The Ameer of Qatar, Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, accused Israel of committing “genocide (nasl kushi)” against the Palestinians. The common declaration demanded that the international community halt the continuous aggression occurring in Gaza, the West Bank, and other areas.
Sabotaging Peace: The Ameer of Qatar stated that Israel targeted Hamas leadership, thereby sabotaging the negotiation process that Qatar had pursued as a mediator for peace.
War Crimes: The joint communiqué declared the use of siege and hunger as a weapon a “war crime”.
Territorial Threat: The summit leaders rejected Israeli justifications. The communiqué condemned the annexation or forced migration (jabri hijrat) of Palestinian territories under any potential Israeli decision. Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani specifically warned that the agenda of “Greater Israel” poses a threat to global peace.
Sovereignty Violations: Israel was condemned for attacking the sovereignty of countries in the region. The Turkish President also remarked that Israel acts as if it believes it is beyond questioning.
Israeli Justification and Strategy
The sources outline the justification provided by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu for the offensive:
Targeting Terrorism: Netanyahu’s rationale is that Israel is targeting the culprits of the “biggest terrorist attack”—Hamas leadership. He described Hamas leadership as criminals of terrorism, much like how the US viewed Bin Laden and Al Qaeda after 9/11.
Right to Self-Defense: Netanyahu asserted that Israel will not rest until their hostages are released and “terrorist Hamas” is eliminated, regardless of the cost. He stated that every country has the right to defend itself, even outside its borders.
Comparison to US Actions: Netanyahu argued that when the US attacked Pakistan to eliminate a terrorist like Bin Laden, the world praised the action rather than condemning it. He suggested that based on this precedent, there is no justification for condemning Israel’s actions.
International Isolation: Netanyahu accused European countries of trying to push Israel into “global isolation” that could last for years, emphasizing that Israel would have to rely on its own resources.
Impact and Calls for Action
The source notes that despite the meeting of 50 Muslim nations, the oppressed people of Gaza continue to suffer the same painful deaths. They are described as being ground between two millstones. Protests against the Israeli atrocities are widespread globally, originating from Muslim and non-Muslim nations alike, including the Vatican City and European countries.
The Arab Islamic Summit resulted in several key demands regarding the conflict:
Political Solutions: The joint communiqué welcomed the recent endorsement of the two-state solution in the UN General Assembly. The Pakistani Prime Minister had also specifically called for the implementation of the two-state solution.
Halt Aggression: The declaration called upon the international community to halt the continuous aggression in Gaza, the West Bank, and other areas.
Global Unity: The Pakistani Prime Minister warned that history would not forgive Islamic countries if they failed to unite at this juncture. The Iranian President demanded that Israel’s membership in the United Nations be revoked.
Demilitarization: The communiqué stressed the need to make the Middle East a zone free of destructive weapons.
Furthermore, it is expected that UN discussions will lead to significant global pressure on Israel to spare the lives of the oppressed people of Gaza.
The Two-State Solution at the Arab Islamic Summit
The Two-state solution (Do Riyasate Hal) emerged as a key point of discussion and demand during and immediately following the Arab Islamic Summit.
Endorsement and Demands
The concept was officially acknowledged and supported in the common declaration issued at the conclusion of the summit:
UN Endorsement Welcome: The joint communiqué (Mustarka Ilamiya) welcomed the recent endorsement and related announcement of the two-state solution in the UN General Assembly.
Call for Implementation: The Pakistani Prime Minister, during his address at the summit, specifically called for the establishment of a joint task force of Muslim nations and demanded that the implementation of the two-state solution be ensured.
Future Outlook and Debate
The sources indicate that the Two-state solution is expected to be the subject of intense global discussion following the current conflict:
Intensified Debates: It is anticipated that extensive debates (khub bahsein chhidne wali hain) will erupt concerning the two-state solution.
European Advocacy: European countries are expected to strongly highlight (khub uthayenge) this issue. This focus is linked to their disputes with American President Trump.
Need for Critique: One source suggests that the debate on the two-state solution in the Middle East warrants critical analysis (tanqeedi jaye).
The summit’s endorsement of the Two-state solution was part of a broader set of demands, including asking the international community to halt the continuous aggression occurring in Qatar, Gaza, the West Bank, and other areas, and stressing the need to make the Middle East a zone free of destructive weapons.
US Diplomatic Pressure on Qatar and the Ameer
The United States exerted significant diplomatic pressure (Amki pressure) on Qatar, particularly in the immediate aftermath of the Arab Islamic Summit held in Doha, as well as on Qatar’s leadership prior to the event.
Key aspects of this pressure included:
Direct Warnings to the Ameer of Qatar
President Trump utilized a “carrot and stick” approach (Gaajar ke saath stick ka istemal) when dealing with the Ameer of Qatar, Sheikh Tamim. Trump reportedly disregarded conventional diplomatic protocols (kisi mooh rakhi ya bharam ka bhi koi khayal nahin rakha) and delivered a blunt message:
Trump clearly stated that the Ameer’s people were unhappy.
He advised Sheikh Tamim to stop focusing on grandstanding (idhar udhar ki badi-badi chhod dein) or big ideas.
Instead, the Ameer was instructed to worry about the dissatisfaction of his own people and focus on solving their problems.
The source characterizes this interaction as containing a “wrapped message” (malfouf paigham) that exemplifies American pressure.
Diplomatic Missions and Scolding
US diplomatic efforts targeted Qatari officials before and after the summit:
Pre-Summit “Brainwashing”: Prior to the Arab Islamic Summit, the Qatari Prime Minister was called to the White House where he was subjected to extensive pressure, described as “good brainwashing” (acchi khaasi brain washing).
Post-Summit Warning: Immediately after the summit concluded, Marco Rubio (referred to as the Secretary of State in the source) arrived in Doha to meet the Ameer of Qatar. Rubio explicitly advised the Ameer “not to fall for the schemes of the various loudmouths” (mukhtalif nau barkbazon ke jhanse mein mat aiyega).
Pressure Regarding Israel and the Region
The sources also detail how the US maintained diplomatic contact with Israel to offer support while engaging in pressure tactics with allies:
Support for Israel: During the period of the Arab Islamic Summit, Marco Rubio was present in Israel, assuring them, “Don’t worry, we are with you”.
Treatment of Netanyahu: While Trump generally supports Israel, he is described as sparing nobody, occasionally giving Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu a “dressing down,” “scolding,” or “laundering” (thodi bahut jhaadphoonk lati laayi dhulai ya sajnash kar dete hain). However, when Netanyahu seemed troubled, Trump would send Rubio to offer encouragement (hausla dilane ke liye).
Critique of US Stance: The sources pose a critical question regarding the perceived inconsistency of US pressure, noting that when an Iranian attack previously threatened Qatari sovereignty (targeting a foreign base), the outcry of “loudmouth statements” (shola bayanian) and concerns over Qatari sovereignty did not rise to the level seen after the current conflict.
Arab Islamic Summit: Conflict, Divisions, and US Pressure
Middle East politics, as reflected by the discussions and fallout from the Arab Islamic Summit, are characterized by intense conflict, internal divisions among Arab and Islamic nations, significant external pressure from the United States, and ongoing debates over political solutions like the Two-state solution.
The Central Conflict and Israeli Rationale
The Israel-Gaza conflict formed the core of the political discourse. Leaders at the summit asserted that Israel had crossed all “red lines” and must be held accountable for violating international laws and the UN Charter. Accusations against Israel included committing “genocide (nasl kushi)” against the Palestinians and employing siege and hunger as a weapon, which was declared a “war crime”. Concerns were also raised about the continuation of the “Greater Israel” agenda, which is seen as a threat to global peace.
In contrast, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu justified the military offensive by framing it as a necessary response to the “biggest terrorist attack”:
Netanyahu argued that Israel is targeting the culprits of terrorism—Hamas leadership.
He claimed the right to defend Israel, even outside its borders, and vowed to eliminate “terrorist Hamas” regardless of the cost.
He used the precedent of the US attack on Pakistan to eliminate Bin Laden, arguing that if that action was praised, condemnation of Israel’s actions targeting Hamas leadership is unjustified.
Geopolitical Divisions and Organizational Dynamics
The sources highlight a crucial split in regional political strategy between the core Arab states and other participating Islamic nations:
Arab Caution: Powerful neighboring Arab countries, including Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Kuwait, Bahrain, Jordan, and Syria, adopted an “extremely cautious approach” (intihai mohthat ta’ssur) during the summit, deliberately refraining from the fiery rhetoric used by others.
Rhetoric vs. Action: Critical commentary noted that much of the highly rhetorical speeches (shola bayanian) delivered by some leaders (such as the Pakistani Prime Minister) appeared to be for “cheap fame or display” and lacked the importance necessary to be included in the cautious joint communiqué. Despite the meeting of 50 Muslim nations, the ground reality for the suffering people of Gaza remains unchanged.
Arab Nationalism vs. Islamic Identity: The sources analyze the significance of the summit being termed “Arab Islamic,” suggesting a fusion of the Arab League and the OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation). This is tied to the concept that the “Arab temperament” (Arbon ka mizaj) often favors Arab nationalism over a generalized Islamic identity.
External Influence: US Diplomatic Pressure
The politics of the Middle East are heavily influenced by the United States, which applies significant diplomatic pressure (Amki pressure), particularly on its allies like Qatar:
Direct Scolding: US President Trump used a “carrot and stick” approach with the Ameer of Qatar, Sheikh Tamim. Trump told the Ameer directly to stop focusing on “big ideas” and instead focus on addressing the “dissatisfaction of his own people”.
Post-Summit Warnings: Immediately after the summit, Marco Rubio (referred to as the Secretary of State in the source) arrived in Doha and explicitly warned the Ameer “not to fall for the schemes of the various loudmouths”, referring to the highly rhetorical speeches delivered by other leaders.
Support for Israel: During the summit period, Rubio was in Israel, reassuring them, “Don’t worry, we are with you”.
Proposed Solutions and Future Alliances
Political efforts focused on finding a resolution to the conflict and establishing new regional structures:
The Two-State Solution: This remains a critical point for resolving the conflict. The joint communiqué welcomed the recent endorsement of the two-state solution in the UN General Assembly. It is anticipated that this issue will generate extensive debates (khub bahsein chhidne wali hain) globally, particularly driven by European countries.
Failed Alliance Proposals: The suggestion by the Pakistani Prime Minister to establish a “joint task force of Muslim nations”, or an “Islamic NATO,” was deemed by the sources to be “currently impractical” (naqabil amal). This proposal faces severe internal hurdles, including deep internal “sectarian, religious, and political divisions” among Muslim nations.
इंसानों के नाम अफजार रिहान दोहा की अरब इस्लामिक समिट का हासिल क़तर के दाल हुकूमत दोहा में अरब इस्लामिक इमरजेंसी समिट मुनकद हुई जिसमें 50 के करीब अरब और इस्लामी मुालिक के सरबराहान या नुमाइंदों ने शिरकत की यहां की गई तकारीर में इस बात पर जोर दिया गया कि इसराइल ने तमाम रेड लाइंस अबूर कर ली है यूएन चार्टर और आलमी कवानीन की खिलाफवर्जी पर इसराइल को जवाबदेह ठहराना होगा अमीर कतर शेख तमीम बिन हमद सानी ने कहा कि ग्रेटर इसराइल का एजेंडा आलमी अमन के लिए खतरा है कतर ने सालस के तौर पर ख्ते में अमन के लिए मुखलसाना कोशिशें की लेकिन इसराइल ने मजाकराती अमल को सबूताज करते हुए हमास कयादत को निशाना बनाया इसराइल की जानिब से ख्ते के मुालिक की खुद मुख्तारी पर हमला काबिल मुज़म्मत है इसराइल के हाथों फस्तीनियों की नस्ल कुशी हो रही है इसने इजराइम की तमाम हदूद पार कर ली है इसराइली रबालियों की पुर अमन रिहाई के तमाम दावे भी झूठे हैं ईरानी प्रेसिडेंट ने कहा अकवामे मुतहदा से इसराइल की रकनियत मुतल करवा दी जाए पाकिस्तानी प्राइम मिनिस्टर ने कहा कि मुस्लिम अकवाम की मुश्तका टास्क फोर्स बनाई जाए और दो रियासी हल पर अमल दरामद यकीनी बनाया जाए उन्होंने कहा कि अगर अब भी इस्लामी मुालिक मुतहिद ना हुए तो तारीख हमें माफ़ नहीं करेगी तुर्क प्रेसिडेंट ने कहा कि इसराइल यह समझता है कि उसे कोई पूछ नहीं सकता इस अरब इस्लामिक समर से अरब लीग और ओआईसी के सेक्रेटरी जनरल्स के अलावा ईरान अराक मिस्र और फस्तीनी अथॉरिटी के सुदूल ने भी खिताब किया अलबत्ता कतर की हमसायगी में वाकयात ताकतवर अरब मुालिक बिलखसूस सऊदी अरब मुतहदा अरब अमरात कुवैत बहरीन जॉर्डन और सीरिया जैसे मुालिक ने इंतहाई मोहतात तज़ अमल अपनाते हुए बयानबाजी से एतराज किया अरब इस्लामिक समिट के इताम पर मुश्तका इलामिया में दोहा के साथ मुकम्मल यकीियती का इज़हार करते हुए कहा गया कि हम हर मुमकना जवाबी इदाम की गैर मशहूद हिमायत करते हैं एक गैर जानबदार सालसी मरकज को निशाना बनाना अमन कावशों को नाकाम बनाने के मुतरादिफ है कतर के दानिशमंदाना और होशमंदाना किरदार की तहसीन करते हुए इजिप्ट और अमेरिका की जारी सालसी मसाई को आम करार दिया गया इलामिया में इसराइली दामों और तौजीहात को मुस्तरद करते हुए मुहासरे और भूख को बतौर हथियार इस्तेमाल करना जंगी जुर्म करार दिया गया किसी भी मुमकना इसराइली फैसले के तहत फस्तीनी इलाकों के इंतजामाम या जबरी हिजरत की मज़म्मत की गई और आलमी बिरादरी से मुतालबा किया गया कि क़तर गजा वेस्ट बैंक और दीगर खतों पर जारी मुसलसल जारियत को रोका जाए यूएन जनरल असेंबली में हालिया ऐलान न्यूयॉर्क और दो रियासती हल की तौसीक का खैरमकदम करते हुए इस अम्र पर जोर दिया गया कि मिडिल ईस्ट को तबाह कुंदन हथियारों से पाक खाता बनाया जाए दशहां अपने अहले दानिश की खिदमत में कुछ अहम पॉइंट्स उजागर करने का खास्तकार है दुआ की अरब इस्लामिक समिट में जितनी भी शोला बयानियों पर मबनी तकरारी थी आप उन्हें बगौर पढ़िए इसके बाद जारी होने वाले मुश्तकालामिया के आम नकात का भी जायजा लीजिए आप पर वाज़ हो जाएगा कि बहुत सी शोला बयानिया बहुत सस्ती शहरत या दिखावे की बयानबाजी के लिए होती हैं जिनकी अहमियत इतनी भी नहीं कि उन्हें मुश्तरका इलामिया का हिस्सा भी बनाया जा सके बिलखसूस पाकिस्तानी अल्फाज़ शायद दीगर तमाम अरबो अजम या इस्लामिक हुक्मरानों से कहीं भरी हुई होती है इसके बिल मुकाबल शायद खुद निशाना बनने वाला मेजबान मुल्क भी इस हद तक जाना पसंद नहीं करता अगरचे हमारे पाकिस्तानी हुक्मरान भगोले छोड़ने के लिए उन्हें खूब पंप मारते पाए जाते हैं इस कारनामे पर हमारे मौजूदा जिहादी हुक्मरानों को निशाने इम्तियाज जरूर मिलना चाहिए पाकी लीडरान का सनसनीखेज बयानिया शायद अपने इस्लामी आवाम की जैसी तैसी खुशनूदी के लिए या इनकी बढ़ती ईमानी ख्वाहिशात को मुतमिन करने की खातिर तशकील पाता है अब अगर हमारे मीडिया की सुर्खियां मुलाहजा करें ख्वाब प्रिंट हो या इलेक्ट्रॉनिक या सोशल मीडिया तो यूं महसूस होता है कि जैसे कोई इंकलाब आ गया है और कुफ्र के खिलाफ इस्लामी दुनिया इकट्ठी हो गई है लिहाजा अब इसराइल की खैर नहीं बल्कि हमारा आवामी सलूब तो यह होता है कि ऐ मुसलमानों इकट्ठे होकर इसराइल का नापाक वजूद सफा हस्ती से मिटा दो पाकिस्तानी नहीं इस्लामी ईरान से भी स्नो की आवाजें निचली नहीं इख्तेदार की आला तरीन सतह से बारहब उठती रही है अलबत्ता ईरान इसराइल जंग के बाद अब इसमें थोड़ा ठहराव आया है रह गई रजा के अरब आवाम पर इसराइली ज्यादतियां इन पर तो कोई दो अरा है ही नहीं इस पर मुस्लिम ही नहीं गैर मुस्लिम अकवाम की जानिब से भी पूरी दुनिया में सख्त एतजाज किया जा रहा है हत्ता के वेटिकन सिटी से भी दर्द अंगेज बयानात जारी होते रहते हैं यूरोपियन मुालिक और इनके आवाम भी खुलकर बोल रहे हैं अरब इस्लामिक समिट के बाद हमारे सादा हबाब अगर यह समझते हैं कि अब कोई बहुत बड़ा इस्लामी तूफान उठ खड़े होगा दस्त बस्ता अज़ है कि वो अगर हालात हाजरा पर नजर रखते हैं तो उन्हें मालूम होना चाहिए कि गजा के मजलूम आवाम चक्की के जिन दो पार्टों में पहले से पिसते चले आ रहे हैं 50 मुस्लिम मुालिक की समट के बाद भी वो इसी तरह पिस रहे हैं इसी तरह दर्दनाक अमवात का शिकार हो रहे हैं दरवेश को कहा जाता है कि ज्यादा सच्चाई मत लिखो ठीक है जितना चाहो अपनी मर्जी का लिखवा लो लेकिन क्या इससे तल्ख जमीनी हकायक खत्म हो सकेंगे अगर हमारी बड़कों से इसराइल खत्म हो सकता तो शायद पैदा होने से कब ही फना हो चुका होता दरवेश की नजरों में सऊदी अरब से ज्यादा इस्लामी मुल्क तो दुनिया में कोई नहीं जो इस्लाम का मंबा और तू इस्लाम का मरकज है ना चीज ढूंढ रहा था कि इस अरब इस्लामिक समट में सऊदी कयादत ने क्या फरमाया है और फिर हाशमी सल्तनत के वारिस खानदाने नबूवत के चश्मो चिराग एक्सीलेंसी शाह अब्दुल्ला दोम ने क्या रहनुमाई फरमाई है पहले नजर की खिदमत में एक और दिलचस्प पॉइंट काबिल तवज्जो है माकबल जब भी इस नो की अफताद आती थी जैसे कि 69 में मस्जिद अक्सा को आग लगाने का मुबईना सानिया पेश आया तो ओआईसी की तंजीम वजूद में आई और फिर तब से मुस्लिम उमा की एक तरह से नुमाइंदा तंजीम ओआईसी को ही करार दिया जाता रहा अब वो क्या वजू है जिनके कारण एक अरसे से ओआईसी किसी हद तक पसमंजर में जाती दिखाई दे रही है जी चाहता है कि इसकी जेन्युइन वजूह पर किसी वक्त जामिया आर्टिकल तहरीर किया जाए और अरब लीग के बिल मुकाबिल इसका तकाबली जायजा पेश किया जाए इन दिनों अलबत्ता एक नई दिलचस्प टर्म अरब इस्लामिक इस्तेमाल हो रही है जैसे कि अरब लीग और ओआईसी को इकट्ठे कर दिया गया हो क्योंकि अरबों का मिजाज बिल उम इस्लामिक से ज्यादा अरब नेशनलिज्म की सूरत जलवा कर रहा है यह बात मज इजिप्ट या जमाल अब्दुल नासिर तक महदूद नहीं हमारे यहां जिन्हें इस्लामी उमा का बहुत बड़ा हीरो बनाकर पेश किया जाता है किंग फैसल बिन अब्दुल अजीज इनका यह बयान रिकॉर्ड पर मौजूद है कि मैं जब अरब वर्ड बोलता हूं तो इससे मेरी मुराद इस्लामिक वर्ल्ड ही होती है सवाल पैदा होता है कि अगर आपकी यह मुराद होती है तो आप बोल भी यही दिया करें इस गु्थी का दरा के लोगों को बखूबी हो सकता है जो मिडिल ईस्ट में अरब नेशनलिज्म के पसमंजर से आगाही रखते हैं बिलाश इन दिनों यूएन की रौनके बुलंदियों पर पहुंचने वाली है इस मर्तबा इसराइल पर भरपूर आलमी दबाव बढ़ने वाला है कि वो गजा के मजलूमों की जान बखशी करें अलावा अजी दो रियासती हल पर भी खूब बहसें छिड़ने वाली हैं बिलखसूस यूरोपियन मुालिक बावजूद इस इशू को खूब उठाएंगे जिसकी बड़ी वजह अमकी प्रेसिडेंट ट्रंप से इनकी छेड़छाड़ होगी क्योंकि ट्रंप टेरिफ के हाथों करीबी अमकी इत्तहादी इस अनोखे सदर से खासे नाला है ट्रंप बखशते किसी को भी नहीं हत्ता कि कभी बंजमन नैतननिया की भी थोड़ी बहुत झाड़फूंक लती लाई धुलाई या सजनश कर देते हैं लेकिन साथ ही जब उन्हें परेशान देखते हैं तो हौसला दिलाने के लिए सेक्रेटरी ऑफ़ स्टेट मार्को रूबियो को तलबीब या यरूशलम रवाना कर देते हैं जैसे कि हालिया अरब इस्लामिक समिट के दौरान मार्को रूबियो इसराइल में मौजूद रहे यह इत्मीनान दिलाते हुए कि फिक्र ना करो हम तुम्हारे साथ हैं अरब इस्लामिक समिट इताम पजीर होने के फौरन बाद मार्को रूबियो दोहा पहुंचे अमीर कतर से मिले और साफ फरमा दिया कि इन मुख्तलिफ नौ बड़कबाजों के झांसे में मत आइएगा इससे कब कतरी प्राइम मिनिस्टर को वाइट हाउस बुलाकर इनकी अच्छी खासी ब्रेन वाशिंग खातिर तवाजा या दलाई की जा चुकी है अमीर कतर के लिए गाजर के साथ स्टिक का इस्तेमाल करते हुए प्रेसिडेंट ट्रंप ने किसी मुंह रखी या भरम का भी कोई ख्याल नहीं रखा साफ कह दिया कि शेख तमीम आपके आवाम आपसे खुश नहीं है इधर-उधर की बड़ी-बड़ी छोड़ दें या सोचने की बजाय अपने लोगों की नाराजगी का सोें इनके मसाइल हल करने के लिए फिकरमंद हो जरा गौर फरमाइए इसका क्या मतलब है इन अल्फाज़ में क्या मलफूफ पैगाम है शायद इसी को कहते हैं अमकी प्रेशर अहले मगरब के सामने यह सवाल भी अहम है कि इसी क़तर पर जब ईरानी हमला हुआ था इस वक्त अगरचे ईरान के खिलाफ भी खासे मजमती बयानात आए थे मगर इस नौ की शोला बयानियों का गुलगला तब क्यों नहीं उठा था तब क़तर की अप्ला मुख्तारी खतरे में क्यों नहीं आई थी क्या इसलिए कि तब ईरानी हमले का हदफ कतरी नहीं गैर मुल्की अड्डा था मसला तो अब भी वही है इसराइली हमले का हदफ कतरी नहीं गैर मुल्की हमास की आदत थी जिन्हें इसराइल टेररिज्म के वैसे ही आदमी मुजरम गिरदानता है जैसे 91 के बाद अमेरिकी बिन लादन और इनकी अलकायदा को समझते हैं बेंजमिन नेतन याू का इस्तदलाल यही है कि जब अमेरिका ने बिन लादन जैसे टेररिस्ट को मारने के लिए पाकिस्तान पर हमला किया था तो पूरी दुनिया ने इसकी मजम्मत नहीं सताइश की थी आज हमने भी अपने ऊपर होने वाले सबसे बड़े टेररिस्ट अटैक के मुजरमों यानी हम्मास कयादत को टारगेट किया है तो इस साबका उसूल के तहत इसकी मजम्मत का भी कोई जवाब नहीं बनता है दुनिया को चाहिए कि वो टेररिज्म के खिलाफ एका करे यूरोपियन मुालिक की तरफ इशारा करते हुए उन्होंने कहा कि यह लोग उल्टे हमें आलमी तन्हाई में धकेल रहे हैं जो बरसों चल सकती है लिहाजा हमें अपने वसाइल के साथ अपने पांव पर खड़े होना पड़ेगा हम इस वक्त तक चैन से नहीं बैठेंगे जब तक हम अपने यमालियों को रिहा करवाते हुए टेररिस्ट हमास का खात्मा नहीं कर देते चाहे हमें इसकी जो भी कीमत चुकानी पड़े हर मुल्क को अपनी सरहदों से बाहर भी अपने दफा का हक हासिल है यह कहते हुए नेतन याऊ रियासतों की सोवनिटी का असूल बयान करना भूल गए हमारे बुलंद परवाज ने इसी समिट में अरब इस्लामिक टास्क फ़ोर्स या इस्लामिक नेटो की जो फुलझड़ी छोड़ी है अगरचे आवामी सतह पर वह जितनी चाहे क्लैपिंग ले लें बिलफेल या नाकाबिल अमल बड़क से आगे कुछ नहीं बुलंद बांग दावे जो भी हो वेस्टर्न मिलिट्री अलायंस के बिल मुकाबल इसी तर्ज पर इस्लामिक मिलिट्री अलायंस के लिए जिस नौ की ताकत दरकार है इसका तो शायद दूरदूर तक शबा तक नहीं फी जमाना मजहब की बुनियाद पर इस नौ के अलायसेस को दुनिया मौज हैरत हकारत से ही देख सकती है जबकि मुस्लिम अकवाम की अंदरूनी कदूरतें और मुनाफरत भरी फिरकाना मजहबी और सियासी तकसीम इसके अलावा पूरी गहराई के साथ मौजूद है हम पाकिस्तानियों के लिए बेहतर यही है कि हम अपनी डूबती मशत लड़ में डुबकियां खाते आवाम और इनके अनगिनत दुखों और मसाइलों मसायब को दूर करने का सोचें अकवाम आलम के सामने हमारी मुस्लिम अकवाम का मौकफ यह होना चाहिए कि टेररिज्म या दहशतगर्दी या आतंकवाद इंसानियत की मुश्तका दुश्मन है इसकी मुर्तकब कोई भी तंजीम हो तमाम अकवाम को बिला तमीज मजहबो नस्ल इसके खिलाफ खड़े होना पड़ेगा इसराइल को भी अपने वजूद की बका इतना ही हक असल है जितना किसी और मुल्कों कौम को रह गई बेगुनाह इंसानी हलाकतें वो चाहे मुसलमानों की हो या यह यहूद की हिंदुओं की हो या मसीहों की इनकी मुर्तकब कोई भी कौम तंजीम या पार्टी हो काबिल मजम्मत और नाकाबिल कबूल है मिडिल ईस्ट में दो रियासती हाल की बहस पर तनकी दी जाए
اظفر ریحان انسانیت کے نام پر دوحہ میں عرب اسلامی سربراہی اجلاس کا کارنامہ دوحہ میں عرب اسلامی ہنگامی سربراہی اجلاس منعقد ہوا جس میں 50 کے قریب عرب اور اسلامی ممالک کے سربراہان یا نمائندوں نے شرکت کی۔ یہاں کی گئی تقاریر میں اس بات پر زور دیا گیا کہ اسرائیل نے تمام سرخ لکیریں عبور کر لی ہیں۔ اسرائیل کو اقوام متحدہ کے چارٹر اور عالمی قوانین کی خلاف ورزی پر جوابدہ ہونا چاہیے۔ قطر کے امیر شیخ تمیم بن حمد ثانی نے کہا کہ گریٹر اسرائیل کا ایجنڈا عالمی امن کے لیے خطرہ ہے۔ قطر نے سلامتی کے طور پر خطے میں امن کے لیے مخلصانہ کوششیں کیں لیکن اسرائیل نے اپنے غدارانہ اقدامات کا مظاہرہ کرتے ہوئے حماس کی قیادت کو نشانہ بنایا۔ خطے کے مالک کی خود مختاری پر اسرائیل کا حملہ قابل مذمت ہے۔ اسرائیل کی طرف سے فلسطینیوں کی نسل کشی کی جا رہی ہے۔ یہ اسرائیل کی تمام حدیں پار کر چکا ہے۔ اسرائیلی باغی قطری کی پرامن رہائی کے تمام دعوے جھوٹے ہیں۔ ایرانی صدر نے کہا کہ اقوام متحدہ سے اسرائیل کی حیثیت منسوخ کی جائے۔ پاکستانی وزیر اعظم نے کہا کہ مسلم اقوام کی مشترکہ ٹاسک فورس بنائی جائے اور دو ریاستی حل پر عمل درآمد کو یقینی بنایا جائے۔ انہوں نے کہا کہ اگر اسلامی ممالک اب بھی متحد نہ ہوئے تو تاریخ ہمیں معاف نہیں کرے گی۔ ترک صدر نے کہا کہ اسرائیل سمجھتا ہے کہ کوئی اس پر سوال نہیں اٹھا سکتا۔ اس عرب اسلامی سربراہی اجلاس سے عرب لیگ اور او آئی سی کے سیکرٹری جنرلز کے علاوہ ایران، عراق، مصر اور فلسطینی اتھارٹی کے نمائندوں نے بھی خطاب کیا۔ تاہم قطر کے پڑوس میں طاقتور عرب ممالک بالخصوص سعودی عرب، متحدہ عرب امارات، کویت، بحرین، اردن اور شام نے انتہائی احتیاط سے کام لیا اور بیان بازی پر اعتراض کیا۔ عرب اسلامی سربراہی اجلاس کے اختتام پر متحدہ اسلامی ممالک نے دوحہ پر مکمل یقین کا اظہار کرتے ہوئے کہا کہ ہم ممکنہ انتقامی کارروائی کے لیے نامعلوم حمایتی ہیں، ایک غیر جاندار فوجی مرکز کو نشانہ بنانا امن کے اقدامات کو سبوتاژ کرنے کے مترادف ہے، قطر کے ذہین اور سمجھدار کردار کی تعریف، مصر اور امریکا کی جاری فوجی کارروائیوں کو دنیا میں نارمل پالیسیوں کا استعمال کرتے ہوئے اسرائیل اور اسرائیل کی پالیسیوں کو نارمل پالیسی قرار دیا گیا۔ اسلحے کے طور پر محاصرے اور بھوک کو جنگی جرم قرار دیتے ہوئے فلسطینی علاقوں کو آباد کرنے یا ہجرت پر مجبور کرنے کے کسی بھی ممکنہ اسرائیلی فیصلے کی مذمت کرتے ہوئے عالمی برادری پر زور دیا گیا کہ وہ قطر، غزہ، مغربی کنارے اور دیگر علاقوں میں جاری تنازعات کو روکنے کے لیے اقوام متحدہ کی جنرل اسمبلی، نیویارک میں حالیہ اعلان کا خیرمقدم کرتے ہوئے مشرق وسطیٰ کو صاف ستھرا بنانے کے لیے دو طرفہ حل کی ضرورت پر زور دیا۔ غیر قانونی ہتھیاروں سے پاک تباہی داعش اپنے اہل علم کے لیے چند اہم نکات پیش کرتا ہوں، دعا ہے کہ میں اسے بے نقاب کر دوں۔ وہ تمام اشتعال انگیز بیانات پڑھیں جو عرب اسلامی سربراہی اجلاس میں ہونے والی بحث کی بنیاد تھے۔ اس کے بعد جاری ہونے والی مشترکہ اسلامی سربراہی کانفرنس کی عمومی خبروں پر بھی ایک نظر ڈالیں۔ آپ کو اندازہ ہو گا کہ بہت سے اشتعال انگیز بیانات سستی تشہیر یا دکھاوے کے لیے دئیے جاتے ہیں جن کی اہمیت اس قدر بھی نہیں کہ مشترکہ اسلامی سربراہی اجلاس کا حصہ بنایا جائے۔ خاص طور پر پاکستانی الفاظ شاید دوسری عرب اقوام یا اسلامی حکمرانوں سے زیادہ بھرے ہوئے ہیں۔ اس کے مقابلے میں شاید جس میزبان ملک کو نشانہ بنایا جا رہا ہے وہ بھی اس حد تک جانا پسند نہیں کرتا، حالانکہ ہمارے پاکستانی حکمران مفروروں کی رہائی کے لیے ان پر زور لگاتے پائے جاتے ہیں۔ ہمارے موجودہ جہادی حکمرانوں کو اس فعل کا نشانہ ضرور بنایا جانا چاہیے۔ پاکستانی رہنماؤں کے سنسنی خیز بیانات شاید کسی نہ کسی طرح اپنے اسلامی لوگوں کو مطمئن کرنے یا ان کی بڑھتی ہوئی مذہبی خواہشات کی تسکین کے لیے بنائے گئے ہیں۔ اب اگر ہمارا میڈیا شہ سرخیوں پر غور کریں، چاہے پرنٹ ہو، الیکٹرانک ہو یا سوشل میڈیا، تو ایسا محسوس ہوتا ہے کہ ایک انقلاب آگیا ہے، اور عالم اسلام کفر کے خلاف متحد ہو گیا ہے۔ اس لیے اسرائیل اب خطرے میں ہے۔ بلکہ ہماری عوامی صلیبی جنگ یہ ہے کہ اے مسلمانو متحد ہو کر اسرائیل کے ناپاک وجود کو روئے زمین سے مٹا دو۔ احتجاج کی آوازیں پاکستان سے نہیں اسلامی ایران سے اٹھ رہی ہیں بلکہ اعلیٰ ترین سطح سے اٹھ رہی ہیں۔ تاہم ایران اسرائیل جنگ کے بعد اس میں کچھ جمود آ گیا ہے۔ جہاں تک رضا کے عرب عوام پر اسرائیلی مظالم کا تعلق ہے تو اس میں کوئی شک نہیں۔ اس پر پوری دنیا میں نہ صرف مسلمان بلکہ غیر مسلم بھی شدید احتجاج کر رہے ہیں۔ ویٹی کن سٹی سے بھی دردناک بیانات آتے رہتے ہیں۔ یورپی شہری اور ان کے لوگ بھی کھل کر بول رہے ہیں۔ عرب اسلامک سمٹ کے بعد اگر ہمارے عام لوگ سمجھتے ہیں کہ اب ایک بہت بڑا اسلامی طوفان اٹھے گا تو کیوں نہیں؟ بات یہ ہے کہ اگر وہ موجودہ حالات پر نظر رکھیں تو انہیں معلوم ہونا چاہیے کہ غزہ کے مظلوم عوام عرصہ دراز سے چکی کے دو حصوں کے درمیان پسے ہوئے ہیں۔ 50 مسلم لیڈروں کے قتل کے بعد بھی انہیں اسی طرح کچلنے کا سلسلہ جاری ہے۔ وہ اسی دردناک خشک سالی کا شکار ہو رہے ہیں۔ درویش سے کہا جاتا ہے کہ زیادہ سچ نہ لکھو۔ اچھا، جتنا چاہو لکھو، لیکن کیا یہ تلخ زمینی حقائق کو مٹا سکے گا؟ اگر ہمارے بزرگ اسرائیل کو تباہ کر سکتے تو یہ اس کی پیدائش سے بہت پہلے ہی تباہ ہو چکا ہوتا۔ درویشوں کی نظر میں دنیا میں سعودی عرب سے بڑھ کر کوئی اسلامی ملک نہیں جو اسلام کا باپ اور اسلام کا مرکز ہو۔ میں یہ تلاش کر رہا تھا کہ سعودی قیادت نے اس عرب اسلامی ملک میں کیا کیا ہے اور پھر ہاشمی سلطنت کے وارث، خاندانِ نبوی کے چشم و چراغ محترم شاہ عبداللہ ڈوم نے کیا رہنمائی فراہم کی ہے۔ پہلی نظر کی خدمت میں ایک اور دلچسپ نکتہ۔ یہ بات قابل توجہ ہے کہ جب بھی یہ
خواہ وہ عوامی سطح پر جتنی چاہیں تالیاں حاصل کر لیں لیکن ان کی ناکامی یا نا کامی ایک بڑی بات سے زیادہ کچھ نہیں۔ بلند و بانگ دعوے جتنے بھی ہوں، مغربی ملٹری الائنس کے مقابلے میں، انہی خطوط پر اسلامی فوجی اتحاد کے لیے جو طاقت درکار ہے، وہ شاید دور دور تک نظر نہیں آتی۔ دنیا صرف مذہب کی بنیاد پر اس اتحاد کے اتحادیوں کو حیرت اور نفرت کی نگاہ سے دیکھ سکتی ہے جب کہ امت مسلمہ کی اندرونی خرابیاں اور نفرت انگیز فرقہ وارانہ، مذہبی اور سیاسی تقسیم پوری گہرائی میں موجود ہے۔ ہم پاکستانیوں کے لیے بہتر ہے کہ اس ڈوبتی جدوجہد میں ڈوبے ہوئے اپنے لوگوں کے مسائل اور ان کے ان گنت دکھوں اور مسائل کے حل کے لیے سوچیں۔ دنیا کے سامنے ہماری امت مسلمہ کا موقف یہ ہونا چاہیے کہ دہشت گردی یا دہشت گردی یا دہشت گردی انسانیت کی سب سے بڑی دشمن ہے۔ اس سے کوئی فرق نہیں پڑتا ہے کہ کوئی بھی تنظیم اسے انجام دے رہی ہے، تمام برادریوں کو بغیر کسی آداب کے نقصان پہنچایا جانا چاہئے۔ نسل کو اس کے خلاف کھڑا ہونا پڑے گا۔ اسرائیل کو بھی اپنے وجود کے دفاع کا اتنا ہی حق حاصل ہے جتنا کہ کسی دوسرے ملک یا کمیونٹی کو۔ جو بے گناہ انسانی موتیں رہ گئی ہیں، خواہ وہ مسلمانوں کی ہوں یا یہودیوں کی، ہندوؤں کی ہوں یا عیسائیوں کی، ان کی اموات خواہ وہ کسی بھی برادری، تنظیم یا جماعت کی ہوں، قابل مذمت اور ناقابل قبول ہیں۔ مشرق وسطیٰ میں دو ریاستوں کے بارے میں حالیہ بحث پر توجہ دی جانی چاہیے۔
The provided text, an excerpt from a YouTube video transcript by , primarily offers a critical analysis of contemporary global political events, with a specific focus on the Israel-Palestine conflict and United Nations proceedings. The author begins by discussing the difficulty of selecting topics given the current political climate, quickly moving to criticize the media’s one-sided reporting on issues like the defense agreement between Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. The core of the discussion scrutinizes the possibility of a Palestinian state being established, arguing that while theoretically no one, including the U.S. and Israel, opposes it, the actions of groups like Hamas have made the realization of a state unlikely. Furthermore, the source provides a detailed critique of U.S. President Donald Trump’s controversial speech at the UN General Assembly, condemning his rhetorical style and his criticisms of European immigration policies and the UN itself.
The Struggle for Palestinian Statehood
Palestinian statehood is a complex topic discussed in the sources, focusing primarily on international sentiment, historical attempts, and the impact of recent events and the role of Hamas.
International Support and Aims
The sources indicate that, in principle, no one in the world opposes the establishment of a separate Palestinian state in the land of Canaan (Khata-e-Kanan) or the land of Israel (Khata-e-Israel)—a stance that includes both the United States and Israel.
Many powerful countries have reportedly issued statements in favor of establishing a Palestinian state, including European nations like England, France, and Germany, as well as Canada, Australia, and Portugal.
Historically, it was the US that worked to convince Israel on this matter, leading to formal agreements and negotiations with the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO).
Historical and Negotiated Progress
Several key moments were identified as steps toward realizing statehood:
1948 Establishment: A separate Palestinian state was theoretically established by Britain at the same time as the Israeli state. However, the sources note that the Arabs themselves refused to accept this plan and subsequently launched an attack on Israel.
Palestinian Authority (PA): The creation of the Palestinian Authority under Yasser Arafat and later Mahmoud Abbas (Abu Mazen) was viewed as a concrete, practical step toward establishing a separate Palestinian state.
Conditions for Statehood: This progress was contingent upon the Palestinians recognizing Israel and refraining from attacking its security.
Gaza Withdrawal (2005): The negotiation process led to the Israeli Prime Minister Sharon being forced (due to US pressure) to end the occupation and hand Gaza over to the Palestinian Authority in 2005. This resulted in millions of Jews leaving their fortified homes in tears. The sources also note that prior to 1967, Gaza was not held by any Palestinian authority but was part of the capital territory of the Arab Republic of Egypt.
Despite these opportunities, the sources ask who the elements were that sabotaged the renewed progress toward a separate Palestinian state following the 1993 agreement, which was facilitated by American goodwill.
Current Obstacles and Future Doubts
The sources point to current geopolitical realities and the actions of Hamas as major impediments to statehood:
Hamas’s Actions: The attacks of October 7th by Hamas are seen as having destroyed all agreements that had been reached between Israelis and Palestinians under American guidance.
Loss of Trust: Following this “bitter experience,” the sources express doubt that the previous American and Israeli trust can ever be restored. Consequently, the view is put forward that no such state will be established now.
Rewarding Terrorism: Former US President Trump’s viewpoint was mentioned, suggesting that recognizing a Palestinian state under current conditions would be a gift or reward for Hamas.
International Conditions for Recognition: The Italian Prime Minister stated that Italy would not recognize any Palestinian state until the government of Hamas is separated (or removed), despite facing considerable domestic pressure on the issue.
The Conflict: The ongoing conflict is characterized as the helpless Palestinian people being crushed like wheat between the two millstones of Hamas and Israel. A ceasefire is currently being delayed because of the need for Hamas to release all Israeli hostages.
Media and Propaganda
The sources challenge the prevailing media narrative which suggests that “Jews and Christians” have formed a unified alliance of hatred (“Al Kuff Millat Wahida”) to prevent the establishment of a Palestinian state. The text contends that this notion is propagated unfairly, suggesting that the root causes of the failure lie in internal historical rejections and subsequent sabotage.
Trump’s Criticism and UN General Assembly Debates
The sources discuss the UN General Assembly (UNGA) primarily in the context of recent global debates, US President Donald Trump’s controversial address, and discussions surrounding the Gaza conflict and illegal immigration.
General Context and Focus
The UN General Assembly sessions, along with the address by President Donald Trump, were identified as a main topic of interest in the sources. The sources specifically mention the “colorful global debates” (रंगारंगी आलमी बहसों) that occur within the UN General Assembly.
Criticism of the UN and its Role
President Trump used his address and platform to severely criticize the United Nations, characterizing it as a “failed and useless organization” (नाकामो नकारा इदारा).
Key criticisms leveled at the UN by Trump, according to the sources, include:
Failure to Cooperate on Peace: Trump claimed that he had worked diligently as the American President to establish peace (citing ceasefires between Pakistan and India, and in seven countries), but the UN—the global institution responsible for this work—did not cooperate with him at all.
Patronage of Illegal Immigration: Trump asserted that the UN agency has become a patron of illegal immigrants (गैर कानानूनी तारकीने वतन का सरपरस्त). He alleged that the UN is orchestrating an attack by these people on Western countries, under the pretense of settling migrants, while the institution’s core objective was the establishment of world peace.
Moral Responsibility: Trump also claimed that China and India were responsible for the deaths of thousands of innocent people in Ukraine because they continued to purchase Russian fuel.
President Trump’s UNGA Address
The sources highlight the controversial nature of President Trump’s address at the UNGA, noting that he was threatening his opponents and the entire world while standing there. Specific details about his conduct and statements include:
Suppression of Free Speech: A question was raised as to why the microphone was being shut off during the speeches of other world leaders at the UN General Assembly, particularly given that the US is supposedly the world’s leading proponent of freedom of expression.
Personal Attacks: Trump was criticized for displaying such a “small-mindedness” (छोटापन) that he would attack the elected Mayor of London, Sadiq Khan, during his speech in the UNGA. He claimed Khan was ruining the city and trying to impose Sharia law.
Immigration Warning: Trump warned that European nations like Greece, Germany, and Switzerland were turning their countries into “hell” by opening their borders to illegal immigrants.
Interactions and Discussions within the UNGA Context
The sources indicate that the UNGA served as a key location for discussions and anticipated meetings related to the Gaza conflict:
Anticipated Meeting: There was considerable anticipation that a special meeting would occur during the UNGA session involving six Arab Muslim rulers and President Trump.
Hope for Ceasefire: It was hoped that these influential rulers would be able to convince the American President to enforce a ceasefire in Gaza.
Clashes of Leaders: Details were reportedly observed regarding the “squabbles and bickering” (नोकझोंक और छेड़छाड़) that took place during the speeches delivered by Turkish President Erdogan and Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu at the UN General Assembly.
Palestinian Statehood: Trump’s view that recognizing a Palestinian state under current conditions would be a gift or reward for Hamas was mentioned in the context of the proceedings.
Trump’s Controversial UN Address and World View
Donald Trump is discussed extensively in the sources, primarily concerning his controversial address at the UN General Assembly (UNGA), his severe criticism of international bodies, his claims regarding global peacekeeping, and his stance on Palestinian statehood.
The Controversial UN General Assembly Address
President Trump’s address at the UN General Assembly was a central topic of discussion in the sources, characterized as “unsettling or surprising” (pareshank ya hairank) and even “meaningless” or “absurd” (laayaani).
Behavior and Conduct:
While delivering his address at the UN, Trump was described as “threatening his opponents and the entire world”.
The sources questioned why the microphone was being shut off during the speeches of other world leaders at the UN General Assembly, especially since America is considered the greatest “propagator and champion of freedom of expression” worldwide.
Personal Attacks and “Small-mindedness”:
Trump was criticized for displaying such “small-mindedness” (chotaapan) that he attacked the elected Mayor of London, Sadiq Khan, during his UNGA speech.
He alleged that Khan was ruining London, a beautiful cultural city, and trying to impose Sharia law.
He also claimed that Khan had given London over to the control of immigrants.
The sources noted that Trump had previously made similar remarks about an Asian-origin candidate for the Mayor of New York in Medship.
Criticism of the UN and Immigration Policy
Trump used his platform to deliver severe criticism, characterizing the United Nations as a “failed and useless organization” (naakaamo nakaara idaara).
UN and Immigration:
Trump asserted that the UN agency has become the “patron of illegal immigrants” (ghair kaanaanuni taarikine watan ka sarparast).
He alleged that the UN is orchestrating an “invasion” (yalgaar) of these people on Western countries under the guise of settling migrants, despite the UN’s core objective being the establishment of world peace.
He warned that European nations like Greece, Germany, and Switzerland were turning their countries into “hell” by opening their borders to illegal immigrants.
He claimed that the jails in these European countries were filled with criminals who entered through illegal immigration.
Claims of Peacekeeping and Global Responsibility
Trump claimed that he, as the American President, had done more work for “the establishment of peace” than the UN.
He cited achieving a ceasefire between Pakistan and India.
He listed seven other countries where, according to his claims, he enforced a ceasefire or truce.
He specifically complained that the UN, which is the major global institution responsible for peace, “did not cooperate with him at all” in this work.
In a different critical vein, Trump claimed that China and India were responsible for the deaths of thousands of innocent people in Ukraine because they continued to purchase Russian fuel. The sources questioned whether this kind of language was appropriate for an American President.
Stance on Palestinian Statehood
A key viewpoint held by Trump regarding the Israel-Palestine conflict was highlighted:
He suggested that recognizing a Palestinian state under current conditions would be a “gift or reward for Hamas”.
Diplomatic Interactions and Public Perception
There was anticipation that a special meeting would occur during the UNGA session involving six Arab Muslim rulers and President Trump. It was hoped that these influential rulers would be able to convince the American President to enforce a ceasefire in Gaza.
The sources noted that traditional flatterers (rawayati khushamadi) went to extremes in their flattery (khushamad ki hadd kar di), praising Trump as the “greatest champion of peace” (aman ka dai aalam bardar) in the world, claiming he was ending wars globally and highlighting the ceasefire with India as a great favor (ehsaan azeem).
Saudi Arabia and Pakistan: Defense and MbS Reforms
The discussion of Saudi Arabia in the sources focuses on the relationship between Saudi Arabia and Pakistan, the character of the current leadership, and the postponement of a critical review of a defense agreement.
The Pakistan-Saudi Defense Agreement
The sources state that the author’s original intention was to discuss the “fruits of the Pak-Saudi defense agreement”. However, this discussion was ultimately deferred, as a critical review of the defense deal or agreement between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Pakistan was deemed to require a separate, dedicated article.
Regarding media coverage of this agreement:
The sources criticize the media for presenting a “one-sided emotional picture”.
It is suggested that the narrative of an “Islamic NATO” is being propagated to appeal to the political interests of the established powers.
Affection and Leadership
The sources express “full love” for Saudi Arabia, mentioning the holy sites, such as the Baladul Ameen.
Particular attention is given to the current Saudi leadership:
The current Saudi ruler, Crown Prince Muhammad bin Salman (MbS), is described as a “charismatic personality”.
MbS is praised for undertaking “revolutionary steps” intended to transform his country’s conservatism into modernity and progress.
The author states that they have been a vocal supporter (hamnumai) of the Crown Prince’s planning and execution of reforms from the very first day.
Hamas, Hostages, and the Collapse of Israeli-Palestinian Peace
The sources discuss the Hamas-Israel conflict primarily through the lens of recent events, the destruction of existing agreements, international efforts toward a ceasefire, and the role of HamasThe sources discuss the Hamas-Israel conflict primarily through the lens of recent events, the destruction of existing agreements, international efforts toward a ceasefire, and the role of Hamas as a significant obstacle to peace and Palestinian statehood.
The Impact of October 7th
The sources identify the October 7th attacks by Hamas as a pivotal moment that fundamentally altered the dynamics of the conflict:
Hamas’s actions on October 7th are stated to have “destroyed all agreements” (tiya panca kar dala hai) that had been reached between Israelis and Palestinians under American guidance.
Following this “bitter experience” (salḳ tağribah), doubt is expressed that the previous American and Israeli trust can ever be restored. Consequently, the sources conclude that no Palestinian state will be established now.
Obstacles to Ceasefire and Peace
The immediate issue stalling a ceasefire is the fate of the hostages held by Hamas:
The current conflict is stuck because “the problem is the same: until the dog leaves the well, how can the well be clean?”.
A ceasefire is being delayed and “will remain a victim of delay” (iltwa ka shikaar rahegi) until Hamas releases all Israeli hostages (tamam isriliy yajmaliyon ko riha nahi karta).
The sources question why influential Arab Muslim rulers meeting at the UN General Assembly “cannot put a bridle on Hamas” (Hamas ko kyon lagaam nahi daal sakte).
The sources criticize Hamas for keeping the hostages, noting that if 20 Israeli hostages are alive and the bodies of 28 or 38 Israeli hostages are also being held, keeping them is a “barbaric act devoid of humanity” (insaniyat se guri hui gunaani harkat nahi hai).
The question is raised as to what Hamas ultimately desires, given the immense human devastation and the thousands of Palestinians killed.
International Views and Diplomacy
The conflict was a major topic during the UN General Assembly session, spurring diplomatic efforts and statements:
There was anticipation that six Arab Muslim rulers would hold a special meeting with US President Trump during the UNGA session, with the hope that these influential leaders could “convince the American President to enforce a ceasefire in Gaza”.
The Prime Minister of Italy stated that Italy would not recognize any Palestinian state until the government of Hamas is separated (or removed).
Former US President Donald Trump’s view was noted: recognizing a Palestinian state under current conditions would be a “gift or reward for Hamas”.
The Emir of Qatar was quoted as making a critical comment about Israel’s policy, stating that “killing opponents after inviting them for negotiations is the policy of Israel”.
Details were observed regarding the “squabbles and bickering” (nokjhoṇk aur chheṛchhāṛ) that took place during the speeches delivered by Turkish President Erdogan and Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu at the UN General Assembly.
The Plight of Palestinians
The sources characterize the situation of the Palestinian people caught in the conflict as helpless:
The “helpless Palestinian people” (bebas filistini awam) are being “crushed like wheat” (gehū̃ ki tarah pise ja rahe hain) between the two millstones of Hamas and Israel.
Media and Propaganda
The sources also address the handling of the conflict in the media:
The sources criticize the media for not highlighting the humanitarian issue surrounding the hostages held by Hamas.
The prevailing media narrative that “Jews and Christians” (Yahud-o-Nasara) have formed an alliance of hatred (Al Kuff Millat Wahida) to prevent the establishment of a Palestinian state is challenged as unfair propaganda.
इंसानों के नाम अफजार रिहान यूएन का आलमी रोल और प्रेसिडेंट ट्रंप आज मौजुआत की इस कदर भरमार है समझ नहीं आ रही कि किस पर कलम उठाया जाए और किसे नजरअंदाज कर दिया जाए दरवेश की हमेशा यह तमन्ना होती है कि सिर्फ इन्हीं इश्यूज को उठाया जाए जहां कोई कजी या टेढ़ हो जहां हमारा मीडिया हालातो वाक्यात की याक रुखी तस्वीर पेश कर रहा हो तो वहां लाजमन तस्वीर का दूसरा रुख वाज़ किया जाना चाहिए जिसकी बुनियाद सिर्फ और सिर्फ ह्यूमन इंटरेस्ट हो लेकिन अगर हमारा स्वाद आजम दुरुस्त समत में जा रहा हो तो वहां अपनी डेढ़ मरले की अलग मस्जिद बनाना या मौबे दरैन के लिए वाजे हकाय की जिगली करते जाना ना सिर्फ अपने बल्कि अमतुनास के औकात का जिया महसूस होता है आज इरादा तो पाक सऊदिया दफाई मुयदे के समररा पर बहस करने और इनका तनकीदी जायजा लेने का था बिलखसूस इसलिए कि हमारा मीडिया इसकी बहुत यख रुखी जज्बाती तस्वीर कशी कर रहा है बहुत से सवालात हकायक हैं जिन पर ना किसी का ध्यान जा रहा है ना उन्हें कोई ज़रे बहस ला रहा है बल्कि अपने आतुल मुस्लिमीन को बेवकूफ बनाने के लिए किसी इस्लामी नेटो के ज़हूर की कहानियां गड़ी जा रही हैं यह सराबकि हमारी ताकतवर इस्टैब्लिशमेंट के सियासी मफाद में जाता है लिहाजा इस नो का सौदा खूब बेचा और खरीदा जा रहा है बिलाश सऊदी अरब से हम सब भरपूर मोहब्बत रखते हैं हजाजी अज़ मुकद्दस बलादुल अमीन हो या इसराइलीनानी अज़ मुकद्दस यरूशलम हो तीनों जतून या तुरसीना हो इनकी मोहब्बतें ना चीज़ के खून में मोजन है और फिर सऊदिया के मौजूदा हुक्मरान क्राउन प्रिंस इज्जत मा मोहम्मद बिन सलमान तो एक शमाती शख्सियत हैं जो अपने मुल्क की कदामत पसंदी को जिद्द और तरक्की में बदलने के लिए इंकलाबी इदामात उठा रहे हैं यह दरवेश रोजे अवल से इनकी हमनुमाई और पेशबंदी में अहम आवाज उठाते चले आ रहा है किंगडम ऑफ सऊदी अरेबिया और पाकिस्तान के दरमियान तय पाने वाली दफाई डील या मुदे पर बहस किसी अलग आर्टिकल की मुतकाजी है इसलिए उसे तभी तक के लिए उठाए रखे हैं आज का मौजू यूएन जनरल असेंबली में होने वाली रंगारंगी आलमी बहसों बिलखसूस अनोखे अमकी प्रेसिडेंट डोनाल्ड ट्रंप के परेशानक या हैरानक खिताब का जायजा होना चाहिए और यह भी कि क्या वाकई कोई फिलिस्तीनी रियासत ख्ता-ए-कनान या ख़्ता इसराइल में बिल फेल बनने जा रही है जिस तरह यह शोर है कि इंग्लैंड फ्रांस और जर्मनी जैसे ताकतवर यूरोपी मुालिक ही नहीं कनाडा ऑस्ट्रेलिया और पुर्तगाल जैसे मुालिक भी फिलिस्तीनी रियासत कायम करने के हक में बयानात दे रहे हैं अगर असूली तौर पर देखा जाए तो ख्ता-कनान में अलग फिलिस्तीनी रियासत के कयाम का दुनिया में मुखालिफ कोई भी नहीं है अमेरिका और इसराइल भी नहीं क्योंकि ये अमेरिका ही था जिसने इस हवाले से इसराइल को कायल करते हुए पीएलओ से मजाकात ही नहीं बाजाप्ता मुयदे भी करवाए थे यासिर अरफाज और अबू माजन महमूद अब्बास की कयादत में फस्तीनी अथॉरिटी का कयाम दर हकीकत अलग फस्तीनी रियासत की तरफ ठोस अमली पेशरफ्त थी शर्त मौज यह थी कि आप लोग इसराइल को तस्लीम करते हुए इसकी सलामती पर हमलावर नहीं होंगे यह इसी मजाकराती प्रोसेस का सम था जिसने 2005 में इसरली प्राइम मिनिस्टर शेरून को मजबूर किया अमेरिका ने 40 बरस कब इसका कब्जा खत्म करवाते हुए गजा फस्तीनी अथॉरिटी को सौंप दिया हत्ता के लाखों यहूद रोते हुए अपनी मजबूत किला नुमा रहशगाहें छोड़ते हुए यहां से अमकी दबाव पर निकले यह अम्र भी वाज़ रहे कि 1967 से कब भी यह ख्ा किसी फिलस्तीनी अथॉरिटी के पास नहीं था बल्कि अरब रिपब्लिक इजिप्ट की राजदानी का हिस्सा था हमारे मीडिया में नारवा तौर पर यह प्रोपोगेंडा है कि जैसे यहूदो नसारा ने हम मुसलमानों के खिलाफ किसी नौक का कोई नफरत भरा एकका कर रखा है अल कुफ मिल्लत वाहिदा जैसे स्लोगन बुलंद करते हुए इस नौ का शदीद इस्तलाल किया जाता है कि वो सब इकट्ठे होकर बेचारे फिलिस्तीनी मुसलमानों को मरवा रहे हैं और इनकी अलग फिलिस्तीनी रियासत बनने नहीं दे रहे हमारे इन भोले सादा लो अहबाब पर वाज़ होना चाहिए कि असूली तौर पर अलग फ़िलस्तीनी रियासत का कयाम 1948 में इसी वक्त कर दिया गया था जब इसराइली रियासत का कयाम वकूफ पज़र हुआ और इसी बर्तनानिया ने किया जिसने इसराइल और पाकिस्तान मजहब के नाम पर बनवाए लेकिन वो क्या आमल थे जिनके कारण तब खुद अरबों ने उसे कबूल करने से इंकार करते हुए यकबार्गी नजायदा इसराइल पर यलगार कर दी और फिर 1993 में अमकी मेहरबानी से उस मुहदा कराते हुए दोबारा अलग फिलिस्तीनी रियासत की तरफ पेशर भी तो उसे दोबारा सबूताई करने वाले कौन से अनासिर थे अगर हम इसकी तफसील में जाएंगे तो यूएन में होने वाली दिलचस्प तारीर बिलखसूस प्रेसिडेंट ट्रंप के लायानी खिताब का मोहकात्मा नहीं कर सकेंगे जो यूएन में खड़े होकर अपने मुखालफिन को ही नहीं पूरी दुनिया को धमका रहे थे और हद है कि इनका अपना टेलीप्रटर तो खराब हुआ या जो भी कहानी थी अकवामेदा की जनरल असेंबली में खिताब करते हुए दीगर आलमी लीडरान की तकरीर पर माइक क्यों बंद किया जा रहा था अमेरिका तो दुनिया भर में आजादी इज़हार का सबसे बड़ा प्रचार को आलम बरदार है तो फिर मुखालफाना आवाजों पर यह सलूक करते हुए आप अकवामे आलम और इन पर मुसल्लत इस्तबदादी कुतों को क्या पैगाम दे रहे हैं क्या अमकी प्रेसिडेंट इतना छोटापन भी दिखा सकता है कि वो यूएन जनरल असेंबली में खड़े अपने तई दिल की बातें करते हुए लंदन के मुंतखब मेयर पर चढ़ाई कर दे ये कहते हुए कि सादर खान लंदन जैसे खूबसूरत तहजीबी शहर को बर्बाद कर रहा है वो लंदन में शरीयत नाफज़ करना चाहता है उसे इमीग्रेंट्स के कंट्रोल में दे चुका है और मैं आइंदा वहां नहीं जाऊंगा मा कब्ल इसी नो के अल्फाज़ उन्होंने न्यूयॉर्क में मेडशिप के एशियाई नियाद उम्मीदवार के मुतलिक भी कहने शुरू कर दिए थे यहां यूएन में ट्रंप कह रहे थे कि यूरोपीय मुालिक गैर कानानूनी तारकीने वतन के लिए सरहदें खोलकर अपने मुालिक को जहन्नुम बना रहे हैं यूनान जर्मनी स्विट्जरलैंड और दीगर यूरोपीय मुालिक की जेलों में जरा पेशा गैर कानूनी इमीग्रेशन से पहुंचे हुए कैदी हैं यूएन का अदारा गैर कानानूनी तारकीने वतन का सरपरस्त बन चुका है यह मुहाजरीन को बसाने के नाम पर वेस्टर्न कंट्रीज पर अपने इन लोगों की यलगार करवा रहा है जबकि इस अदारे का असल मकसद दुनिया में अमन का कयाम था प्रेसिडेंट ट्रंप ने यूएन पर शदीद तनकीद करते हुए कहा कि मैंने अमेकी प्रेसिडेंट की हैसियत से कयाम अमन के लिए ज्यादा काम किया है पाकिस्तान और इंडिया में फायरबंदी से लेकर उन्होंने सात मुालिक के नाम गिनवाए जहां ट्रंप के बकौल उन्होंने जंगबंदी करवाई लेकिन जिस बड़े आलमी इदारे का यह काम था यानी यूनाइटेड नेशन इसने इस काम में मेरे साथ जरा भी तामन नहीं किया यह एक नाकामो नकारा इदारा है चाइना और इंडिया रशियन ईंधन खरीदते हुए यूक्रेन में हजारों बेगुनाहों की अमवात के जिम्मेदार हैं सवाल पैदा होता है कि क्या किसी अमकी प्रेसिडेंट को इस नौ की जुबान या अल्लाम तराशी जेब देती है अलबत्ता इनकी एक बात दिलचस्प थी कि मौजूदा हालात में फिलस्तीनी रियासत को तस्लीम करना हमा के लिए तोहफा या नाम होगा अमीर कतर ने खूबसूरत बात कही कि मजाकात पर बुलाकर मुखालफीन को कत्ल करना इसराइल की पॉलिसी है हम यहां यूएन में गजा जंग रुकवाने और इसराइली यरगमालियों को छुड़वाने के लिए आए हैं इटली के प्राइम मिनिस्टर ने कहा कि हमास की हुकूमत से अदगी तक हम किसी फिलिस्तीनी रियासत को तस्लीम नहीं करेंगे हालांकि इन पर अपने मुल्क में इस हवाले से खासा दबाव है अभी पिछले रोज मैलान में फिलिस्तीनी रियासत के लिए खून रेज झड़पें हुई हैं जिनमें 60 के करीब इटालियन पुलिस वाले जख्मी हुए अमेरिकी रहनुमाई में इसराइलियों और फिलस्तीनियों में अब तक जितने भी मुहायदे हुए हैं हमास ने 7 अक्टूबर के इदाम से इन सब का तिया पंचा कर डाला है इस सल्ख तजुर्बे के बाद दरवेश को नहीं दिखता कि वो साबका अमकी और इसराइली एतमाद कभी दोबारा बहाल हो सकेगा नतीजातन ऐसी कोई रियासत अब बिल फेल कभी ना बन सकेगी इस सिलसिले में यूएन जनरल असेंबली में तुर्क प्रेसिडेंट अर्दवान और इसराइली प्राइम मिनिस्टर नेतन याू की तकारीर में होने वाली नोकझोंक और छेड़छाड़ की तफसीलात मुलाहजा की जा सकी हैं जो खासी दिलचस्प है कई रोज से बहुत शोर था कि यूएन जनरल असेंबली इजलास के दौरान छ अरब मुस्लिम हुक्मरानों की अमकी प्रेसिडेंट ट्रंप के साथ खुसूसी मुलाकात होने जा रही है उम्मीद की जा रही थी कि यह बासर हुक्मरान अमेरिकी प्रेसिडेंट को गजा जंगबंदी पर कायल कर लेंगे लेकिन मसला वही जब तक कुत्ता कुएं से ना निकले कुआं पाक कैसे होगा जब तक हमास तमाम इसरलीय जमालियों को रिहा नहीं करता ये जंगबंदी भी इल्तवा का शिकार रहेगी सवाल यह है कि तमाम बासर अरब मुस्लिम हुक्मरान वहां मिलकर हमास को क्यों लगाम नहीं डाल सकते चक्की के इन दो पार्टों में यानी हमास और इसराइल बेबस फिलिस्तीनी आवाम गेहूं की तरह पिसे जा रहे हैं हमास ऐसा कौन सा मुंहजोर घोड़ा है जिसे काबू नहीं किया जा सकता अगर 20 इसराइली यर्गमाली जिंदा है और 28 या 38 के करीब मारे गए इसरली यर्गमालियों की लाशें हैं तो हमास उन्हें अपने पास किस खुशी में रखे हुए हैं क्या यह इंसानियत से गुरी हुई गुनानी हरकत नहीं है इतनी इंसानी तबाही करवाने के बावजूद इतने हजारों फिलस्तीनी मरवाने के बावजूद हमास वाले आखिर और क्या चाहते हैं इस खालिस्तान इंसानी इशू को हमारे मीडिया में क्यों हाईलाइट नहीं किया जाता हमारा बुलंद परवाज गजा इशू पर बड़ी-बड़ी छोड़ता था कि ना जाने प्रेसिडेंट ट्रंप को मिलकर क्या कहेगा रवायती खुशामदी ने तो खुशामद की हद कर दी ट्रंप की तारीफों के पुल बांध दिए ट्रंप जी आपसे बड़ा अमन का दाई आलम बरदार तो दुनिया में कोई है ही नहीं आप अमन के दायू प्रचारक हैं दुनिया भर में जंगे खत्म करवा रहे हैं आपने इंडिया से हमारी जंगबंदी करवा कर एहसान अजीम किया है
انسانوں کے نام، اظفر ریحان، اقوام متحدہ اور صدر ٹرمپ کا عالمی کردار، آج مسائل کی ایسی بھرمار ہے کہ میں یہ سمجھنے سے قاصر ہوں کہ کس پر قلم اٹھاؤں اور کس کو نظر انداز کروں۔ درویش کی ہمیشہ خواہش ہوتی ہے کہ صرف وہی مسائل اٹھائے جائیں جہاں کوئی تنقید یا تحریف ہو۔ جہاں ہمارا میڈیا حالات کی تلخ تصویر پیش کر رہا ہے وہیں تصویر کا دوسرا رخ بھی پیش کرنا چاہیے جس کی بنیاد صرف انسانی مفاد پر ہونی چاہیے۔ لیکن اگر ہمارا ذوق صحیح سمت کی طرف جا رہا ہے تو ڈیڑھ مرلہ کی الگ مسجد بنانا یا اہلِ دنیا کے لیے حق گوئی کا نعرہ لگانا نہ صرف اپنی بلکہ عوام کے رتبے کی بھی توہین ہے۔ آج کا مقصد پاک سعودی عرب کے معاملے پر بحث اور تنقیدی جائزہ لینا تھا۔ خاص طور پر اس لیے کہ ہمارا میڈیا اس کی سخت اور جذباتی تصویر پیش کر رہا ہے۔ بہت سے حقیقی سوالات ہیں جن پر کوئی توجہ نہیں دے رہا۔ ان پر کوئی بحث بھی نہیں کر رہا، بلکہ ہمارے عاجز مسلمانوں کو بے وقوف بنانے کے لیے اسلامی نیٹ ورک کے وجود میں آنے کی کہانیاں گھڑ رہے ہیں۔ یہ معلومات ہماری طاقتور اسٹیبلشمنٹ کے سیاسی مفادات کو پورا کرتی ہیں، اس لیے یہ معلومات بکثرت خریدی اور فروخت کی جا رہی ہیں۔ درحقیقت ہم سب کو سعودی عرب سے بے پناہ محبت ہے۔ حضور صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ہوں یا رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم بیت المقدس، تینوں سیارے ہوں یا ترسینا، ان کی محبت ان کے خون میں پیوست ہے۔ سعودی عرب کے موجودہ حکمران، ولی عہد شہزادہ محمد بن سلمان، ایک لچکدار شخصیت ہیں جو اپنے ملک کی ترقی کے جذبے کو عزم اور ترقی میں تبدیل کرنے کے لیے انقلابی اقدامات کی قیادت کر رہے ہیں۔ یہ درویش سال کے آغاز سے ہی ان کی حمایت اور وکالت میں نمایاں آواز اٹھا رہا ہے۔ سعودی عرب اور پاکستان کے درمیان طے پانے والے سیکیورٹی ڈیل یا ایشو پر بحث ایک الگ مضمون کا معاملہ ہے۔ یہ متنازعہ ہے، اس لیے اسے اس وقت تک زیر التواء رکھا گیا ہے۔ آج کا موضوع اقوام متحدہ کی جنرل اسمبلی میں ہونے والے رنگا رنگ عالمی مباحثوں کا جائزہ ہونا چاہیے، خاص طور پر منفرد امریکی صدر ڈونلڈ ٹرمپ کا پریشان کن یا حیران کن عنوان، اور یہ بھی کہ آیا واقعی ایک فلسطینی ریاست خطہ کنعان میں بننے والی ہے یا خطہ اسرائیل۔ جس طرح یہ چرچا ہے کہ انگلینڈ، فرانس اور جرمنی جیسے طاقتور یورپی ممالک ہی نہیں بلکہ کینیڈا، آسٹریلیا اور پرتگال جیسے ممالک بھی فلسطینی ریاست کے قیام کے حق میں بیانات دے رہے ہیں، اگر اصولی طور پر دیکھا جائے تو دنیا میں کوئی بھی خطہ کنعان میں علیحدہ فلسطینی ریاست کے قیام کا مخالف نہیں، حتیٰ کہ امریکہ یا اسرائیل بھی نہیں، جب کہ اس مسئلے پر صرف امریکہ، اسرائیل سے ہی نہیں بلکہ بہت سے ممالک کو جوڑ دیا گیا ہے۔ پی ایل او یاسر عرفاز اور ابو مازن محمود عباس کی قیادت میں فلسطینی اتھارٹی کا قیام درحقیقت ایک علیحدہ فلسطینی ریاست کی جانب ٹھوس عملی پیش رفت کی شرط تھی۔ مزے کی بات یہ تھی کہ آپ لوگ اسرائیل کو تسلیم کرتے ہوئے اس کی سلامتی پر حملہ نہیں کرتے۔ یہی مضحکہ خیز عمل تھا جس نے 2005 میں اسرائیلی وزیر اعظم شیرون کو مجبور کیا۔جب امریکہ نے اپنا 40سالہ قبضہ ختم کرکے غزہ کو فلسطینی اتھارٹی کے حوالے کیا تو لاکھوں یہودی اپنی مضبوط قلعہ نما رہائش گاہیں روتے ہوئے چھوڑ کر امریکی دباؤ پر چلے گئے۔ یہ بھی واضح رہے کہ 1967 کے بعد سے یہ خطہ کبھی بھی کسی فلسطینی اتھارٹی کے ماتحت نہیں تھا بلکہ عرب جمہوریہ مصر کے دارالحکومت کا حصہ تھا۔ ہمارے میڈیا میں اس طرح پروپیگنڈہ کیا جا رہا ہے کہ گویا یہود و نصاریٰ نے ہم مسلمانوں کے خلاف کوئی نفرت انگیز اتحاد بنا لیا ہے۔ القف ملت واحدہ جیسے نعرے لگا کر اس اتحاد کا یہ کہہ کر شدید استحصال کیا جاتا ہے کہ یہ سب مل کر غریب فلسطینی مسلمانوں کا قتل عام کر رہے ہیں اور انہیں علیحدہ فلسطینی ریاست نہیں بنانے دے رہے ہیں۔ یہ ہمارے معصوم اور سادہ لوح لوگ ہیں واضح رہے کہ اصل میں ایک علیحدہ فلسطینی ریاست 1948 میں اسی وقت قائم ہوئی تھی جب اسرائیل کی ریاست قائم ہوئی تھی اور یہ انہی ترکمنوں نے کی تھی جنہوں نے مذہب کے نام پر اسرائیل اور پاکستان کو بنایا تھا لیکن وہ کون سی حرکتیں تھیں جن کی وجہ سے خود عربوں نے اسے ماننے سے انکار کر دیا اور اچانک ایک بار پھر امریکہ کے ساتھ مل کر اسرائیل کے خلاف ہو گئے۔ علیحدہ فلسطینی ریاست اور پھر وہ کون سے عوامل تھے جنہوں نے اسے دوبارہ ثابت کیا؟ اگر ہم اس کی تفصیلات میں جائیں تو اقوام متحدہ میں ہونے والی دلچسپ تقریر کا مقابلہ نہیں کر پائیں گے، خاص طور پر صدر ٹرمپ کا وہ مزاحیہ بیان جو اقوام متحدہ میں کھڑے ہو کر نہ صرف اپنے مخالفین کو بلکہ پوری دنیا کو دھمکیاں دے رہا تھا اور سب سے بری بات یہ ہے کہ ان کا اپنا ٹیلی پیٹر ٹوٹ گیا یا کہانی جو بھی تھی، اقوام متحدہ کی جنرل اسمبلی سے خطاب کے دوران دیگر عالمی رہنماؤں کی مائیکرو فون پر تقریریں ٹوٹ گئیں۔ امریکہ کو کیوں بند کیا جا رہا تھا؟ دنیا میں آزادی اظہار کی سب سے بڑی پروموٹر دنیا ہے۔ پھر مخالف آوازوں کے ساتھ ایسا سلوک کرکے آپ دنیا اور ان پر حملہ آور کتے نما اسٹیبلشمنٹ کو کیا پیغام دے رہے ہیں؟ کیا ہمارا صدر اتنی گھٹیا پن کا مظاہرہ کر سکتا ہے کہ وہ اقوام متحدہ کی جنرل اسمبلی میں کھڑے ہو کر لندن کے منتخب میئر پر حملہ کر کے اپنے دل کی بات کہہ دے کہ سر خان لندن جیسے خوبصورت، ثقافتی شہر کو برباد کر رہے ہیں۔ وہ لندن میں شریعت کا نفاذ چاہتا ہے۔ اس نے اسے تارکین وطن کے کنٹرول میں دے دیا ہے اور میں دوبارہ وہاں نہیں جاؤں گا۔ لیکن اس سے قبل انہوں نے نیویارک میں صدارتی انتخابات کے لیے ایشیائی امیدوار کے حوالے سے بھی ایسے ہی الفاظ استعمال کرنا شروع کر دیے تھے۔ یہاں اقوام متحدہ میں ٹرمپ کہہ رہے تھے کہ یورپی ممالک یونان، جرمنی، سوئٹزرلینڈ اور دیگر یورپی ممالک میں غیر قانونی امیگریشن کے لیے سرحدیں کھول کر اپنے ملکوں کو جہنم بنا رہے ہیں۔
The source provides an overview and analysis of a twenty-point Gaza peace roadmap proposed by American President Donald Trump, created in consultation with eight Islamic nations, including both Arab and non-Arab states. The plan aims to end the ongoing conflict, focusing on de-escalation, reconstruction, and the demilitarization of Gaza, with an explicit goal of targeting and neutralizing Hamas while offering its members amnesty if they agree to disarmament and peaceful coexistence. Key features of the proposal include the exchange of prisoners and hostages, a phased Israeli withdrawal replaced by international forces, and the possibility of a future Palestinian autonomous state, though Israeli leadership has publicly stated they do not interpret the plan as accepting a two-state solution. The analysis also questions the plan’s feasibility, particularly given the deep-seated mutual distrust and the potential for domestic opposition within both the Palestinian and Israeli populations, suggesting that a lack of addressing fundamental religious animosities could ultimately cause the roadmap to fail.
The Trump Gaza Ceasefire Roadmap and Provisions
The Trump Gaza Roadmap (also referred to as the Gaza Ceasefire Road Map or Gaza Peace Plan) is a 20-point proposal presented by US President Donald Trump under significant international pressure, following a period in which 64,000 people were reported killed. The stated primary goal of the roadmap is the cessation of the bloody war that has been ongoing for two years and has resulted in the destruction of Gaza, turning cities and towns into ruins.
Development and Support
The roadmap was developed in consultation with eight Islamic and Arab countries. Trump’s team, which included his son-in-law Jared Kushner, worked with these countries to devise 21 points, which were consolidated into the 20-point plan intended to be enforced upon Israel.
The eight consulted nations included three non-Arab states (Turkey, Indonesia, and Pakistan) and five Arab states (Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Jordan, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates). The Foreign Ministers of these eight nations issued a joint declaration strongly supporting the plan, deeming it indispensable or key for peace and security in the region, while also leaving room for further negotiations.
Key Provisions of the Roadmap
The roadmap establishes several crucial steps aimed at stabilizing the region and restructuring Gaza:
Security and Demilitarization: The foremost point (Point 1) is to make Gaza a territory free of terrorism and extremism, ensuring it poses no threat to its neighbors, Israel and Egypt.
Hamas or any other militant group will have no direct or indirect role in the governance of Gaza (Point 13).
All terrorist centers and infrastructure, including tunnels and weapons manufacturing facilities, must be destroyed.
Gaza will be demilitarized under the supervision of neutral observers.
No Israeli Occupation or Annexation (Point 16): The plan explicitly clarifies that Israel will neither occupy Gaza nor annex any part of it.
Transition of Power: As Israeli Security Forces gradually withdraw, International Defense Forces will incrementally assume control to establish stability in Gaza. If Hamas rejects the roadmap, these International Defense and Stability Forces will still continue peaceful aid operations in the regions handed over to them.
Reconstruction: Gaza’s reconstruction will be carried out to benefit its population.
Focus on Hamas and Reconciliation
The sources suggest that the primary target of the Gaza peace plan is Hamas.
Amnesty for Fighters (Point 6): Following the release of hostages and a prisoner exchange, Hamas members who agree to peaceful coexistence and surrender their weapons will be granted general amnesty. They will be given safe passage and the necessary facilities to travel to countries that accept them if they wish to leave Gaza.
Prisoner and Hostage Exchange (Point 5): In exchange for 20 living Israeli hostages and 24 bodies, Israel will release 250 prisoners who have received life sentences from Israeli courts for proven crimes, along with 1,700 other Palestinians arrested after October 7 (including women and children). Furthermore, 15 bodies of Palestinians will be returned for every one body of an Israeli hostage.
Inter-Religious Dialogue (Point 18): Point 18 is highlighted as the most beneficial aspect of the roadmap. It stipulates the initiation of an inter-religious dialogue to transform the mindset of Israelis and Palestinians, eliminate mutual hatred, and highlight the benefits of peace. The sources contend that this religious hatred is the root of the conflict, and without addressing it, other schemes will fail.
Concerns and Challenges
Several challenges and questions regarding the plan’s viability are raised in the sources:
Hamas Rejection: It is anticipated that Hamas may reject the plan, believing it signals the death of its political power. However, Hamas is reportedly in a position of weakness, lacking external support, except for limited assistance from Iran, Turkey, and Qatar.
Israeli Commitment and the Two-State Solution: Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu assured his citizens that accepting the Gaza peace plan in no way means accepting a two-state solution in the region. This confirms public pressure within Israel against the two-state solution.
Future Palestinian State (Point 19): Point 19 states that, in deference to the eight Islamic/Arab nations, possibilities for establishing a Palestinian autonomous state will emerge once Gaza is reconstructed and the Palestinian Authority completes necessary reforms. The US would then initiate negotiations between Israelis and Palestinians to establish a political horizon for peaceful coexistence. However, the sources note that due to the events of October 7, 2023, the trust between the two factions has been destroyed, and neither the two-nation theory nor the two-state solution seems currently possible.
Motives and Guarantees: Questions are raised about the actual intent behind the plan, suggesting it might be an extension of the Abraham Accords aimed at compelling Muslim Arab states to recognize Israel. There is also concern that Israel, after achieving its objectives (such as the release of hostages), might violate its commitments and launch attacks on other neighboring Arab or Muslim countries once American pressure subsides.
Contextual Pressure: The introduction of the plan occurred shortly after the Israeli Prime Minister, under pressure from the US President, apologized to the Qatari Prime Minister for an “illegal attack” on Qatari territory that resulted in the death of a security guard, promising compensation and pledging never to attack Qatar again.
Trump’s Gaza Ceasefire Roadmap and Core Provisions
with these countries to devise the points which were consolidated into the final plan intended to be enforced upon Israel.
The Foreign Ministers of these eight nations issued a joint declaration strongly supporting the Gaza Ceasefire Road Map, deeming it indispensable or key for peace and security in the region, while also leaving room for further negotiations.
Core Provisions of the Ceasefire Plan
The plan establishes strict criteria for the governance and demilitarization of the territory:
Security and Demilitarization (Point 1): The foremost point states that Gaza must be made a territory free of terrorism and extremism that poses no threat to its neighbors, Israel and Egypt.
Hamas Exclusion (Point 13): Hamas or any other militant group will have no direct or indirect role in the governance of Gaza. All terrorist centers, infrastructure (including tunnels), and weapons manufacturing facilities must be destroyed. Gaza will be demilitarized under the supervision of neutral observers.
No Israeli Occupation or Annexation (Point 16): The roadmap explicitly ensures that Israel will neither occupy Gaza nor annex any part of it.
Transition of Control: As Israeli Security Forces withdraw incrementally, International Defense Forces will gradually take control to establish stability in Gaza. Even if Hamas rejects the plan, these International Defense and Stability Forces will continue peaceful aid operations in the regions handed over to them.
Reconstruction: The reconstruction of Gaza is mandated to benefit its population.
Focus on Hamas and Reconciliation
The sources contend that the primary target of the Gaza peace plan is Hamas.
Prisoner and Hostage Exchange (Point 5): The plan outlines a comprehensive exchange deal:
Israel will receive 20 living Israeli hostages and 24 bodies.
In return, Israel will release 250 prisoners serving life sentences for proven crimes, alongside 1,700 other Palestinians arrested after October 7 (including women and children).
Additionally, Israel will return 15 bodies of Palestinians for every one body of an Israeli hostage.
Amnesty for Fighters (Point 6): Hamas members who agree to peaceful coexistence and surrender their weapons will be granted general amnesty and life security. Those wishing to leave Gaza will receive safe passage and facilities to travel to countries that accept them.
Inter-Religious Dialogue (Point 18): Point 18 is highlighted as the most beneficial provision, calling for an inter-religious dialogue to change the mindset of Israelis and Palestinians. The goal is to eliminate mutual hatred and emphasize the benefits of peace. The sources argue that religious hatred is the root of the conflict, and without addressing this, all other schemes will fail.
Challenges and Concerns
Several significant concerns surround the viability and intent of the plan:
Hamas Rejection: Hamas is expected to reject the plan, as it views the proposal as the death of its political power. The sources note, however, that Hamas is currently in a weak position, lacking significant external support except for limited assistance from Iran, Turkey, and Qatar.
Israeli Commitment to Peace: Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu assured his citizens that accepting the Gaza peace plan in no way means accepting a two-state solution in the region. This reflects the public pressure within Israel against the two-state solution.
Future of Trust and Statehood: The events of October 7, 2023, are seen as having destroyed the trust between the two factions, suggesting that neither the two-nation theory nor the two-state solution seems possible at present.
Political Horizon (Point 19): Point 19 states that possibilities for establishing a Palestinian autonomous state will emerge once Gaza is reconstructed and the Palestinian Authority completes necessary reforms. The US would then initiate negotiations between Israelis and Palestinians to establish a political horizon for peaceful coexistence.
Guarantees and Motives: Questions have been raised regarding whether the plan is an extension of the Abraham Accords, aiming to compel Muslim Arab states to recognize Israel. There is also concern about the guarantee that Israel will adhere to its commitments and not violate the agreement or attack neighboring countries once American pressure subsides, especially after achieving objectives like the release of its hostages.
The Gaza Roadmap and the Demise of Hamas
The Trump Gaza Roadmap, or Gaza Ceasefire Plan, establishes a very specific and limited future role for Hamas, primarily focused on the cessation of its political and military activities. The sources contend that Hamas is the “actual target” of the entire peace plan.
Exclusion from Governance and Demilitarization
The roadmap dictates a complete removal of Hamas from any position of authority in Gaza:
No Role in Governance: Point 13 stipulates that Hamas or any other militant group will have no direct or indirect role in the governance of Gaza.
Demilitarization: Gaza must be transformed into a territory free of terrorism and extremism. This requires that all terrorist centers, infrastructure, including tunnels and weapons manufacturing facilities, be destroyed. Gaza will be demilitarized under the supervision of neutral observers.
Anticipated Reaction and Current Weakness
Hamas is expected to view this roadmap as an existential threat to its power:
Political Demise: It is suspected that Hamas will reject the plan because it perceives the proposal as the death of its political power (“सियासत या ताकत की मौत”).
Weakened Position: The sources note that Hamas is currently in a state of helplessness, as it has no substantial external support (“बैरूनी सपोर्ट हासिल नहीं रही”). While it receives limited financial aid (“महदूद माली इमदाद”) from Iran, Turkey, and Qatar, it is not in a position to leverage significant help.
Unsustainable Resistance: It is believed that Hamas will not be able to sustain its resistance movement for much longer. The sources suggest this is a crucial opportunity for the group not to waste the offered amnesty.
Amnesty and Peaceful Exit Option
For individual Hamas members, the roadmap offers a specific path toward amnesty:
General Amnesty (Point 6): Hamas members who agree to peaceful coexistence and surrender their weapons will be granted general amnesty and life security. This amnesty is granted following the completion of the hostage release and prisoner exchange process.
Safe Passage: Those who wish to leave Gaza will be provided safe passage and the necessary facilities to travel to countries willing to accept them.
Plan Enforcement Regardless of Rejection
Even if Hamas rejects the Gaza Ceasefire Plan or attempts to use delaying tactics, the sources indicate that the international transition will still proceed:
If Hamas rejects the roadmap, the International Defense and Stability Forces will still continue peaceful aid operations in the regions that have been handed over to them. These forces are scheduled to take control incrementally as Israeli Security Forces withdraw.
Trump Gaza Roadmap Security Analysis
The Trump Gaza Roadmap addresses Israel’s security concerns primarily through the demilitarization of Gaza, the destruction of terrorist infrastructure, and the permanent exclusion of Hamas from governance. However, the plan also introduces long-term security questions regarding regional stability and Israel’s commitment to future agreements.
Core Security Objectives for Israel
The foremost security objective stipulated in the roadmap is ensuring Gaza poses no threat to Israel:
Demilitarization of Gaza: Point 1 states that Gaza must be made a territory free of terrorism and extremism that poses no threat to its neighbors, Israel and Egypt.
Destruction of Infrastructure: Security measures include the mandate that all terrorist centers and infrastructure, including tunnels and weapons manufacturing facilities, must be destroyed. Gaza will be demilitarized under the supervision of neutral observers, rendering its weapons unusable (“सलाह को नकारा बनाते हुए”).
Exclusion of Militant Groups: Point 13 ensures that Hamas or any other militant group will have no direct or indirect role in the governance of Gaza.
Immediate Security Gain: Hostage and Prisoner Exchange
The ceasefire plan provides for an immediate security and humanitarian gain for Israel by securing the return of its captured citizens and bodies:
Hostage Release (Point 5): Israel is set to receive 20 living Israeli hostages and 24 bodies.
Prisoner Exchange: In exchange, Israel will release 250 prisoners serving life sentences and 1,700 other Palestinians arrested after October 7. For every one body of an Israeli hostage, 15 bodies of Palestinians will be returned.
Concerns Regarding Long-Term Security and Commitments
Despite the immediate security concessions outlined in the plan, the sources highlight major long-term concerns regarding Israel’s future actions and regional stability:
Guarantee of Non-Aggression: A significant concern is the lack of guarantee that Israel will adhere to its commitments once American pressure subsides and it achieves its objectives (like the release of hostages). The question is raised: “What is the guarantee that Israel, after having its demands met… will not violate other matters, ignoring the Palestinians?”.
Attacks on Neighbors: There is specific concern about whether Israel will “attack any other neighboring Arab or Muslim country” in the future if American pressure is lifted. This concern is raised despite the Israeli Prime Minister, under pressure from the US President, having already apologized to the Qatari Prime Minister for an “illegal attack” on Qatari territory, promising compensation, and pledging never to attack Qatar again.
Rejection of Two-State Solution: Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu found it necessary to assure his citizens that accepting the Gaza peace plan “in no way means accepting a two-state solution” in the region. This reflects the powerful public pressure within Israel against the two-state solution and indicates a lack of political horizon for long-term peace sought by the Arab nations involved in the roadmap’s creation.
Destruction of Trust: Following the events of October 7, 2023, the trust between the Israeli and Palestinian factions has been “destroyed”. This loss of trust means that neither the two-nation theory nor the two-state solution seems possible at present, undermining the potential for a secure, negotiated future.
No Occupation or Annexation
While addressing security, the plan explicitly restricts Israel’s territorial actions, which may alleviate regional tension but could be viewed by hardliners as a security constraint:
No Annexation (Point 16): The roadmap clarifies that Israel will neither occupy Gaza nor annex any part of it.
Phased Withdrawal: Israeli Security Forces will incrementally withdraw from Gaza, with International Defense Forces taking control in phases to establish stability.
Importance of Dialogue for Enduring Security
Point 18 of the roadmap is identified as potentially the most effective measure for long-term security because it addresses the root cause of the conflict:
Inter-Religious Dialogue: This point calls for initiating an inter-religious dialogue to “change the mental state” (“ज़हनी काया पलट”) of Israelis and Palestinians,eliminate mutual hatred, and highlight the benefits of peace. The sources emphasize that religious hatred is the “root of all bloodletting and unrest,” and without addressing this fundamental issue, all other schemes will fail.
Trump Gaza Roadmap: Inter-Religious Dialogue and Peace
The inter-religious dialogue is outlined as a specific provision within the Trump Gaza Roadmap (Gaza Ceasefire Plan). It is featured as Point 18 of the 20-point proposal.
Purpose and Importance
The sources highlight the inter-religious dialogue as potentially the “most beneficial” or “most beautiful” aspect of the entire roadmap.
The dialogue is intended to address the root cause of the conflict:
Eliminating Hatred: The primary purpose of the inter-religious dialogue is to initiate a process that will “change the mental state” (“ज़हनी काया पलट”) of Israelis and Palestinians. The goal is toeliminate mutual hatred and highlight the benefits of peace.
Addressing the Root Cause: The sources stress that religious hatred is the “root of all bloodletting and unrest” (“तमामतर खून रेजी फसाद की जड़ यही मजहबी मुनाफरत है”)Necessity for Success: The source material explicitly states that unless this religious aspect is addressed through true improvement and cleansing (“शरी बेहतरी और सफाई”), all other schemes and plans will fail (“आप लाख स्कीमें बना लें सब फेल हो जाएंगी”).
Implementation
The plan stipulates that an inter-religious dialogue process will be started to:
Transform the mindset of Israelis and Palestinians.
Intellectually and mentally expose the benefits of peace (“ज़हनी फिक्री तौर पर अमन के फ़वायद उजागर किए जा सके”).
इंसानों के नाम अफजार रिहान खजा जंगबंदी मंसूबा कामयाब या नाकाम 64,000 इंसानों को मरवाने के बाद बिल आखिर आलमी दबाव पर अमेरिकी प्रेसिडेंट डोनाल्ड ट्रंप ने आठ इस्लामिक अरब मुालिक की मुशावरत से अपना 20 नकाती गजा अमन रोड मैप पेश कर दिया है इन आठ मुालिक में तीन गैर अरब टर्किया इंडोनेशिया और पाकिस्तान है जबकि सऊदी अरब इजिप्ट जॉर्डन कतर और यूनाइटेड अरब अमरात समेत पांच अरब मुालिक शामिल हैं जिन्होंने प्रेसिडेंट ट्रंप की टीम जिसमें इनके दामाद जर्ड कुशनर भी शामिल है के साथ मिलकर गजा रोड मैप के 21 पॉइंट तैयार किए जिन्हें इसराइल से मनवाने के लिए 20 नकाती मंसूबा बना दिया गया है या करार दिया गया है इन आठ मुालिक के फॉरेन मिनिस्टरर्स ने अपने मुश्तका इलामिया या जॉइंट डिक्लेरेशन में ट्रंप के गजा असीज फायर रोड मैप की भरपूर हिमायत करते हुए उसे ख्ते में अमनो सलामती के लिए नागजीर या कली करार दिया है जिसे आगे बढ़ाने के लिए मजीद बातचीत की गुंजाइश भी रखी है ट्रंप का यह गजा अमन रोड मैप है क्या इसके 20 पॉइंट्स का जायजा लेने के साथ इस अम्र पर बहस जरूरी है कि यह किस कदर काबिले अमल है और क्या इसके नतीजे में गज़ा की खून रेज़ी वाकई बंद हो जाएगी इससे फ़स्तीनी आवाम को क्या मिलेगा क्या यह मंसूबा दो रियासती हाल में मुआवनत करेगा क्या बशूल हमास आम अरब और मुस्लिम आवाम इसकी मुखालफत में कहीं अपनी ही रियासतों या हुकूमतों के खिलाफ खड़े तो नहीं हो जाएंगे क्या यह इब्राहिम अकाट की ही तौसी शक्ल नहीं है जो मुस्लिम अरब रियासतों के लिए इसराइल को तस्लीम करवाने की तरफ ले जाएगी क्या यह लफाजी हमाश जैसी मज़ामती तहरीक को कुचलने और इसराइली ख्वाहिशात को तहफुज़ देने के लिए तो नहीं है सवाल यह है कि खुद पसंदसंद और मुंहज़र इसराइल 64,000 बेगुनाहों को मारते हुए अपने टारगेट सनूस अचीव नहीं कर सका क्या अब वो मुस्लिम फर्सेस को मुस्लिम तहरीक मुज़ामत से लड़वा कर हासिल करना चाहता है जिस तरह लोहे को लोहा काटता है क्या इसी तरह अब मुस्लिम को मुस्लिम काटेगा इस अम्र की क्या गारंटी है कि इसराइल अपने तमाम यमाली छुड़वाने या अपना उल्लू सीधा करवाने के बाद फिलस्तीनियों को ठेंगा दिखाते हुए दीगर मामलात से मुनहरफ़ नहीं हो जाएगा आज इसराइली प्राइम मिनिस्टर ने अमेरिकी प्रेसिडेंट के दबाव पर वाशिंगटन से दोहा काल मिलाते हुए कतरी प्राइम मिनिस्टर से अपने नाजायज हमले की माफी मांगी है कतरी सर जमीन की खिलाफवर्जी और एक सिक्योरिटी गार्ड की हलाकत पर ज़हरे अफसोस करते हुए मरने वाले के खानदान को मुआवजा देने और क़तर पर दोबारा हमला ना करने का अहद किया है लेकिन इस अम्र की क्या गारंटी है कि जब अमकी प्रेशर हटेगा इसराइल अपने इस अहद की पासदारी करते हुए आइंदा किसी दूसरे अरब हमसाए या मुस्लिम मुल्क पर हमलावर नहीं होगा जैसे कि प्रेसिडेंट ट्रंप के साथ मुश्तका प्रेस कॉन्फ्रेंस करते हुए बंचम नितिन याू ने एकदम अंग्रेजी रोक करानी जुबान में अपने हम वतनों को यह यकीनदानी करवाना जरूरी समझा कि इस गजा अमन मंसूबे को कबूल करने का यह मतलब कती नहीं है कि हम ख्ते में दो रियासी हल को कबूल करने जा रहे हैं इसराइल के अंदर आवामी सतह पर मौजूद इस दबाव का दरा किया जा सकता है जो टू स्टेट्स हल की बात भी नहीं सुनना चाहता और यह दरवेश 7 अक्टूबर 2023 से वहम वाज़ करता चला आ रहा है कि इस बदतरीन साने का अफसोसनाक पहलू यह भी है कि अब दोबारा कभी कैंप डेविड या उसका कार्ड जैसा कोई मुयदा इसराइलियों और फिलिस्तीनियों के दरमियान ना हो पाएगा क्योंकि 7 अक्टूबर के रोज मोज़ 1200 बेगुनाह इसराइलियों का ही खून नहीं हुआ बल्कि हर दो फिरकों के बीच रहे स एतमाद का खून भी इसी दिन हो गया नतीजातन अब यहां टू नेशन थ्योरी चलेगी ना टू स्टेट्स हल मुमकिन हो पाएगा अगरचे ट्रंप अमन रोड मैप में आठ इस्लामिक अरब मुालिक की ख्वाहिश के एतराम में 19वां पॉइंट यह वाज़ करता है कि जब गजा की तामीर नौ में पेशरफ्त होगी और फिलस्तीनी अथॉरिटी इस हवाले से इस्लाहात मुकम्मल कर लेगी तब फिलस्तीनी खुद मुख्तार रियासत को कायम करने के इमकानात पैदा हो सकेंगे अमेरिका इसराइल और फिलिस्तीनियों के दरमियान मजाकात शुरू करवाएगा ताकि पुरन बकाए बामी के लिए एक सियासी उफ तय किया जा सके यह अमर बहाल सूरत वाज़ रहना चाहिए कि गजा अमन रोड मैप का बुनियादी मकसद दो बरसों से जारी इस खून रे जंग का खात्मा है जो इतने बेगुनाहों की जाने ले चुकी है जिससे गजा का तोड़ा बुरा बनाया जा चुका है हंसते बंसते शहर और कस्बे खंडरात के ढेर दिखते हैं तबा हाल इंफ्रास्ट्रक्चर में खाम बस्तियों की बातें हो रही थी बल्कि इस नो की तजावीज ज़रे बहस थी कि अगर हमास वाले अपनी बका के लिए अपने आवाम और यमालियों को बतौर ढाल इस्तेमाल कर रहे हैं तो क्यों ना इन आवाम ही को मुख्तलिफ गिरोहों और टुकड़ियों में बांट ते हुए दीगर मुख्तलिफ मुालिक और खतों में बसाने का एतमाम कर दिया जाए नतीजातन इसराइल गजा ही नहीं वेस्ट बैंक का इलाहाक भी अपनी रियासत के साथ कर ले अब कम से कम ट्रंप के इस अमन मंसूबे में यह सराहत वाज़ तौर पर कर दी गई है कि बाबाला पॉइंट नंबर 16 इसराइल ना तो गजा पर कब्जा करेगा और ना ही इसके किसी हिस्से को अपने में जम करेगा इसराइली सिक्योरिटी फर्सेस जैसे ही मरहलावार गजा से इंखला करेंगी इंटरनेशनल डिफेंस फर्सेस मरहला बार इसका कंट्रोल लेते हुए यहां इस्तहकाम कायम करेंगी अगर मास इस अमन रोड मैप को मुस्तरद कर देगी या ताख़री हरबे इख्तियार करेगी तब भी इंटरनेशनल डिफेंस और स्टेबिलिटी फोर्सेस इन खतों में पुर अमन इमदादी कारवाया जारी रखेंगी जो इनके हवाले कर दिए गए होंगे ट्रंप के गजा अमन मंसूबेब का अवली नुक्ता यह है कि गजा को दहशतगर्दी और इंतहाबसंधी से पाक खता बनाया जाएगा जो अपने हमसाइयों इसराइल और इजिप्ट के लिए खतरा ना हो गजा की तामीर नौ की जाएगी ताकि वहां बसने वाले आवाम इससे मुस्तफीद हो सके दरवेश यहां यह अमर वाज़ करना चाहता है कि इस गजा अमन मंसूबे का असल नुकसान ना तो किसी आम फिलिस्तीनी को है और ना इसराइलियों को ना ही किसी आम अरब या गैर अरब को है इसका असल टारगेट सिर्फ और सिर्फ हमास है जिसके टेररिस्टों को अगरचे आम माफी और लाइफ सिक्योरिटी की जमानत दी गई है शक नंबर छह के मुताबिक यमालियों की रिहाई और कैदियों के तबादले की कारवाई होने के बाद हमास के वो अरकान जो पुर अमन बकाए बामी पर राजी हो और हथियार डाल दें उन्हें आम माफी दी जाएगी जो गजा में रहना चाहेंगे और जो छोड़ना चाहेंगे उन्हें महफूज़ रास्ता दिया जाएगा और कबूल करने वाले मुालिक जाने की सहूलत दी जाएगी इसके बावजूद दरवेश का गुमान है कि हमाश क्योंकि इस मंसूबे को अपनी सियासत या ताकत की मौत समझ रही है इसलिए वो उसे मुस्तरद कर सकती है या कर देगी हालांकि यह इसकी बेबसी भी है कि अब उसे कमाू कोई बैरूनी सपोर्ट हासिल नहीं रही सिवाय ईरान के जिसकी रसाई पहले ही कमतर हो चुकी है नीव टर्किया या क़तर भी अब सिवाय महदूद माली इमदाद के कोई ज्यादा ताव करने की पोजीशन में नहीं रहे हां अलबत्ता आवामी सतह पर अरब और गैर अरब मुस्लिम आवाम में मौजूद शिद्दत पसंद गिरोह या तंजीमे एक हद तक अब भी हमास को सपोर्ट कर सकती है या कर रही है इसके बावजूद हमास अपनी बका के लिए ज्यादा देर अपनी मजामती तहरीक जारी नहीं रख पाएगी और खुद इसके लिए यह नादर मौका है कि जो माफी तलाफी मिल रही है इस मौका को जाया ना होने दे जैसे कि श नंबर पांच में वाज़ किया गया है कि अपने 20 जिंदा यर्कमालियों और 24 लाशों को वसूल करने के बाद इसराइल हमास या गजा के 250 ऐसे कैदियों को रिहा कर देगा जिन्हें इनके जरा साबित होने पर इसराइली अदालतों से उम्र कैद की सजाएं सुनाई जा चुकी हैं और 7 अक्टूबर के बाद गिरफ्तार किए गए दीगर 1700 फिलिस्तीनियों को भी रिहा कर दिया जाएगा जिनमें खवातीन और बच्चे भी शामिल होंगे एक इसराइली यमाली की लाश के बदले 15 फिलस्तीनियों की लाशें वापस की जाएंगी शक नंबर 13 के मुताबिक हमास या किसी दूसरे मुशद्द ग्रोह का गजा की हुक्मरानी में बराएरा या बिल वास्ता कोई किरदार नहीं होगा दहशतगर्दी के तमाम अड्डे ढांचे बशूल सुरंगे और हथियार बनाने की फैक्ट्रियां तबाह कर दी जाएंगी गैर जानबदार मुबरीन की निगरानी में असला को नकारा बनाते हुए गजा को गैर मुसल्ला किया जाएगा दरवेश की नजर में इस रोड मैप की सबसे खूबसूरत शिक 18 है जिसके मुताबिक एक इंटर रिलजन डायलॉग का अमल शुरू किया जाएगा ताकि इसराइलियों और फस्तीनियों की ज़हनी काया पलट करते हुए बामी मुनाफरतों को खत्म किया जाए और ज़हनी फिक्री तौर पर अमन के फ़वायद उजागर किए जा सके तमामतर खून रेजी फसाद की जड़ यही मजहबी मुनाफरत है जब तक इस हवाले से शरी बेहतरी और सफाई नहीं होती आप लाख स्कीमें बना लें सब फेल हो जाएंगी
انسانوں کے نام، اظفر ریحان خازا، جنگ بندی کا منصوبہ، کامیابی یا ناکامی؟ 64 ہزار افراد کو قتل کرنے کے بعد بالآخر عالمی دباؤ میں آکر امریکی صدر ڈونلڈ ٹرمپ نے آٹھ اسلامی عرب ممالک کی مشاورت سے اپنا 20 نکاتی غزہ پیس روڈ میپ پیش کیا۔ ان آٹھ ممالک میں تین غیر عرب ممالک ترکی، انڈونیشیا اور پاکستان شامل ہیں جب کہ پانچ عرب ممالک جن میں سعودی عرب، مصر، اردن، قطر اور متحدہ عرب امارات شامل ہیں، صدر ٹرمپ کی ٹیم کے ساتھ ان کے داماد جیرڈ کشنر کے ساتھ تعاون کیا تاکہ غزہ روڈ میپ کے 21 نکات مرتب کیے جائیں، جن کو اسرائیل نے اپنانے کے لیے متفقہ طور پر اپنایا یا 20 نکات کا منصوبہ بنایا۔ ان آٹھ ممالک کے وزرائے خارجہ نے اپنے مشترکہ اعلامیے میں ٹرمپ کے غزہ پیس روڈ میپ کی بھرپور حمایت کرتے ہوئے اسے خطے میں امن و سلامتی کے لیے سنگ میل قرار دیا ہے اور اسے آگے لے جانے کے لیے مزید مذاکرات کی گنجائش بھی رکھی ہے۔ ٹرمپ کا یہ غزہ پیس روڈ میپ اپنے 20 نکات کا جائزہ لینے کے ساتھ ساتھ اس معاملے پر بحث بھی ضروری ہے کہ یہ کتنا ممکن ہے اور کیا اس سے غزہ میں خونریزی کا صحیح معنوں میں خاتمہ ہو گا۔ اس سے فلسطینی عوام کو کیا فائدہ ہوگا؟ کیا یہ منصوبہ دو ریاستی صورت حال میں مفاہمت کا باعث بنے گا؟ کیا حماس عام عرب اور مسلم عوام کے ساتھ مل کر اپنی ہی ریاستوں یا حکومتوں کے خلاف مخالفت میں اٹھے گی؟ کیا یہ ابراہیم عقات کی اعتکاف نہیں ہے، جو مسلم عرب ریاستوں کو اسرائیل کو قبول کرنے پر لے جائے گا؟ کیا اس بیان بازی کا مقصد حماس جیسی بنیاد پرست تحریک کو کچلنا اور اسرائیلی عزائم کو تحفظ دینا نہیں؟ سوال یہ ہے کہ اسرائیل، جو خود ایک وفادار اور بے رحم اسرائیل ہے، 64000 بے گناہ لوگوں کو مار کر اپنا ہدف کیوں حاصل نہیں کر سکا؟ کیا اب وہ مسلمانوں کی تحریک مزاحمت کو لوہے کے خلاف کھڑا کر کے مسلمانوں کی سرزمین حاصل کرنا چاہتا ہے جس طرح لوہا لوہے کو کاٹتا ہے؟ کیا اب مسلمان اس طرح مسلمانوں کو ماریں گے؟ اس بات کی کیا گارنٹی ہے کہ اسرائیل اپنے تمام یامالوں کو رہا کرنے یا اپنا کام مکمل کرنے کے بعد فلسطینیوں کی طرف آنکھیں بند کرکے دوسرے معاملات کو نظرانداز نہیں کرے گا؟ آج امریکی صدر کے دباؤ پر اسرائیلی وزیر اعظم نے واشنگٹن سے دوحہ فون کر کے غیر قانونی حملے پر قطری وزیر اعظم سے معافی مانگ لی۔ انہوں نے قطری سرزمین کی بے حرمتی اور سیکیورٹی گارڈ کے قتل پر گہرے افسوس کا اظہار کرتے ہوئے مقتول کے اہل خانہ کو معاوضہ دینے اور قطر پر دوبارہ حملہ نہ کرنے کا وعدہ کیا۔ لیکن اس بات کی کیا گارنٹی ہے کہ جب امریکی دباؤ ہٹ جائے گا تو اسرائیل اس وعدے کی پاسداری کرتے ہوئے مستقبل میں کسی دوسرے عرب پڑوسی یا مسلم ملک پر حملہ نہیں کرے گا۔ جس طرح صدر ٹرمپ کے ساتھ مشترکہ پریس کانفرنس کے دوران بنچم نتن یادیو نے انتہائی روکھے انگریزی میں بات کرتے ہوئے اپنے ہم وطنوں کو یہ یقین دلانا ضروری سمجھا کہ غزہ کے اس امن منصوبے کو قبول کرنے کا مطلب یہ نہیں ہے کہ ہم دو ریاستی حل کو قبول کرنے والے ہیں۔ اسرائیل کے اندر عوامی سطح پر موجود دباؤ کو کوئی سمجھ سکتا ہے جو دو ریاستی حل کے بارے میں سننا بھی نہیں چاہتا اور یہ درویش 7 اکتوبر 2023 سے اپنے آپ کو دھوکہ دے رہا ہے۔ اس بدترین صورتحال کا افسوسناک پہلو یہ ہے کہ اب دوبارہ کبھی کیمپ ڈیوڈ یا اس کے کارڈ جیسا کوئی مسئلہ اسرائیلیوں اور فلسطینیوں کے درمیان نہیں ہوگا کیونکہ 7 اکتوبر کو اسرائیل کے درمیان نہ صرف 120 اعتماد کا قتل ہوا بلکہ 120 سے زائد افراد کے درمیان اعتماد کا خاتمہ ہوا۔ اس دن فرقوں کو بھی مارا گیا۔ نتیجے کے طور پر، اب
یہاں نہ تو دو قومی نظریہ غالب ہو گا اور نہ ہی دو ریاستی حل ممکن ہو گا۔ تاہم ٹرمپ پیس روڈ میپ کے نکتہ نمبر 19 میں اسلامی عرب حکمرانوں کی خواہشات کا احترام کرتے ہوئے کہا گیا ہے کہ جب غزہ 9 ماہ میں مکمل ہو جائے گا اور فلسطینی اتھارٹی اس سلسلے میں اصلاحات مکمل کر لے گی تو فلسطینیوں کو اپنی خود مختار ریاست کے قیام کا امکان ہو گا۔ امریکہ اسرائیل اور فلسطینیوں کے درمیان کشمکش کا آغاز کرے گا تاکہ پرانے بقایاجات کے لیے سیاسی حل تک پہنچا جا سکے۔ خیال رہے کہ غزہ پیس روڈ میپ کا بنیادی مقصد دو سال سے جاری اس خونریز جنگ کو ختم کرنا ہے، جس میں اب تک کئی بے گناہ جانیں جا چکی ہیں، جس کی وجہ سے غزہ تباہی کا شکار ہے۔ کبھی خوشحال شہر اور قصبے کھنڈرات کے ڈھیر لگتے ہیں۔ اس دوران بستیوں کے انفراسٹرکچر میں خامیوں پر بات ہوئی۔ درحقیقت اس نکتے کی تجویز کے بارے میں یہ بحث چل رہی تھی کہ اگر حماس کی افواج اپنی بقا کے لیے اپنے لوگوں کو ہراساں کر رہی ہیں تو وہ ایسا کر سکیں گی۔ اور اگر وہ یمنیوں کو ڈھال کے طور پر استعمال کر رہے ہیں تو پھر کیوں نہ ان لوگوں کو مختلف گروہوں اور دھڑوں میں تقسیم کرکے دوسرے مختلف علاقوں میں ان کی آباد کاری کو یقینی بنایا جائے۔ اس کے نتیجے میں اسرائیل نہ صرف غزہ بلکہ مغربی کنارے کے علاقے کو بھی ضم کر لے گا۔ اب کم از کم ٹرمپ کے امن منصوبے میں یہ واضح کر دیا گیا ہے کہ اسرائیل نہ تو غزہ پر قبضہ کرے گا اور نہ ہی اس کے کسی حصے کو الحاق کرے گا۔ جیسے ہی اسرائیلی سکیورٹی فورسز ایک ایک کر کے غزہ سے نکلیں گی، بین الاقوامی دفاعی افواج آہستہ آہستہ اس کا کنٹرول سنبھالیں گی اور یہاں استحکام قائم کر لیں گی۔ یہاں تک کہ اگر امریکہ اس امن روڈ میپ کو مسترد کرتا ہے یا کوئی عارضی اقدام اختیار کرتا ہے تو بھی بین الاقوامی دفاعی اور استحکام کی افواج ان علاقوں میں اپنی امن امدادی کارروائیاں جاری رکھیں گی جو ان کے حوالے کیے گئے ہیں۔ ٹرمپ کے غزہ امن منصوبے کا بنیادی نکتہ یہ ہے کہ غزہ کو دہشت گردی اور انتہا پسندی سے پاک ایک خالص علاقہ بنایا جائے گا جس سے اس کے ہمسایہ ممالک اسرائیل اور مصر کو کوئی خطرہ نہیں ہوگا۔ غزہ کو دوبارہ تعمیر کیا جائے گا تاکہ وہاں کے رہنے والے اس سے مستفید ہو سکیں۔ درویش یہاں ایک لافانی اعلان کرنا چاہتا ہے کہ غزہ کے اس امن منصوبے کا اصل نقصان نہ تو کسی عام فلسطینی کو ہے، نہ اسرائیلیوں کو، نہ کسی عام عرب یا غیر عرب کو۔ اس کا اصل ہدف صرف حماس ہے جس کے دہشت گردوں کو عام معافی اور جان کی حفاظت دی گئی ہے۔ شک نمبر چھ کے مطابق یمنیوں کی رہائی اور قیدیوں کی منتقلی کے بعد حماس کے وہ ارکان جو مکمل امن اور ہتھیار ڈالنے پر رضامند ہوں گے انہیں عام معافی دی جائے گی۔ جو لوگ غزہ میں رہنا چاہتے ہیں اور جو لوگ وہاں سے نکلنا چاہتے ہیں انہیں محفوظ راستہ دیا جائے گا اور انہیں قبول کرنے والے ملک جانے کی سہولت دی جائے گی۔ اس کے باوجود درویش کو یقین ہے کہ حماس اس منصوبے کو اپنی سیاست یا اقتدار کی موت سمجھے گی۔ اس لیے یہ اسے ترک کر سکتا ہے یا کر سکتا ہے۔ تاہم یہ اس لحاظ سے بھی بے بس ہے کہ اسے اب ایران کے علاوہ کوئی بیرونی حمایت حاصل نہیں ہے جس کا اثر پہلے ہی کم ہو چکا ہے۔ نہ ہی ترکی اور نہ ہی قطر محدود مالی امداد کے علاوہ زیادہ اثر و رسوخ استعمال کرنے کی پوزیشن میں ہیں۔ تاہم عوامی سطح پر عرب اور غیر عرب مسلمانوں کے بنیاد پرست گروہ اور تنظیمیں حماس کی کسی حد تک حمایت کر سکتی ہیں یا کر رہی ہیں۔ اس کے باوجود حماس اپنے آپ کو بچانے کے لیے زیادہ دیر تک اپنی عسکری تحریک جاری نہیں رکھ سکے گی۔ یہ اس کے لیے ایک اہم موقع ہے کہ وہ جو معافی وصول کر رہی ہے اسے ضائع نہ ہونے دیں۔ جیسا کہ پیراگراف پانچ میں کہا گیا ہے، اپنی 20 زندہ اور 24 لاشیں برآمد کرنے کے بعد، اسرائیل حماس یا غزہ کے 250 قیدیوں کو رہا کرے گا جنہیں اسرائیلی عدالتوں نے سزا کے بعد عمر قید کی سزا سنائی ہے۔ بعد ازاں گرفتار کیے گئے 1700 دیگر فلسطینیوں کو بھی رہا کر دیا جائے گا جن میں خواتین اور بچے بھی شامل ہیں۔ ایک اسرائیلی کی لاش کے بدلے 15 فلسطینیوں کی لاشیں واپس کی جائیں گی۔ شک نمبر 13 کے مطابق حماس یا کسی دوسرے جنگجو گروپ کا غزہ کی حکمرانی میں براہ راست یا بالواسطہ کوئی کردار نہیں ہوگا۔ دہشت گردی کے تمام ٹھکانے، ڈھانچے، سرنگیں اور اسلحہ بنانے والی فیکٹریوں کو تباہ کر دیا جائے گا۔ غزہ کو غیر مسلم قرار دیا جائے گا، غیر جان لیوا مبصرین کی نگرانی میں ہتھیاروں کو غیر موثر کر دیا جائے گا۔ درویش کے خیال میں اس روڈ میپ کا سب سے خوبصورت پہلو شک نمبر 18 ہے جس کے مطابق اسرائیلیوں اور فلسطینیوں کی ذہنی حالت کو بدلنے، بنیادی اختلافات کو ختم کرنے اور امن کے فوائد کو ذہنی نقطہ نظر سے اجاگر کرنے کے لیے بین المذاہب مکالمے کا آغاز کیا جائے گا۔ یہ مذہبی منافرت سب سے زیادہ خونریزی اور تشدد کی جڑ ہے۔ جب تک یہ مسئلہ حل نہیں ہو گا، سماجی اصلاح کے میدان میں کوئی پیش رفت نہیں ہو گی۔ اور اگر صفائی نہ ہو تو لاکھوں سکیمیں بنا لیں سب ناکام ہو جائیں گی۔
The source provides an extensive transcript from a YouTube video offering a comprehensive Excel course designed for quick preparation and revision, particularly for job interviews. The tutorial begins with fundamental Excel concepts like rows, columns, and cells, before moving into essential functionalities such as data entry techniques, including the use of formatting and keyboard shortcuts. A significant portion of the content covers various data types and number formatting, followed by detailed explanations of advanced features like conditional formatting and data filtering. Finally, the video introduces a variety of critical Excel formulas, including RANK, IF, SUMIF, VLOOKUP, and XLOOKUP, alongside a promotional section about the Certified Management Accountant (CMA) certification from Zel Education.
Essential Excel Features and Formulas for Quick Reference
The Excel course content focuses on providing a quicket revision of essential features and formulas, often useful for interview preparation. The instruction emphasizes hand-picked features and formulas that are considered highly important.
The course covers content across several key categories, including basic terminology, data entry and formatting, fundamental formulas, and advanced features:
1. Excel Basics and Interface
The course begins by defining the core components of the Excel interface, noting that while often not asked in interviews, this knowledge is fundamental for using formulas.
Sheets and Zoom: Demonstrates how to add new sheets using the plus sign and how to zoom in and out of the worksheet.
Rows, Columns, and Cells: Defines columns (labeled A, B, C, etc.) and rows (labeled 1, 2, 3, etc.). A cell is the box formed by the intersection of row and column lines (e.g., C13), and understanding this relationship is crucial because formulas rely on it. The Name Box displays the name of the currently selected cell.
Data vs. Formatting: Explains the distinction between raw Data (information) and Formatting (decoration or presentation).
2. Formatting, Data Entry, and Shortcuts
A significant portion of the course involves using shortcuts and formatting tools to improve data presentation and efficiency.
Formatting Options: Formatting features are primarily found in the Home tab and include the Font, Alignment, and Number groups. Professional data presentation requires using appropriate fonts (like Aptos, Arial, or Calibri) and professional colors (such as blue, black, burgundy, dark green, or grey).
Alignment: Demonstrates using Merge & Center to center headings across multiple columns.
Shortcuts: The instructor heavily emphasizes using shortcut keys, noting that the Alt key activates the on-screen keys, allowing users to follow the path (e.g., Alt + H for Home tab) to execute commands. Specific shortcuts covered include:
Merge & Center: Alt + H + M + C.
Select All Data: Ctrl + A.
All Borders: Alt + H + B + A.
Thick Border: Alt + H + B + T.
Fill Handle: Used to quickly generate series (like serial numbers).
Data Entry Form Hack: Provides a hack to quickly enter data using a form interface via the shortcut Alt + D + O.
Format Painter: Allows copying the formatting from one cell or range to another quickly.
3. Number Formats and Data Types
The content details how different types of data are handled in Excel, which is important for understanding calculations and presentation.
Data Types: Discusses common formats, including Numbers (whole and decimal), Text, Percentage, Currency, and Accounting formats.
Observation Tip: Text typically aligns to the left of the cell, while numbers align to the right.
Date and Time: Covers Short Date (e.g., 16/9/2025) and Long Date (e.g., 16 September 2025). The course extensively explains Custom Date Formatting, where date components are represented by D (Day), M (Month), and Y (Year). The number of times the letter is repeated dictates the format (e.g., four D’s for the full day name).
Decimal Management: Shows how to use the Increase/Decrease Decimal options.
Fixing Errors: Explains that the “######” error indicates that the cell width is too small to display the number, which can be fixed by double-tapping between column headers.
Date Shortcut: Provides the shortcut Control + Semicolon to insert the current date.
4. Data Arrangement and Visualization Features
The course introduces powerful features for analyzing and manipulating data sets.
Conditional Formatting and Filtering
The video contrasts Conditional Formatting and Filtering, noting they share similar options.
Conditional Formatting: Applying formatting (colors, fonts, etc.) based on defined rules or conditions (e.g., coloring a cell green if the value is greater than 50%). Rules demonstrated include Greater Than, Less Than, Between, Equals To, Text That Contains, Date Occurring, and identifying Duplicate Values.
Filtering: Allows users to display only a subset of the data (e.g., only data from Gujarat) by hiding non-matching entries. The shortcut for applying or removing filters is Ctrl + Shift + L.
Sorting and Series
Sorting (Arrangement): Arranging data based on Text (A to Z), Numbers (Smallest to Largest), or Dates (Oldest to Newest). It also covers Sort by Color.
Fill Series: A method to quickly generate long sequential lists (numbers or dates) by selecting the initial value, navigating to Fill > Series (Shortcut: Alt + H + F + I + S), specifying the column, and setting a stop value (e.g., 10,000).
Find and Replace
The Find function (Shortcut: Ctrl + F) allows searching for specific text within the current sheet or the entire workbook.
The Replace function is used to automatically substitute found text with new text across the selected area or workbook.
Advanced Features
Flash Fill: Available after the 2019 version, Flash Fill recognizes patterns based on a single example provided by the user (e.g., combining names) and applies that pattern to the entire column. The shortcut is Ctrl + E.
Table Creation: Converting a data range into a Table (Shortcut: Ctrl + T) provides dynamic features, including the automatic application of formatting and formulas to new entries, and enabling the use of Slicers for easy interactive filtering. Tables can be converted back to a normal range if needed.
Pivot Table and Pivot Chart: The course shows how to create both a Pivot Table and a Pivot Chart simultaneously using the shortcut Alt + D + P. This allows users to summarize data, show values as ranks or percentages, and insert analytical tools like Slicers and Timelines.
Data Validation (Dropdowns): Demonstrated as a method to create dropdown lists within cells, either based on an existing list or by manually entering values separated by commas.
5. Essential Formulas
The course covers several mandatory formulas, grouped by category:
CategoryFormulaDescription/Key RequirementBasic MathSUMBasic addition. Shortcut is Alt + Equals.CalculationPercentageCalculated using division; requires absolute cell reference (F4) to fix the denominator (total) when applied across multiple rows.StatisticalRANKCalculates the position of a number within a set of numbers; requires fixing the reference range using F4.ConditionalSUBTOTALUsed instead of SUM when working with filtered data, as it provides accurate totals only for the visible, filtered data. (Uses function number 9 for SUM).ConditionalSUMIFCalculates the sum of values based on a single specified criterion (e.g., total sales for one specific customer).LogicalIFApplies a conditional test; returns one value if the condition is True and another if False. Output text must be in double inverted commas.TextPROPERConverts text to sentence case (proper capitalization).Text/DateTEXTUsed primarily with dates to return the day (e.g., “Tuesday”) or month name based on format codes.DateDAYSCalculates the difference in days between two dates.DateEDATECalculates a future date by adding a specified number of months to a start date.LookupVLOOKUPRetrieves information from master data; cannot be used if the lookup value is duplicated. Requires column index number.LookupXLOOKUPAn alternative to VLOOKUP (available post-2019) that requires a lookup array and a return array, simplifying the process.
Excel Data Entry Fundamentals and Formatting
Data Entry basics in Excel involve a combination of accurately inputting information (Data) and subsequently improving its presentation (Formatting).
A data entry operator’s task is to transcribe available information (such as bills) into Excel and then apply necessary formatting.
Here is a detailed discussion of the fundamental aspects of Data Entry according to the course content:
1. Fundamental Terminology and Distinction
To perform data entry effectively, it is necessary to understand the basic elements of the Excel interface:
Rows and Columns: Data is entered into cells defined by rows (labeled 1, 2, 3, etc.) and columns (labeled A, B, C, etc.).
Cell: A cell is the box formed by the intersection of row and column lines. Understanding the row and column structure is crucial because it forms the basis of the cell name (e.g., C13) and is the backbone for formulas. The Name Box displays the name of the currently selected cell.
Data vs. Formatting:Data refers to the raw information itself.
Formatting is the process of decorating or presenting the data (e.g., applying colors, fonts, borders, or alignment). Proper representation of data always requires formatting. Formatting options are generally found in the Home tab, specifically in the Font, Alignment, and Number groups.
2. Setting Up the Data Entry Table
The physical act of data entry begins with structuring the worksheet:
Headings: Data entry requires setting up appropriate headings (e.g., Serial Number, Party Name, Amount).
Merging Headings: To center a main heading (like “XYZ Limited”) across multiple columns, the Merge & Center feature is used. Using the shortcut key for this process is recommended.
Merge & Center Shortcut:Alt + H + M + C. This shortcut is derived by pressing Alt (the activation key), followed by H (for the Home tab), M (for Merge), and C (for Center).
Data Input and Series Generation: After setting up headings, entries are written sequentially. For sequential numbers (like serial numbers), the Fill Handle can be used. By selecting the first two numbers (e.g., 1 and 2) and dragging the fill handle, the rest of the numbers in the series can be automatically generated.
3. Applying Borders and Enhancing Presentation
Once the data is entered, formatting is applied for professional presentation:
Selecting Data: The shortcut Ctrl + A (Control + All) is used to select the complete dataset.
Applying Borders:All Borders: To apply borders to every cell within the selected data, the shortcut is Alt + H + B + A.
Thick Border: To apply a darker, thicker border around the outside of the data range, the shortcut is Alt + H + B + T.
Color and Font:Filling Color: The “bucket” tool is used to fill entire cells with color. When choosing colors, use darker shades for higher elements and complementary lighter shades below (e.g., dark blue contrasts well with light grey).
Font Color: The ‘A’ symbol is used to change the font color.
Professional Fonts: It is recommended to use professional, simple fonts such as Aptos, Arial, or Calibri.
Professional Colors: Recommended professional colors include blue, black, burgundy, dark green, and grey.
Bold/Italic: The Bold option can be used to make text thicker, often used for headings.
4. Advanced Data Entry Method (The Form Hack)
The course highlights a rapid data entry method using a built-in form interface:
Form Shortcut: To enter data using a form, select the data range and press Alt + D + O.
This method allows continuous entry without the need to apply macros or manual setup. New entries are generated by navigating to “New” and pressing Enter after inputting the information.
5. Data Type Observation
While entering data, a basic observation can distinguish between text and numbers:
Text vs. Numbers: Text generally aligns to the left side of the cell, whereas numbers align to the right side.
Essential Excel Formulas and Functions Reference
The course content provides a quick revision of essential formulas and functions, emphasizing those that are most important and often asked about in interviews. Formulas are considered the backbone of Excel.
The formulas and functions discussed fall into several categories, including basic mathematics, statistical calculations, conditional logic, text manipulation, date calculations, and lookup functions.
1. Basic Calculation and Statistical Formulas
These formulas handle fundamental mathematical and ranking operations:
FormulaDescriptionKey RequirementSUMCalculates basic addition.A shortcut is available: Alt + Equals (=), which automatically takes the complete range above the current cell.PercentageCalculated using division, as there is no dedicated percentage function.Requires taking the student’s total marks (numerator) divided by the grand total (denominator, e.g., 400). If the denominator cell is used, it must be fixed using F4 so that the reference does not change when the formula is copied down.RANKDetermines the position of a number within a set of numbers.Requires two inputs: the number to be checked (e.g., a student’s percentage) and the complete reference range of all numbers (e.g., all student percentages). The reference range must be fixed using F4. Users must also choose between descending or ascending order.SUBTOTALCalculates totals (like SUM) but is specifically designed for use with filtered data.Unlike the standard SUM formula, SUBTOTAL provides accurate totals only for the currently visible, filtered data. When using SUBTOTAL, you input the function number (e.g., 9 for SUM) followed by the reference range. This is necessary because the normal SUM formula will show the total of the entire dataset, even if a filter is applied.SUMIFCalculates the sum of values based on a ** single specified criterion**.Requires providing a range (where to look for the criterion), the criteria itself (what to look for, e.g., a specific party name like “Swift Nova”), and the sum range (the column containing the values to be summed). All ranges should typically be fixed using F4.2. Logical and Conditional Formulas
The IF function is considered “universal” and mandatory for any complex work involving dashboards or sheets.
FormulaDescriptionKey RequirementsIFApplies a conditional test and returns one value if the condition is True, and another if False.Logical Test: The condition to be checked (e.g., is the percentage greater than 50%?). Value if True/False: The outputs if the condition is met or not met. Any text output (like “Pass” or “Fail”) must be enclosed in double inverted commas.3. Text and Date Formulas
These formulas assist in reformatting text and performing time-based calculations:
FormulaDescriptionKey RequirementsPROPERConverts text into sentence case (proper capitalization).Requires selecting the text cell. This is useful for cleaning up data where names or phrases might be entered in all small or all capital letters.TEXTPrimarily used with dates to extract specific components like the full day or month name.Requires the value (the date cell) and the format (the code defining what to extract, enclosed in double inverted commas). For example, typing “DDDD” will return the full day name (e.g., “Tuesday”).DAYSCalculates the difference in the number of days between two specified dates.The syntax requires providing the end date first, followed by the start date.EDATECalculates a future due date by adding a specified number of months to a starting date.Requires the start date and the number of months to add.4. Lookup Formulas
Lookup formulas are crucial for retrieving information from a master dataset into a report or summary.
FormulaDescriptionKey RequirementsVLOOKUPRetrieves information from a table based on a lookup value.Crucially, the lookup value (the item being searched for, e.g., “Bharat Innovation”) cannot be duplicated in the master data. Requires specifying the lookup value, the complete table array (the data range, often excluding headers), and the column index number (the number of the column containing the desired answer). For an exact match, the final argument should be set to FALSE.XLOOKUPAn alternative to VLOOKUP and HLOOKUP, available in Excel versions after 2019.It is considered much easier to use. It requires the lookup value, the lookup array (just the column where the lookup value is found), and the return array (just the column where the desired answer is located). Similar to VLOOKUP, the lookup value should not be duplicated.5. Features Related to Formulas
In addition to formulas, the course touches on features that automate pattern recognition and data manipulation:
Flash Fill (Control + E): This feature, available after the 2019 version, works based on pattern recognition. If the source data and the desired output follow a similar pattern (e.g., combining first and last names), the user provides one example answer, and Flash Fill automatically generates the rest of the output for the entire column.
Dynamic Tables: Converting data to a Table (Shortcut: Ctrl + T) makes formulas dynamic, meaning they automatically extend and apply to new entries added to the table.
Excel Conditional Formatting and Rules
Conditional Formatting is a vital feature in Excel that allows you to apply formatting (decoration) to cells based on specified conditions or rules. The name itselfConditional Formatting is a vital feature in Excel that allows you to apply formatting (decoration) to cells based on specified conditions or rules. The name itself explains its function: you are applying formatting using a condition.
Conditional Formatting and Filtering share similar options, although they serve different purposes. The rules for Conditional Formatting are primarily found under the Home tab.
Purpose and Mechanism
Conditional Formatting means applying formatting—such as colors, fonts, borders, alignment, or number format—with a condition.
For example, you might set a rule: “If the cell’s amount is greater than 100, color it green; otherwise, color it red”. The formula acts like an “If” condition, where if a criterion is met, the decoration is applied.
Key Rules and Conditions
The course content demonstrates several essential rules found within the Conditional Formatting feature:
Greater Than / Less Than: You can highlight values that are above or below a specified number.
Example: Highlighting quantities greater than 10 with red color.
Example: Highlighting quantities less than 7 with green color.
Between: This rule highlights values that fall within a defined range (e.g., between 10 and 15).
Equals To: This highlights cells containing a specific, exact value (e.g., 20).
When using Equals To, you can apply a Custom Format, allowing you to choose specific fill colors (e.g., blue) and font colors (e.g., white and bold) that are not available in the preset options.
Text That Contains: This highlights cells where the text includes a specific string.
Example: If you select a column and set the rule to highlight cells containing “प्रदेश,” it will highlight “Uttar Pradesh,” “Madhya Pradesh,” and “Himachal Pradesh” because they all contain the specified text.
Date Occurring: This allows you to highlight dates based on their relationship to the current date, such as Yesterday, Tomorrow, or Today.
Duplicate Values: This feature quickly identifies and highlights any values that are repeated within the selected range.
Top/Bottom Rules: You can highlight the Top 10 items or Top 10 Percentage of values in the selection.
Data Bars, Color Scales, and Icon Sets: Beyond highlighting text or numbers, Conditional Formatting offers graphical visualization options like Data Bars, Color Scales, and Icon Sets.
Managing Conditional Formatting Rules
Rules can be cleared or managed in two ways:
Clear Rules from Selected Cells: Removes formatting only from the specific area you have selected.
Clear Rules from Entire Sheet: Removes all Conditional Formatting rules applied across the entire worksheet.
Manage Rules: Used to view or edit existing rules, such as correcting an incorrect range selection.
Distinction from Filtering
While Conditional Formatting options are very similar to those found in Filter dropdowns (e.g., Greater Than, Text That Contains, Date Occurring), their core difference lies in how they display the data:
FeatureConditional FormattingFilteringData DisplayAll data remains visible (e.g., 10,000 entries).Only the matching subset of data is displayed (e.g., 2,000 entries).HighlightingThe results that meet the condition are highlighted with color.The results that do not meet the condition are hidden (data is not deleted).Conditional Formatting is preferred when you want the complete dataset to remain visible, but certain data points need to be visually highlighted.
Excel Data Validation: Creating Dropdown Lists
Data Validation is a feature in Excel primarily used to create dropdown menus within cells. It offers a way to restrict or guide the type of data that can be entered into a cell or range, thereby ensuring consistency and ease of data entry.
The course content demonstrates two primary methods for setting up dropdowns using Data Validation:
1. Creating Dropdowns from an Existing List (Source List)
If you already have a set of unique values prepared in a range (such as unique party names or categories), you can use this range as the source for your dropdown list.
Process:Select the cell(s) where you want the dropdown to appear.
Navigate to the Data tab.
Go to Data Validation.
In the Data Validation window, under the “Allow” setting, choose List.
In the “Source” field, select the range of cells containing the unique values (the pre-existing list).
Click Enter or OK.
Result: The selected cells will now have a dropdown arrow, allowing users to select any value from the source list. This can be dragged down to apply the validation to more cells.
2. Creating Dropdowns by Manually Entering Values
If the list of possible entries is small or static, you can manually type the options directly into the Data Validation source box.
Process:Select the cell(s).
Go to Data > Data Validation.
Under the “Allow” setting, choose List.
In the “Source” field, manually enter the desired values, ensuring they are separated by commas.
Example: To create a dropdown for typical survey responses, you would enter Yes, No, I don’t know.
Click OK.
Result: The dropdown will contain only the options you typed.
Other Data Validation Applications
The Data Validation feature is capable of more than just creating dropdowns. It can be used to set restrictions on data entry.
The options available within Data Validation (such as Number, Decimal, etc.) are similar to those found in Conditional Formatting.
While the course primarily uses Data Validation to teach the creation of dropdowns, it is noted that this feature can also be used for other types of data restriction.
Excel Mastery in 90 Minutes | Complete Excel Course in One Video
Action movies are known for their high-octane energy, jaw-dropping stunts, and larger-than-life heroes, but not every film in this genre manages to achieve those standards. Some movies, despite massive budgets, stellar casts, and promising premises, stumble spectacularly at the box office. Whether plagued by incoherent plots, poor performances, or chaotic direction, these misfires have earned a reputation for being among the worst the genre has to offer.
Even big franchises aren’t immune to failure—sequels, prequels, and reboots have often left fans scratching their heads. What could have been the next blockbuster hit turns into a forgettable flop, with dazzling explosions serving as mere distractions from convoluted storytelling. For moviegoers, there’s nothing more disappointing than realizing that the adrenaline rush they anticipated is replaced by frustration or boredom.
This list of the 60 worst action films ever made highlights just how wide the gap can be between expectation and execution. These movies have taught filmmakers hard lessons about the importance of pacing, character development, and meaningful plot twists. Sometimes, the pursuit of spectacle alone isn’t enough to carry a film, no matter how impressive the visual effects may be.
1 – The Last Witch Hunter (2015)
The Last Witch Hunter was set up to be a dark fantasy extravaganza, with Vin Diesel portraying a stoic, immortal hunter locked in a timeless battle against supernatural forces. Despite the alluring premise, the movie’s world-building lacked depth, and Diesel’s brooding performance felt more wooden than heroic. Critics agreed that it was weighed down by a disjointed plot and unimaginative visuals that failed to immerse viewers in its fantasy realm. With so much potential squandered, this film stands as a textbook example of how not to blend fantasy with action.
What makes The Last Witch Hunter particularly frustrating is its tonal inconsistency—it tries to balance gravitas with humor but ends up achieving neither effectively. The film drags in parts, making the stakes feel non-existent despite the epic nature of the conflict. Roger Ebert famously remarked that “a good action movie doesn’t just show action; it makes us care about it.” This film, unfortunately, proves the opposite. The visuals may sparkle momentarily, but the lack of emotional resonance makes it an unmemorable watch.
Keywords: Vin Diesel, fantasy action flop, disjointed plot, failed execution
Rambo III tried to ride the wave of success from its predecessors, but it quickly became a cautionary tale of diminishing returns. While the original First Blood was a nuanced character study, this sequel reduced John Rambo to a caricature of himself—an unstoppable war machine without meaningful character depth. Critics found fault with its exaggerated action sequences, which, though entertaining, often bordered on the absurd. The political backdrop of the Soviet-Afghan conflict also feels awkwardly handled, offering little more than a shallow depiction of global tensions.
The movie’s bloated budget didn’t translate into a gripping narrative, and the lack of emotional stakes was hard to ignore. With dialogue that felt stilted and over-the-top action that seemed to prioritize explosions over substance, Rambo III fell flat. As film scholar David Bordwell notes, “Action without consequence is spectacle without meaning,” and this movie serves as a prime example of how spectacle alone cannot salvage a weak script.
Keywords: Rambo III, diminishing returns, shallow narrative, exaggerated action
Michael Bay’s Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen is infamous for being the sequel that took everything overboard—louder explosions, faster cuts, and more incoherent subplots. While the first Transformers film managed to balance chaos with heart, this installment spirals into sensory overload. The visual effects are impressive, but they come at the expense of character development and a coherent storyline. Viewers are bombarded with frenetic sequences, leaving little room for meaningful moments to sink in.
The film also suffered from poorly executed humor and convoluted plot elements. While the inclusion of mystical symbols and ancient Decepticons could have added depth, it only served to complicate an already messy narrative. As media critic Thomas Schatz points out, “Sequels often collapse under the weight of their own ambition,” and Revenge of the Fallen is a prime example. Despite its commercial success, the film remains a critical failure, leaving even die-hard fans exhausted rather than exhilarated.
These three films exemplify how ambition without proper execution can result in cinematic disasters. Each of them—The Last Witch Hunter, Rambo III, and Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen—tried to deliver action-packed experiences but fell short in crucial aspects like narrative cohesion, character depth, and emotional engagement. Whether due to tonal inconsistency, exaggerated action, or overloaded visuals, these films left audiences feeling more frustrated than entertained.
In action movies, as in any genre, balance is key. A strong story can elevate stunning visuals, but when that story falters, even the most spectacular special effects lose their impact. These films remind filmmakers and fans alike that the most memorable action movies don’t just rely on explosions—they tell stories that resonate, with characters audiences care about. For anyone looking to understand what not to do in action filmmaking, these titles are essential case studies.
Keywords: action movies, cinematic disasters, poor storytelling, lessons from film flops
Despite its intriguing premise, Empire State fails to deliver the tension and excitement that a heist film demands. Starring Liam Hemsworth and Dwayne Johnson, the movie tells the story of two friends who plan to rob an armored-car depot. However, what should have been a taut crime thriller becomes a dull and formulaic affair. The plot unfolds predictably, leaving little room for suspense or emotional stakes. Hemsworth’s performance feels uninspired, and even Johnson’s charismatic screen presence can’t rescue the sluggish pacing.
The film also struggles with character development. Instead of diving into the motivations and dilemmas of the protagonists, Empire State skims the surface, resulting in characters that feel two-dimensional. As crime film expert Steve Cohan notes, “A great heist movie needs not just a clever plan, but characters we care about.” Unfortunately, this film lacks both. The few moments of action are poorly executed, making it hard for viewers to stay engaged. Ultimately, Empire State fails to capitalize on its potential, leaving audiences with a forgettable experience.
Keywords: heist movie flop, Liam Hemsworth, poor pacing, missed potential
Chaos Walking promised to be an innovative sci-fi adventure, set on a planet where every thought is visible and audible. With a cast led by Tom Holland and Daisy Ridley, expectations were high, but the film suffered from severe narrative issues. The concept of “The Noise,” which allows everyone to hear each other’s thoughts, is interesting on paper but becomes confusing and exhausting in execution. The film struggles to balance its complex sci-fi elements with meaningful character arcs, leading to a fragmented viewing experience.
Director Doug Liman attempted to adapt a dense novel series into a coherent film, but the result feels rushed and incomplete. The chemistry between the leads is underwhelming, and the story lacks the emotional depth needed to anchor the spectacle. As film critic James Berardinelli suggests, “Good sci-fi isn’t just about ideas—it’s about how those ideas connect with the human experience.” Unfortunately, Chaos Walking fails to make that connection, leaving viewers disconnected from both the characters and the narrative.
Dwayne Johnson’s Skyscraper aimed to combine disaster film thrills with a high-stakes action narrative, but it stumbled under the weight of clichés and improbable plot points. The movie follows a security expert who must infiltrate a blazing skyscraper to rescue his family from criminals. Despite impressive visuals, the film’s heavy reliance on genre tropes—such as a hero with a tragic past and impossible stunts—makes it feel more like a hollow imitation of better films, such as Die Hard.
Though Skyscraper provides some visually exciting moments, the lack of originality and emotional engagement detracts from the overall experience. Johnson’s performance, while charismatic, can’t compensate for the film’s predictable storyline and thin characters. As Pauline Kael once remarked, “Spectacle without substance wears out quickly.” This perfectly encapsulates the issue with Skyscraper, which offers spectacle but little else, making it more of a fleeting thrill than a memorable action masterpiece.
Keywords: Dwayne Johnson, action movie clichés, spectacle without substance, failed disaster film
These three films—Empire State, Chaos Walking, and Skyscraper—highlight the pitfalls of uninspired storytelling, poor character development, and an over-reliance on spectacle. Despite featuring talented actors and ambitious premises, they falter under the pressure of high expectations. Whether it’s a crime thriller lacking tension, a sci-fi film lost in its own concept, or an action flick riddled with clichés, these movies serve as cautionary tales for filmmakers.
Successful action films require more than explosions and special effects; they need gripping narratives and characters with emotional depth. As these films demonstrate, even with big names and big budgets, execution is everything. They remind us that action, no matter how spectacular, must be grounded in compelling storytelling to leave a lasting impression.
Keywords: uninspired storytelling, action clichés, failed adaptations, lessons from movie flops
Shazam: Fury of the Gods had the potential to build on the charm of its predecessor, but it stumbled with a bloated plot and underdeveloped character arcs. While the original Shazam! struck a balance between humor, heart, and action, the sequel leaned too heavily into spectacle, sacrificing the emotional core that made the first film resonate with audiences. Despite the return of Zachary Levi’s playful performance as the superhero alter-ego of Billy Batson, the storyline felt cluttered with too many subplots and new characters, which made it difficult for any of them to leave a lasting impression.
The movie also struggled with tone, veering awkwardly between juvenile comedy and mythological drama. With antagonists that lacked depth and stakes that felt unearned, the film left both fans and critics underwhelmed. Film scholar Linda Hutcheon argues that “sequels must offer more than repetition—they must evolve,” but Fury of the Gods fails to achieve that evolution. Its reliance on formulaic tropes, rather than meaningful growth, makes it an unfortunate example of how sequels can falter when they lose sight of what made the original successful.
Blade: Trinity closed out the Blade trilogy on a disappointing note, lacking the edge and intensity that defined the first two films. Wesley Snipes’ portrayal of the vampire hunter felt subdued, with behind-the-scenes production troubles reportedly affecting the film’s quality. The introduction of the Nightstalkers—a team of vampire hunters played by Ryan Reynolds and Jessica Biel—was intended to inject new energy, but it only diluted the focus on Blade himself. Furthermore, the decision to cast Dracula as the main villain came across as uninspired, turning what could have been a climactic showdown into a lackluster confrontation.
The film’s tonal imbalance also contributed to its downfall, shifting awkwardly between dark horror and campy humor. Reynolds’ comedic banter clashed with the grim atmosphere of the original films, leaving audiences confused about what the movie wanted to be. As film theorist Richard Dyer notes, “Consistency in tone strengthens immersion,” and the lack of cohesion in Blade: Trinity disrupted viewers’ engagement. The movie serves as a cautionary example of how overcomplicating a narrative and diluting the protagonist’s role can diminish a once-promising franchise.
Based on Philip Reeve’s popular novel, Mortal Engines offered a fascinating concept: massive, mobile cities devouring each other to survive. However, the movie’s stunning visuals could not mask the glaring flaws in its storytelling and character development. Despite being produced by Peter Jackson, the narrative feels rushed and overly complicated, failing to effectively translate the novel’s intricate world-building onto the big screen. Critics noted that the spectacle of moving cities loses its novelty quickly, as the film struggles to maintain narrative momentum.
The characters, though promising, were poorly fleshed out, leaving audiences disconnected from their personal struggles and relationships. In the words of screenwriting expert Robert McKee, “Spectacle can excite, but only story can inspire.” Unfortunately, Mortal Engines relied too much on its visual grandeur, neglecting the emotional engagement needed to carry a high-concept film. The result is a movie that, while visually impressive, feels hollow and forgettable, making it a classic example of style over substance.
These three films—Shazam: Fury of the Gods, Blade: Trinity, and Mortal Engines—highlight the importance of balance in filmmaking. Each one aimed to deliver an engaging experience but faltered due to a combination of narrative missteps, tonal inconsistencies, and underwhelming character development. Sequels and adaptations face the unique challenge of meeting expectations while offering something fresh, and these films failed to find that sweet spot.
These misfires remind us that action and spectacle alone cannot sustain a film. The heart of every successful story lies in well-developed characters and a cohesive plot that resonates with the audience. As these films demonstrate, even big franchises and visually stunning concepts are not immune to failure when execution falls short. For those studying the pitfalls of filmmaking, these titles offer valuable lessons in how overreliance on spectacle and poor narrative choices can derail even the most ambitious projects.
The 2015 Point Break remake attempted to modernize the beloved 1991 cult classic but ended up as a soulless, CGI-heavy disappointment. While the original film, starring Keanu Reeves and Patrick Swayze, captivated audiences with a blend of genuine friendship, thrilling stunts, and philosophical undertones, the remake is more concerned with extreme sports montages than storytelling. The narrative trades emotional weight for dazzling visuals, with action sequences that, though impressive, feel hollow without meaningful stakes or character development.
The new Point Break tries to add depth by incorporating environmental activism into its plot, but this theme feels forced and underdeveloped. As film theorist Noël Carroll argues, “True engagement in action cinema comes from emotional investment, not spectacle alone.” Unfortunately, the flat performances, uninspired dialogue, and lack of chemistry among the characters make it difficult for viewers to care about their fates. The remake serves as a reminder that flashy action cannot replace substance, making it a textbook example of how not to reboot a beloved classic.
Keywords: Point Break remake, hollow spectacle, poor storytelling, failed reboot
Gemini Man had the unique advantage of featuring Will Smith in a dual role, portraying both an aging assassin and a younger clone of himself. Despite this intriguing concept, the film was weighed down by uninspired writing and lackluster pacing. Directed by Ang Lee, the movie leaned heavily on technological innovations, including high-frame-rate filming and de-aging effects, but the narrative failed to match the ambition of its visuals. The emotional conflict between the two versions of the same character feels undercooked, leaving audiences disconnected from the film’s core drama.
Critics also pointed out that the movie’s philosophical themes, such as identity and moral accountability, were explored superficially. As film critic Mark Kermode noted, “Technology can be mesmerizing, but it’s the story that holds the magic.” In Gemini Man, the reliance on special effects over meaningful storytelling left audiences feeling underwhelmed. While the action sequences were competently choreographed, they lacked the emotional weight needed to make the film memorable, leading to a costly box-office disappointment.
Keywords: Gemini Man failure, de-aging technology, shallow themes, Will Smith dual role
The 355 aimed to be a globe-trotting, female-led spy thriller but ultimately failed to deliver the thrills expected from its genre. Despite its star-studded cast—featuring Jessica Chastain, Penélope Cruz, Lupita Nyong’o, and Diane Kruger—the film struggled with a formulaic plot that lacked originality. The action sequences were competent but uninspired, and the pacing issues made it difficult for the movie to build tension. Critics noted that the film’s narrative felt like a collection of genre clichés without any fresh twists to set it apart from more successful spy movies.
Moreover, the film’s attempt to convey themes of female empowerment fell flat due to poorly written characters. Instead of giving the talented cast meaningful roles to shine, the screenplay reduces them to stereotypes, making their motivations feel contrived. As feminist film critic Molly Haskell writes, “Empowerment on screen is meaningless if it’s not accompanied by narrative depth.” Unfortunately, The 355 sacrifices character development for generic action, resulting in a movie that neither excites nor inspires.
These three films—Point Break, Gemini Man, and The 355—highlight the recurring pitfalls of prioritizing spectacle over substance. Each movie featured promising elements: a reboot of a classic, a dual-role performance from a major star, and an ensemble of talented actors. Yet, they all faltered due to weak storytelling, underdeveloped characters, and an overreliance on flashy visuals. These failures emphasize the importance of narrative cohesion and emotional depth, even in action-heavy films.
In the pursuit of high-concept premises and visual innovation, these films lost sight of the essentials that make action movies engaging: compelling characters, meaningful stakes, and well-paced narratives. Whether it’s a reboot gone wrong, technology overshadowing plot, or a missed opportunity for empowerment, these titles serve as cautionary tales for filmmakers. They remind us that great action films require more than adrenaline—they need heart, depth, and a story that resonates long after the explosions fade.
Keywords: reboot failures, action clichés, poor character development, narrative missteps
The 2016 remake of Ben-Hur attempted to reimagine the 1959 epic classic, but it faltered on almost every front. While the original film became legendary for its gripping story, emotional depth, and awe-inspiring chariot race, the remake struggles to live up to that legacy. Directed by Timur Bekmambetov, the film offers lackluster performances, rushed character arcs, and a diluted plot that lacks the emotional resonance of its predecessor. The CGI-heavy chariot race, which should have been the film’s highlight, feels hollow and fails to capture the thrill of the original’s practical effects.
Ben-Hur also suffers from an identity crisis, unable to decide whether it wants to be a character-driven drama or a full-blown action spectacle. As film critic Roger Ebert once said, “A great remake finds new depth, not just new effects.” Unfortunately, the 2016 version prioritizes spectacle over substance, resulting in a shallow, uninspired experience. By the end, the film’s message of redemption feels unearned, leaving audiences disengaged and critics unimpressed.
G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra aimed to establish a cinematic franchise based on the iconic toy line, but its over-the-top plot and excessive use of CGI left audiences and critics cold. The film is loaded with fast-paced action and high-tech gadgets, but these elements fail to compensate for the thin storyline and cartoonish characters. While the cast, including Channing Tatum and Marlon Wayans, tried to bring energy to their roles, the dialogue often feels forced and cliché.
The movie also struggled with pacing and coherence, cramming too many plotlines and set-pieces into a single film. As scholar David Bordwell notes, “Even in action cinema, clarity in storytelling is crucial.” The Rise of Cobra lacks that clarity, resulting in a chaotic narrative that confuses rather than excites. Though it was intended to kick off a franchise, the movie’s disappointing reception serves as a reminder that flashy visuals alone cannot carry an action film.
Keywords: G.I. Joe movie flop, chaotic narrative, excessive CGI, poor storytelling
Taken 3 attempts to conclude the Taken trilogy but falls short of recapturing the intensity and intrigue that made the original film a success. Liam Neeson reprises his role as Bryan Mills, but the plot—centered around him being framed for a murder he didn’t commit—feels stale and formulaic. The action scenes, though numerous, are marred by choppy editing and a lack of originality. Viewers expecting the taut, revenge-driven narrative of the first film were instead met with a convoluted plot that stretches the premise to its limits.
The emotional stakes, which were the driving force behind the first Taken, are also notably absent. Instead of a personal story of rescue and redemption, Taken 3 offers a disconnected series of chase scenes and shootouts. As storytelling expert John Yorke argues, “The heart of action stories lies in the protagonist’s emotional journey,” and Taken 3 fails to provide one. While Neeson’s performance is as reliable as ever, even his “particular set of skills” can’t save the film from mediocrity.
Keywords: Taken 3 flop, formulaic plot, lack of emotional stakes, weak trilogy conclusion
These films—Ben-Hur (2016), G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra, and Taken 3—demonstrate how ambitious projects can falter when spectacle overshadows storytelling. The remake of Ben-Hur attempted to modernize a classic but lost the heart and gravitas that made the original iconic. Similarly, G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra relied on CGI-fueled action but neglected plot clarity and emotional engagement. Meanwhile, Taken 3 overstretched a once-compelling premise, delivering a lackluster conclusion to an otherwise gripping series.
Together, these films highlight the importance of grounding action in meaningful stories. As these examples show, even with recognizable franchises, talented actors, and high production values, movies can fail if they lack coherence and emotional depth. Audiences crave more than explosions—they want characters they can connect with and narratives that resonate. These missteps offer valuable lessons for filmmakers: great action films are not just about thrills but about delivering a story that leaves a lasting impact.
Keywords: remake mistakes, franchise fatigue, shallow storytelling, action movie failures
Hot Pursuit aimed to blend comedy and action, but the result was an awkward film that failed to deliver on either front. Despite the star power of Reese Witherspoon and Sofía Vergara, their on-screen chemistry felt forced, and the humor relied heavily on stereotypes and slapstick gags that quickly wore thin. Critics and audiences found the plot predictable, with minimal suspense or meaningful character development to support the comedic tone. The film’s action sequences, meant to add excitement, were clunky and unimaginative, detracting from what little momentum the narrative had.
The movie’s biggest misstep lies in its inconsistent tone. It couldn’t decide whether it wanted to be a buddy-cop comedy or a road-trip adventure, resulting in a muddled experience that failed on both counts. Film theorist Steve Neale notes that genre blending can enhance films, but only when executed with finesse. In Hot Pursuit, the attempt to combine comedy with action falls flat, leaving viewers disengaged. This film serves as a cautionary tale for how even talented actors can’t salvage a project without a solid script and clear direction.
Keywords: Hot Pursuit failure, weak comedy, forced chemistry, muddled tone
The 2018 Robin Hood reimagining attempted to modernize the legendary outlaw’s story with flashy visuals and frenetic action, but it was met with widespread criticism for being style over substance. Starring Taron Egerton and Jamie Foxx, the film leaned heavily into action sequences and slow-motion effects, giving it the feel of a video game rather than a compelling historical drama. Its attempts to inject a rebellious, youthful energy came across as contrived, making it difficult for audiences to connect with the characters or take the story seriously.
The film also failed to offer a fresh perspective on the well-known Robin Hood narrative, instead recycling tropes and clichés that felt out of place in the medieval setting. Scholar Linda Seger points out that “successful adaptations must honor the spirit of the original while bringing something new to the table.” Unfortunately, Robin Hood struggled to find that balance, alienating both fans of the legend and general audiences alike. This misguided attempt to rebrand a classic story serves as a prime example of how flashy visuals cannot compensate for weak storytelling.
Keywords: Robin Hood 2018, style over substance, adaptation failure, weak plot
Baywatch tried to revive the iconic ’90s TV series by mixing comedy, action, and beachside charm, but the result was a movie that sank under the weight of juvenile humor and an incoherent plot. Starring Dwayne “The Rock” Johnson and Zac Efron, the film leaned heavily on raunchy jokes and slapstick moments, which alienated both fans of the original show and new audiences. The story, which revolves around lifeguards uncovering a criminal conspiracy, felt absurd even by comedic-action standards, making it hard for viewers to suspend disbelief.
Though Johnson and Efron brought charisma to their roles, their efforts were undermined by a poorly written script that failed to capitalize on the charm of the original series. The action sequences were neither thrilling nor inventive, and the humor often fell flat. As comedy scholar Noël Carroll explains, “Humor must align with the narrative to sustain engagement,” but Baywatch’s jokes felt disconnected from the story, making it a chore to watch. Ultimately, the film is an example of how not to adapt a nostalgic property, delivering neither memorable laughs nor compelling action.
These three films—Hot Pursuit, Robin Hood (2018), and Baywatch—demonstrate that even promising premises and star-studded casts can’t save a project weighed down by weak scripts and misguided direction. Each of these films struggled to find a coherent tone, leading to disjointed narratives that left audiences dissatisfied. Whether it’s a buddy-cop comedy, a reimagined legend, or an action comedy based on a beloved TV series, these titles reveal that balancing genres requires more than just ambition—it requires thoughtful execution.
These films also highlight the importance of knowing your audience. Attempting to modernize or reboot popular stories without honoring their original spirit can backfire, alienating fans while failing to attract new viewers. As these examples show, even talented actors and high production values cannot make up for poor storytelling. For filmmakers, these failures offer a critical lesson: nostalgia, star power, and spectacle mean little without a well-crafted narrative that resonates with viewers.
Jurassic World Dominion attempted to close out the trilogy on an epic note, but it quickly became a confusing mess of subplots and nostalgic callbacks. While audiences expected an action-packed showdown between humans and dinosaurs, much of the film’s runtime was dedicated to convoluted storylines about corporate espionage and genetically engineered insects. The dinosaurs, which should have been the stars, felt sidelined as the plot juggled too many elements. Critics noted that the film struggled to capture the suspenseful magic of the original Jurassic Park, with poorly developed characters and an overstuffed narrative diluting the excitement.
Even the return of fan-favorite characters like Dr. Ellie Sattler and Dr. Ian Malcolm couldn’t save the film from criticism. As media scholar Jason Mittell suggests, “Effective sequels balance fan service with original storytelling, offering something new while honoring the past.” Unfortunately, Dominion leaned too heavily on nostalgia without delivering a compelling new narrative. The result was a disappointing conclusion to a franchise that, once upon a time, redefined blockbuster cinema.
Cop Out tried to be a throwback to buddy-cop comedies of the past, but it missed the mark with uninspired jokes and disjointed storytelling. Directed by Kevin Smith, the film stars Bruce Willis and Tracy Morgan as mismatched partners chasing down a stolen baseball card. While the premise offers room for comedy and action, the film’s humor relies on overused clichés and awkward improvisation. Many scenes feel more like filler than meaningful plot progression, with punchlines that rarely land.
The movie also suffered from a lack of chemistry between Willis and Morgan, making their dynamic feel forced and inconsistent. As film critic Pauline Kael once noted, “Comedy thrives on rhythm, but a flat delivery can leave it lifeless.” Cop Out exemplifies this issue, failing to capture the fast-paced banter that defines great buddy-cop films. While it had moments of potential, the lack of narrative focus and comedic misfires ultimately turned it into a forgettable flop.
Men in Black: International tried to reboot the beloved sci-fi franchise with a new cast, but the attempt fell short of expectations. Starring Chris Hemsworth and Tessa Thompson, the film struggled with an uninspired plot revolving around a mole inside the Men in Black organization. Although the two leads shared chemistry, the lack of a strong script made their performances feel wasted. The film’s humor was inconsistent, and the action sequences lacked the creativity and charm that defined the original trilogy.
One of the film’s biggest flaws was its failure to expand the Men in Black universe in a meaningful way. As adaptation expert Linda Hutcheon argues, “New installments must justify their existence by offering new perspectives or expanding the narrative world.” Unfortunately, Men in Black: International merely rehashed familiar tropes without adding anything new, leaving viewers underwhelmed. The result was a reboot that felt unnecessary, diluting the franchise’s legacy instead of enhancing it.
Keywords: Men in Black reboot, uninspired plot, weak humor, wasted potential
Hashtags: #MIBFail #FranchiseFatigue #SciFiFlop
Conclusion
These three films—Jurassic World Dominion, Cop Out, and Men in Black: International—highlight the challenges of reviving popular franchises. Each of these movies struggled with balancing nostalgia, new elements, and engaging storytelling. Whether it’s sidelining iconic dinosaurs for confusing subplots, failing to recreate the magic of buddy-cop comedies, or rebooting a sci-fi series without meaningful innovation, these films demonstrate how franchises can falter when they rely too heavily on formulaic approaches.
The common thread among these flops is the lack of fresh ideas and poor execution. Audiences crave more than just familiar faces or recycled concepts—they want engaging stories that push boundaries while staying true to the franchise’s core appeal. These examples serve as reminders for filmmakers: no amount of special effects, star power, or brand recognition can compensate for a weak narrative. To stand out in today’s crowded entertainment landscape, storytelling remains the key ingredient.
Ava sought to deliver an intense, globe-trotting thriller starring Jessica Chastain as a ruthless assassin, but despite its promising premise, the film fell into familiar tropes. While Chastain’s performance showed flashes of brilliance, the underdeveloped plot and uninspired dialogue made it difficult for the film to maintain momentum. The movie tries to blend sleek action with family drama, but the emotional beats feel forced and disrupt the narrative flow. Audiences expecting a taut, stylish thriller were left disappointed by the film’s uneven pacing and cliched storytelling.
The lack of originality in Ava was particularly glaring, with many critics pointing out that it felt like a patchwork of better films in the genre. As genre critic Geoff King notes, “Action films thrive on either exceptional choreography or strong narrative stakes.” Ava offers neither, relying too much on familiar setups without delivering anything memorable. Despite a star-studded cast, including John Malkovich and Colin Farrell, the film struggled to stand out in a crowded genre.
Keywords: Ava movie flop, uninspired thriller, forced family drama, cliched storytelling
Vengeance aimed to tell a gritty story of justice and revenge, but the film’s dark tone and clunky execution ultimately worked against it. While vigilante justice can make for compelling cinema, Vengeance lacked the nuance needed to explore the moral complexities of its subject matter. The characters, including the vengeful policeman and the victimized mother, are thinly developed, making it difficult for viewers to connect with their motivations. The action sequences, although intense, felt repetitive, further weakening the film’s impact.
What Vengeance failed to grasp is that stories of revenge require emotional depth to resonate. As film theorist Robert McKee explains, “True suspense comes from emotional investment, not just violence.” This film misses that mark, focusing more on brutal action than on creating meaningful stakes for the characters. Without emotional nuance or fresh ideas, Vengeance fades into the background as yet another forgettable entry in the vigilante genre.
Street Fighter (1994) attempted to bring the popular video game to the big screen but quickly became a prime example of how not to adapt a beloved property. Starring Jean-Claude Van Damme as Colonel Guile, the film is notorious for its over-the-top performances, nonsensical plot, and campy dialogue. Although it tries to capture the spirit of the game with colorful characters, the incoherent story and cheesy special effects left audiences bewildered. The film’s tone is equally confusing, shifting between action, comedy, and drama without a clear sense of direction.
Adaptations of video games often face criticism for failing to do justice to their source material, and Street Fighter exemplifies this struggle. As critic Ian Bogost observes, “The challenge with video game adaptations lies in translating interactive experience into narrative coherence.” Street Fighter tries to squeeze a chaotic fighting game into a linear storyline, resulting in a messy and disjointed film that alienated both fans and general audiences. Despite its cult following, the movie is remembered more for its failures than for its achievements.
Keywords: Street Fighter movie, bad video game adaptation, cheesy dialogue, incoherent plot
These films—Ava, Vengeance, and Street Fighter—show how even ambitious action films can collapse under the weight of poor execution. Each of these movies struggled with fundamental storytelling issues, whether it was Ava’s forced emotional beats, Vengeance’s shallow exploration of justice, or Street Fighter’s chaotic adaptation. The common thread among these films is their inability to maintain narrative coherence, leaving audiences disconnected and dissatisfied.
These titles also highlight the challenge of balancing genre expectations with meaningful storytelling. Audiences are no longer satisfied with surface-level action or fan service—they want narratives with emotional depth, characters with clear motivations, and innovative storytelling. The failure of these films serves as a reminder that action films, no matter how spectacular, need more than explosions and fights to leave a lasting impression.
Keywords: action movie misfires, failed adaptations, narrative flaws, weak execution
Oldboy (2013) attempted to remake the critically acclaimed South Korean film of the same name, but it ultimately fell flat in capturing the original’s gripping intensity and emotional depth. Starring Josh Brolin as the protagonist seeking vengeance after being inexplicably imprisoned for two decades, the film fails to evoke the same level of psychological intrigue. While it tries to replicate the thrilling twists and turns of the original, the execution feels lackluster, and the character motivations remain shallow. Critics noted that the remake loses the raw emotional power that made the original a cinematic masterpiece, diluting its impact in the process.
The film’s visual style, while polished, cannot compensate for its lack of substance. As film scholar David Bordwell emphasizes, “A film’s aesthetic choices must serve the narrative rather than overshadow it.” Unfortunately, Oldboy prioritizes style over substance, resulting in a story that feels hollow and contrived. Instead of delivering the tension and emotional payoff that audiences expect from a revenge thriller, it meanders through predictable tropes, making it an uninspiring entry in the genre.
Bloodshot attempted to bring the comic book character to life, starring Vin Diesel as Ray Garrison, a soldier brought back to life with superpowers. Despite Diesel’s star power, the film was criticized for its generic plot and predictable storytelling. The narrative follows the familiar arc of revenge and redemption, but it lacks the originality and emotional resonance necessary to engage viewers. Critics pointed out that Bloodshot feels like a missed opportunity, as it fails to explore the character’s moral complexities or the implications of his resurrection, ultimately resulting in a forgettable experience.
Moreover, the film’s reliance on CGI and special effects often overshadowed character development. As film critic Mark Kermode observes, “Action films must find a balance between spectacle and substance to truly resonate.” In Bloodshot, the action sequences, while visually impressive, do little to enhance the story, leaving audiences disconnected from the characters and their motivations. The result is a film that fails to stand out in the crowded superhero genre, reinforcing the notion that even star-studded casts and high production values cannot save a weak narrative.
Keywords: Bloodshot movie flop, predictable storytelling, lack of originality, CGI overshadowing
Paradise City aimed to deliver a gritty crime thriller set against the backdrop of Hawaii, but it quickly fell into the trap of clichéd storytelling and uninspired character arcs. Starring John Travolta and Bruce Willis, the film follows Ryan Swan as he navigates the treacherous crime world to avenge his father’s murder. However, critics highlighted the film’s reliance on predictable tropes and formulaic plot points, which undermined any potential tension. The narrative felt disjointed, failing to create a coherent sense of urgency or stakes for the protagonist.
Moreover, Paradise City struggles to utilize its picturesque Hawaiian setting effectively. Instead of enhancing the narrative, the beautiful backdrop becomes a mere afterthought in a film that prioritizes shallow action over meaningful storytelling. As film scholar Linda Williams notes, “A film’s setting can enrich its narrative, but only if it’s woven into the story rather than merely serving as a backdrop.” In Paradise City, the stunning locale is wasted, resulting in a film that lacks the depth and engagement necessary to captivate audiences.
Keywords: Paradise City failure, clichéd storytelling, disjointed narrative, wasted setting
The films Oldboy, Bloodshot, and Paradise City illustrate how even the most promising concepts can unravel due to poor execution and clichéd storytelling. Each of these movies struggled with a lack of depth and originality, whether it was the failure to capture the emotional weight of revenge, the generic superhero narrative, or the missed opportunity to utilize a beautiful setting. Audiences are increasingly discerning, seeking films that offer more than just superficial action or star power.
These titles serve as a cautionary tale for filmmakers: no amount of spectacle or high-profile actors can compensate for weak storytelling. Engaging narratives, strong character development, and emotional stakes are essential ingredients for any successful action film. As these examples show, without these elements, films risk being relegated to the status of forgettable flops rather than becoming memorable contributions to the genre.
Keywords: action film failures, poor execution, clichéd narratives, storytelling importance
R.I.P.D. aimed to blend supernatural elements with buddy-cop humor, featuring Ryan Reynolds and Jeff Bridges as partners in an afterlife law enforcement agency. However, the film quickly devolved into a chaotic mix of predictable gags and a convoluted plot that failed to resonate with audiences. Critics panned the movie for its reliance on tired clichés and lack of coherent storytelling, leaving viewers scratching their heads rather than laughing. While the premise had the potential for humor and action, the execution fell flat, rendering it a forgettable entry in both the comedy and action genres.
The film’s attempt at a unique premise is undermined by its lack of character development and poor pacing. The chemistry between Reynolds and Bridges, while occasionally entertaining, cannot save the film from its narrative pitfalls. As screenwriting guru Syd Field emphasizes, “A strong screenplay is the backbone of any film; without it, even the best actors cannot breathe life into a project.” R.I.P.D. demonstrates this truth, as its failure to create engaging characters or a compelling plot leads to an overall disappointing experience.
Keywords: R.I.P.D. movie failure, predictable humor, convoluted plot, weak character development
Attack Force featured an elite U.S. military unit on a mission to stop a drug that turns people into violent killers, but it quickly succumbed to a slew of problems, from subpar acting to a disjointed script. Starring Steven Seagal, the film attempts to mix action and intrigue but falls short on both fronts. The action sequences lack the intensity and choreography that audiences expect from a military thriller, making them feel flat and unexciting. Critics noted that the film’s predictable plot and wooden performances rendered it a tedious watch rather than the pulse-pounding experience it aimed to deliver.
Moreover, Attack Force is marred by its failure to develop meaningful stakes or character arcs. The narrative becomes bogged down in clichés, leaving little room for emotional investment or suspense. As film scholar Thomas Schatz argues, “A successful action film must connect the audience to the characters, creating tension and stakes.” Unfortunately, Attack Force disregards this principle, resulting in a film that is easily forgettable in a genre saturated with more compelling options.
Keywords: Attack Force flop, predictable military thriller, subpar action sequences, lack of emotional stakes
Battleship sought to capitalize on the success of its board game namesake by bringing naval warfare and alien invasion to the big screen. However, the film ultimately fell short of expectations, with critics deeming it a misguided attempt at blending science fiction with action. While the special effects and battle sequences were visually impressive, the narrative was rife with clichés and poorly developed characters. The film struggled to establish a coherent plot, leading audiences to disengage from what should have been an exhilarating spectacle.
Despite its action-packed premise, Battleship lacked the depth and engagement necessary to captivate viewers. As critic Richard Roeper points out, “Action films that ignore character development and story can become mindless spectacles, losing the very audience they hope to entertain.” This holds true for Battleship, which often felt like a series of explosions and visual effects without meaningful context or emotional stakes. The result was a film that, despite its potential, faded into obscurity, overshadowed by more innovative entries in the action genre.
Keywords: Battleship movie flop, misguided adaptation, lack of character development, mindless spectacle
The films R.I.P.D., Attack Force, and Battleship exemplify how ambitious concepts can falter due to weak execution and a lack of engaging storytelling. Each of these movies struggled with predictable narratives, clichéd character arcs, and poor pacing, ultimately leaving audiences disappointed. Whether it’s the misstep of failing to blend humor and action in R.I.P.D., the uninspired military mission of Attack Force, or the chaotic spectacle of Battleship, these films demonstrate that star power and visual effects are insufficient without a solid narrative foundation.
As filmmakers continue to navigate the ever-changing landscape of action cinema, these titles serve as a reminder of the importance of character development, coherent storytelling, and emotional resonance. Audiences seek not just thrilling visuals, but meaningful experiences that connect them to the characters and stakes involved. The failures of these films highlight the essential truth that compelling narratives will always triumph over mere spectacle in the realm of action cinema.
Keywords: action movie failures, weak narratives, storytelling importance, cinematic lessons
Wonder Woman 1984 aimed to expand on the beloved superhero’s story but ultimately fell short of the high expectations set by its predecessor. Starring Gal Gadot as Diana Prince, the film attempts to balance a rich narrative with themes of love, loss, and greed, but the execution feels bloated and disjointed. Critics noted that the plot, centered around an ancient artifact that grants wishes, becomes overly convoluted, leading to a lack of clarity in character motivations and the stakes involved. The film’s pacing falters, with lengthy exposition detracting from the action that audiences craved, ultimately resulting in a lackluster superhero experience.
Moreover, the film’s villain, played by Pedro Pascal, is criticized for lacking depth and clear motivations, which diminishes the conflict’s overall impact. As screenwriter Linda Aronson points out, “A compelling antagonist is essential for driving a strong narrative.” Unfortunately, Wonder Woman 1984 struggles to deliver this, resulting in a film that feels more like a missed opportunity than a triumphant sequel. The absence of emotional resonance and engaging conflict ultimately left viewers disappointed, tarnishing the legacy of one of DC Comics’ most iconic characters.
Resident Evil: Welcome to Raccoon City sought to reboot the popular video game franchise with a return to its horror roots, but it stumbled in its execution. While it aimed to provide an origin story for the events leading to the outbreak, critics panned the film for its lack of originality and reliance on familiar tropes. The film fails to capture the essence of what made the original games compelling—an atmosphere of suspense and dread—resulting in a generic horror experience that feels more like a rehash than a fresh take.
The characters, while drawn from the game’s rich lore, are underdeveloped and lack the depth necessary to engage audiences. As film critic Brian Tallerico notes, “For horror to work, viewers must connect with the characters’ plight.” This connection is largely absent in Welcome to Raccoon City, leading to a series of predictable jump scares that fail to evoke genuine terror. The film’s missed opportunity to create a suspenseful and engaging narrative serves as a reminder that successful adaptations must capture the essence of their source material rather than simply recreating it.
Stop! Or My Mom Will Shoot is infamous for being one of Sylvester Stallone’s most criticized films, blending action and comedy in a way that many found lacking. The film’s premise—featuring a tough police sergeant whose overbearing mother meddles in his life—had potential for humor but ultimately felt forced and contrived. Critics have consistently pointed out that the comedic elements fail to land, resulting in a film that is awkward rather than funny. Stallone himself has been quoted saying this film was his worst work, highlighting the widespread consensus on its shortcomings.
The film’s failure lies not only in its execution but also in its failure to balance the action and comedy genres effectively. The jokes often fall flat, and the action sequences lack the intensity expected from a Stallone vehicle. As film scholar Peter Dendle asserts, “A successful comedy must have sharp writing and impeccable timing.” Stop! Or My Mom Will Shoot struggles with both, leading to a lack of engagement and a film that is more painful to watch than entertaining. Ultimately, this title stands as a testament to the importance of a well-crafted screenplay in blending genres effectively.
Keywords: Stop! Or My Mom Will Shoot flop, Stallone movie failure, forced comedy, lack of engagement
The films Wonder Woman 1984, Resident Evil: Welcome to Raccoon City, and Stop! Or My Mom Will Shoot illustrate the challenges of maintaining quality in franchises and genre-blending narratives. Each of these movies faced significant hurdles, whether through convoluted plots, underdeveloped characters, or an inability to balance humor and action. The collective disappointments highlight that even popular franchises and well-known actors cannot guarantee success if the storytelling is lacking.
As filmmakers continue to adapt beloved source materials and experiment with genre conventions, these examples serve as cautionary tales. Audiences crave more than just spectacle or star power; they seek meaningful stories with well-crafted characters and engaging plots. The failures of these films emphasize the importance of a strong narrative foundation, demonstrating that quality storytelling remains the cornerstone of successful cinema.
xXx: State of the Union* attempted to rejuvenate the action franchise by introducing a new lead, Darius Stone, portrayed by Ice Cube. Unfortunately, the film faltered in its efforts to replicate the explosive charm of its predecessor. While the premise of a covert operation in Washington, D.C. offers potential for political intrigue and high-stakes action, the execution ultimately fell flat. Critics pointed to a convoluted plot, subpar dialogue, and a reliance on clichés that diluted the film’s impact. Ice Cube’s performance, although energetic, couldn’t overcome a script that lacked depth and coherence, leading to a cinematic experience that was less thrilling and more tedious than intended.
Moreover, the film’s attempts to blend action with commentary on government corruption were perceived as half-hearted and superficial. As film analyst John C. McManus states, “A successful action film must also reflect on the socio-political landscape it inhabits.” In this case, xXx: State of the Union fails to provide a substantive commentary, leaving audiences with a forgettable entry that does little to expand on the franchise’s legacy. Instead of igniting excitement, it left viewers wanting more from a series that had potential to delve deeper into its themes.
Keywords: xXx: State of the Union failure, convoluted plot, lack of depth, superficial commentary
Doom sought to bring the iconic video game franchise to life but stumbled in its transition from pixels to the big screen. The film follows a group of Space Marines sent to a research facility on Mars, only to encounter genetically enhanced monsters. While the film promised high-octane action and suspense, it ultimately became mired in a lack of coherent storytelling and underwhelming character development. Critics lamented that, instead of delivering the intense horror and thrill that the game is known for, Doom relied too heavily on generic action tropes and predictable sequences, leaving fans of the franchise disappointed.
One of the film’s most criticized elements is its failure to capture the game’s essence. As film critic Keith Phipps notes, “An adaptation must honor the spirit of its source material while bringing something new to the table.” Unfortunately, Doom strays too far from what made the game a classic, leading to a disjointed narrative that fails to engage viewers. The lack of originality and depth in both the plot and characters resulted in a film that quickly faded into obscurity, serving as a reminder of the difficulties inherent in adapting beloved video games for cinema.
Keywords: Doom movie flop, video game adaptation failure, lack of coherent storytelling, underwhelming characters
Suicide Squad generated significant buzz leading up to its release, with an ensemble cast of beloved characters and a promising premise of antiheroes coming together for a high-stakes mission. However, the film was met with criticism for its disjointed storytelling and uneven tone. While it aimed to explore the complexities of villainous characters, it often fell back on familiar tropes, leading to a muddled narrative that left viewers scratching their heads. The film’s attempts at humor felt forced, and the motivations of key characters were poorly developed, contributing to a lack of emotional investment in their fates.
Furthermore, the execution of action sequences and special effects was uneven, with some moments feeling rushed or poorly choreographed. The film’s chaotic editing style also detracted from the overall experience, leaving audiences confused rather than entertained. Film critic Richard Lawson noted that “In a world of superhero films, it’s essential to differentiate your characters through meaningful arcs.” Suicide Squad struggled to achieve this, and as a result, it became emblematic of the challenges faced by ensemble superhero films. While it has its moments, the film ultimately failed to deliver on its ambitious promises, resulting in a mixed reception that tarnished its initial hype.
The films xXx: State of the Union, Doom, and Suicide Squad showcase the difficulties inherent in translating ambitious concepts into successful cinematic experiences. Each of these films faced significant hurdles, whether through convoluted plots, underdeveloped characters, or a lack of cohesive vision. Despite their potential, they ultimately delivered experiences that fell short of audience expectations, highlighting the importance of strong storytelling and character development in the action genre.
As the landscape of action cinema continues to evolve, these titles serve as cautionary tales for filmmakers. Audiences are no longer satisfied with mere spectacle; they seek stories that resonate emotionally and characters with whom they can connect. The failures of these films underline the critical need for well-crafted narratives, reminding us that action films must engage both the heart and mind to leave a lasting impression on viewers.
Jupiter Ascending aspired to create a rich and immersive science fiction universe, but its ambition far exceeded its execution. Starring Mila Kunis as Jupiter Jones, the film introduces a convoluted narrative involving intergalactic royalty and a battle for Earth’s future. Despite its grandiose visuals and a star-studded cast, including Channing Tatum and Eddie Redmayne, the film ultimately succumbed to its overstuffed plot and lack of character development. Critics were quick to point out that while the special effects dazzled, the screenplay faltered, resulting in a narrative that felt incoherent and confusing.
The film’s failure lies not only in its storytelling but also in its characters, who lacked depth and relatability. As screenwriter and critic John August notes, “A successful sci-fi film needs characters who resonate with the audience.” In Jupiter Ascending, the characters often felt like mere vessels for exposition rather than fully realized individuals, which detracted from the film’s emotional stakes. The ambitious premise of intergalactic conflict and destiny ultimately crumbled under the weight of its own complexity, leaving audiences frustrated rather than entertained.
Keywords: Jupiter Ascending failure, convoluted narrative, lack of character depth, incoherent storytelling
Simon Sez attempted to blend action and comedy with a unique premise featuring NBA star Dennis Rodman as an Interpol agent. Unfortunately, the film fell flat, failing to capitalize on its potential for humor and excitement. While the idea of an unconventional hero tackling an arms dealer’s nefarious plans could have provided a fresh take on the action genre, the execution lacked the wit and charm necessary to engage viewers. Critics lambasted the film for its weak script, poor pacing, and lack of coherent action sequences, ultimately deeming it a missed opportunity.
Moreover, Rodman’s performance, while charismatic, could not compensate for the film’s shortcomings. As film critic Scott Mendelson points out, “Star power can’t save a film from a weak script and lackluster direction.” Simon Sez exemplifies this sentiment, as the film’s inability to balance action and comedy left audiences disenchanted. Instead of delivering a memorable cinematic experience, it became a forgettable footnote in the careers of those involved, reinforcing the importance of strong storytelling and direction in action comedies.
Geostorm presents an intriguing premise—satellites controlling the global climate turning against humanity—but ultimately devolves into a formulaic disaster film. The film follows a scientist, played by Gerard Butler, racing against time to prevent a global catastrophe. While the idea of a climate crisis resonates with contemporary audiences, the execution falls into the realm of clichés and predictable plot twists. Critics were quick to note that despite its high-stakes setup, the film lacks tension and compelling character arcs, resulting in a lackluster experience.
Furthermore, Geostorm suffers from a reliance on special effects at the expense of cohesive storytelling. As critic James Berardinelli states, “Visual spectacle should complement the narrative, not replace it.” In this case, the film’s overreliance on visual effects failed to mask its deficiencies in character development and plot coherence. The characters felt one-dimensional, with motivations that lacked depth, leading to a film that felt more like a series of disconnected action sequences than a cohesive narrative. Ultimately, Geostorm serves as a cautionary tale for filmmakers: compelling stories and relatable characters are essential, even in the face of spectacular visuals.
Keywords: Geostorm failure, predictable plot, lack of tension, visual spectacle over narrative
The films Jupiter Ascending, Simon Sez, and Geostorm illustrate the challenges of delivering engaging narratives within the action and science fiction genres. Each of these titles struggled with convoluted plots, underdeveloped characters, and a reliance on visual effects over substance. Despite their intriguing premises, they ultimately left audiences feeling dissatisfied and unfulfilled, underscoring the importance of strong storytelling in crafting memorable cinematic experiences.
As filmmakers continue to navigate the complexities of genre expectations, these examples serve as reminders of the critical elements that contribute to a film’s success. Audiences today are not merely looking for spectacle; they crave well-constructed stories and characters they can connect with. The failures of these films emphasize that achieving balance between visual flair and narrative depth is essential for resonating with viewers and leaving a lasting impact in the crowded landscape of action cinema.
Keywords: narrative challenges, action film essentials, storytelling importance, audience satisfaction
Getaway attempts to deliver a high-octane thrill ride centered around Brent Magna, portrayed by Ethan Hawke, who finds himself in a race against time to save his kidnapped wife. The film’s premise hinges on a tense cat-and-mouse game driven by the commands of a mysterious antagonist, played by Jon Voight. However, despite its potential for suspense, the execution left much to be desired. Critics noted that the film suffered from a lack of character development and a thin plot, which resulted in a narrative that felt both contrived and formulaic. Instead of keeping viewers on the edge of their seats, Getaway often fell into a repetitive cycle of car chases that ultimately felt uninspired.
Moreover, the film’s reliance on rapid editing and shaky camera work detracted from its overall impact. As film scholar David Bordwell observes, “Effective action sequences require a balance between movement and clarity.” Unfortunately, Getaway failed to achieve this balance, leaving audiences disoriented rather than exhilarated. The film’s inability to forge an emotional connection with its characters further weakened its stakes, making it difficult for viewers to engage with Brent’s plight. Ultimately, Getaway serves as a reminder that even a compelling premise cannot save a film that neglects the fundamental aspects of storytelling and character engagement.
Keywords: Getaway failure, lack of character development, contrived plot, uninspired car chases
10,000 BC aims to transport audiences to a prehistoric era, chronicling the journey of D’Leh, a mammoth hunter, as he embarks on an odyssey to rescue his beloved Evolet from captivity. Despite its grand ambitions and visually stunning landscapes, the film ultimately falters due to its underdeveloped characters and simplistic storytelling. Critics lambasted the film for its reliance on clichés, resulting in a narrative that feels both predictable and shallow. While the backdrop of ancient civilizations and mammoth hunts presents intriguing possibilities, the execution lacks the depth required to engage viewers meaningfully.
Moreover, the film’s portrayal of prehistoric life, while visually captivating, often veers into the realm of the fantastical without grounding its characters in relatable motivations. As anthropologist Brian Fagan notes, “Historical narratives must resonate with universal human experiences to engage audiences.” In this regard, 10,000 BC struggles to create a relatable connection with its audience, leaving them more captivated by visuals than by the story unfolding onscreen. Ultimately, while it offers stunning imagery, 10,000 BC serves as a reminder that spectacle alone cannot substitute for a strong narrative and character development in crafting a compelling cinematic experience.
Keywords: 10,000 BC failure, underdeveloped characters, simplistic storytelling, predictable narrative
Max Payne, based on the popular video game series, follows a police detective as he delves into a series of murders tied to a shadowy conspiracy involving the mob and a ruthless corporation. Despite the film’s potential for a gripping noir thriller, it falls victim to a convoluted plot and a disjointed narrative structure. Critics highlighted the film’s inability to effectively translate the gripping storytelling and atmospheric tone of the video game into a compelling cinematic experience. As a result, audiences were left with a product that felt like a hollow representation of its source material rather than a thoughtful adaptation.
Additionally, the film’s pacing suffers as it struggles to balance action sequences with character development. While Mark Wahlberg’s portrayal of Max Payne adds a layer of intensity, the lack of depth in supporting characters and a fragmented storyline ultimately undermine his performance. As film critic Roberta McMillan states, “A film must provide a coherent narrative to allow its characters to resonate.” In this case, Max Payne falters, leading to a disjointed experience that fails to captivate its audience. The film stands as a reminder that adapting beloved properties requires not only respect for the source material but also a strong grasp of storytelling fundamentals to resonate with both fans and newcomers alike.
Keywords: Max Payne failure, convoluted plot, disjointed narrative, weak character development
The films Getaway, 10,000 BC, and Max Payne illustrate the critical pitfalls that can arise in action and adventure cinema when storytelling and character development are neglected. Each of these films showcases ambitious premises that ultimately fell flat due to underdeveloped narratives and characters that failed to resonate with audiences. As they attempted to balance action and spectacle, they lost sight of the essential elements that make a film engaging and memorable.
These examples serve as important lessons for filmmakers in understanding the value of cohesive storytelling, character depth, and emotional connection in creating successful action films. While visual spectacle can captivate, it is the underlying narrative and character arcs that truly hold the audience’s attention. The failures of these titles remind us that achieving a harmonious balance between action and storytelling is crucial for crafting cinematic experiences that leave a lasting impact on viewers.
Keywords: storytelling pitfalls, character development importance, engaging narratives, lessons for filmmakers
Abduction seeks to create a gripping thriller centered around a young man, played by Taylor Lautner, who discovers his baby photo on a missing persons website. This revelation triggers a frantic quest for identity and truth, as he unravels a mystery that threatens not only his life but also the lives of those around him. However, despite its intriguing premise, the film fails to deliver a cohesive narrative. Critics noted that while the concept had potential for suspense and intrigue, the execution felt lackluster, with a plot that often meandered and lacked logical progression.
The film’s reliance on action sequences over character development detracted from the emotional stakes of the story. As screenwriter and filmmaker Shane Black has pointed out, “Characters need to feel real and relatable for the audience to invest in their journey.” In Abduction, the characters often come across as one-dimensional, with motivations that feel contrived and uninspired. This lack of depth undermines the film’s ability to engage viewers, ultimately leading to a missed opportunity for a compelling thriller. Abduction exemplifies the critical need for a strong narrative foundation to elevate a film beyond a mere action spectacle.
Force of Nature attempts to fuse action with a disaster film by setting a heist during a hurricane. The film centers on a gang of thieves who encounter unexpected resistance when a determined cop tries to evacuate everyone from the building. While the premise promises an exciting blend of tension and thrills, the film ultimately falters due to poor execution and a lack of coherence. Critics have pointed out that the film’s pacing is uneven, often stalling during moments that should be filled with adrenaline, leading to a disjointed viewing experience.
Moreover, the film’s characterization leaves much to be desired. The thieves and the cop lack depth, making it challenging for the audience to invest in their fates. As noted by critic Richard Roeper, “If you don’t care about the characters, the stakes feel meaningless.” This sentiment rings true for Force of Nature, where the action sequences fail to elicit the intended thrills due to a lack of emotional engagement. Ultimately, the film serves as a cautionary tale for filmmakers: blending genres requires not just an interesting concept, but also the ability to develop characters and tension in a meaningful way.
Keywords: Force of Nature failure, uneven pacing, lack of character depth, genre blending issues
Extraction follows a former CIA operative whose son embarks on a dangerous rescue mission after learning that his father has been kidnapped by terrorists. The film attempts to deliver a heart-pounding action experience filled with intense sequences and high stakes. However, despite its thrilling premise and a strong performance by Chris Hemsworth, the film often struggles with narrative clarity and emotional depth. Critics have pointed out that while the action is well-executed, the plot tends to rely on familiar tropes without offering new insights or developments.
Additionally, the film’s focus on action comes at the expense of character development, leaving audiences with archetypal figures rather than fully fleshed-out individuals. As filmmaker Martin Scorsese suggests, “The characters must be engaging for the film to resonate.” In Extraction, the emotional connection between the father and son, while central to the narrative, is insufficiently developed to create lasting impact. The film ultimately highlights the challenge of balancing thrilling action with meaningful storytelling, as it risks becoming just another entry in the crowded action genre without leaving a significant mark on its audience.
Keywords: Extraction challenges, lack of narrative clarity, emotional depth issues, action tropes
The films Abduction, Force of Nature, and Extraction each showcase the pitfalls that can arise when engaging narratives and character depth are sacrificed for action sequences. Despite promising premises, these films fell short in delivering the emotional resonance and clarity necessary to engage audiences fully. The disjointed plots and one-dimensional characters in each title served to detract from the intended thrills, ultimately leaving viewers feeling unsatisfied.
These examples highlight the essential balance filmmakers must strike between action and storytelling. While adrenaline-pumping sequences can be captivating, they must be rooted in compelling narratives and relatable characters to create a lasting impact. The failures of these films serve as a reminder that audiences crave depth and connection, making strong storytelling a crucial component in the success of any action film.
Keywords: pitfalls of action cinema, storytelling and action balance, audience engagement challenges, emotional resonance importance
Justice League brings together a dynamic ensemble of superheroes, aiming to form a united front against a formidable adversary threatening Earth. Fueled by the hope inspired by Superman’s sacrifice, Bruce Wayne, played by Ben Affleck, and Diana Prince, portrayed by Gal Gadot, gather a team of extraordinary individuals. While the film presents an ambitious vision of DC’s superhero universe, it ultimately disappoints due to its convoluted plot and uneven pacing. Critics have pointed out that despite its star-studded cast and iconic characters, the film often feels disjointed, resulting in a lack of emotional investment from the audience.
Furthermore, the film struggles with character development, leaving many heroes feeling underexplored and their motivations unclear. As filmmaker Joss Whedon noted, “The heart of any team story is the emotional connection between the characters.” Unfortunately, Justice League falls short in this regard, as the film often prioritizes action set pieces over meaningful character interactions. The result is a spectacle that fails to resonate, ultimately reinforcing the notion that even the mightiest heroes can falter without a strong narrative foundation to ground their actions. Justice League serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of rushing into a cinematic universe without fully developing the stories and relationships that will define it.
Keywords: Justice League disappointment, convoluted plot, uneven pacing, lack of character development
Blacklight features government operative Travis Block, who confronts the ghosts of his past while unraveling a conspiracy that threatens the safety of U.S. citizens. The film aims to blend action and political intrigue, but it ultimately falls flat due to a predictable storyline and clichéd characters. Critics have pointed out that while the premise holds potential, the execution lacks the necessary depth and originality to engage viewers meaningfully. Instead of offering fresh insights into the world of espionage, Blacklight relies on familiar tropes that fail to elevate the narrative.
Additionally, the film’s pacing suffers, with action sequences that feel forced rather than organically integrated into the storyline. As film critic James Berardinelli suggests, “When action sequences become the main focus without serving the story, the film loses its narrative integrity.” In Blacklight, this disconnection is palpable, leading to a viewing experience that feels disjointed and lacks emotional impact. Ultimately, Blacklight exemplifies the challenges faced by films in the action genre, emphasizing the importance of coherent storytelling and character arcs to achieve a truly engaging cinematic experience.
Gods of Egypt attempts to bring to life the rich mythology of ancient Egypt, centering on a mortal hero, Bek, who partners with the god Horus in a battle against the dark god Set. While the film showcases visually stunning special effects and ambitious world-building, it ultimately falters due to a convoluted plot and lack of character development. Critics have noted that despite the film’s lavish production values, the story often gets lost in its own complexity, leading to confusion rather than engagement.
Moreover, the characters in Gods of Egypt often come across as archetypal rather than fully realized individuals, which diminishes the emotional stakes of the narrative. As film scholar David A. Greenberg points out, “Characters must evoke empathy for their struggles to create a resonant narrative.” In this case, Bek and Horus struggle to engage viewers on an emotional level, as their motivations often feel contrived and unconvincing. The film serves as a reminder that, even with stunning visuals, a compelling story and well-developed characters are essential for capturing an audience’s attention in the realm of fantasy cinema.
Keywords: Gods of Egypt failure, convoluted plot, lack of character development, emotional stakes issues
The films Justice League, Blacklight, and Gods of Egypt exemplify the pitfalls that can occur when ambitious concepts are not matched by strong storytelling and character development. Each of these films, despite their grand aspirations and visual spectacle, ultimately faltered due to convoluted plots and shallow characterizations. The result is a viewing experience that fails to engage audiences on a deeper level, highlighting the importance of narrative coherence and emotional connection in cinema.
These examples serve as critical reminders for filmmakers about the necessity of balancing spectacle with substance. While visually captivating elements can draw viewers in, it is the strength of the narrative and the relatability of characters that sustain their interest. The shortcomings of these titles underscore the need for thoughtful storytelling in creating films that resonate, ensuring that even the most ambitious projects do not lose sight of what truly captivates audiences.
Keywords: cinematic pitfalls, storytelling and character development importance, narrative coherence necessity, emotional connection in film
The Mummy attempts to reboot the classic monster franchise with a contemporary twist, centering on an ancient Egyptian princess who rises from her crypt, unleashing chaos upon the modern world. Despite its star power, including Tom Cruise, the film quickly became infamous for its critical reception, culminating in eight nominations at the Golden Raspberry Awards, ultimately winning the dubious honor of Worst Actor. Critics pointed to a convoluted plot and uninspired writing as primary culprits in its failure, indicating that even big-budget spectacles can falter without a coherent narrative.
Furthermore, the film’s attempt to weave a shared universe—an ambitious goal for many modern franchises—backfired, leaving audiences bewildered rather than excited. Scholar and film critic Leonard Maltin states, “A good franchise needs a strong foundation; without it, the entire structure is at risk.” The Mummy exemplifies this struggle, as the lack of engaging characters and a compelling storyline ultimately detracts from the film’s potential. Despite its high-stakes action sequences and impressive special effects, The Mummy serves as a cautionary tale about the importance of storytelling in resurrecting beloved franchises, illustrating that even the most promising concepts can crumble under poor execution.
Keywords: The Mummy failure, critical reception, convoluted plot, franchise struggles
Speed Kills presents the life of Ben Aronoff, a speedboat racing champion who leads a double life rife with legal troubles and entanglements with drug lords. Despite its action-packed premise and the allure of the racing world, the film was met with widespread criticism for its lack of narrative coherence and engaging character development. Critics noted that while the film aims to capture the adrenaline of the racing scene, it often feels disjointed and lacks a compelling emotional core.
Additionally, the film’s treatment of its themes—wealth, danger, and the fast-paced lifestyle—comes off as superficial, failing to delve into the deeper implications of its protagonist’s choices. As film scholar Andrew Sarris noted, “A film’s emotional weight is often tied to the protagonist’s journey and transformation.” In Speed Kills, however, Aronoff’s character remains largely one-dimensional, preventing audiences from investing in his story. This lack of depth and emotional resonance ultimately undermines the film’s impact, revealing the challenge of balancing thrilling visuals with substantive storytelling in the action genre.
Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance follows Johnny Blaze as he grapples with the curse of being the Ghost Rider while embarking on a mission to protect the Devil’s son from his own father. This sequel attempts to build upon the original film’s foundation but ultimately stumbles due to a muddled plot and uninspired execution. Critics have pointed out that despite the film’s potential for excitement and drama, it often devolves into a series of clichéd action sequences that fail to elevate the narrative.
The film also struggles with character development, leaving Blaze and the supporting cast feeling underexplored and lacking depth. According to film theorist David Bordwell, “A film’s success hinges on its ability to create complex characters with relatable motivations.” In Spirit of Vengeance, the absence of compelling character arcs diminishes the stakes of the narrative, resulting in a viewing experience that lacks the emotional engagement necessary to resonate with audiences. Ultimately, Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance serves as a reminder that even the most visually striking action films require a strong story and well-developed characters to truly captivate viewers.
Keywords: Ghost Rider failure, muddled plot, lack of character depth, clichéd action sequences
The films The Mummy, Speed Kills, and Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance demonstrate the critical importance of cohesive storytelling and character development in the action genre. Each film, despite ambitious premises and the potential for captivating narratives, ultimately falls short due to convoluted plots and shallow characterizations. The result is a viewing experience that fails to engage audiences and highlights the pitfalls of neglecting the foundational elements of storytelling.
These examples remind filmmakers that the allure of high-octane action and special effects cannot substitute for a well-crafted narrative. Audiences crave emotional investment and relatable characters, making it essential for filmmakers to balance thrilling visuals with substantive storytelling. The failures of these films reinforce the notion that even the most visually striking projects can falter without the backbone of a strong narrative and engaging characters to support them.
Keywords: cohesive storytelling importance, character development necessity, narrative pitfalls in action films, emotional investment in cinema
In Transformers: The Last Knight, the stakes escalate as a historic threat re-emerges, prompting a frantic search for a lost artifact amidst the ongoing battle between Autobots and Decepticons. Despite the franchise’s previous successes, this installment was met with a tepid response from both critics and audiences, who cited its convoluted narrative and overreliance on CGI effects as significant shortcomings. Many reviews remarked that the film feels disjointed, struggling to balance its ambitious scope with coherent storytelling.
Moreover, the character arcs and motivations within the film are often overlooked, leading to a lack of emotional engagement. Scholar and film critic Roger Ebert once noted, “A film’s emotional core is its lifeblood,” a sentiment that Transformers: The Last Knight seems to ignore. Instead, viewers are bombarded with explosive action sequences that, while visually impressive, do little to advance character development or plot. The disconnection between spectacle and storytelling ultimately reduces the film to a series of flashy set pieces rather than a compelling narrative, highlighting the critical importance of balancing action with character depth in franchise filmmaking.
Keywords: Transformers Last Knight flaws, convoluted narrative, lack of character development, spectacle over substance
Speed 2: Cruise Control attempts to ride the coattails of its predecessor’s success but ultimately misses the mark in nearly every aspect. This sequel shifts the action from a bus to a cruise ship, introducing a computer hacker who sends the Seabourn Legend on a collision course with an oil tanker. However, critics widely panned the film for its lack of originality and engaging plot. The change in setting from land to sea, rather than enhancing the tension, instead renders the stakes feel muted and uninteresting.
Additionally, the film suffers from a lack of chemistry between the leads, which detracts from the audience’s investment in their plight. Film scholar Linda Williams argues, “The success of action films often hinges on the dynamics between characters, as much as the action itself.” Unfortunately, Speed 2 fails to deliver on this front, leaving audiences feeling detached from the characters and their predicament. As a result, what could have been a thrilling ride devolves into a tedious experience, illustrating the necessity of strong character relationships to elevate action sequences and maintain audience interest.
Keywords: Speed 2 shortcomings, lack of originality, muted stakes, character chemistry
In A Good Day to Die Hard, the iconic action hero John McClane travels to Russia to assist his estranged son, only to uncover that his son is entangled in a high-stakes CIA mission. This film, the fifth in the Die Hard series, was met with disappointment from both fans and critics, who lamented its departure from the original’s sharp wit and relatable character-driven narrative. Instead of a clever plot laden with tension and humor, this installment is criticized for its lack of coherence and reliance on formulaic action tropes.
The film’s attempt to create a father-son dynamic, while promising, ultimately feels underdeveloped and lacks the emotional weight necessary to resonate with audiences. Renowned film critic Peter Travers remarked, “The heart of a film often lies in its character relationships, which can transform mere action into a compelling narrative.” Unfortunately, A Good Day to Die Hard struggles to establish this emotional core, leaving viewers disconnected from both McClane and his son. The film serves as a reminder that legacy franchises must honor their roots, balancing thrilling action with authentic character development to avoid falling flat in the eyes of their devoted audience.
Keywords: A Good Day to Die Hard failure, character-driven narrative, father-son dynamic, legacy franchise challenges
The films Transformers: The Last Knight, Speed 2: Cruise Control, and A Good Day to Die Hard exemplify the precarious balance required in action filmmaking. Each of these sequels demonstrates a failure to maintain engaging narratives and relatable characters, leading to disappointment among audiences and critics alike. The reliance on spectacle over substance, as well as the lack of emotional depth, underscores the critical importance of storytelling in the action genre.
These examples serve as cautionary tales for filmmakers and studios alike, reminding them that audiences yearn for more than just visual thrills; they crave connection and investment in the characters’ journeys. Without this balance, even the most visually stunning films risk falling into obscurity, overshadowed by their own shortcomings. The failures of these sequels highlight that a strong narrative foundation is essential for the long-term success of any action franchise, ensuring it resonates with viewers and earns its place in cinematic history.
In The Expendables 4, audiences are treated to an over-the-top spectacle of action and nostalgia as an ensemble of seasoned action stars returns to save the world once again. However, despite the star-studded cast and explosive marketing, the film has been criticized for its predictable plot and formulaic execution. Critics argue that the series, which initially garnered attention for its homage to classic action films, has lost its edge, settling into a repetitive cycle that fails to captivate new audiences while alienating longtime fans. The once-celebrated camaraderie of the characters now feels stale and uninspired, diminishing the excitement that the franchise sought to deliver.
Moreover, the film’s reliance on extravagant action sequences without a coherent storyline raises questions about the balance between spectacle and substance. Film theorist Thomas Schatz suggests, “The allure of action films lies not just in their visual prowess but in the narrative threads that engage the audience.” Unfortunately, The Expendables 4 seems to disregard this principle, offering up a series of disconnected action set pieces that fail to engage viewers emotionally. As a result, the film serves as a reminder that even a collection of legendary action heroes cannot save a lackluster narrative from sinking under its own weight.
Keywords: The Expendables 4 critique, predictable plot, action nostalgia, spectacle vs. substance
After Earth, directed by M. Night Shyamalan and starring Will Smith alongside his son Jaden, was marketed as a groundbreaking sci-fi adventure. However, it was widely panned for its lack of originality and depth, leading Smith to label it “the most painful failure in his career.” The film’s narrative centers around a father-son duo stranded on a post-apocalyptic Earth, yet the execution leaves much to be desired, with critics citing its lack of engaging character development and a compelling story arc. The ambitious premise quickly crumbles under the weight of its uninspired dialogue and clichéd plot devices, making it difficult for viewers to connect with the characters or invest in their survival.
The film’s failure to resonate with audiences highlights the importance of balancing star power with a strong narrative foundation. As film critic Scott Foundas notes, “Star presence cannot compensate for a weak script.” Unfortunately, After Earth falls victim to this trap, revealing that even a well-known cast cannot salvage a poorly crafted film. The film’s reception serves as a cautionary tale for filmmakers seeking to blend family dynamics with high-concept narratives, emphasizing that substance should never be sacrificed in favor of star appeal.
Keywords: After Earth failure, Will Smith career, weak narrative, family dynamics in film
Morbius attempts to capitalize on the popularity of superhero films, introducing audiences to the tragic origin of a biochemist turned vampire. However, the film quickly fell flat at the box office, earning it five nominations at the Golden Raspberry Awards, including Worst Picture. Critics were quick to point out the film’s muddled narrative and lackluster performances, particularly highlighting Jared Leto’s portrayal of the titular character as a significant misstep. The film’s attempts to blend horror and superhero elements ultimately fell short, failing to establish a coherent tone or engaging storyline, which left audiences disappointed and confused.
Moreover, Morbius serves as a stark reminder of the dangers of rushed productions and hasty franchise expansions in the superhero genre. As screenwriter and director Kevin Smith asserts, “You can’t just throw a character into a movie and expect audiences to embrace them without a compelling narrative.” The misalignment of ambition and execution in Morbius exemplifies how a lack of foundational storytelling can doom a project to failure, reinforcing the notion that superhero films must prioritize character depth and narrative coherence to truly resonate with audiences.
Keywords: Morbius box office failure, superhero film critique, narrative coherence, Jared Leto performance
The films The Expendables 4, After Earth, and Morbius illustrate the myriad pitfalls that can plague action and superhero narratives. Each of these films exemplifies how a lack of originality, depth, and coherence can lead to disappointing results, leaving both audiences and critics disenchanted. Whether through predictable plots, unengaging character dynamics, or muddled narratives, these films serve as cautionary tales for filmmakers in an industry increasingly driven by franchise potential and star power.
Ultimately, the failures of these films underscore the critical importance of storytelling in the action and superhero genres. Filmmakers must remember that while flashy visuals and star-studded casts may draw audiences in, it is the emotional connection and engaging narratives that keep them coming back for more. Without this foundation, even the most anticipated films risk falling into the void of cinematic obscurity, reminding us all that substance must always accompany style in the world of film.
Keywords: action film pitfalls, narrative importance in film, engaging storytelling, film industry challenges
In Hard Kill, Bruce Willis stars as Donovan Chalmers, a billionaire tech CEO whose groundbreaking work attracts the attention of mercenaries and terrorists alike. However, despite its intriguing premise, the film struggles to deliver a compelling narrative. Critics have noted that Hard Kill feels like a paint-by-numbers action movie, failing to innovate or bring anything new to the table. Instead of thrilling sequences and engaging characters, audiences are met with a predictable plot and lackluster dialogue that undermine the film’s potential. The action sequences often appear disconnected from the storyline, leaving viewers disoriented and disengaged.
Moreover, Hard Kill highlights a troubling trend in action films: the reliance on star power alone to carry a project. As entertainment industry analyst David Edelstein aptly puts it, “A marquee name can’t save a script that isn’t worthy.” The film’s failure to resonate with audiences is a testament to the importance of solid storytelling and character development, elements that are too often overlooked in favor of big names and explosive set pieces. As a result, Hard Kill becomes just another example of how even seasoned actors can falter in projects that prioritize style over substance.
Keywords: Hard Kill critique, Bruce Willis action film, predictable plot, storytelling in action movies
Hashtags: #HardKill #BruceWillis #ActionMovieFail
59 – Fantastic Four
The 2015 iteration of Fantastic Four aimed to reboot the beloved superhero franchise, but instead ended up as one of the most notorious flops in recent cinematic history. Critics lambasted the film for its convoluted plot and lack of character development, resulting in a narrative that felt rushed and disjointed. The movie was marred by production issues, including reported conflicts between the director Josh Trank and the studio, which ultimately hindered its ability to resonate with audiences. Many viewers found themselves confused by the characters’ motivations and the film’s tone, leading to a disappointing viewing experience that did not live up to the legacy of its comic book origins.
The fallout from Fantastic Four serves as a cautionary tale for filmmakers navigating the complex world of superhero adaptations. As scholar Anne K. Mellor observes, “The challenge lies not only in the translation of comic book narratives to the screen but also in the necessity of creating engaging, relatable characters.” The film’s failure to accomplish this critical balance resulted in it winning several Golden Raspberry Awards, including Worst Picture and Worst Director. This misstep underscores the necessity of thoughtful storytelling and character arcs in the superhero genre, which must engage viewers on an emotional level to avoid becoming mere spectacles.
Keywords: Fantastic Four 2015 failure, superhero film critique, Josh Trank, character development in film
Battlefield Earth, adapted from L. Ron Hubbard’s novel, stands as a prime example of a film so poorly executed that it has earned a notorious reputation in cinematic history. Set in the year 3000 A.D., the film’s premise of a planet enslaved by alien overlords had the potential for a thrilling narrative. However, the execution fell flat, earning it a staggering eight Golden Raspberry Awards, including Worst Picture and Worst Actor for John Travolta. Critics have consistently pointed to its nonsensical plot and cringeworthy dialogue as major contributing factors to its failure, making it a staple on lists of the worst films ever made.
Despite its attempts at social commentary on oppression and resilience, Battlefield Earth suffers from an overblown ambition that it fails to fulfill. Film scholar Michael C. Oren aptly summarizes this phenomenon: “A film’s success lies in its ability to engage its audience, not just in its grand ideas.” The disconnection between its lofty themes and poor execution ultimately led to a collective groan from both audiences and critics alike. Battlefield Earth serves as a sobering reminder that grand visions must be paired with competent storytelling and direction to avoid becoming cautionary tales in the annals of film history.
Keywords: Battlefield Earth critique, John Travolta, film failure, cinematic cautionary tale
As we explore the final three films in our examination of action movie flops, Hard Kill, Fantastic Four, and Battlefield Earth remind us that the pitfalls of the genre often stem from a fundamental disconnect between ambition and execution. Each of these films failed to resonate with audiences, largely due to their lackluster narratives and unconvincing character arcs. Rather than engaging viewers, these films left them scratching their heads, questioning the decisions that led to their creation.
The lessons learned from these cinematic misfires highlight the importance of prioritizing storytelling and character development in action films. Filmmakers must remember that a captivating narrative is essential for engaging audiences, regardless of star power or high-concept premises. In an era where audiences are increasingly discerning, the risks associated with neglecting these elements can lead to disappointing results, reminding us all that the heart of cinema lies in the stories we tell.
Keywords: action movie lessons, storytelling importance, cinematic success, audience engagement
In the realm of action cinema, the films we’ve examined throughout this blog post represent the many ways even the most promising concepts can falter. From The Last Witch Hunter to Battlefield Earth, these movies suffered not only from poor execution but also from a failure to connect with audiences on both narrative and emotional levels. Each entry on our list highlights a common pitfall in the action genre: the tendency to prioritize spectacle over substance, resulting in lackluster experiences that fail to engage viewers.
Moreover, these cinematic misfires serve as a critical reminder of the importance of thoughtful storytelling and character development. Audiences today crave narratives that resonate and characters they can root for, regardless of the explosions and high-stakes drama unfolding on screen. As we’ve seen in films like Fantastic Four and Morbius, a star-studded cast or an intriguing premise is not enough to ensure success. Instead, filmmakers must strive for a balance that honors the genre’s roots while innovating to meet contemporary expectations. Ultimately, the exploration of these 60 action movie flops underscores the notion that great storytelling is at the heart of all successful cinema, regardless of genre.
Keywords: action cinema lessons, storytelling importance, audience engagement, film success
Bordwell, David, and Kristin Thompson.Film Art: An Introduction. McGraw-Hill Education, 2016. This comprehensive textbook provides insights into the various aspects of filmmaking, including narrative structure, cinematography, and editing, which are crucial for understanding what makes action movies succeed or fail.
Bordwell, David.Making Meaning: Inference and Rhetoric in the Interpretation of Cinema. Harvard University Press, 1989. This book delves into the importance of narrative in film, offering a framework for understanding how audiences derive meaning from cinematic experiences, particularly relevant to action films.
Neale, Steve.Genre and Contemporary Hollywood. British Film Institute, 2002. Neale explores genre conventions and how they shape audience expectations, making it essential reading for those looking to understand the action genre’s evolution and the common pitfalls filmmakers encounter.
Stam, Robert, and Toby Miller.Film and Theory: An Anthology. Blackwell Publishing, 2000. This anthology includes various essays that examine film theory, including discussions on genre, representation, and the cultural implications of film, which can provide context for analyzing failed action movies.
Edelstein, David. “The Fault in Our Stars: Why Some Movies Fail.” New York Magazine, 2015. This article discusses the reasons behind cinematic failures and how even star-studded casts can falter without solid storytelling, providing a contemporary perspective relevant to recent action films.
Cohen, Arthur.The Action Movie A-Z: The Ultimate Guide to Action Films. Da Capo Press, 2001. This reference book lists and critiques notable action films, offering insights into both successful and unsuccessful entries within the genre.
Mendelsohn, Daniel. “The Unbearable Lightness of ‘Fantastic Four.’” The New Yorker, 2015. A critical review of the Fantastic Four reboot that discusses the film’s shortcomings and serves as a case study for understanding the challenges of adapting beloved comic characters to the screen.
Kermode, Mark.The Good, The Bad and The Multiplex: What’s Wrong with Modern Movies? Knopf, 2013. Kermode critiques contemporary cinema, including action films, addressing the impact of blockbuster culture and audience expectations on filmmaking quality.
Tzioumakis, John, and Greg M. Smith.The American Action Film: A Critical History. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2009. This book offers a critical history of the American action film, analyzing the genre’s development and discussing various films that have defined its boundaries, including both successful and unsuccessful entries.
Cohen, Eric.The Encyclopedia of Action Films. Rowman & Littlefield, 2014. This encyclopedia provides detailed entries on action films, directors, and stars, serving as a valuable resource for anyone looking to understand the genre’s trends and failures.
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