Category: Saudi Arabia

This source is a daily newspaper from Saudi Arabia, Al Riyadh, published on Monday, June 23, 2025, as Issue No. 20801. It features various articles covering a range of topics, including Saudi Arabian domestic affairs, such as economic development under Vision 2030, healthcare initiatives, tourism growth, and cultural events. The newspaper also reports on international relations, focusing on the Israeli-Iranian conflict and its regional implications, as well as global discussions on defense spending. Sports news, particularly football, is also highlighted.

Saudi Arabia’s Record-Breaking Tourism Transformation in 2024

Saudi Arabia’s tourism sector has experienced unprecedented qualitative transformation during 2024, solidifying the Kingdom’s position as a prominent global and regional tourist destination. This growth is a continuation of the momentum achieved in previous years but is particularly distinguished by reaching record-breaking levels.

Key figures and achievements in 2024 include:

• Total Tourists: The total number of tourists, encompassing both international arrivals and domestic citizens and residents, reached 115.9 million. Another source specifies this as 116 million tourists.
• Total Tourist Spending: Overall tourism expenditure from both domestic and international visitors amounted to approximately 284 billion Saudi Riyals, marking an 11% growth compared to 2023.
• International Tourists (Inbound Tourism):The number of inbound tourists (overnight stays) reached 29.7 million in 2024, an 8% increase from 2023. This figure surpasses 2019 levels by over 70%.
• Total spending by international tourists reached 168.5 billion Saudi Riyals (approximately $45 billion), an increase of 19% compared to 2023.
• March 2024 saw the peak of inbound tourism, with 3.2 million international visitors.
• The average international tourist spent approximately 5,669 Riyals per trip and stayed for about 19 nights, contributing significantly to the national tourism economy.
• Egypt was the largest source market for tourists, with 3.2 million visitors. Other significant source markets included Pakistan (2.8 million), Bahrain (2.6 million), and Turkey (0.9 million).
• Hajj and Umrah trips accounted for the largest share of inbound journeys, representing 41% (around 12.3 million trips). Makkah remained the most attractive destination for inbound tourists, hosting approximately 17 million visitor nights in 2024.
• Domestic Tourists (Local Tourism):Domestic tourism also saw significant growth, with 86.2 million overnight trips in 2024, a 5% increase from 2023. This is the highest historical number for domestic tourism, exceeding 2019 levels by about 80%.
• Total spending by domestic tourists reached 115.3 billion Saudi Riyals.
• The peak for domestic tourism was in June (9.6 million trips) and July (7.9 million trips), coinciding with summer vacations and Eid al-Adha.
• Makkah Province (including Makkah, Jeddah, and Taif) was the most popular domestic destination, attracting 27% of all local trips (23.5 million visitors). Riyadh followed with 20%, and the Eastern Province with 16%.

Factors Driving Tourism Growth:

• Vision 2030: The Kingdom’s ambitious Vision 2030 has been a primary driver, with tourism now recognized as a fundamental economic pillar for non-oil growth. The success is attributed to the wise leadership’s directives and support.
• National Strategy and Initiatives: The growth is a direct result of a comprehensive national strategy that included:
• Launching dozens of initiatives and promotional programs across various regions.
• Developing new infrastructure and enhancing the readiness of major international events.
• Simplifying entry and exit procedures and visa issuance for tourists from source countries.
• Diversification of Tourism Offerings: Significant transformations in the quality of tourism, entertainment, cultural, and environmental offerings have attracted a wide range of new visitors. Examples include:
• Exploring diverse geographical and cultural attractions such as the green mountains of Asir, the Red Sea coasts in Tabuk and Umluj, and historical experiences in AlUla and Diriyah.
• Domestic Awareness: Increased community awareness of the importance of exploring internal destinations and improved service levels have fostered family tourism.

Future Outlook and Strategic Goals:

• The annual statistical report serves as a faithful mirror of the tourism sector’s reality in the Kingdom, providing accurate indicators that reflect the interaction between the state’s vision and the global tourism market’s response.
• This strong performance reinforces investor confidence in the continued tourism momentum in the coming years.
• The Kingdom aims to be a global tourism destination known for its unique attributes and diverse offerings.
• The Ministry of Tourism encourages investors and interested parties to review the full annual statistical report for 2024 on its official website.
• Initiatives such as the “Saudi Hospitality Journey” project, recently launched by “Elaf” group, are building a unique hospitality model rooted in Saudi culture, combining local taste with global quality standards. This project aims to establish a clear “Saudi Hospitality Identity” globally, serving as a soft power to introduce the world to the deep cultural and civilizational heritage of the Kingdom.

Overall, the sources indicate that Saudi Arabia is actively pursuing and achieving significant growth in its tourism sector, driven by strategic initiatives and a focus on both international and domestic markets.

Middle East Turmoil: De-escalation and Diplomacy Urged

The regional landscape is currently marked by significant instability and escalating tensions, primarily fueled by the direct military confrontations between Israel and Iran. This volatile situation is perceived as a “dangerous escalation” that could have “catastrophic repercussions” for both regional and international peace and security.

Several factors are identified as driving this regional instability:

• Direct Military Action: The recent targeting of Iranian nuclear facilities by the United States and Israel, met with retaliatory missile strikes from Iran, represents a crucial shift from proxy conflicts to direct military engagement, dramatically intensifying the crisis.
• Strategic Ambitions and Global Repercussions: The conflict is seen as more than just a dispute over Iran’s nuclear program; it is deeply intertwined with broader geopolitical struggles to reshape the global order. Indications suggest the US is involved in the Israeli strikes, providing advanced interception systems and logistical/informational support, raising questions about whether this escalation aims to counter China’s expansion and Russia’s influence in the Middle East. This conflict impacts global markets, leading to increased oil prices, shipping costs, and insurance premiums.
• Miscalculations and Attrition: Analyses suggest that both Israel and Iran are engaging in this conflict based on miscalculations, leading to a mutually draining military and economic attrition. The use of expensive interception systems by Israel, and Iran’s reliance on lower-cost, locally manufactured missiles and drones, creates a dynamic of sustained pressure on both sides.
• Absence of Effective Regional Mechanisms: A critical contributing factor to the persistence and exacerbation of conflicts in the Middle East is the lack of robust and effective regional organizations for security coordination and conflict prevention, a contrast highlighted when compared to regions like Europe.
• Israel’s Role: Sources specifically point to Israel’s actions as a primary driver of instability, stating that its behavior contributes to the concept of instability and the absence of security, hindering diplomatic efforts and fostering division within the region.

In response to this growing instability, there is a widespread international call for de-escalation:

• Global Appeals for Restraint: Numerous countries, including GCC states, France, Italy, Egypt, Kuwait, Turkey, and Switzerland, alongside the UN Secretary-General, have urged all parties to exercise “utmost self-restraint” and to “avoid escalation”. The UN Secretary-General explicitly stated “grave concern” over the use of force, emphasizing the region is “already on the verge of abyss”.
• Emphasis on Diplomacy: Diplomatic solutions are consistently advocated as the “only way” to resolve disputes and ensure security and stability. There is a call for the international community to “redouble efforts” in these critical times to achieve a political resolution.
• Saudi Arabia’s Proactive Stance: Saudi Arabia consistently positions itself as a pillar of stability, advocating for wisdom, calm, and diplomatic resolutions. The Kingdom actively works to strengthen security and peace, rejecting violence, extremism, and the use of the region for settling international scores. Its strategic approach focuses on long-term development and building a future based on stability, rather than engaging in immediate reactive conflict.
• Call for Investment in Peace: The ongoing crisis underscores the need for international powers to re-invest in peace-making initiatives rather than abandoning them. The Middle East is described as needing “effective peaceful solutions for wars and conflicts”.

Overall, the sources indicate that regional stability is under severe threat due to ongoing conflicts and the lack of robust mechanisms for managing them. The international community, with Saudi Arabia playing a proactive role, is emphasizing the urgent need for de-escalation and a return to diplomatic pathways to avoid further catastrophe and build a more secure future.

Saudi Arabia’s Healthcare Transformation: Vision 2030 in Action

Saudi Arabia’s healthcare sector is undergoing a significant qualitative transformation, aligning with Vision 2030, which recognizes tourism and other non-oil sectors as fundamental economic pillars. This transformation is driven by strategic investments, competency development, and improved legislation.

Key aspects of healthcare development in Saudi Arabia include:

• Pioneering Institutions and Innovation:
• King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (Takhassusi) is a prominent example of this development. It participated in the BIO 2025 international conference in Boston, showcasing its expertise in utilizing biotechnology and genomic data in healthcare. The hospital explores opportunities for global collaboration and knowledge exchange in biotechnology.
• Takhassusi integrates its research center within the clinical care value chain, utilizing extensive patient electronic data to link genomic information with phenotypic patterns. This approach aims to accelerate the development of personalized treatments and innovative diagnostic models.
• The hospital contributes approximately 10% of global entries to the OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man) genetic mutations database, highlighting its leading role in research on rare genetic diseases and genomic sciences worldwide.
• Its significant standing is underscored by its ranking as the first in the Middle East and Africa and among the top 250 healthcare institutions globally for 2024 by Brand Finance. It was also listed among the best smart hospitals worldwide for 2025 by Newsweek. Takhassusi’s participation in international forums like BIO 2025 aligns with its role in medical innovation and strengthening global partnerships, in line with Vision 2030 and the National Biotechnology Strategy.
• Regional Healthcare Infrastructure and Services:
• The Qassim Health Cluster is actively expanding its services. It recently announced a community partnership for the establishment of the “Badr Abdullah Al-Hamid for Urgent Care Center (UCC)” in Buraidah. This center is designed to meet Level Two urgent care standards, with a capacity of up to 30 beds (20 for observation and 10 for rapid treatment), in addition to a mini-operating room, pharmacy, radiology, and comprehensive medical and administrative facilities. This initiative aims to alleviate pressure on hospital emergency departments and enhance rapid response medical services, reflecting Vision 2030 goals for developing and improving healthcare system efficiency.
• Al-Muthnab General Hospital, part of the Qassim Health Cluster, successfully renewed its accreditation from the Saudi Center for Accreditation of Healthcare Institutions (CBAHI, or “Spahi”). This renewal confirms its adherence to fundamental standards and commitment to applying quality specifications for safe medical care, aiming to enhance patient trust in the quality of services provided.
• King Fahd Specialist Hospital in Buraidah (also within Qassim Health Cluster) showcased a notable medical achievement by successfully performing a minimally invasive thoracic surgery to save a pregnant woman and her fetus. This complex intervention utilized flexible bronchoscopy with balloon dilation under local anesthesia, specifically to avoid traditional surgery or general anesthesia, prioritizing fetal safety. The success was attributed to the integrated efforts of various medical specialties.
• Public Health Initiatives and Community Engagement:
• King Saud Medical City in Riyadh organized a voluntary blood donation drive in conjunction with World Blood Donor Day. This initiative not only supports hospitalized patients and boosts the blood bank’s reserves but also embodies the center’s commitment to community responsibility and the humanitarian spirit of healthcare professionals. It aligns with Riyadh Health Cluster One’s vision to cultivate a culture of blood donation and sustainable humanitarian practices, contributing to Vision 2030’s objectives for health and quality of life.
• The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development recognized entities, including the Ministry of Health, for achieving high levels of employee engagement, emphasizing the enhancement of human capital in various sectors, including health.
• Governmental efforts to improve the overall quality of life also indirectly support health. For instance, the “Behja Al Watani” project in the Jazan region led to a significant increase in public spaces, recreational, cultural, and sports facilities, enhancing the living environment. Similarly, the Asir region refurbished and maintained over 100 parks and gardens, improving public spaces and contributing to a healthier environment.
• Strategic Oversight and Goals:
• The Shura Council reviews annual reports from governmental bodies, including the Ministry of Health, demonstrating ongoing governmental oversight and commitment to improving public services.
• The King Abdulaziz Quality Award honors institutions, including those in the health sector, that demonstrate excellence, innovation, and continuous improvement, supporting the broader Vision 2030 objective of developing government and private sector performance to enhance productivity and quality of outcomes.

These developments illustrate Saudi Arabia’s comprehensive and sustained approach to enhancing its healthcare infrastructure, services, and overall public health outcomes in line with its national transformation goals.

Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030: Economic Diversification and Growth

Saudi Arabia is actively engaged in a comprehensive and multi-faceted economic diversification strategy as a central pillar of Vision 2030, with the primary goal of reducing its reliance on oil and fostering a more prosperous and sustainable economy. This transformation is supported by strategic investments, human capital development, and enhanced legislative frameworks.

Key areas demonstrating this diversification include:

• Tourism Development:
• The Kingdom’s tourism sector experienced an “unprecedented qualitative transformation” in 2024, solidifying its position as a leading regional and international tourist destination.
• It has achieved “historical figures” since the launch of Vision 2030, recording 115.9 million tourists and a total tourism expenditure exceeding 284 billion riyals in 2024.
• This makes tourism an “essential economic pillar in the non-oil growth structure”.
• This growth is attributed to a “comprehensive national strategy” involving new infrastructure development, promotional programs, and streamlined entry procedures. Specific initiatives like the “Behja Al Watani” project in Jazan and the “Saudi Hospitality Journey” further support this sector by enhancing public spaces and establishing a unique Saudi hospitality identity that blends local culture with global quality standards.
• Startup Ecosystem and Innovation:
• Saudi Arabia has made remarkable progress in developing its startup environment, ascending to 23rd globally among the top 100 startup ecosystems in 2025.
• The Kingdom ranks 2nd globally in the performance of its startup ecosystem, 3rd in funding volume, and 4th in the availability of skills and expertise.
• This reflects a “flexible regulatory system” that fosters innovation and reduces barriers for new businesses.
• The Kingdom is establishing itself as a “regional center for startups,” particularly in FinTech, digital commerce, and smart health.
• Financial Sector Growth (Banking Credit):
• Banking credit is identified as a “vital axis” for building a prosperous and sustainable economy in line with Vision 2030.
• It witnessed a significant annual growth of 16.5% for both public and private sectors, reaching over 3.126 trillion riyals by April 2025.
• This expansion directly “stimulates economic growth” by facilitating access to finance, especially for small and medium-sized companies.
• The Saudi Central Bank (SAMA) has enhanced its regulatory frameworks and implemented digital advancements to improve lending transparency and efficiency. Banking credit has been distributed across 17 economic activities, contributing to inclusive and sustainable growth targets.
• Healthcare and Biotechnology Advancement:
• Leading institutions, such as King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSH&RC), are at the forefront of healthcare innovation, utilizing biotechnology and genomic data to develop personalized treatments.
• KFSH&RC’s significant contributions to global genetic research and its participation in international conferences like BIO 2025 underscore the Kingdom’s commitment to advanced, knowledge-based industries, aligning with the National Biotechnology Strategy and Vision 2030.
• Local initiatives, like the Qassim Health Cluster’s urgent care center, also aim to enhance healthcare efficiency as part of Vision 2030’s goals.
• Human Capital Development and Workforce Localization:
• Efforts to enhance human capital and foster employee engagement are recognized by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development.
• The “Nitaqat” program and minimum wage policies are examples of ongoing initiatives aimed at localizing jobs (Saudization) and building a skilled national workforce, which is crucial for sustainable economic growth.
• Sports and Cultural Industries:
• The professionalization of sports clubs and Saudi Arabia’s successful bid to host the 2034 FIFA Club World Cup are highlighted as “pivotal steps towards enhancing Saudi Arabia’s position in sports globally” and a “strategic opportunity” aligned with Vision 2030.
• Investment in the creative economy is also evident through extensions for film project submissions at the Red Sea International Film Festival.
• Cultural heritage is promoted through campaigns like “Adat” by the Heritage Authority, which raises awareness about archaeological sites to foster cultural tourism.
• Strategic Partnerships:
• The Kingdom emphasizes the importance of strategic partnerships, particularly between the public and private sectors, as a “key and influential driver” for economic development.
• Vision 2030 and national strategies are credited with creating “golden opportunities for effective and influential international partnerships” that significantly benefit the national economy.

In sum, the sources demonstrate Saudi Arabia’s deliberate and sustained drive towards economic diversification by investing heavily in non-oil sectors such as tourism, technology, finance, healthcare, sports, and culture, all underpinned by robust strategic planning and a focus on developing its human capital. The stability of the Saudi stock market despite regional tensions further highlights the Kingdom’s confident approach to its economic transformation.

Saudi Arabia’s Cultural Heritage: Vision 2030 and Beyond

Saudi Arabia is actively engaged in the preservation and promotion of its cultural heritage as a vital component of its national identity and a key driver for economic diversification under Vision 2030. This multifaceted approach aims to enhance public awareness, foster tourism, and integrate cultural elements into the Kingdom’s broader developmental goals.

Key initiatives and aspects of cultural heritage development include:

• “Adat” Campaign by the Heritage Authority:
• The Heritage Authority launched the national awareness campaign “Adat”.
• This campaign aims to enhance public awareness about the significance of Saudi archaeological sites.
• It emphasizes the crucial role of these sites in solidifying the cultural identity of the Kingdom and serving as a testament to historical civilizations that have spanned thousands of years on its land.
• “Adat” also addresses threats to archaeological sites, such as encroachments and illegal trafficking of artifacts, promoting the concept of community responsibility for protecting these assets.
• The campaign employs a comprehensive set of media tools, including field campaigns in public places, markets, commercial complexes, and universities across various regions of the Kingdom. It also leverages digital media platforms to ensure wide reach and effectiveness of its messages.
• The Heritage Authority highlights that each artifact embodies a story from the past, making its preservation a fundamental pillar in safeguarding the national memory for future generations.
• Promoting Traditional Crafts and Arts:
• Al-Ahsa Creative City is actively participating in international forums, such as the 17th Annual Conference of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN) in Paris.
• Al-Ahsa’s membership in the network is focused on the crafts and folk arts domain, underscoring its leading position in this sector globally.
• This participation aims to strengthen international partnerships, exchange expertise and experiences with other member cities, and develop sustainable programs in traditional crafts. This also includes empowering artisans to reach global platforms.
• The Northern Borders Literary Club is organizing a specialized training course titled “Arabic Calligraphy (Part One),” as part of its annual programs and events supporting traditional handicrafts.
• This initiative aims to enhance national cultural heritage and celebrate the creative legacy in traditional crafts and arts. The course focuses on the practical aspects of Arabic calligraphy and the foundations of modern Saudi calligraphy, reflecting the Kingdom’s cultural identity and the evolution of written arts within its national visual landscape.
• Integration with Tourism and Local Identity:
• The Kingdom’s tourism strategy recognizes tourism as an “essential economic pillar in the non-oil growth structure”. The “Saudi Hospitality Journey” aims to establish a unique Saudi hospitality identity that blends local culture with global quality standards.
• The concept of Saudi hospitality (Diafah) is deeply rooted in history, particularly in the desert where generosity to guests is a core value, and in cities where hospitality is part of daily life.
• This goes beyond mere service; it’s about creating a “Saudi experience” that embodies cultural symbols and traditions, offering something unique that cannot be found elsewhere.
• This aligns with Vision 2030’s goal of enhancing culture as a driver for development and diversifying income sources through promising sectors like tourism and hospitality.
• The aim is to train national cadres to embody this identity with pride and effectively communicate cultural nuances to international visitors, transforming them into cultural ambassadors.
• The Jeddah Historic Area is a testament to this, attracting pilgrims from various nationalities who visit its economic and historical landmarks before returning to their home countries. Pilgrims are keen to acquire heritage souvenirs, such as carpets, prayer beads, precious stones with images of the Kaaba, and traditional textiles, as cherished memories of their spiritual journey.
• Creative Industries and Film:
• The Red Sea Film Market has extended the submission period for film projects under development or production as part of the Red Sea International Film Festival.
• This program offers substantial cash prizes and opportunities for selected projects to win additional awards from festival partners, serving as a leading platform to support cinematic projects in their early stages, expand their production scope, and connect them with regional and international funding and distribution networks.
• This highlights an investment in the creative economy and cultural production as part of economic diversification efforts.

These initiatives collectively demonstrate Saudi Arabia’s commitment to leveraging its rich cultural heritage not only as a source of national pride but also as a significant contributor to its economic future and global standing.

By Amjad Izhar
Contact: amjad.izhar@gmail.com
https://amjadizhar.blog

Affiliate Disclosure: This blog may contain affiliate links, which means I may earn a small commission if you click on the link and make a purchase. This comes at no additional cost to you. I only recommend products or services that I believe will add value to my readers. Your support helps keep this blog running and allows me to continue providing you with quality content. Thank you for your support!

These sources from Al Riyadh newspaper highlight Saudi Arabia’s ambitious advancements and cultural initiatives. They detail the Kingdom’s progress in education and technology, with universities achieving global recognition and the widespread adoption of AI. The texts also emphasize Saudi Arabia’s economic diversification, focusing on oil market stability through OPEC+ and the promotion of tourism and cultural heritage. Furthermore, the sources touch upon humanitarian efforts by the King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Center and ongoing development projects across various regions, all contributing to the nation’s 2030 Vision for a prosperous future.

PMU: A Top 100 University for Sustainable Development

Prince Mohammad bin Fahd University (PMU) has achieved a significant global academic milestone by entering the list of the top 100 distinguished universities worldwide.

Here are the key details regarding PMU’s global ranking:

• PMU is featured in the Times Higher Education Impact Rankings. This ranking specifically assesses universities’ contributions to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
• The university secured the 98th position globally out of 2,526 universities that participated from 130 countries.
• The Times Higher Education Impact Rankings are considered the most prominent global indicator for evaluating universities’ commitment to the 17 Sustainable Development Goals. These goals encompass critical issues such as poverty eradication, equality, quality education, climate action, clean energy, peace, and justice.
• This notable progress by PMU is a reflection of the extensive and continuous efforts made by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, under its wise leadership, to foster academic and research excellence and establish the country as a leading educational and research hub on the global stage.
• His Royal Highness Prince Turki bin Mohammed bin Fahd bin Abdulaziz, Minister of State and Member of the Council of Ministers, commended the Ministry of Education’s active role in supporting and guiding universities to achieve such international accomplishments. He also emphasized that this achievement underscores the university’s commitment to its vision and mission of actively contributing to sustainable development goals.
• The university’s success is directly attributed to its diligent work and clear strategies, particularly in areas such as scientific research with a societal impact, innovative academic programs, and community engagement. This is also linked to the insightful vision of the university’s founder, the late Prince Mohammad bin Fahd.

OPEC+ Stability and Global Oil Markets

Prince Mohammad bin Fahd University (PMU) was the subject of our previous conversation, where we discussed its global ranking among the top 100 distinguished universities worldwide, specifically its 98th position in the Times Higher Education Impact Rankings for its contributions to the UN Sustainable Development Goals.

Now, regarding your query about OPEC+ stability, the provided sources offer significant insights into this topic, particularly from the perspective of Saudi Arabia’s Minister of Energy and market analysts.

Here’s a comprehensive overview of OPEC+ stability:

• OPEC+ as a Reliable and Effective Alliance:
• The Saudi Minister of Energy, Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman, has affirmed that OPEC+ is a reliable and effective alliance that takes into account prevailing circumstances when they arise.
• He highlighted that the alliance has achieved significant success in ensuring the stability of oil markets.
• Prince Abdulaziz described OPEC+ as the “central bank and regulator of oil markets”.
• Composition and Commitment:
• He clarified that OPEC+ is not managed by just two states, but comprises 22 OPEC member countries in addition to a group of eight other nations. Saudi Arabia and Russia, in particular, collaborate to foster an investment-friendly environment, including joint projects.
• The Minister emphasized the collective responsibility of all partners and member countries to ensure their participation in addressing any market situation that may emerge.
• He underlined that their past experiences confirm their capability as a trustworthy, serious, and effective organization that prioritizes attention to evolving circumstances.
• Role in Oil Prices:
• The Minister of Energy stated that OPEC+ has become a key guarantor for oil prices and the sector as a whole.
• Market Perceptions and Geopolitical Impact:
• Despite recent geopolitical tensions, the CEO of the Italian energy company Eni, Claudio Descalzi, indicated that oil markets suggest a closure of the Strait of Hormuz is “unlikely”. He noted that approximately one-fifth of the world’s total oil consumption passes through this strait.
• Descalzi believes that oil markets are not pricing in the most extreme scenarios, such as the strait’s closure.
• He also pointed out that a closure would primarily affect Iranian oil sales and would likely necessitate a U.S. intervention. He expressed confidence that global leaders would strive to prevent such events, despite the highly volatile current situation.
• Recent Market Dynamics and Inflationary Impact:
• Oil prices saw some stabilization at the end of the previous week, with slight decreases following new U.S. sanctions on Iran, which fostered hopes for a diplomatic agreement.
• Brent crude futures and U.S. West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude for July delivery experienced minor dips, although overall, Brent crude rose by 3.6% and U.S. crude futures for the next month’s delivery by 2.7% over the week.
• U.S. sanctions targeting Iran involved 20 entities, 5 individuals, and 3 vessels.
• Following Israeli strikes on nuclear targets in Iran and Iran’s retaliatory missile and drone attacks, oil prices jumped nearly 3%. However, Brent prices subsequently decreased after the White House indicated that President Trump would not decide on U.S. intervention in the Israeli-Iranian conflict within the next two weeks.
• Analysts from UBS noted that oil exports haven’t been affected, and there are no supply shortages.
• Morgan Stanley economists suggest that the recent rise in oil prices, primarily driven by supply cuts (including those by Saudi Arabia), is a supply shock rather than a sign of booming global demand, and is expected to have only a “slight” and “short-lived” inflationary impact. They estimate this impact at about 3 basis points on core inflation over three months.
• U.S. energy companies have reduced the number of oil and gas rigs for the eighth consecutive week, marking the first such occurrence since September 2023.

King Abdulaziz Quality Award: Excellence and Vision 2030

The King Abdulaziz Quality Award is a significant national initiative in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, playing a crucial role in promoting excellence and achieving national development goals.

Here are the key aspects of the King Abdulaziz Quality Award:

• Prominence and Purpose:
• The award is considered one of the most prominent national events focused on institutional excellence and performance quality in the Kingdom.
• It aims to solidify a culture of high-performance excellence and motivate entities to adopt models that ensure sustainability and effectiveness.
• The award serves as a national reference point for measuring institutional performance and guiding development pathways. This contributes to inspiring organizations and fostering national leadership by creating a positive competitive environment that enhances transparency and accountability, ultimately improving the quality of services provided to society.
• Supervision and Alignment with Vision 2030:
• The award is supervised by the Ministry of Economy and Planning.
• It is identified as one of the effective drivers in achieving the Kingdom’s Vision 2030 objectives. This alignment underscores Saudi Arabia’s commitment to fostering excellence and innovation across various sectors to meet its ambitious national vision.
• Evaluation Criteria:
• Winning entities undergo a rigorous evaluation and review process.
• This evaluation is based on the highest standards of quality, governance, and institutional excellence.
• These standards assess the entities’ demonstrated commitment to principles of efficiency, innovation, and continuous improvement.
• Recent Ceremony (7th Session):
• The ceremony for honoring the winning establishments of the King Abdulaziz Quality Award was held under the patronage of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz.
• His Royal Highness Prince Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Abdulaziz, Deputy Governor of Riyadh Region, attended the event.
• This particular event marked the 7th session of the award.

The Expanding Reach of AI and Generative AI

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its applications are extensively discussed in the sources, highlighting its transformative impact across various sectors in Saudi Arabia and globally.

Generative AI (GenAI) and its Impact: GenAI refers to a group of AI techniques capable of learning patterns from vast datasets and producing new content in various forms, including texts, images, audio, video, programming code, and simulations. It distinguishes itself from traditional AI by its ability to perform more complex and creative tasks, unlike traditional AI which is limited to predictions, classification, and recommendations.

• Cost Reduction and Efficiency: GenAI can lead to a significant reduction in operational costs, potentially up to 30% or more, through the automation of tasks and functions. This includes automating routine and complex operations, ensuring product quality, and enhancing productivity in work environments.
• Sectoral Benefits: A study by “Deloitte” indicates that human resources departments have notably benefited from GenAI, seeing cost reductions ranging between 10% and 37%. Supply chain departments have also experienced profit increases, reaching over 6% in some cases.
• Investment and Adoption Trends: Global investment in GenAI is expected to experience accelerated growth, with projections to reach $202 billion by 2028, accounting for 32% of total global AI spending. Studies suggest that approximately 80% of organizations are anticipated to adopt GenAI solutions by 2026, with 50% relying on specialized models by 2027. Globally, 60% of organizations had already adopted AI in at least one area by 2023, a significant increase from 20% in 2017.
• Regional Adoption (MENA): A “McKinsey” study in 2024, involving 140 governmental and private entities in the Arabian Gulf, revealed that over three-quarters of participating entities use Generative AI in at least one area, particularly in sales, marketing, programming, and engineering.

Specific AI Platforms and Applications:

• Nutanix AI Enterprise (NAI): This platform is designed to strengthen the deployment of autonomous AI applications across various environments. The latest version offers deep integration with NVIDIA AI Enterprise, NVIDIA NIM microservices, and the NVIDIA NeMo framework, aiming to accelerate the deployment of generative AI applications within organizations.
• Key Features and Benefits: NAI facilitates the deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) via endpoints, provides access to a wide range of endpoint services, and supports the safety of generative AI. It simplifies shared model services and streamlines deployment and maintenance workflows. The platform enables secure and confidential creation of connection points for scaling AI applications, and allows organizations to build, operate, and manage AI agents securely and efficiently. This is seen as a crucial step for the public sector in Saudi Arabia to accelerate AI adoption in line with Vision 2030.
• Smart Cities and Infrastructure: AI plays a role in the development of smart cities. For instance, Khobar’s advancement in livability rankings is partly attributed to the Kingdom’s vision for improving quality of life and creating attractive environments for living and investment, implying the integration of advanced technologies like AI in urban infrastructure and planning.
• Petrochemical Industry: Saudi petrochemical companies have embraced digital technologies, automation, and AI tools to enhance production efficiency, optimize operational scheduling, implement predictive maintenance, and improve decision-making accuracy and flexibility. This digital transformation is vital for competitiveness in the global market.
• Health Sector: The concept of a “Biobank” aims to collect biological samples linked with precise health and demographic data, creating a knowledge base for research, disease prevention, and healthcare planning. This project represents a meeting point of health, research, and artificial intelligence, opening avenues for early diagnosis and prioritizing population health needs. It also supports national health security by enabling rapid response capabilities for epidemics and rare diseases.
• Internet Usage and Societal Impact: Reports indicate that younger age groups (9-29 years) in Saudi Arabia utilize AI tools to a greater extent, with up to 48% engagement compared to older demographics (over 60 years) at around 6%. This suggests that AI will be a focus of societal interest in the coming phase. However, there are concerns, as AI tools and deepfake technologies are implicated in issues like marital infidelity, family breakdown, and the spread of fabricated rumors.

Drivers and Challenges of AI Adoption:

• Drivers: The primary drivers for rapid AI adoption include the profit motive for publicly traded companies, which face quarterly pressure to reduce costs and boost stock performance. Additionally, a powerful media machine perpetuates the narrative of AI success, fostering a “fear of missing out” among executives who feel compelled to adopt AI to keep pace.
• Challenges: The rapid adoption of AI is contrasted by a lag in educational institutions, which are slow to integrate AI curricula. This creates a gap where displaced workers may not have suitable retraining opportunities, and new AI-driven jobs struggle to find qualified candidates. The sources emphasize the need for better integration and coordination among the various components—education, governance, and legislation—to ensure a coherent and effective adoption of AI, rather than a fragmented, “rusting gears” approach.

The Far-Reaching Impacts of Global Conflicts

Conflicts, as highlighted in the sources, have far-reaching and multifaceted impacts across economic, humanitarian, social, and geopolitical spheres, often creating prolonged instability and suffering.

Key impacts of conflicts include:

• Economic Disruptions:
• Market Volatility and Inflation: Conflicts contribute to global economic instability and inflation. For instance, the Israel-Iran conflict has led to increased volatility and risk premiums in oil markets, though some analysts believe a Strait of Hormuz closure is unlikely due to its severe global implications. Oil prices have surged following attacks, raising fears of increased inflation. The Russia-Ukraine conflict also contributed to rising natural gas prices and supply chain disruptions.
• Supply Chain and Trade Issues: Tensions and conflicts, such as those involving the US and China, create customs barriers and disrupt global supply chains. The potential closure of critical maritime passages like the Strait of Hormuz (through which about 20% of global oil supplies pass daily) and the Bab al-Mandab Strait would lead to a severe global energy crisis, affecting major consumers in Asia and Europe, and causing significant disruptions to global trade.
• Investment Shifts: Global economic instability can lead to investors re-evaluating opportunities, with some turning towards more stable markets like those in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, driven by economic reform programs.
• Operational Costs: Beyond direct conflict zones, companies, particularly in the petrochemical industry, have faced pressures from fluctuating energy prices and competition, pushing them towards digital transformation, automation, and AI tools to enhance efficiency and optimize operations.
• Humanitarian and Social Consequences:
• Mass Displacement and Casualties: Conflicts lead to unprecedented levels of violence against children and massive displacement. Reports indicate over 6.5 million refugees from Syria, 5.7 million from Afghanistan, and 5.7 million from Ukraine. In Gaza, the “war of extermination” has resulted in around 180,000 martyrs and wounded Palestinians, mostly children and women, with over 11,000 missing and hundreds of thousands displaced. The total number of children killed in conflict zones reached over 4,500 in early 2024, with more than 7,000 injured.
• Infrastructure Destruction and Living Conditions: Conflicts devastate infrastructure. In Gaza, the Israeli occupation has destroyed most schools and residential buildings. Operations in areas like Tulkarm have involved the demolition of over 20 buildings and widespread destruction of streets, community facilities, and residential homes.
• Disruption of Essential Services:
• Education: Students in Gaza have been deprived of taking their general secondary exams for the second year in a row due to the ongoing conflict.
• Aid and Healthcare: The Israeli occupation has prevented the entry of fuel shipments into Gaza, impacting the operation of water desalination plants and sewage pumps, and limiting healthcare services. Saudi Arabia, through King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Center, provides extensive aid to conflict-affected regions, including food, shelter, and medical services.
• Psychological and Social Strain: The ongoing threats and violence impose significant psychological burdens on affected populations and even on individuals indirectly exposed, like athletes facing online hate due to gambling. AI tools and deepfake technologies are also noted to be implicated in issues like marital infidelity, family breakdown, and the spread of fabricated rumors.
• Geopolitical and Diplomatic Strain:
• Escalation of Tensions: The Israel-Iran conflict risks a wider regional confrontation. Escalations include Israeli air strikes on Iranian nuclear sites and missile launches by Iran.
• Challenges to Peace and Stability: The global community faces a complex web of interconnected political conflicts and wars, demanding stability, economic growth, and reduced inflation. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia emphasizes its commitment to resolving conflicts peacefully and supporting humanitarian causes globally.
• Cyber Warfare and Security Concerns: Beyond physical destruction, conflicts can involve cyber interference affecting maritime navigation systems, as seen in the Arabian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz, posing operational challenges for commercial shipping.

In summary, conflicts result in a cascade of negative consequences, ranging from economic downturns and market volatility to severe humanitarian crises, infrastructure destruction, and heightened geopolitical instability.

By Amjad Izhar
Contact: amjad.izhar@gmail.com
https://amjadizhar.blog

Affiliate Disclosure: This blog may contain affiliate links, which means I may earn a small commission if you click on the link and make a purchase. This comes at no additional cost to you. I only recommend products or services that I believe will add value to my readers. Your support helps keep this blog running and allows me to continue providing you with quality content. Thank you for your support!

This collection of articles from “Alriyadh” newspaper primarily focuses on Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030, emphasizing the transformation of its tourism sector through massive investments, infrastructure development, and a focus on internal tourism, with the aim of boosting the non-oil economy and creating jobs. The sources also highlight related initiatives, such as the growth of green finance in the Kingdom to support sustainable projects, the burgeoning e-sports industry with Riyadh hosting a major global event, and the role of Saudi citizens as key drivers and beneficiaries of these national developments. Additionally, the compilation includes disparate topics like the historical legacy of Amin Saeed, the growth of the dental orthodontics market, and a report on Israeli actions concerning archaeological sites in occupied Palestinian territories.

Saudi Arabia’s Domestic Tourism: Vision, Growth, and Future

Domestic tourism is a cornerstone of Saudi Arabia’s ambitious Vision 2030, serving as a vital engine for economic diversification and national development. It aims to shift the country’s economy away from oil reliance by transforming tourism from a mere recreational activity into an integrated industrial sector.

Here’s a detailed overview of domestic tourism in Saudi Arabia:

1. Importance and Economic Contribution:

• Diversification and GDP: The Kingdom aims to increase tourism’s contribution to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) from 3% to 10% by 2030, with tourism already contributing approximately 5.3% to the GDP in 2022.
• Job Creation: The tourism sector is a significant creator of direct and indirect job opportunities, particularly for youth and women. It is projected to create over one million jobs by 2030.
• Financial Stability: The growth of tourism has yielded a remarkable travel surplus, reaching approximately 49.8 billion Saudi Riyals in 2024, a 7.8% increase from 2023. This makes Saudi Arabia one of the easiest and fastest countries for tourism investment globally.
• Sustainable Development: Investment in tourism supports sustainable development, enhances the sector’s competitiveness, attracts foreign direct investment, and improves the balance of payments.

2. Growth and Development:

• Visitor Numbers: In 2023, Saudi Arabia recorded 100 million total visits, with a substantial 79-81 million being domestic visits from Saudi citizens.
• Post-Pandemic Surge: Even after the return of international travel, domestic travel by citizens continued to increase at an accelerated pace.
• Government Support: Extensive government support includes developing robust infrastructure, improving roads, transportation, airports, and ports, and expanding the capacity of tourist cities.
• Mega-Projects: The Public Investment Fund and the Tourism Development Fund are actively investing in diverse, large-scale tourism projects, such as NEOM, Qiddiya, the Red Sea Project, Amaala, Diriyah Gate, and Soudah. For instance, the Red Sea Project alone will include about 50 resorts and hotels and 1,300 residential properties across 22 islands and 6 inland sites.
• Tourism Development Fund: This fund has financed over 2,400 direct and indirect tourism projects, totaling over 35 billion Saudi Riyals, including the development of more than 9,200 hotel rooms. The goal is to reach 600,000 to 700,000 hotel rooms by 2030.
• Regulatory Reforms: New legislation and detailed hotel regulations have been implemented to enhance quality and leverage international best practices.

3. Key Attractions and Destinations: Saudi Arabia boasts a unique blend of natural, historical, cultural, and religious sites:

• Geographical Diversity: From the temperate mountainous regions of Asir and Al Baha in the south (preferred summer destinations due to mild weather) to the enchanting coasts in the east and west, and the deserts of Najd and the Empty Quarter.
• Historical and Cultural Treasures: Sites like AlUla (Mada’in Salih, Al-Hijr), Historic Diriyah (Al-Turaif district), Historic Jeddah (Al-Balad), and Tabuk offer rich cultural experiences. Eight Saudi sites are listed on UNESCO’s World Heritage list.
• Entertainment and Events: The “Saudi Seasons” program (Riyadh Season, Jeddah Season, AlUla, etc.) has redefined local entertainment, offering international festivals, cultural shows, and adventure activities. Qiddiya and Jeddah Waterfront are notable modern entertainment destinations.
• Religious Tourism: Makkah and Madinah are vital religious destinations, attracting millions of visitors annually, especially during Ramadan, Hajj, and Umrah.
• Emerging Destinations: Luxury marine destinations like Sindalah (part of NEOM), Amaala, and Umluj are being developed as world-class attractions. Wellness and adventure tourism, such as climbing and hiking in AlUla, are also growing.

4. The Crucial Role of Citizens: Saudi citizens are considered the “heart” and “engine” of domestic tourism.

• Active Participants: They are not merely consumers but active partners and motivators in the domestic tourism ecosystem. Their engagement is crucial for achieving Vision 2030’s goals.
• Local Experts and Guides: Citizens, with their deep knowledge of local places, history, and culture, are ideal guides and ambassadors for authentic Saudi experiences.
• Content Creators and Promoters: Many young Saudis have become “ambassadors” for domestic tourism through social media, showcasing hidden gems, providing reliable information, and promoting local culture. This organic promotion enhances national pride and drives local economic activity.
• Entrepreneurs: Citizens are increasingly leading small and medium-sized tourism projects, including heritage guesthouses, traditional restaurants, and craft shops, thereby contributing directly to local economies and preserving heritage.
• Empowerment and Training: The government has heavily invested in training and empowering citizens, especially women, in various tourism specialties such as hotel management, guiding, and event organization.

5. Challenges Faced by Domestic Tourism: Despite significant progress, some challenges remain:

• Service Gaps: A shortage of services in certain less-developed tourist areas, including hotel accommodation, entertainment options, and transportation.
• Promotion Weaknesses: Insufficient internal promotion means a segment of the population remains unaware of the diverse tourism opportunities within the Kingdom.
• High Costs: Elevated prices for tickets, transportation, and events can pose a barrier for many families.
• Human Capital Shortages: A lack of trained and specialized national personnel in tourism and hospitality services, though efforts are underway to address this through training programs.
• Cultural Balance: The challenge of balancing rapid tourism development with the preservation of cultural traditions and community values.
• Women’s Participation: While increasing, women still face challenges related to limited opportunities in some regions, the nature of jobs requiring continuous travel or unusual hours, and the need for more specialized academic programs.

6. Future Outlook: Saudi Arabia’s domestic tourism is on an upward trajectory, supported by ambitious visions and significant investments. It is expected to become a real and attractive option for both citizens and residents, eventually transforming the Kingdom into a leading global and regional tourism destination. The focus on sustainable development and empowering national capabilities, including women, ensures a promising and inclusive future for the sector.

Saudi Arabia’s Green Finance Transformation

Green finance in Saudi Arabia is a pivotal element of the country’s Vision 2030, serving as a strategic tool for economic diversification and a key driver in the shift towards sustainable development. The Kingdom aims to transform its economy away from oil reliance by integrating environmental considerations into financial decisions.

Here’s a detailed discussion of green finance in Saudi Arabia:

• Definition and Aims Green finance involves directing capital towards developing sustainable projects, maximizing government revenues, and revitalizing economic activity. It extends beyond mere entertainment activities to become an integrated industrial sector. The Kingdom’s commitment to carbon neutrality by 2060 is a major driver.
• Growth and Economic Contribution The volume of sustainable finance in the Saudi market has seen substantial growth.
• Green bond and sukuk issuances increased from approximately $1 billion in 2019 to nearly $8 billion in 2023.
• This rapid expansion has positioned Saudi Arabia as a significant player in the Gulf region’s green finance market, with regional issuances exceeding $24 billion in 2023.
• The Public Investment Fund (PIF) has been a key contributor, issuing $8.5 billion in green bonds in international markets during 2022 and 2023, with $5.2 billion allocated to environmental projects in renewable energy, green buildings, and water management.
• In a landmark move, Saudi Arabia successfully issued its first euro-denominated green bonds in February 2025, raising 2.25 billion euros (approximately $2.36 billion), which was oversubscribed by more than four times.
• Key Players and Regulatory Framework Several governmental and financial entities are instrumental in fostering green finance:
• Saudi Central Bank (SAMA): Since 2021, SAMA has established a sustainable finance framework to guide banks and financial institutions towards green projects, including guidelines for project classification and transparency requirements.
• Capital Market Authority (CMA): The CMA has issued guidelines for Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosures since 2019, requiring listed companies to report on their sustainability practices. The Saudi Exchange (Tadawul) also launched an ESG index to encourage companies to improve their sustainability performance.
• Ministry of Finance (MoF) and National Debt Management Center (NDMC): The NDMC published a reference framework in March 2024 to guide sovereign green finance, ensuring proceeds from green bonds fund projects aligned with carbon emission reduction targets, such as renewable energy and energy-efficient transport.
• These supportive regulatory frameworks and government incentives encourage innovation in green financial products.
• Impact and Opportunities Green finance is a fundamental pillar for sustainable development.
• Economic Diversification: It drives economic growth, enhances the sector’s competitiveness, and attracts foreign direct investment, improving the balance of payments.
• Job Creation: The tourism sector, boosted by green investments, contributes to job creation, particularly for youth and women.
• Mega-Projects: Significant investments in mega-projects like NEOM, Qiddiya, the Red Sea Project, and Amaala are designed with sustainability at their core, requiring substantial green financing. For instance, the NEOM Green Hydrogen project secured an $8 billion financing in 2023, the largest green project ever financed in the region.
• Digital Transformation: The adoption of financial technologies (FinTech) and digital banking practices contributes positively to environmental goals by reducing carbon footprint and enabling better risk assessment and opportunity identification for green financing through data analytics and AI.
• Future Outlook The future of green finance in Saudi Arabia is highly promising.
• It is expected to move from individual initiatives to a core component of the financial sector, balancing profitability with environmental responsibility.
• The ambitious Vision 2030, with its focus on environmental sustainability, including initiatives like the Saudi Green Initiative and the target to raise renewable energy production to 58.7 gigawatts by 2030, will continue to drive massive investments and demand for green financial services.
• Global investors are increasingly viewing the Saudi market positively due to these reforms and commitments, with Saudi Arabia’s inclusion in global green bond indices expected to attract more investment flows.
• This focus will also lead to Saudi banks developing expertise and innovative products in sustainable finance, diversifying their portfolios and enhancing their international reputation.

In essence, green finance is a new growth pillar for Saudi Arabia’s financial sector, poised to contribute to sustainable economic development and long-term financial stability while addressing future environmental challenges.

Archaeological Sites: Saudi Development vs. Palestinian Threats

Archaeological sites are prominently discussed in the sources, highlighting their cultural, historical, and economic significance, particularly within Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 and in the context of the Palestinian archaeological site of Sabastiya.

Archaeological Sites in Saudi Arabia:

• Importance and Role in Vision 2030:
• Saudi Arabia has made significant strides in recent years to enhance its local tourism, which aligns with Vision 2030’s goal of diversifying the economy and increasing the non-oil sector’s contribution to the GDP. Archaeological sites play a key role in this strategy.
• The Kingdom places great importance on the care of archaeological areas, recognizing them as a pillar for attracting tourists interested in culture and developing local heritage.
• These sites contribute to economic growth by attracting foreign direct investment, improving the balance of payments, and creating jobs, especially for youth and women.
• Tourism, driven by investments in these sites, is expected to contribute over 10% of the GDP by 2030 and create one million direct and indirect jobs, aiming to attract over 100 million visitors annually.
• Key Saudi Archaeological and Historical Sites:
• Al-Ula ( العلا ): Described as one of the most prominent destinations for tourism investment. It is also mentioned as a historical site along with Al-Diriyah and Al-Balad in Jeddah, with efforts to restore and open them to the public. Al-Ula has received international recognition, winning the “Leading Cultural Destination in the Middle East” award at the World Travel Awards.
• Al-Diriyah ( الدرعية ): Specifically, the Al-Turaif district ( حي الطريف ) in Al-Diriyah is highlighted as the first capital of the Saudi state and one of the most important World Heritage sites. Visitors are keen to see it.
• Mada’in Salih ( مدائن صالح ): Along with Al-Ula, it is mentioned as a historical site that impresses foreign visitors.
• Jeddah Historic ( جدة التاريخية – البلد ): Known for its Hejazi architecture and traditional markets, it is a key cultural and historical destination for visitors.
• Rock Art in Jubbah and Shuwaymis ( الفنون الصخرية في جبة والشويمس ): These sites are part of the 8 Saudi locations registered on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
• Al-Ahsa Oasis ( واحة الأحساء ): Also a UNESCO World Heritage site.
• Hima Cultural Area in Najran ( منطقة حمى الثقافية بنجران ): Another UNESCO site.
• Uruq Bani Ma’arid Reserve ( محمية عروق بني معارض ): Distinguished as the first natural site on the UNESCO list.
• Cultural Landscape of Al-Faw Archaeological Area ( المنظر الثقافي لمنطقة الفاو الأثرية ): Also a UNESCO World Heritage site.
• Other natural and historical sites include the mountains of Asir and Al-Baha, the deserts of Najd and the Empty Quarter, coastal areas like Umluj, and religious sites like Mecca and Medina.
• Development and Preservation Efforts:
• The Kingdom’s efforts include restoring ancient and archaeological sites and providing services in those locations to attract tourists.
• Investments in tourism aim to preserve the local heritage and improve basic infrastructure, benefiting both local residents and visitors.
• Partnerships with local entrepreneurs and development of their capabilities are encouraged to support the local economy in areas with significant archaeological sites, such as Al-Ula.

Archaeological Site of Sabastiya ( سبسطية ) in Palestine:

• Location and Historical Significance:
• Sabastiya is an archaeological site located north of the occupied West Bank. Its roots date back to the Bronze Age (around 3200 years ago).
• It contains artifacts from various civilizations, including Canaanite, Roman, Byzantine, Phoenician, and Islamic.
• The town of Sabastiya itself is described as an “archaeological museum” due to the presence of a wall surrounding the archaeological area from all directions.
• It became a religious center during the Byzantine era due to the presence of John the Baptist (Prophet Yahya bin Zakariya). His body is believed to be in a shrine near an old mosque in the town, while his head is buried in Damascus.
• Key historical structures in Sabastiya include the Roman necropolis, the shrine of Prophet Yahya, the Royal Palace, the Basilica, Al-Kayed Square, the Cathedral of John the Baptist, the Hellenistic Tower, the Temple of Augustus, the Theater, the Street of Columns, and the Stadium.
• Threats and Israeli Actions:
• Israeli occupation authorities are “racing against time to control” the Sabastiya archaeological site.
• A settlement project aims to create a park named “Samaria” within the site, which Palestinians view as an attempt to “annex and Judaize the site”.
• This project, which involves taking over nearly 80% of the site’s area (approximately 7,000 dunams), includes excavations, disturbing graves, establishing roads and electricity networks, and fencing the site with barbed wire and an Israeli security gate.
• Palestinian sources confirm that Israeli authorities have allocated 8 million Israeli shekels (approximately $2.9 million) in 2023 for the “development” of the archaeological site, which is seen as a means of annexation and Judaization.
• In July 2024, the Knesset’s General Assembly approved a bill to extend Israeli Antiquities Authority powers over all archaeological sites in the West Bank, a move considered a “creeping annexation”.
• These actions are viewed as a “serious and aggressive development” that violates international law and is rejected by Palestinians.
• The Palestinian Authority warns that this project will deprive Palestinians of access to the site and make entry conditional on permits or tickets, effectively confiscating their economy and history.
• The ongoing attacks by the Israeli occupation army and settlers in the West Bank, including Jerusalem, coincide with the war on Gaza.
• Palestinian Counter-Efforts:
• The Palestinian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities is working on three tracks to confront Israeli encroachment:

1. Political track: Documenting violations of heritage and submitting reports to international bodies, including the UN and UNESCO.
2. Public presence track: Encouraging citizens to visit the threatened archaeological site to affirm its Palestinian identity and presence.
3. Scientific track: Providing materials and studies to refute the Israeli narrative.

• The head of Sabastiya municipality stated that the project would also cause dozens of Palestinians to lose their livelihoods that depend on tourism in Sabastiya.

In summary, archaeological sites are vital for both Saudi Arabia’s economic diversification and cultural identity, as seen in the extensive development projects under Vision 2030. Conversely, Palestinian archaeological sites, like Sabastiya, face significant threats from annexation and Judaization efforts, prompting Palestinian and international calls for their protection and preservation.

Saudi Arabia’s Esports Vision: World Cup and Global Impact

Electronic Sports, often referred to as e-sports, represent a rapidly growing and strategically important sector, particularly highlighted within the context of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 initiatives.

Key Aspects of Electronic Sports from the Sources:

• Significance and Role in Saudi Arabia:
• E-sports are recognized as a major and influential event in the gaming and e-sports sector.
• The sector is described as a vital catalyst for economic growth and community building, strengthening cultural presence.
• It aligns with Saudi Vision 2030’s goal of economic diversification and the National Strategy for Gaming and E-sports.
• The Kingdom’s leading role in shaping the future of the global gaming and e-sports sector is emphasized.
• It contributes to creating sustainable economic opportunities and enhancing the region’s position as a global leader in e-sports.
• E-sports drive various vital sectors, including entertainment and tourism.
• Esports World Cup 2025 (كأس العالم للرياضات الإلكترونية 2025):
• The countdown to the Esports World Cup 2025 has begun.
• Riyadh is preparing to host the second edition of this global tournament, set to launch on July 7th and continue until August 24th.
• The event will take place at Boulevard City in Riyadh, integrating professionalism, innovation, and an exceptional spectator experience.
• It features participation from over 2,000 professional players representing more than 200 clubs from over 100 countries.
• Competitors will vie for prizes totaling over $70 million, making it the largest prize pool in e-sports history and affirming Saudi Arabia’s leadership in professional e-sports.
• The tournament will run for seven weeks and operates on a unique “points accumulation” system across 25 major tournaments from 24 popular games.
• The event also includes a festival with e-sports, music, and various cultural and entertainment activities, embodying the rich culture of the region and offering a unique experience for the audience.
• The success of the inaugural edition in Riyadh in 2024 is noted.
• Key Figures and Partnerships:
• Prince Faisal bin Bandar bin Sultan, Chairman of the Saudi Esports Federation, stated that hosting the World Cup reflects the Kingdom’s ambition to lead the global e-sports scene.
• Ralf Reichert, CEO of the Esports World Cup Foundation, highlighted the goal of uniting communities, providing sustainable economic opportunities, and enhancing the region’s global leadership in e-sports.
• Global football star Cristiano Ronaldo has joined the Esports World Cup 2025 as a global ambassador. Ronaldo’s involvement is seen as a significant boost, connecting traditional sports with e-sports and inspiring a new generation of players. He will headline the global campaign and appear as a virtual character in the game FATAL FURY: City of the Wolves, one of the 25 major tournaments. His massive social media following (over a billion followers) is expected to attract new audiences. Ronaldo was also involved in the initial announcement of the Cup in 2023 and attended the closing ceremony of the 2024 edition, where the Saudi team “Falcons” won the club championship.
• Market Growth and Demographics:
• According to a Newzoo report for 2024, the number of players in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region reached around 559 million.
• Ampere Analysis data indicates that 73% of the region’s population watches e-sports competitions at least once a month.
• This growth underscores the sector’s role as a primary driver for economic expansion and community engagement.
• Opportunities and Development:
• The event acts as a central pillar for empowering players and clubs, promoting sustainable growth, expanding fan bases, and developing talent through a partner program.
• It aims to build long-term strategic partnerships with leading brands and global companies, fostering innovation and collaboration to ensure the tournament’s sustainability and the overall sector’s ecosystem.
• Investments in e-sports are creating jobs and fostering innovation and professionalism within the industry.
• The Vice Crown Prince’s supervision of the previous tournament’s closing, attended by Ronaldo and other prominent figures, signifies high-level support.

Modern Saudi Poetry in Academia

Electronic Sports, also known as e-sports, represent a rapidly growing and strategically important sector, particularly highlighted within the context of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 initiatives.

Modern poetry, often referred to as “حديث الشعر,” has witnessed significant shifts and developments, particularly within the academic landscape of Saudi Arabia. It is understood not merely as a technical development in the poem’s structure but as a deeper reflection of societal transformations, questions, and self-awareness. This form of poetry emphasizes renewal in both form and content, encompassing diverse styles, including prose poetry (“شعر النثر”), and demonstrating a transformation from lyrical poetry to narrative and symbolic poetry.

Saudi universities, recognizing the importance of modern poetry, have begun to integrate it into their higher literary studies, moving away from a long-standing focus solely on ancient and medieval poetry (Jahili, Abbasid, Andalusian periods). This shift is a response to the need to keep pace with cultural and intellectual changes and to acknowledge modern poetry as a fertile ground for academic analysis and study.

Several Saudi universities have played a pioneering role in this academic evolution:

• King Saud University is noted as one of the first to offer academic studies on modern poetry. It hosted a doctoral dissertation titled “Semantic Transformations in Mohammed Al-Thubaiti’s Poetry,” which explored the works of Al-Thubaiti (considered one of the most prominent modern poets in Saudi Arabia), with a focus on his desert and linguistic symbolism.
• Imam Mohammad bin Saud Islamic University has embraced Master’s theses examining “Stylistic Structure in Abdullah Al-Zaid’s Poetry” and “Intertextuality in Ibrahim Al-Wafi’s Poetry” by Samia Al-Otaibi.
• King Abdulaziz University saw a doctoral dissertation on “Narrative Structure in Fawzia Abu Khalid’s Poetry,” highlighting Abu Khalid as one of the most innovative female voices in Saudi poetry, whose works showcased a transition from lyrical to narrative and symbolic forms.
• Umm Al-Qura University contributed with important research, such as “Sufi Symbolism in Mohammed Jabr Al-Harbi’s Poetry,” which focused on blending spiritual and mythical elements in modern textual construction.
• Taibah University and Qassim University have also prepared multiple studies on modern poetry.

Despite these efforts, the academic pursuit of modern poetry faces certain challenges:

• There remains a reluctance among some academic departments to adopt topics that fall outside the traditional heritage context.
• There is a scarcity of foundational reference studies that could establish a contemporary critical reading of modern Saudi poetic experiences.

However, there is a promising sign: the increasing interest from young researchers in the works of local and modern poets suggests a forthcoming transformation in the academic perspective. The engagement of universities with modern poetic experiences is considered a crucial step toward developing the critical and literary academic field. It affirms that poetry is not merely a linguistic legacy but a vibrant discourse that interacts with both the individual and society, reflecting contemporary transformations. This engagement is actively opening new avenues for understanding modern poetry, enriching critical culture, and reshaping the relationship between text and reality.

By Amjad Izhar
Contact: amjad.izhar@gmail.com
https://amjadizhar.blog

Affiliate Disclosure: This blog may contain affiliate links, which means I may earn a small commission if you click on the link and make a purchase. This comes at no additional cost to you. I only recommend products or services that I believe will add value to my readers. Your support helps keep this blog running and allows me to continue providing you with quality content. Thank you for your support!

These sources offer a multifaceted view of Saudi Arabia’s recent developments and global interactions. They detail strategic economic initiatives like bolstering industrial partnerships and tourism while addressing its environmental commitment through combating desertification and expanding green initiatives, aligning with Vision 2030. The texts also cover advancements in healthcare, including new medical facilities and drone technology for aid delivery during Hajj, and highlight cultural preservation efforts through the registration of historical sites and promotion of traditional crafts. Furthermore, the documents touch upon geopolitical tensions, specifically the ongoing conflict between Israel and Iran and its impact on global energy markets, alongside the global economic outlook affected by trade disputes and interest rate fluctuations.

New Food Regulations: Transparency, Nutrition, and Health Choices

The General Food and Drug Authority has announced the approaching date for the implementation of new technical food regulations. These regulations are designed to enhance nutritional transparency and provide consumers with sufficient information when dining out, empowering them to make informed and healthy food choices.

Key details about these new regulations include:

• Effective Date: The regulations are set to become effective starting July 1, 2025.
• Scope of Application: These requirements will apply to all food menus, regardless of whether they are in paper or electronic format. This also includes electronic food ordering platforms.
• Requirements for Food Establishments:Food establishments will be obligated to display general nutritional guidance information on their menus. This information will be presented as a “Malaḥah” or “Notice”.
• They must also provide detailed nutritional information for meals high in salt.
• Furthermore, establishments are required to disclose the caffeine content in beverages.
• They must also clarify the estimated time needed to burn the calories consumed from a particular meal.
• Objectives of the Regulations: The General Food and Drug Authority aims for these initiatives to:
• Offer healthier food options.
• Encourage the adoption of a balanced lifestyle.
• Assist consumers in understanding the amounts of salt and caffeine they consume.
• Alignment with International Recommendations: These regulations also seek to align with the health recommendations approved by the World Health Organization (WHO).
• The WHO advises a sodium intake reduction, recommending that adults consume no more than 5 grams of salt daily (equivalent to one small teaspoon).
• For caffeine, the WHO recommends that adults do not exceed 400 mg per day, and pregnant women should limit their intake to 200 mg per day.
• Resources for Consumers: To facilitate understanding and adherence, the Authority provides tools for both food establishments (like restaurants and cafes) and consumers. For instance, a “Caffeine Calculator” is available on the Authority’s website (https://www.sfda.gov.sa/ar/body-calculators/caffeine-calculator) to easily determine caffeine levels in beverages. Additionally, consumers can access approved technical regulations for high-salt and caffeine meals, and for physical activities, through the “Mwasfah” electronic store (https://mwasfah.sfda.gov.sa/Home).

Middle East Volatility: Iran, Israel, Gaza, and Global Impact

The sources indicate a highly volatile situation in the Middle East, primarily focusing on escalating tensions between Iran and Israel and the ongoing conflict in Gaza. These conflicts are having significant humanitarian and economic impacts, and are drawing international attention and concern.

Here’s a detailed breakdown of the tensions:

1. Iran-Israel Conflict and Regional Escalation:

• Direct Hostilities: Iran and Israel have exchanged new rocket attacks. Israeli military officials stated that over 50 Israeli fighter jets conducted a series of airstrikes on military targets in the Tehran area. Iran, in turn, announced that it launched approximately 400 rockets towards Israel, with about 40 of them penetrating Israeli air defenses, resulting in casualties.
• Targeting Nuclear-Related Sites: The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) reported that Israel bombed two sites in Iran that produce components for centrifuges used to enrich uranium. These facilities were reportedly under IAEA monitoring. Israel’s objective is to destroy Iran’s nuclear program, while Iran denies seeking nuclear weapons and asserts its right to peaceful nuclear technology.
• US Involvement and Stance:US President Donald Trump called for Iran’s “unconditional surrender” and warned that the US “is running out of patience”. His messages have been described as “contradictory and sometimes ambiguous,” ranging from military threats to diplomatic initiatives.
• The US military has deployed more fighter jets to the Middle East, including F-16, F-22, and F-35 aircraft, and expanded the deployment of other military aircraft. This deployment is described by the US Defense Secretary as defensive, aimed at protecting forces from potential Iranian retaliation.
• There are reports that Trump is considering options including participating with Israel in striking Iranian nuclear sites. However, the British Prime Minister indicated no sign of Washington being on the verge of entering the conflict.
• The US State Department formed a special task force to assist US citizens and diplomatic missions in the Middle East amidst the conflict.
• The US has faced criticism for obstructing a “strongly worded” joint statement from the G7 summit condemning Russia regarding Ukraine, reportedly to maintain its ability to negotiate with Iran.
• Iranian Response: Iran’s Supreme Leader, Ali Khamenei, stated that Iran would not accept Trump’s call for unconditional surrender and emphasized that peace or war cannot be imposed on the Islamic Republic. He warned that any US military intervention would result in “irreparable losses”. Iran has moved some ballistic missile launch platforms, but it’s unclear if they target US forces or Israel.
• Regional Influence and Impact on Iran: Israeli airstrikes targeting military and security advisors close to Khamenei have created a significant void in his inner circle, increasing the risk of strategic errors. Iran’s influence in the region has reportedly declined since October 7, 2023, due to strong Israeli strikes against its allies, including Hamas, Hezbollah, and other armed factions.

2. Gaza Conflict and Humanitarian Crisis:

• Casualties and Destruction: 34 Palestinians were killed and dozens injured in Israeli shelling and shootings in Gaza. The Israeli occupation army continues its aggression and war of extermination on the Gaza Strip, causing hundreds of martyrs and wounded. Sources reported the martyrdom of 11 people and the injury of 100 more due to Israeli shelling targeting aid seekers.
• Humanitarian Situation: Local sources report that five citizens were killed in an Israeli shelling that targeted displaced persons’ tents in Khan Yunis. The Israeli occupation forces have continued raids in eastern Gaza City and eastern Jabalia. Israeli forces have been targeting aid distribution points, leading to hundreds of casualties. The Gaza municipality reported that central city markets were destroyed during the war and require urgent rehabilitation.
• Al-Aqsa Mosque and West Bank:Israeli occupation authorities are exploiting current political and military conditions, especially the aggression on Gaza, as a pretext to close Al-Aqsa Mosque and impose more restrictions, which is considered a “blatant aggression” on Muslim rights of worship. They aim to change the status quo in Al-Aqsa and impose Israeli sovereignty, part of a larger plan to Judaize Jerusalem.
• The Israeli occupation forces continue their incursions into West Bank areas, including Jenin, Hebron, Bethlehem, and Nablus, conducting wide-scale arrests, house raids, and restricting movement. Over 60 Palestinians were arrested in the West Bank.
• The number of Palestinian martyrs whose bodies are held by the occupation has risen to 47.
• The occupation imposes a strict siege on Jerusalem through 84 checkpoints, impeding Palestinian movement and isolating the city geographically.

3. Economic Impacts of Tensions:

• Global Market Volatility: Economic experts anticipate negative repercussions on the global economy due to the ongoing conflict between Iran and Israel. The escalating tensions cause high anxiety in investment environments, impacting Gulf financial markets.
• Oil and Gas Prices:Oil prices have risen due to fears that the Iran-Israel conflict could disrupt supplies. Analysts note that a significant portion of global oil (18-19 million barrels per day) passes through the Strait of Hormuz, and its closure could lead to sharp price increases. Iran has threatened to disrupt shipping through Hormuz if it is attacked.
• European natural gas prices have also surged, driven by fears of supply disruptions and increased geopolitical risks. Europe’s heavy reliance on global liquefied natural gas (LNG) flows makes it vulnerable to sharp fluctuations.
• The prolonged conflict would lead to a sharp rise in oil prices, potentially reaching $150 per barrel, although this would also put significant pressure on the global economy.
• Saudi Economic Resilience: Despite the regional turmoil, the Saudi economy demonstrates resilience and confidence due to its strong economic and financial position. The Kingdom’s prudent policies have helped shield the region from the negative impact of the conflict, maintaining stable economic conditions without significant price hikes or trade disruptions.

4. International Reactions and Saudi Arabia’s Role:

• Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC): GCC states have condemned Israeli attacks on Iranian territory and reaffirmed their support for de-escalation efforts, emphasizing a peaceful resolution to conflicts through dialogue and understanding.
• Turkey: Turkish President Erdoğan stated that Netanyahu has “surpassed Hitler” in crimes of genocide, condemning Israel’s aggressive practices and emphasizing Turkey’s commitment to stopping Israeli aggression.
• Saudi Arabia’s Stance on Peace: Saudi Arabia is portrayed as a beacon of peace in a world of ongoing conflicts, striving for balance and peaceful resolution of disputes. The Kingdom emphasizes that its engagement in conflicts, like the Russia-Ukraine war, is not out of bias but as a mediator seeking de-escalation. Saudi Arabia’s assistance efforts span over 90 countries globally, reflecting a policy not confined by geography but driven by humanitarian principles.

Saudi Arabia’s Resilient Economy and Diversification Amidst Geopolitical Tensions

The sources provide a comprehensive overview of regional economic growth, particularly highlighting Saudi Arabia’s strong economic performance and ambitious diversification efforts amidst heightened geopolitical tensions in the Middle East.

Here’s a detailed discussion:

1. Saudi Arabia’s Economic Resilience and Global Standing:

• A Leading Model: Saudi Arabia is depicted as a pioneering model at all levels, not just politically, but also economically, driven by a policy of stability, balance, and human values.
• Financial Strength: Economic experts confirm that the Saudi economy enjoys a strong financial and economic position, acting as a “safe haven for capital” due to its robust economic and financial standing and prudent policies. This has allowed it to largely shield the region from the negative impacts of conflict, maintaining stable economic conditions without significant price hikes or trade disruptions.
• Dominant Brand Power: The Kingdom has dominated the list of the strongest public commercial brands in the Middle East, with Saudi brands holding half of the top ten positions by market value according to the “Brand Finance” report. Saudi commercial brands within the top list reached a total value of $75.5 billion, representing 57% of the total market value of the top ten brands in the Middle East. Companies like Saudi Aramco lead the list for the sixth consecutive year, followed by STC, STC Bank, Al Rajhi Bank, and SABIC. This reflects massive investments, the adoption of digital transformation, and enhanced presence in global forums.
• Vision 2030 Alignment: This economic success is directly linked to the Kingdom’s Vision 2030, which aims to empower the private sector and enhance its competitiveness.

2. Impact of Regional Tensions on the Economy:

• Global Economic Repercussions: Economic experts anticipate negative repercussions on the global economy due to the escalating Iran-Israel crisis, causing high anxiety in investment environments.
• Oil and Gas Market Volatility:Oil prices have risen due to fears of supply disruptions from the Iran-Israel conflict. A significant portion of global oil (18-19 million barrels per day) passes through the Strait of Hormuz, and any disruption or closure, as threatened by Iran, could lead to sharp price increases, potentially reaching $150 per barrel.
• European natural gas prices have also surged amidst fears of supply disruptions and increased geopolitical risks, especially given Europe’s heavy reliance on global liquefied natural gas (LNG) flows and reduced dependency on Russian pipeline gas. Disruptions in Qatari LNG exports through the Strait of Hormuz could push gas prices above 100 euros/MWh.
• Increased Shipping Costs: The conflict contributes to increased shipping costs and insurance premiums, which impacts global trade.
• Financial Market Fluctuations: Gulf financial markets have experienced initial drops, though described as “limited,” followed by signs of recovery, indicating market resilience. The US Federal Reserve’s stance on interest rates is also influenced by these tensions, with potential cuts to counter global slowdown.
• Gold Prices: Gold prices have risen, driven by a retreat in the dollar and the escalating tensions, as investors seek safe-haven assets.

3. Saudi Arabia’s Diversification and Investment Initiatives: The Kingdom is actively pursuing economic diversification away from oil, focusing on various sectors in line with Vision 2030:

• Advanced Industrial Capabilities: The Industrial Fund for Investment has entered a strategic partnership with Investindustrial, a leading European investment group, to attract global institutional capital and advanced industrial capabilities to the Kingdom. This aims to strengthen Saudi Arabia’s position as a regional hub for high-value transformative industries. Collaboration focuses on vital sectors such as automation, medical devices, sustainable materials, consumer products, and food products. This partnership supports the “Made in Saudi” initiative and enables Saudi SMEs to integrate into global value chains. The Saudi Industry Forum 2025 is a key event reinforcing this drive for industrial transformation and global partnerships.
• Tourism Sector Boom:Saudi Arabia is significantly investing in its tourism sector, leveraging its unique cultural and historical diversity.
• Expo 2030 in Riyadh is a monumental event expected to add around 355 billion riyals to the non-oil GDP over 25 years, equivalent to about 19% of the 2023 non-oil GDP. It is also projected to generate over 38 billion riyals in visitor spending, creating thousands of jobs and stimulating the hospitality sector with an estimated 100,000 new hotel rooms in Riyadh.
• Projects like NEOM and The Line are highlighted as massive developments that integrate advanced technologies and adhere to high environmental standards.
• The Kingdom is also working to attract international students in tourism-related specialties, creating a unique educational and tourism destination.
• Dates and Palm Industry: Investment in the dates trade is a “promising opportunity,” with significant government support and incentives for investors. The Kingdom is a leading global producer of dates with over 157 date factories, and its date exports increased by 15.9% in 2024 compared to 2023, reaching 1.695 billion riyals.
• Energy Sector Expansion: Saudi Aramco is strengthening its global presence in the LNG market through strategic partnerships, aiming to secure a significant share. These steps are part of the company’s long-term strategy to diversify its investment portfolio and enhance global energy security, including clean energy.

4. Overall Outlook: Despite global economic slowdowns and geopolitical conflicts, Saudi Arabia’s economy demonstrates resilience and confidence due to its proactive policies and strategic vision. Experts emphasize the importance of adopting diversified investment strategies and remaining informed about economic and geopolitical developments to make informed decisions. The Kingdom’s efforts in economic diversification and sustainable development, particularly under Vision 2030, are seen as key drivers for its continued growth and stability in the long term.

Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 Healthcare Transformation

Saudi Arabia has demonstrated a robust and forward-looking approach to healthcare initiatives, driven significantly by the ambitious targets of Vision 2030. The Kingdom’s efforts extend beyond traditional medical services to encompass public health, specialized treatments, and humanitarian care, often integrating advanced technologies and a focus on human well-being.

Here are some key healthcare initiatives and achievements highlighted in the sources:

• Comprehensive Healthcare for Pilgrims:
• Saudi Arabia considers the hospitality and comfort of pilgrims a fundamental principle of state policy, not merely a seasonal task. This is backed by massive governmental efforts and significant financial investments, reflecting a profound religious and moral responsibility.
• During the Hajj season, there has been a 60% increase in bed capacity compared to the previous year, with over 50,000 medical and technical staff dedicated to pilgrim care.
• New facilities include an emergency center at Mina Hospital with 200 beds, and three additional field hospitals with a total capacity exceeding 1200 beds, established in cooperation with various ministries.
• Extensive emergency response infrastructure includes 900 ambulances, 11 aircraft, 71 emergency points, and over 7500 paramedics and medical staff to ensure rapid and effective response in all conditions.
• Innovative medical logistics have been introduced, such as drone technology for rapid medical supply delivery, which can reduce delivery times from hours to as little as 5 minutes in key medical facilities. Air ambulances are also utilized to bypass ground congestion.
• Over 125,000 health services were provided, including over 4,800 hospitalizations, 2,156 intensive care cases, 16 open-heart surgeries, and numerous cardiac catheterization procedures.
• Over 1.4 million pilgrims received preventive care at entry points.
• The Health Center at Buraidah Pilgrims City provided therapeutic, preventive, and educational services to hundreds of beneficiaries, including vaccinations against meningitis and seasonal flu, and health awareness programs on proper nutrition and heatstroke prevention.
• Smooth departure processes for pilgrims are ensured at airports like Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz International Airport in Medina, with continuous flights and efficient baggage handling under the supervision of the Permanent Committee for Hajj, Umrah, and Visit.
• Advanced Medical Procedures and Technology:
• Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Hospital in Al-Suwaidi successfully performed an advanced endoscopic surgery for a patient with a slipped disc and spinal canal stenosis, demonstrating the use of innovative two-portal endoscopy that offers less pain and faster recovery without the need for spinal fixation.
• The Prince Sultan Center for Cardiac Surgery in Qassim achieved success in minimally invasive heart surgeries using endoscopy, avoiding the traditional sternum incision. These procedures for mitral valve conditions showcased the use of precise instruments and cameras, leading to quicker patient recovery.
• The Medina Health Cluster highlighted the efficiency of its “Injuries and Accidents Pathway”, which demonstrated rapid response and coordinated care between emergency and specialized medical teams in critical cases of trauma.
• Specialized Healthcare and Community Support:
• The Qassim Health Cluster achieved accreditation for its Sleep Disorders Center at King Fahad Specialized Hospital in Buraidah. This center offers advanced diagnostic and treatment services for various sleep disorders, equipped with modern technology and a specialized medical team adhering to global standards.
• The “Ta’afi” Charitable Association for Recovered Drug and Psychotropic Substance Addicts plays a crucial role in the rehabilitation of individuals recovering from addiction, helping them reintegrate as productive members of society. This initiative is part of broader governmental efforts to combat drug abuse through awareness and comprehensive care for addicts and their families.
• The “Wiqayah” (Prevention) Public Health Office in Najran is responsible for licensing and qualifying health service providers, in addition to overseeing health awareness and education campaigns.
• The Saudi Charitable Society for Liver Patients “Kabdak” in Qassim entered a partnership to provide integrated and specialized medical services to liver patients, including discounted medical tests and awareness programs, aiming for sustainable health development and community partnership.
• The “Dam” Charitable Society for Friends of Blood Banks in Qassim is actively promoting a culture of blood donation and raising community awareness about its importance.
• Public Health and Regulatory Measures:
• The General Authority for Food and Drug is implementing new technical food regulations by July 2025. These regulations aim to enhance transparency by requiring food establishments to display nutritional information, including calorie counts, high-salt indicators, and caffeine content, to help consumers make informed and healthier choices. This also encourages a balanced lifestyle and aligns with global health recommendations for sodium and caffeine intake.
• Holistic Well-being and Family Health:
• A study indicated that strong family relationships contribute to children’s peaceful sleep. Parental involvement, shared family meals, and social activities were found to positively impact sleep patterns, while excessive electronic device use negatively affected them. This highlights a focus on holistic well-being that extends beyond clinical treatment to social and familial factors.

Overall, Saudi Arabia’s healthcare initiatives are characterized by a strong commitment to quality, innovation, and comprehensive care, particularly evident in its extensive services for pilgrims and its adoption of advanced medical technologies. These efforts are part of a broader vision to enhance the quality of life and promote sustainable development across all sectors.

Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030: Cultural Heritage Initiatives

Saudi Arabia is actively pursuing a comprehensive strategy to enhance and preserve its cultural heritage, a cornerstone of its ambitious Vision 2030. These initiatives span various domains, from safeguarding archaeological sites to revitalizing traditional arts and celebrating local customs.

Here are some key aspects of Saudi Arabia’s cultural heritage initiatives:

• Archaeological Site Preservation and Documentation
• The Heritage Authority has significantly expanded the National Antiquities Register by adding 744 new archaeological sites. This brings the total number of registered sites to 10,061.
• These newly registered sites are distributed across various regions of the Kingdom, including Makkah (253 sites), Riyadh (167), Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah (11), Qassim (30), Eastern Province (13), Asir (64), Tabuk (72), Hail (13), Northern Borders (2), Jazan (23), Najran (86), and Al-Jouf (10).
• This effort aims to document and protect historical and cultural sites, reinforcing the Kingdom’s commitment to preserving its cultural heritage for future generations.
• The Heritage Authority encourages community participation in this endeavor, urging citizens and residents to report unregistered archaeological sites through the “Balagh” platform, official social media accounts, or the unified security operations center (911). This highlights the belief that community involvement is fundamental to protecting and developing national heritage.
• Revitalization of Traditional Arts and Crafts
• The year 2025 has been designated to celebrate handicrafts, underscoring their importance in shaping cultural identity and consciousness.
• Al-Rawashin (traditional wooden windows): This art form is highlighted as a unique fusion of function, beauty, and technology. Its revival is seen as a means to refine public taste, stimulate the local economy, and strengthen cultural identity. The crafting process involves meticulous steps, from precise measurements and selection of durable woods to intricate cutting, skillful assembly, and diverse ornamentation, reflecting a high level of craftsmanship.
• Al-Hasawi Bisht (traditional cloak from Al-Ahsa): This garment is a symbol of authenticity, luxury, and deep-rooted cultural identity. Al-Ahsa Governorate has a long history in crafting the Bisht, maintaining its quality, precision, and excellence across the Arab world despite the rise of automated manufacturing. Its intricate “Karmak” embroidery, using gold, silver, or silk threads, can take up to two weeks of skilled handwork. The Bisht’s global appeal and symbolic value, representing dignity, belonging, and elegance, contribute to the Ministry of Culture’s goal of establishing handicrafts as a sustainable economic and cultural pillar. It comes in various materials, including Kashmiri and Japanese fabrics with German zari, and different colors. Specialized winter Bishts are woven from camel wool, with the finest being a silk and wool blend. The craft’s secrets are largely preserved by traditional families in Al-Ahsa.
• Religious and Historical Landmarks
• Significant investments have been made in expanding religious sites, such as the Grand Mosque in Makkah, with costs exceeding 200 billion SAR.
• The Prophet’s Mosque in Medina is adorned with 27 movable domes, each weighing around 80 tons, showcasing a unique architectural design that combines grandeur with smooth movement. These domes aid in sound distribution and temperature regulation within the mosque. The mosque also features 10 towering minarets, reflecting various stages of Islamic architectural development. The “South-Eastern Minaret” is particularly notable due to its proximity to the Green Dome.
• Efforts are continuously made to ensure the smooth flow of visitors within the Prophet’s Mosque, especially in areas like Al-Rawdah Al-Sharifa. The Women’s Religious Affairs Agency has launched initiatives like “Al-Muhajjah in Dhul-Hijjah” to enrich the experience of female visitors by promoting Islamic values and moderation.
• Cultural Expressions and Experiences
• The coastal town of Omq offers a unique culinary heritage experience, famous for its traditional “Tannour” fish (Mifa fish), cooked in clay ovens and served with local bread. This highlights the preservation of traditional food practices and attracts visitors.
• Literary works like “Ahadith Rakb Al-Hajeej Wal-Qawafil” delve into the historical narrative of regions like Rabigh and Al-Juhfa, connecting them to the sacred rites of Hajj and Umrah.
• Cultural Infrastructure and Innovation
• The establishment of the Diriyah Arts for the Future Center as the first specialized center for new media arts in the Middle East and North Africa region demonstrates a focus on contemporary cultural expression alongside traditional arts. Its program, including the “Mechanization: Archaeology of New Media Arts in the Arab World” exhibition, explores the innovative re-employment of technology in art.
• There is a vision for future cultural development, with discussions around establishing fine arts museums in major cities like Riyadh and Jeddah, and potentially dedicated museums for pioneering artists, reflecting a desire to further institutionalize and promote the arts.

Overall, Saudi Arabia’s cultural heritage initiatives are multifaceted, aiming not only to preserve its rich past but also to dynamically integrate it with contemporary advancements and foster a vibrant cultural future.

By Amjad Izhar
Contact: amjad.izhar@gmail.com
https://amjadizhar.blog

Affiliate Disclosure: This blog may contain affiliate links, which means I may earn a small commission if you click on the link and make a purchase. This comes at no additional cost to you. I only recommend products or services that I believe will add value to my readers. Your support helps keep this blog running and allows me to continue providing you with quality content. Thank you for your support!

This source, an issue of the Al-Riyadh newspaper from June 18, 2025, covers a diverse range of topics relevant to Saudi Arabia and the broader Middle East. It reports on the final approval of Riyadh’s bid for Expo 2030 and features articles on economic stability, energy security, and the Kingdom’s role in humanitarian aid, particularly in Syria and Yemen. The newspaper also highlights domestic initiatives like data classification training for government employees, educational grants for non-Saudis, and the privatization of sports clubs, reflecting the nation’s modernization efforts. Furthermore, it touches upon geopolitical tensions, with a focus on Saudi Arabia’s diplomatic stance regarding the Israeli-Iranian conflict, and includes general news on cultural events, sports, and local community matters.

Riyadh Secures Expo 2030 Hosting Rights

The file for “Expo 2030 Riyadh” has received final approval during the General Assembly meeting of the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE) in Paris, the French capital. This approval marks the final stage for the host country’s registration.

The Kingdom’s delegation also received the flag of the International Expo. The delegation was led by His Excellency the Minister of State, Member of the Council of Ministers, and President of the Royal Commission for Riyadh City, Eng. Mohammed bin Ibrahim Al-Sultan, and was attended by the Ambassador of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques to the French Republic, Fahd bin Mayouf Al-Ruwaili, and other officials.

During the meeting, the main components of the file were reviewed, which serve as a reference embodying the Kingdom’s vision to organize an exceptional edition of the exhibition. This vision reflects the Kingdom’s ambitions and is based on progress, innovation, and international cooperation.

His Excellency expressed thanks and gratitude to the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, and His Royal Highness Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Crown Prince and Chairman of the Council of Ministers, for their continuous support for the Kingdom’s hosting of this important global exhibition. The approval of the registration file in record time demonstrates the Kingdom’s leading position and strong international trust. It is also considered a significant step reflecting the professionalism of the teams involved in preparing and reviewing the file. This prepares the Kingdom for organizing an unprecedented and exceptional phase in the history of international Expos, aligning with the objectives of Vision 2030.

Foundations of Global Energy Security

Energy security is regarded not as a luxury, but as a fundamental pillar for achieving comprehensive development and growth. Its absence can disrupt essential sectors such as healthcare, education, economic productivity, environmental sustainability, and even critical processes like water extraction and food security.

The importance of energy security has been heightened by ongoing geopolitical tensions, market fluctuations, and increasing global demand for energy. This evolving landscape necessitates a strategic approach that involves diversifying energy sources, investing in clean technologies, and implementing innovative financing solutions to accelerate access to energy and enhance long-term energy security.

According to the Minister of Finance, Mohammed Al-Jadaan, addressing energy poverty, which affects approximately 2.2 billion people globally, is a key component of economic policies aimed at fostering prosperity and overcoming developmental challenges. He emphasizes that development banks must act effectively to tackle these challenges.

Al-Jadaan outlined four main axes for multilateral development banks to enhance energy security:

1. Supporting All Energy Sources Multilateral development banks should support all energy sources without bias. He cautioned against policies that are unrealistic in reducing emissions by excluding major energy sources or neglecting investments in them, as such approaches can lead to significant challenges in energy markets and have disproportionate negative impacts on developing nations.
2. Providing Concessional Financing It is crucial for multilateral development banks to offer concessional financing to accelerate meeting energy access needs in regions suffering from shortages. Al-Jadaan highlighted initiatives like “Mission 300” in Africa, which aims to provide energy to 300 million people, and the “Forward 7” Clean Fuel Solutions initiative, which seeks to provide clean fuel solutions to millions worldwide. These initiatives are supported by various international partners, including the World Bank, Islamic Development Bank, OPEC Fund for International Development, and the International Islamic Trade Finance Corporation (ITFC).
3. Reducing Investment Risks Efforts must be made to reduce investment risks within the energy sector to encourage greater private sector participation. This can be achieved through various tools, such as partial risk guarantees, political risk insurance, and blended finance structures, which help mitigate anticipated risks and improve the fundability of energy projects, particularly in low-income and high-risk countries.
4. Investing in Emerging Technologies Increased investment in nascent energy technologies is essential, including carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) and more sustainable applications for hydrocarbon materials. These investments are vital for supporting the energy transition while simultaneously ensuring energy security on the path towards net-zero emissions.

Al-Jadaan stressed that the repercussions of energy poverty are not geographically confined, affecting all countries through economic instability, increased humanitarian burdens, and rising migration pressures. Saudi Arabia is committed to working with all parties to enhance energy security and eradicate energy poverty, while persistently striving to address climate change. The Kingdom has set an ambitious goal to generate 50% of its electricity from renewable sources by 2030 and achieve net-zero emissions by 2060, aligning with the Circular Carbon Economy model. This cooperative approach among nations in strengthening energy security is seen as the optimal pathway for achieving fair and sustainable development that benefits everyone.

Saudi Arabia: Stability Through Dialogue and Energy Security

Regional stability is considered a fundamental pillar for achieving comprehensive development and growth. Its absence can disrupt essential sectors such as healthcare, education, economic productivity, environmental sustainability, and even critical processes like water extraction and food security.

The importance of regional stability has been heightened by ongoing geopolitical tensions, market fluctuations, and increasing global demand for energy. This evolving landscape necessitates a strategic approach that involves diversifying energy sources, investing in clean technologies, and implementing innovative financing solutions to accelerate access to energy and enhance long-term energy security.

Saudi Arabia’s Role and Vision: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia adopts a clear and consistent approach in regional and international affairs, founded on principles of respect for sovereignty and non-interference in internal affairs. It consistently seeks to resolve disputes through dialogue and peaceful means.

The Kingdom expresses deep concern over dangerous escalations, such as the one between Israel and Iran, recognizing the severe consequences this could have on the security and stability of the entire region. Saudi Arabia’s consistent calls for de-escalation and the prevailing of reason stem from a deep belief that regional stability can only be achieved through mutual understanding and self-restraint.

Saudi Arabia’s foreign policy, particularly under the guidance of His Royal Highness Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Crown Prince and Chairman of the Council of Ministers, emphasizes strengthening stability and sustainable development, economic diversification, and regional cooperation, in alignment with Vision 2030 objectives. The Kingdom’s diplomatic efforts include continuous meetings and phone calls with international leaders to de-escalate tensions and promote stability.

The Kingdom explicitly condemns actions that violate the sovereignty and security of nations, viewing such acts as gross violations of international laws and norms. It emphasizes the rejection of using force to settle disputes and reiterates the necessity of dialogue as a basis for resolving disagreements.

Energy Security as a Pillar of Stability: According to the Minister of Finance, Mohammed Al-Jadaan, addressing energy poverty, which affects approximately 2.2 billion people globally, is a key component of economic policies aimed at fostering prosperity and overcoming developmental challenges. He stresses that multilateral development banks (MDBs) must act effectively to tackle these challenges.

Al-Jadaan outlined four main axes for MDBs to enhance energy security, which in turn contributes to regional stability:

1. Supporting All Energy Sources: MDBs should support all energy sources without bias. Policies that are unrealistic in reducing emissions by excluding major energy sources or neglecting investments in them can lead to significant challenges in energy markets and have disproportionate negative impacts on developing nations.
2. Providing Concessional Financing: It is crucial for MDBs to offer concessional financing to accelerate meeting energy access needs in regions suffering from shortages. Al-Jadaan highlighted initiatives like “Mission 300” in Africa, aiming to provide energy to 300 million people, and the “Forward 7” Clean Fuel Solutions initiative, which seeks to provide clean fuel solutions to millions worldwide. These initiatives are supported by various international partners, including the World Bank, Islamic Development Bank, OPEC Fund for International Development, and the International Islamic Trade Finance Corporation (ITFC).
3. Reducing Investment Risks: Efforts must be made to reduce investment risks within the energy sector to encourage greater private sector participation. This can be achieved through various tools, such as partial risk guarantees, political risk insurance, and blended finance structures, which help mitigate anticipated risks and improve the fundability of energy projects, particularly in low-income and high-risk countries.
4. Investing in Emerging Technologies: Increased investment in nascent energy technologies is essential, including carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) and more sustainable applications for hydrocarbon materials. These investments are vital for supporting the energy transition while simultaneously ensuring energy security on the path towards net-zero emissions.

Al-Jadaan emphasized that the repercussions of energy poverty are not geographically confined, affecting all countries through economic instability, increased humanitarian burdens, and rising migration pressures. Saudi Arabia is committed to working with all parties to enhance energy security and eradicate energy poverty, while persistently striving to address climate change. The Kingdom has set an ambitious goal to generate 50% of its electricity from renewable sources by 2030 and achieve net-zero emissions by 2060, aligning with the Circular Carbon Economy model. This cooperative approach among nations in strengthening energy security is seen as the optimal pathway for achieving fair and sustainable development that benefits everyone.

Addressing Root Causes of Conflict: From a Saudi perspective, sustainable peace requires de-escalation of tensions, the involvement of all parties in a comprehensive dialogue, and addressing the root causes of conflicts such as economic disparity and political marginalization. Building national unity and providing equal opportunities for all citizens without discrimination are also highlighted as crucial steps to prevent external interventions and ensure stability. Alliances and cooperation are deemed important for territorial integrity, border security, and the flow of essential resources like water, contributing to stability and development.

Saudi Arabia’s Digital Transformation for Vision 2030

Digital Transformation is a fundamental aspect of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030, aiming for a comprehensive developmental transformation across various sectors. The Kingdom strives to become a global model in e-government and smart services, leveraging technology and innovation to achieve its ambitious goals.

Key aspects of digital transformation and its impact include:

• Vision 2030 as a Catalyst: The “Vision 2030” initiative, launched in 2016, is not merely a development plan but a comprehensive national project designed to reshape the nation’s future. It seeks to build a prosperous economy, a vibrant society, and an ambitious nation by diversifying income sources beyond oil, integrating new sectors such as technology, tourism, entertainment, renewable energy, and national industries. This vision aims to foster significant economic growth and create investment opportunities, leading to the highest economic growth rates in the region.
• Data and Artificial Intelligence (AI): The Saudi Data and Artificial Intelligence Authority (SDAIA) plays a crucial role in enhancing national capabilities in data classification. SDAIA has launched a training program for over 400 government employees, covering fundamental concepts, benefits, risks, and regulatory tools related to data classification. This initiative aims to improve data governance and efficiency within government entities, ultimately supporting decision-making processes and contributing to Vision 2030 objectives.
• Smart Cities and Infrastructure: Digital transformation is integral to the development of smart, sustainable cities. For instance, the “Infrastructure Projects Management Center” in Riyadh has implemented an automated notification service for residents and businesses. This service provides advance notice via text messages about ongoing infrastructure work (roads, water, electricity, telecommunications) in their vicinity, allowing for better planning and alternative route selection. This enhances transparency and aims to increase satisfaction with infrastructure projects by providing timely information. Smart operational designs are also being developed for public transport stations to facilitate movement, aligning with the goal of creating high-quality urban services.
• Enhanced Public Services:
• Judicial Services: The Virtual Notary Office has processed over 22,000 notarial operations remotely via the “Najiz” platform, including agencies, declarations, personal status, and real estate matters. This digital approach significantly reduces time and effort for beneficiaries, enabling them to access comprehensive notarial services 24/7 through secure digital channels.
• Healthcare: The Qassim Health Cluster has renewed accreditation for several primary healthcare centers, demonstrating continuous efforts to improve healthcare quality and patient trust through integrated development programs and rehabilitation initiatives. These advancements align with the Health Transformation Program and Vision 2030, focusing on enhancing quality of life and healthcare service efficiency.
• Sports and Entertainment: The Saudi sports media landscape is undergoing a radical shift with the adoption of digital platforms for broadcasting. The selection of “Thmanyah,” a company with no prior live broadcasting experience but a strong background in podcasts and audio storytelling, to manage broadcasting rights reflects a move towards smart sports broadcasting. This aims to transform the audience experience from passive viewing to active participation, providing a unified platform for all major tournaments in high-definition quality with flexible subscription models, archives, and interactive features. This transformation is supported by a significant increase in digital engagement with club accounts and international viewership.
• Cultural Sector: The Ministry of Culture actively uses technology to redefine the cultural experience. The “Culture Field” in Jeddah integrates art, technology, and nature to create immersive experiences, transforming heritage into creative platforms. Similarly, the “Terhal” show combines theatrical performances with light, human, and AI technologies to present a narrative deeply rooted in Saudi culture and heritage, aiming to provide a globally competitive artistic experience. Saudi Arabia’s participation in international events like the Beijing International Book Fair also highlights the use of cultural exchange to promote Saudi literature and artistic talent globally.

Overall, digital transformation in Saudi Arabia, driven by Vision 2030, is about harnessing technological advancements to foster economic diversification, improve public services, enhance quality of life, and strengthen the Kingdom’s global standing in various domains.

Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 Sports Investment Transformation

Sports investment in Saudi Arabia is a pivotal component of the nation’s ambitious Vision 2030, aimed at achieving comprehensive developmental transformation across various sectors. The Kingdom is actively reshaping its sports landscape, transitioning from a model reliant on government support to a self-sustaining, industry-driven approach that fosters economic growth, enhances quality of life, and elevates its global standing.

Strategic Shift: From Support to Self-Sufficiency Historically, Saudi sports clubs depended heavily on government funding and contributions from honorary members. However, this model became insufficient to meet the evolving demands and ambitions of the sector. Vision 2030 initiated a fundamental change, embracing club privatization as a strategic move to stimulate the sports industry. The goal is to transform clubs into professional, investment-driven institutions capable of generating their own income, thereby reducing the financial burden on the state and ensuring long-term sustainability. This qualitative shift aims to make sports not just a game, but an integrated industry and economy.

Economic Impact and Growth Indicators: The privatization and investment efforts have already yielded positive results.

• Increased Fan Engagement and Viewership: There’s been a significant surge in digital engagement on club accounts, rising by 80% since mid-2023, and international viewership for the league has more than doubled, increasing by 126% in less than a year. This indicates a growing global interest in Saudi football.
• Attracting Global Talent: The influx of world-class players like Ronaldo, Benzema, Kanté, Mahrez, Mané, and Firmino has significantly elevated the artistic, marketing, and media appeal of the Saudi League.
• Market Growth: The global sports digital broadcasting market is projected to reach over $65 billion by 2028, growing at an annual rate exceeding 11%, demonstrating the vast potential for digital sports investments. Advertising spending on digital platforms is also expected to surpass $89 billion globally in 2025, driven by targeted advertising and behavioral data analysis, further enhancing the league’s attractiveness to advertisers.
• Infrastructure Development: The transformation includes significant investment in infrastructure across the nation, supporting projects like metro systems, railways, and modern airports, which indirectly benefit sports infrastructure.

Digital Transformation in Sports Broadcasting: A major aspect of sports investment is the radical shift in broadcasting from traditional television to digital platforms.

• New Broadcasting Models: The selection of “Thmanyah,” a company known for podcasts and audio storytelling but new to live broadcasting, to manage broadcasting rights, signifies a move towards smart sports broadcasting. This aims to transform the audience experience from passive viewing to active participation.
• Unified Digital Platforms: “Thmanyah” is set to offer a unified platform for major tournaments, including the Roshan League, King’s Cup, Super Cup, and Yelo League, in high-definition (FHD) and 4K quality. This platform will feature flexible subscription models, comprehensive archives, and interactive functionalities, similar to global platforms like DAZN and Apple TV.
• Youth Preference: Reports indicate that a significant portion of younger audiences (18-34) prefer consuming sports content on mobile devices and digital platforms over traditional television.

Challenges and Opportunities: Despite the rapid growth, the Saudi sports sector faces challenges:

• Revenue Generation: Club revenues do not yet fully meet ambitions, partly due to factors like low ticket prices, which cater to a youth demographic with limited purchasing power.
• Stadium Environment: The current stadium environment and services require further enhancement to attract larger audiences and improve the overall fan experience.
• Counterfeit Products: Clubs’ retail operations are impacted by the prevalence of counterfeit merchandise in the market, reducing sales of original products.

To address these challenges, specialized companies are encouraged to manage clubs, opening new avenues for revenue through smart marketing, sponsorships, and broadcasting rights. Expanding the fan base both locally and internationally, along with attracting more investors, are crucial opportunities. Tools like partial risk guarantees, political risk insurance, and blended finance structures can help mitigate investment risks and make energy (and by extension, other sectors like sports) projects more fundable.

Governmental Support and Vision: The Saudi leadership, particularly under His Royal Highness Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Crown Prince and Chairman of the Council of Ministers, emphasizes strengthening stability, sustainable development, economic diversification, and regional cooperation, all aligned with Vision 2030 objectives. The “Quality of Life program,” a key Vision 2030 initiative, has driven significant improvements in sports, culture, and entertainment sectors. The Ministry of Culture also uses technology to redefine cultural experiences, linking art, technology, and nature to transform heritage into creative platforms.

Ultimately, the privatization of Saudi clubs is seen as a crucial step towards transforming Saudi sports into a “soft power” that contributes to shaping a modern national identity based on efficiency, competition, and high ambition.

By Amjad Izhar
Contact: amjad.izhar@gmail.com
https://amjadizhar.blog

Affiliate Disclosure: This blog may contain affiliate links, which means I may earn a small commission if you click on the link and make a purchase. This comes at no additional cost to you. I only recommend products or services that I believe will add value to my readers. Your support helps keep this blog running and allows me to continue providing you with quality content. Thank you for your support!

The provided sources discuss a variety of topics primarily centered on Saudi Arabia’s economic and societal developments, particularly within the framework of Vision 2030. Several articles highlight the importance of oil and gas amidst geopolitical tensions, emphasizing Aramco’s role as a key economic pillar and its efforts towards diversification and sustainable energy solutions. Other texts touch upon urban development initiatives like the “City Walk” project and efforts to enhance public services, while also addressing social programs aimed at employment and community well-being. Furthermore, there are segments detailing international relations and regional conflicts, specifically the ongoing tensions between Iran and Israel and their impact on global oil markets, and the broader humanitarian implications in Gaza. Finally, the sources include reports on Saudi initiatives in media, sports, and cultural innovation, demonstrating a broad commitment to progress and global engagement.

Oil Market Dynamics: Geopolitics, Supply, and Investment Challenges

Oil market instability is currently a significant global concern, largely influenced by ongoing geopolitical conflicts, supply dynamics, and investment trends.

Here’s a detailed discussion:

• Impact of Geopolitical Conflicts:
• The importance of oil and gas cannot be underestimated during times of conflict, a reality currently being observed. The history has shown that when conflicts occur, the significance of oil and gas cannot be downplayed.
• Ongoing threats to energy security continue to raise global concern.
• Recently, oil prices jumped after Israel carried out strikes on Iran, which heightened fears of an escalating regional conflict. The direct military confrontation between the two long-standing adversaries, Israel and Iran, has raised concerns among global leaders about a potential wider regional conflict.
• This has led to increased volatility in oil prices, with Brent crude and West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude experiencing fluctuations. Both benchmarks saw significant jumps, indicating market sensitivity to these tensions.
• The potential for Iran to escalate the conflict by targeting Israeli interests or even choking the Strait of Hormuz could push global oil prices significantly higher, possibly to $100 per barrel.
• The Strait of Hormuz is a critical choke point, a narrow waterway between Iran and Oman, through which nearly one-fifth of the world’s total oil consumption (around 20 million barrels per day) passes. Most crude oil from OPEC members like Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Kuwait, and Iraq passes through this strait, especially towards Asia.
• Any Iranian action to close or delay transit through the Strait could trigger significant concern in energy markets and disrupt global oil and gas supplies.
• Supply and Demand Dynamics:
• Despite geopolitical tensions, one factor that could help keep crude oil prices in check is the current abundance of global oil supplies.
• However, there are conflicting forecasts regarding future oil demand. The OPEC Secretary General stated that global oil demand will continue to grow without a foreseeable peak, expecting it to reach 120 million barrels per day by 2050.
• In contrast, the International Energy Agency (IEA) forecasts that demand will peak at 102 million barrels per day by 2028 or before 2030, with production declining to 97 million barrels per day by 2050.
• Investment and Production Challenges:
• There is a significant underinvestment in the oil and gas industry. OPEC has warned about declining oil supplies from non-OPEC producers, including US shale oil, due to lower oil prices.
• This lack of investment contributes to supply constraints and fuels oil price volatility. High government taxes on upstream investments have also reduced company profits, making investments less attractive.
• The transition to net-zero emissions could cost up to $200 trillion, and renewable energy sources currently do not meet existing demand. As a result, energy security and cost affordability have recently joined sustainability as pivotal goals for the energy transition.
• Saudi Aramco, as a global energy giant, continues to achieve strong results across all its upstream and downstream operations, including oil, gas, refining, chemicals, energy transition, and sustainability. The company reported significant net profit for Q1 2025, driven by higher sales volumes of crude oil, gas, and refined and chemical products.
• Aramco is progressing with efforts to increase its gas production and expand its global retail business, alongside developing its petrochemical strategy and blue hydrogen initiatives.
• The company’s reserve capacity provides the necessary flexibility to meet potential growth in oil demand. Saudi Aramco is also investing in long-term projects to increase its crude oil production capacity in the coming years to maintain its maximum sustained production capacity and ensure reliable energy supplies to its customers.

Geopolitics, Oil, and Global Market Stability

Geopolitical conflicts have a profound and destabilizing impact on the oil market, a reality currently being observed. Historically, the significance of oil and gas cannot be downplayed during times of conflict, and ongoing threats to energy security continue to raise global concern.

Here’s a breakdown of the impact of geopolitical conflicts on oil market instability:

• Direct Impact on Oil Prices and Volatility
• Oil prices jumped significantly after Israel carried out strikes on Iran, which heightened fears of an escalating regional conflict.
• This led to increased volatility in oil prices, with Brent crude and West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude experiencing notable fluctuations. Both benchmarks saw significant jumps of more than $4 per barrel on Friday, reaching their highest levels since January.
• The direct military confrontation between these long-standing adversaries, Israel and Iran, raises concerns among global leaders about a potential wider regional conflict.
• The escalation could push global oil prices significantly higher, possibly to $100 per barrel, especially if Iran chooses to respond outside Israeli borders.
• Threats to Critical Choke Points
• The Strait of Hormuz is identified as the most sensitive and critical choke point for global oil shipping.
• Nearly one-fifth of the world’s total oil consumption, approximately 20 million barrels per day, passes through this narrow waterway between Iran and Oman.
• Most crude oil from OPEC members like Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Kuwait, and Iraq passes through this strait, especially towards Asia.
• Any Iranian action to close or delay transit through the Strait could trigger significant concern in energy markets and disrupt global oil and gas supplies.
• Such a scenario would likely lead to a sharp increase in oil prices, potentially pushing them into the triple digits.
• While Saudi Arabia and the UAE have developed alternative pipelines to bypass the Strait of Hormuz, these routes may still be vulnerable to regional threats, such as attacks from Iran-backed Houthis in Yemen. For countries like Iraq and Kuwait, bypassing the Strait is considerably more difficult due to their geographical location.
• Broader Economic and Market Reactions
• The escalating conflict has increased demand for safe-haven assets like gold, reflecting heightened investor anxiety, even though gold prices might still experience profit-taking.
• Despite the tensions, global stock markets, particularly in Asia, have shown some resilience, suggesting that investors might be pricing in a potential de-escalation rather than a prolonged conflict.
• The strength of the dollar has also been noted, benefiting from increased demand for safe havens and its status as a currency of a major oil-exporting nation.
• Supply Dynamics and Mitigating Factors
• Despite geopolitical tensions, one factor that could help keep crude oil prices in check is the current abundance of global oil supplies.
• However, ongoing geopolitical issues contribute to supply constraints and fuel oil price volatility due to underinvestment in the oil and gas industry.
• Aramco’s Perspective and Resilience
• Saudi Aramco, as a global energy giant, emphasizes that the importance of oil and gas cannot be underestimated during times of conflict.
• The company has continued to achieve strong financial results despite market volatility, driven by its unique advantages such as size, reliability, low operating costs, and advanced technologies.
• Aramco’s reserve capacity provides the necessary flexibility to meet potential growth in oil demand and utilize spare capacity to meet supply needs during disruptions.
• The company is strategically investing in increasing its crude oil production capacity and expanding its gas production to ensure reliable energy supplies.
• Saudi Arabia’s Stance on Conflict
• Saudi Arabia has condemned the Israeli attacks on Iran, stating they are a blatant violation of Iran’s sovereignty and security and contravene international law.
• The Kingdom stresses the importance of the international community taking responsibility to find political solutions and de-escalate tensions.
• Saudi leadership actively engages in continuous communication with global leaders and influential parties to address regional developments and promote cooperation instead of conflict.
• Saudi Arabia believes political and diplomatic solutions are the optimal path to ensure regional prosperity and integration, aiming to move the region from conflicts to cooperation and economic development. It sees itself as a fundamental pillar of stability and a key factor in promoting global peace.

In summary, geopolitical conflicts, particularly the recent Israel-Iran tensions, significantly impact oil market instability by causing price volatility, raising fears of supply disruptions via critical choke points like the Strait of Hormuz, and influencing broader market sentiment. While the current abundance of global oil supplies might offer some cushioning, the underlying threats to energy security highlight the enduring importance of oil and gas and the need for diplomatic solutions to maintain regional and global stability.

Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030: Economic Diversification and Growth

Economic diversification is a central pillar of Saudi Arabia’s strategic vision, primarily articulated through Vision 2030, aimed at reducing the Kingdom’s reliance on oil and fostering a more robust and sustainable economy. This long-term strategy seeks to build a modern and prosperous state with a powerful economic influence regionally and globally, specifically by diversifying sources of income and enhancing the Kingdom’s capacity to re-employ its potential.

Here’s a detailed discussion of economic diversification, drawing on the provided sources:

• Core Objectives and Rationale:
• The primary goal is to reduce the Kingdom’s dependence on oil revenues, which historically have formed the largest portion of its income.
• This diversification is a direct response to, and a buffer against, the instability and volatility inherent in oil markets. As mentioned in our previous conversation, oil market instability is a significant concern due to geopolitical conflicts and supply dynamics.
• It aims to create a strong and influential economy that is less susceptible to fluctuations in global oil prices, thereby ensuring long-term stability and prosperity.
• Key Strategies and Initiatives:
• Vision 2030 as the Framework: The ambitious goals are pursued through a series of qualitative policies, programs, and plans under Vision 2030.
• Structural Reforms and Investment Environment: Recent achievements are attributed to a series of structural reforms implemented as part of Vision 2030. These reforms have strengthened economic diversification, lessened reliance on oil, and created a safe and attractive environment for foreign investment. This includes enhancing investment facilities.
• Role of the Public Investment Fund (PIF): The PIF plays a crucial role by harnessing the potential of promising local sectors to support economic diversification and contribute to the growth of the non-oil gross domestic product (GDP).
• Private Sector Empowerment: The strategy emphasizes the private sector’s vital role in development and construction, which has propelled the Kingdom to advanced positions in global competitiveness indicators.
• Diversification into New Sectors:
• Construction and Infrastructure: The real estate and construction sectors are experiencing rapid activity, supported by anticipated expansion in major housing and infrastructure projects. This is evident in the 14% increase in cement sales in May 2025, reaching 4.8 million tons, reflecting robust activity and future growth driven by projects like the 2034 FIFA World Cup and Expo 2030.
• Technology and Innovation: There is significant progress in the environment for entrepreneurship, especially in indicators of venture capital and infrastructure for the entrepreneurial ecosystem. This includes rising levels of innovation and investment in emerging technologies. Key sectors highlighted are Artificial Intelligence, financial technologies, cybersecurity, smart cities, and digital health, which are fundamental pillars of the Kingdom’s economic transformation plans.
• Tourism and Aviation: Efforts are underway to strengthen the Kingdom’s position as a global center for aviation and tourism. Riyadh Air, for instance, aims to serve over 100 global destinations by 2030, contributing to the National Aviation and Tourism Strategies. Similarly, AviLease’s significant aircraft orders reinforce its commitment to sustainable aviation and aligns with PIF’s goals of supporting economic growth and diversifying income sources.
• Media and Entertainment: The Saudi media sector has undergone a significant transformation, with its size projected to exceed $11 billion by 2030 from $6 billion in 2023. Its contribution to GDP is also expected to rise from $4 billion to $12 billion in the same period, with job creation increasing from 60,000 to 150,000. This includes the growth of Saudi films gaining international awards and the gaming sector expanding remarkably, demonstrated by events like “Gamers8” attracting 1.2 billion views.
• Aramco’s Internal Diversification: Even Aramco, the national oil giant, is actively diversifying its own operations. It is increasing its gas production and expanding its global retail business, alongside developing its petrochemical strategy and blue hydrogen initiatives. Its reserve capacity provides flexibility to meet potential oil demand growth and to utilize spare capacity during disruptions. Aramco is also investing in long-term projects to increase its crude oil production capacity to maintain its maximum sustained production capacity and ensure reliable energy supplies.
• Economic Outlook and Impact:
• The Kingdom’s economy is moving confidently towards achieving the aspirations of Vision 2030, aiming to become one of the 15 largest economies in the world.
• A World Bank report indicates that the Saudi economy is set to overcome a period of growth slowdown experienced in 2023 (due to voluntary oil production cuts) and will enter a phase of accelerating growth starting from the current year. This growth is largely driven by the expansion of non-oil sectors.
• The diversified approach has allowed Saudi Arabia to achieve success and overcome challenges that have negatively affected other global economies.
• Despite ongoing geopolitical tensions, the resilience of global stock markets, particularly in Asia, has been noted, suggesting that investors might be pricing in a potential de-escalation rather than a prolonged conflict, partly due to underlying robust economic policies including diversification.

In summary, Saudi Arabia’s economic diversification, primarily driven by Vision 2030, involves a comprehensive strategy of structural reforms, significant investments in non-oil sectors like technology, tourism, aviation, media, and construction, and the empowerment of the private sector. These efforts are not only boosting economic growth and creating jobs but also strengthening the Kingdom’s resilience against the inherent volatilities of the global oil market, making its economy more robust and globally competitive.

Saudi Vision 2030: Regional Economic Transformation

Economic diversification is a cornerstone of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030, aiming to transform the Kingdom into a global economic powerhouse and reduce its historical dependence on oil revenues. Regional development projects are central to this strategy, designed to broaden income sources and leverage the Kingdom’s vast potential by fostering growth across diverse sectors and geographical areas.

Here’s a discussion of key regional development projects and initiatives:

• Infrastructure and Urban Development
• The real estate and construction sectors are experiencing significant activity, driven by major housing and infrastructure projects across the Kingdom. This is evidenced by a 14% increase in cement sales in May 2025, reaching 4.8 million tons, reflecting robust construction, particularly in Riyadh where demand is expected to increase by 20%.
• Preparations for hosting global events like the 2034 FIFA World Cup and Expo 2030 are major catalysts for this expansion.
• Specific urban development includes efforts to improve Dammam’s entrances in the Eastern Region, focusing on enhancing the urban landscape to reflect architectural identity and improve quality of life.
• Ongoing maintenance and improvement works in municipalities like Hafr Al-Batin are contributing to better public spaces, including gardens and streets. Similarly, Al-Baha Municipality has executed various service and supervisory works, including preparing 80 parks and organizing 50 events during Eid al-Adha, signifying a focus on local quality of life. Jazan Municipality’s volunteer efforts, involving over 26,000 volunteers contributing more than 419,000 hours, highlight community engagement in urban improvement, such as removing distortions and enhancing services.
• Tourism and Hospitality Sector Growth
• Vision 2030 aims to strengthen the Kingdom’s position as a global center for aviation and tourism.
• Riyadh Air, a new national carrier, plans to serve over 100 global destinations by 2030, contributing approximately 75 billion SAR to the non-oil GDP and creating over 200,000 direct and indirect jobs. This initiative, along with AviLease’s significant aircraft orders (77 Airbus aircraft), reinforces the Kingdom’s commitment to developing a modern and sustainable aviation system.
• Smart applications are reshaping the visitor experience, such as “Rouh Al-Saudia” for exploring diverse tourist sites and events, “Tawakkalna” for providing essential information and services to tourists, and “WeBook” for seamless event and facility booking. These digital tools enhance the tourism sector and underscore digital transformation efforts.
• The Hajj season itself serves as a massive, annual regional development project. An integrated organizational apparatus involving over 450,000 individuals from government, private, and volunteer sectors ensures a smooth and safe experience for millions of pilgrims. This includes advanced logistical arrangements, healthcare facilities, transportation networks, waste management, and crowd control using cutting-edge technology. Innovations like the “Nusuk” smart card facilitate pilgrim services and movements.
• Jeddah’s historic district continues to attract pilgrims for shopping and cultural experiences before their departure, showcasing efforts to leverage existing heritage for tourism.
• Wadi Muharram, near Taif, is being developed as a tourist destination, with traditional farms being transformed into resorts that also promote local products like Taif roses, drawing both tourists and pilgrims.
• In Jazan, efforts are underway to promote local cuisine and cultural heritage, integrating traditional Jazani dishes into global culinary arts training programs, thus fostering specialized tourism and hospitality skills in the region.
• Technology and Innovation
• Saudi Arabia has made a significant leap of 60 places globally in the environment for startup businesses, with Riyadh now ranking 23rd among 100 emerging business environments. This progress is supported by increased venture capital, improved entrepreneurial infrastructure, and rising levels of innovation, particularly in Artificial Intelligence, financial technologies, cybersecurity, smart cities, and digital health. These sectors are key pillars of the Kingdom’s economic transformation plans.
• The concept of remote work is actively being considered and implemented, particularly in Riyadh, to manage urban growth, improve quality of life, and enhance productivity, supported by digital platforms like “Qowa” and “Musk” initiatives.
• Cultural and Creative Industries
• The Saudi media sector is undergoing a significant transformation, with its projected size expected to exceed $11 billion by 2030 (from $6 billion in 2023) and its GDP contribution rising to $12 billion (from $4 billion) in the same period. This growth is anticipated to create 150,000 jobs by 2030. The success of Saudi films and the gaming sector (e.g., “Gamers8” attracting 1.2 billion views) demonstrates this expansion.
• The “Cultural Innovation Challenge” (Polisithon), overseen by the Ministry of Culture, fosters innovation in cultural policy design, covering themes like the Arabic language, cultural tourism, authentic customs, children’s cultural content, and national festivals. This initiative seeks to empower Saudi talents and contribute to the growth and sustainability of the cultural sector.
• The “Year of Handicrafts” (2025) initiative aims to transform traditional crafts into a vibrant economic, cultural, and educational sector, promoting local artisans, providing training, and integrating crafts into the creative economy.
• Agriculture and Food Security
• In the Al-Jouf region, the Agricultural Development Fund actively supports farmers and animal wealth, aligning with Vision 2030’s goals for food and water security. This highlights regional efforts to diversify into sustainable agricultural practices.

In essence, these regional development projects, underpinned by Vision 2030’s strategic reforms, aim to create a multifaceted, resilient economy that is less reliant on oil. By investing heavily in diverse sectors, fostering innovation, and empowering both public and private sectors, Saudi Arabia is actively transforming its various regions into dynamic hubs that contribute to national prosperity and global competitiveness.

Humanitarian Aid in Crisis: Challenges and Consequences

Humanitarian aid faces significant and escalating challenges, jeopardizing the ability of organizations to deliver critical assistance to populations in desperate need. These challenges are multifaceted, encompassing financial, logistical, and political obstacles, often intensified by ongoing conflicts and natural disasters.

Key Humanitarian Aid Challenges:

• Severe Funding Shortfalls: A major impediment to humanitarian efforts is the unprecedented decline in funding for aid operations. The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) initially aimed to collect $44 billion for global humanitarian efforts in 2024, but this target was later reduced to $29 billion due to unmet pledges. By June, only $5.6 billion had been received, forcing a significant reduction in the number of people aid can reach, from an original target of 180 million to just 114 million. This drastic cut jeopardizes the lives of many, as agencies are unable to provide necessary support.
• Impact of Conflict and Violence: Conflict and associated shocks are primary drivers of acute food crises globally. In contexts like Gaza, continuous military operations and sieges have left the entire population of 2.1 million people facing severe food insecurity, with nearly half a million at risk of starvation by the end of September. Similarly, the conflict in Sudan is expected to continue exacerbating the crisis and displacement, affecting approximately 25 million people. These environments make aid delivery extremely hazardous and complex.
• Restricted Access and Deliberate Obstruction:In Gaza, aid distribution centers have reportedly become “death traps” due to bombardment and direct targeting, leading to high casualties among civilians awaiting aid.
• The Israeli occupation forces have been accused of deliberately cutting internet and landline communications in Gaza repeatedly—for the ninth time—to obscure facts, deepen the humanitarian catastrophe, and prevent the outside world from witnessing the reality on the ground. These communication blackouts severely disrupt the work of medical and relief teams, preventing aid from reaching those in need and potentially leaving the wounded to die without intervention.
• In Jenin, Israeli forces have reportedly converted dozens of homes into military barracks, imposing movement restrictions and temporary displacement on residents. This creates an environment of fear and tension, further complicating aid access and daily life.
• Geopolitical Prioritization and Shifting Funds: Some countries have significantly cut their international aid budgets, with bodies like the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights noting that many donor states are redirecting their budgetary priorities from international institutions to military spending. This shift directly impacts the resources available for humanitarian assistance.
• Exacerbating Factors: Beyond conflict, economic risks and climate change contribute to the severity of food crises. For instance, rising grain prices in Mali are placing 2,600 people at risk of starvation by the end of August.

Consequences of Challenges:

The combined effect of these challenges means that humanitarian organizations struggle to provide aid, leading to a deepening of crises in affected regions. The lack of resources and safe access means that even when needs are known, the ability to respond effectively is severely limited. This situation underlines the urgent need for increased funding, unimpeded access, and adherence to international humanitarian law to protect civilians and enable aid delivery in conflict zones.

By Amjad Izhar
Contact: amjad.izhar@gmail.com
https://amjadizhar.blog

Affiliate Disclosure: This blog may contain affiliate links, which means I may earn a small commission if you click on the link and make a purchase. This comes at no additional cost to you. I only recommend products or services that I believe will add value to my readers. Your support helps keep this blog running and allows me to continue providing you with quality content. Thank you for your support!

This compilation of sources provides a multifaceted overview of Saudi Arabia’s current landscape, focusing on its economic developments, including efforts toward Vision 2030 diversification, a robust healthcare expansion with new hospital technologies, and the performance of its stock market. It also addresses geopolitical tensions, particularly the escalating conflict between Israel and Iran and its impact on oil markets, alongside a detailed look at the ongoing humanitarian crisis in Gaza. Furthermore, the texts cover cultural and sporting events, highlighting initiatives related to Hajj pilgrimages, advancements in Arabic linguistic technology, and various sports news concerning local and international teams.

Saudi Arabian Economy: Growth, Inflation, and Investment Outlook

The sources provide a comprehensive overview of the Saudi Arabian economy, highlighting its growth, inflation rates, and response to global geopolitical challenges, alongside specific insights into its stock market and investment landscape.

Saudi Arabian Economic Performance:

• The Saudi economy achieved growth for the fourth consecutive quarter in the current year’s first quarter, driven by an increase in non-oil activities.
• This growth reflects the continued expansion in industrial and service sectors, alongside a recovery in domestic demand, supported by the momentum of projects linked to Vision 2030.
• According to data from the General Authority for Statistics, Saudi Arabia’s real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) grew by 3.4% in the first quarter of 2025 on an annual basis. This was primarily supported by a 4.9% annual growth in the non-oil sector, which is the highest level recorded in the last three quarters.
• However, oil activities contracted by 0.5% during the same period. This contraction was influenced by OPEC+ production cuts within the framework of their voluntary production agreement, which slowed the pace of growth despite strong performance in other sectors.
• The General Authority for Statistics data indicates a slowdown in Saudi economic growth compared to the fourth quarter of the previous year, which saw a 4.4% GDP growth.
• The Authority announced in May that it updated its GDP estimates to align with international standards.
• The government’s non-oil activities grew by 3.2% in the first quarter, reaching their highest level in three quarters, driven by continued government spending on public infrastructure and services, which contributed to economic activity.
• Most economic activities showed positive annual growth rates, with the wholesale and retail trade, hotels, and restaurants sector recording the highest growth at 8.4% in the first quarter.
• The transport, storage, and communications sector grew by 6%, and financial and business services activities grew by 5.5%.
• The World Bank expects Saudi Arabia’s economic activity to benefit from a gradual increase in oil production planned by the OPEC+ alliance from April 2025 to September 2026. They also emphasize that diversification efforts continue to support the growth of non-oil sectors.

Inflation in the Kingdom:

• Saudi Arabia’s annual inflation rate remained relatively stable at 2.2% in May 2025, confirming its position among the lowest inflation rates within the G20 countries.
• This stability highlights the effectiveness of the Kingdom’s financial and monetary policies and proactive measures to mitigate price increases amidst the global inflationary wave.
• The monthly statistical report from the General Authority for Statistics attributed the rise in annual inflation to increases in housing, water, electricity, gas, and fuel prices (6.8%), food and beverage prices (1.6%), and prices for miscellaneous personal goods and services (4.0%).
• The increase in the housing, water, electricity, gas, and fuel section was mainly due to an 8.1% rise in paid housing rents. This section has a significant impact on annual inflation due to its 25.5% weighting.
• Conversely, transport prices decreased by 0.8%, and clothing and footwear prices fell by 0.9%.
• The consumer price index remained stable in May 2025 compared to April, with a monthly change of 0.1%, indicating a balance between rising housing prices and falling transport prices.
• The General Authority for Statistics noted that inflation rates increased on a monthly basis in Tabuk, Hail, Sakaka, Makkah, Riyadh, and Jeddah, while decreasing in Baha, Najran, Arar, Dammam, Madinah, Buraydah, Taif, and Hofuf.

Geopolitical Risks and Oil Markets:

• Geopolitical risks have returned to oil markets, with Brent crude futures rising to $75 per barrel due to the Israeli-Iranian conflict.
• The Israeli attack on Iran led to a jump in crude oil prices to their highest in five months, raising fears that any further escalation could disrupt navigation through the Strait of Hormuz, a waterway through which one-fifth of global oil consumption passes.
• Analysts expect oil prices to rise further, possibly towards $80 per barrel, with the escalating conflict and increasing fears about Middle East oil exports.
• An opinion piece notes that an increase in oil prices significantly boosts budget surpluses and revenues for Saudi Arabia, allowing the government to expand spending on development and infrastructure projects as part of Vision 2030. However, it also warns that reliance on high oil prices represents a long-term risk due to the global shift towards clean energy.
• The crisis between Iran and Israel threatens maritime navigation security in the Gulf and the Strait of Hormuz, which could severely impact global trade, including Saudi exports. Economic reports suggest that any closure of the Strait of Hormuz could raise oil prices to levels of $150 per barrel. While this could bring significant financial gains in the short term, it also increases uncertainty and volatility in financial markets, potentially making foreign investors more cautious.

Financial Policy and Investment:

• Saudi Arabia’s government continues to pursue a disciplined financial policy despite rising oil revenues, aiming to avoid over-reliance on oil and prevent past market volatility issues. This approach enhances investor confidence in the Saudi economy’s resilience and its reform trajectory.
• Capital Intelligence has affirmed Saudi Arabia’s long-term foreign and local currency credit ratings at “AA-“, with a stable outlook for future ratings. Experts note that this positive rating aligns with other international agencies’ assessments and reflects the strength of the Saudi economy and the effectiveness of its Vision 2030 reforms.
• The rating acknowledges the diversification of the economy into sectors like tourism, industry, and investment, as well as the Kingdom’s ability to manage debt and challenges.
• Saudi Arabia’s foreign reserves increased by 4% to 1721.1 billion riyals by the end of May 2025.
• King Street hedge fund is seeking to enter the Saudi market to capitalize on the growing wave of global investors attracted by the Kingdom’s $2 trillion economic transformation plan.
• The transformation of Saudi ports into strategic platforms for expanding trade and geopolitical influence is a key aspect of Vision 2030, with significant investments in infrastructure and digital transformation.

Stock Market Performance:

• The Saudi stock market’s main index closed slightly lower yesterday, decreasing by 109.35 points to 10731.59 points, with trading values reaching 5.1 billion riyals.
• The total market value of listed shares was about 9141.71 billion riyals at the end of the week ending June 12, 2025, a decrease of 0.25%.
• The value of foreign investor ownership accounted for 4.32% of the total market value of listed shares.
• The parallel Saudi stock index (Nomu) also closed lower.
• Stock markets in the Gulf region closed lower yesterday amidst escalating tensions between Israel and Iran, increasing fears of conflict in the wider Middle East.

Specific Economic News:

• Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Hospital in Jeddah has opened, becoming the largest and most modern private healthcare facility in Jeddah, operating with a fully digital system using AI and IoT.
• The Islamic University in Madinah launched Arabic language courses for non-native speakers, aimed at enhancing the language’s global standing.
• Tabuk Municipality carried out 208 field visits to food establishments during Eid al-Adha, ensuring food safety and compliance with health standards, including inspecting meat freshness and cooking oil quality.
• The “Bahhar” festival in Yanbu, in its second edition, attracts visitors with various artistic, cultural, tourist, and heritage activities, highlighting the region’s marine environment.

Middle East Conflicts and Saudi Arabia’s Stabilizing Role

The provided sources extensively discuss regional conflicts, primarily focusing on the escalating tensions between Israel and Iran, as well as the ongoing war in Gaza.

The Israeli-Iranian Conflict Geopolitical risks have returned to oil markets due to the Israeli-Iranian conflict, causing Brent crude futures to rise to $75 per barrel. The Israeli attack on Iran led to crude oil prices jumping to their highest in five months, raising fears that further escalation could disrupt navigation through the Strait of Hormuz, a crucial waterway through which one-fifth of global oil consumption passes. Analysts anticipate oil prices to climb further, potentially towards $80 per barrel, as the conflict intensifies and concerns grow about Middle East oil exports.

An opinion piece suggests that an increase in oil prices significantly boosts budget surpluses and revenues for Saudi Arabia, enabling the government to expand spending on development and infrastructure projects as part of Vision 2030. However, it also warns that reliance on high oil prices poses a long-term risk due to the global shift towards clean energy. The crisis threatens maritime navigation security in the Gulf and the Strait of Hormuz, which could severely impact global trade, including Saudi exports. Economic reports indicate that a closure of the Strait of Hormuz could push oil prices to levels of $150 per barrel, bringing substantial short-term financial gains but also increasing uncertainty and volatility in financial markets, potentially making foreign investors more cautious.

The conflict has seen a new wave of attacks, with Israeli forces targeting “dual-use” fuel sites in Iran. The Israeli army has issued evacuation warnings for Iranians living near weapons facilities. Reports indicate that Iran’s response to an Israeli attack on its nuclear and military infrastructure resulted in rising oil prices, despite no damage to oil infrastructure. The US President Donald Trump believes an agreement can “easily” be reached between Iran and Israel to end the “bloody conflict”. However, the US has also warned Tehran to reach a deal or face “more violent attacks” from Israel. Israel requested US military participation in an attack targeting Iran’s nuclear program, specifically the fortified Fordow facility, due to its own limitations in striking such deep targets. The US, however, showed reservations about direct involvement, fearing a wider confrontation. Iran’s foreign ministry denied sending messages to Israel via a third country.

The war between Israel and Iran is viewed by some as deeper than a mere escalation, potentially leading to the downfall of one of the regimes or a recalculation of the global and regional order. It is seen as a result of years of meticulous planning by Israel, including diplomatic efforts to cultivate relations with regional countries and “clip the claws of Iran’s proxies”. Western and European allies are providing full military, economic, and intelligence support to Israel, in addition to imposing sanctions on Iran. It is noted that Iran has not found effective allies in the region, and its “pragmatic exploitation” of the Palestinian cause has led to a weakening of sympathy for Tehran in its current conflict. The geopolitical consequences of this war could include a reshaping of the region’s geopolitical map, potential internal transformations within Iran due to resource depletion and pressure on the regime, or Iran’s retreat within its geographical borders for several years.

The Gaza War The war on Gaza has entered its 90th day, continuing with massacres against civilians and catastrophic humanitarian conditions. The region faces a complete siege, widespread destruction, near-total collapse of infrastructure, and severe shortages of electricity, water, and health services. Recent Israeli aggression caused a three-day complete outage of internet and communications, which later partially resumed. Relief efforts are severely hampered by acute shortages of basic necessities like food and medicine.

UNICEF reported that Palestinian families in Gaza are struggling immensely to secure even one daily meal for their children, with the volume of bombs and rockets entering Gaza far exceeding the amount of food aid. The situation continues to worsen daily, described as “grim, shattered, and horrifying”. Many families live in tents under tank fire and are forced to repeatedly relocate after losing everything. Gazan families have not celebrated Eid al-Adha for two years, instead mourning their losses, and mothers sometimes go without food for days to feed their children. Children are dying from malnutrition due to easily treatable causes, forming a “deadly cycle” of food scarcity, contaminated water, and lack of basic healthcare. Hospitals are unsafe and lack essential medical supplies.

Aid delivery is critically insufficient, with only about 10% of what people need reaching Gaza effectively. A new aid distribution system, described as “military in nature,” has been criticized for limiting access to specific areas and for intentionally pushing residents from north to south, further undermining effective aid distribution efforts. The Khan Yunis municipality warned of an impending health and environmental catastrophe due to the halt in fuel supply, affecting water and sewage facilities, and preventing the operation of essential services.

The Israeli occupation forces continue arrests, field interrogations, and summary executions in the West Bank, alongside intensified sieges and movement restrictions at checkpoints. There are 898 military checkpoints and barriers in the West Bank, with 146 established since October 7, 2023.

Saudi Arabia’s Stance and Role Saudi Arabia plays a pivotal role in maintaining peace and stability in the Middle East and globally. This role stems from its political, economic, and religious standing, as well as its commitment to the principles of peace and international cooperation.

• De-escalation and Dialogue: Saudi Arabia has consistently condemned attacks, rejected escalation, and called for dialogue to restore balance. Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman emphasized de-escalation and diplomatic solutions in a call with the Iranian President, underscoring a strategic approach to prevent a wider conflagration.
• Balancing Force: The Kingdom acts as a balancing force, striving to prevent the region from descending into catastrophic scenarios. Its vision for security is rooted in preventing conflict and investing in peace.
• Diplomatic Engagements: Saudi Arabia’s historical efforts, such as the Beijing agreement and attempts to mend rifts in Yemen and Sudan, highlight its crucial role in regional security. The Kingdom mediates and hosts conferences for Palestinian factions, supports the legitimate government in Yemen, and works to stabilize other Arab countries.
• Counter-Terrorism: Saudi Arabia adopts a comprehensive approach to combating terrorism, not only through security measures but also through intellectual and cultural strategies. It established the “Etidal” (Moderation) Center to counter extremist thought, reflecting its commitment to protecting societies from extremism. It also participates in international counter-terrorism coalitions and founded the Islamic Military Counter Terrorism Coalition.
• Humanitarian Aid: The Kingdom is a leading donor country globally, providing humanitarian assistance and supporting millions of refugees and displaced people in Syria, Iraq, Palestine, and Yemen.
• Soft Diplomacy: Through Vision 2030, Saudi Arabia promotes “soft diplomacy,” encompassing culture, education, and knowledge exchange, as means to build sustainable peace.
• Economic Resilience: The Saudi government maintains a disciplined financial policy, even with rising oil revenues, to avoid over-reliance on oil and prevent past market volatility issues, thereby enhancing investor confidence in its economic resilience and reform trajectory. The Kingdom views crises not merely as threats but as opportunities for re-formation and showcasing its economic flexibility and capacity to lead economic and political transformation in the region.

In essence, Saudi Arabia is portrayed as a nation growing confidently, building a diverse economy, and balancing its national interests with its regional and international duties, serving as a critical factor in shaping the future amidst ongoing regional and global challenges.

Healthcare Innovations and Challenges

Healthcare advancements are prominently discussed in the sources, particularly through the detailed description of Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Hospital in Al-Mohammadiyah, Jeddah, which marks a significant leap in the Kingdom’s medical sector.

This hospital is highlighted as the newest and largest private health sector hospital in Jeddah, operating with a fully integrated digital system. It leverages cutting-edge technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) to enhance healthcare delivery, diagnosis efficiency, and communication among medical teams. The establishment of its electronic environment and infrastructure was carried out by Cloud Solutions, a leader in information technology.

Key advancements and features of this state-of-the-art facility include:

• Integrated Digital System: The hospital operates as a “DIGITAL HOSPITAL,” providing patients with a seamless, fully digital experience from admission to discharge. This system uses AI and IoMT to streamline operations and improve patient care.
• Advanced Diagnostic Imaging: The radiology department is described as one of the most modern diagnostic imaging centers in the Middle East. It offers a wide range of diagnostic services and interventional radiology, utilizing AI for high-precision diagnosis of fractures, tumors, and strokes.
• GE PET/CT OMNI LEGEND 32 cm: This is the first device of its kind in the Middle East for nuclear medicine, boasting 2.2 times higher sensitivity than comparable systems and reducing scan time by 53% with AI-powered performance.
• GE REVOLUTION 512 SLICE APEX CT scanner: Touted as the fastest CT scanner, with a 0.23-second rotation, capable of whole-body imaging in under 5 seconds and cardiac imaging in a single beat, even for children without anesthesia.
• GE MRI SIGNA ARTIST 1.5 T: Offers comprehensive digital coverage, enhances patient comfort, and provides high-quality, precise imaging for all examinations, including those for heavy patients.
• Robotic Surgery System: The hospital is equipped with a Robotic Surgery System, the first of its kind in the Middle East, allowing surgeons precise control over robotic arms and tools with a 3D vision system and a wide range of motion.
• Automated Laboratory and Sample Management: The laboratory features a fully automated system (AUTOMATION LAB SOLUTION) for patient registration and sample handling, from collection to results, with no manual intervention. This ensures patient privacy and enhances diagnostic accuracy through digital pathology and AI for remote disease diagnosis. It also includes a Pneumatic Tube System (PTS) for fast and secure transport of lab samples throughout the facility.
• Smart Patient Monitoring and Care:
• CENTRELLA SMART+ BED: Smart beds in recovery rooms enable continuous wireless monitoring of patient location and condition via internet connection.
• Portrait Mobile technology: Provides effective high-fidelity vital sign monitoring for patients post-operation.
• Specialized Units and Facilities: The hospital comprises numerous specialized centers and clinics, including Emergency, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Cardiology, Neurosurgery, Pediatrics, Intensive Care, Orthopedics & Spinal Surgery, Infertility & IVF Unit, ENT, Internal Medicine, Urology, Ophthalmology, Dentistry, Dermatology, and Laser treatment. The dentistry department features advanced equipment like the CENTER U 6000S, PENEFRINA cabins, and CABINET for single-touch access to tools, the first of its kind in the Middle East, which helps reduce the risk of infection.
• Infrastructure and Design: The hospital is built with unique architectural and engineering specifications, following the standards of the American Institute of Architects (AIA) to create a conducive environment for patient recovery. It includes 48 elevators for easy patient movement, 14 self-cleaning and sterilizing escalators, and parking for 1547 cars. It also provides training and education facilities, including large lecture halls and a conference hall accommodating over 500 people.

The establishment of this hospital is seen as a qualitative addition to healthcare and medical tourism in the Kingdom, serving the needs of patients in the Western region.

While this hospital represents a significant advancement, the sources also touch upon general health services in other contexts:

• The Hajj and Umrah new regulations aim to enhance the quality of services for pilgrims from various countries, which implicitly includes health services as part of their comprehensive care.
• Riyadh Municipality provides medical examination services to pilgrims at various centers, focusing on enhancing their safety during their spiritual journey.
• Tabuk Municipality conducts extensive field visits and lab tests on food establishments to ensure public health and food safety, including testing meat freshness, frying oil quality, and temperature in storage rooms.

In contrast, sources discussing the Gaza War highlight a catastrophic humanitarian situation, with severe shortages of health services, widespread destruction, and hospitals becoming unsafe due to shelling and lack of basic medical supplies and fuel. It is noted that only 19 out of 38 governmental hospitals in Gaza are partially operational, along with 8 private and 11 field hospitals, but aid delivery remains critically insufficient. This portrays a dire situation where existing healthcare infrastructure is collapsing under the impact of conflict, rather than advancing.

Saudi Vision 2030: Healthcare, Heritage, and Arabic Language Flourish

Healthcare advancements in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia are deeply intertwined with its ambitions in tourism and culture, particularly under the umbrella of Vision 2030, aiming for economic diversification and enhanced global standing.

Medical Tourism and Advanced Healthcare Infrastructure A significant advancement is the Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Hospital in Al-Mohammadiyah, Jeddah, which is described as the newest and largest private hospital in Jeddah and a “qualitative addition to healthcare and medical tourism in the Kingdom”. This facility is designed as a “DIGITAL HOSPITAL” operating with a fully integrated digital system that leverages artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) to enhance healthcare delivery, diagnostic efficiency, and communication among medical teams.

Key features and advancements at this hospital include:

• Advanced Diagnostic Imaging: Its radiology department is one of the most modern diagnostic imaging centers in the Middle East, offering high-precision diagnosis of fractures, tumors, and strokes using AI. Notable equipment includes the GE PET/CT OMNI LEGEND 32 cm, the first of its kind in the Middle East for nuclear medicine, offering 2.2 times higher sensitivity and reducing scan time by 53% with AI-powered performance. The GE REVOLUTION 512 SLICE APEX CT scanner is touted as the fastest, capable of whole-body imaging in under 5 seconds and cardiac imaging in a single beat, even for children without anesthesia. The GE MRI SIGNA ARTIST 1.5 T provides comprehensive digital coverage and high-quality, precise imaging.
• Robotic Surgery System: The hospital is equipped with a Robotic Surgery System, the first of its kind in the Middle East, allowing surgeons precise control over robotic arms and tools with a 3D vision system and a wide range of motion.
• Automated Laboratory and Sample Management: It features a fully automated system (AUTOMATION LAB SOLUTION) for patient registration and sample handling, from collection to results, with no manual intervention, ensuring privacy and enhancing diagnostic accuracy through digital pathology and AI for remote disease diagnosis. A Pneumatic Tube System (PTS) is also in place for fast and secure transport of lab samples.
• Smart Patient Monitoring: Recovery rooms have CENTRELLA SMART+ BEDs for continuous wireless monitoring of patient location and condition, and Portrait Mobile technology for effective high-fidelity vital sign monitoring post-operation.
• Specialized Units: The hospital houses numerous specialized centers and clinics, including a state-of-the-art dentistry department with advanced equipment like the CENTER U 6000S, PENEFRINA cabins, and CABINET for single-touch access to tools, which is the first of its kind in the Middle East and helps reduce infection risk.
• Infrastructure: The hospital’s design adheres to American Institute of Architects (AIA) standards, facilitating patient recovery. It includes 48 elevators, 14 self-cleaning and sterilizing escalators, and parking for 1547 cars.
• Specialized Medical Conferences: Riyadh also hosted the World Association of Eye Hospitals (WAEH) meeting, demonstrating the Kingdom’s commitment to enhancing medical cooperation, knowledge exchange, and providing advanced patient care in specialized fields.

Religious Tourism (Hajj and Umrah) The sources extensively detail the Kingdom’s efforts to enhance services for pilgrims, marking a significant focus on religious tourism:

• New Regulations and Digital Integration: The Ministry of Hajj and Umrah has introduced new regulations, including mandatory confirmed hotel bookings in Mecca and Medina and electronic approval via the “Nusuk” application for Umrah visa applicants. These measures aim to enhance service quality and streamline the Umrah system for pilgrims globally. The “Nusuk” smart card, alongside smart crowd management and shuttle transport systems (including the Al-Mashaaer train), has significantly contributed to the smooth movement of pilgrims and the prevention of irregular Hajj.
• Comprehensive Services: This year’s Hajj season was noted for its unprecedented success and distinction due to the integrated and advanced system, including digitization, smart management, and infrastructure development. The Ministry of Islamic Affairs ensured the departure of 2443 “King’s Guests” pilgrims from over 100 countries after they completed their Hajj rituals and visited the Prophet’s Mosque, all within an integrated service framework. Pilgrims consistently expressed their gratitude for the comprehensive care and facilities provided.
• Local Support and Facilities: Riyadh Municipality provided services to over 29,000 pilgrims across 6 centers, including essential medical examination services to ensure their safety. Border Guards facilitated smooth departure procedures for pilgrims through various crossings like Al-Wadiah in Najran, ensuring efficient security and guidance. Dedicated Hajj cities, such as the one at the Halat Ammar border crossing in Tabuk, offered high-quality services and logistical support to pilgrims, including the distribution of Holy Quran copies as a royal gift. This holistic approach reflects the Kingdom’s commitment to serving pilgrims effectively from their arrival until their departure.

Cultural Heritage and Initiatives The Kingdom is actively engaged in promoting and preserving its cultural identity through various initiatives:

• Celebrating National Figures: The Adabi Hail society hosted a cultural forum to review the life and works of the poet Antarah bin Shaddad, highlighting his historical and human significance. This aligns with Vision 2030’s goals for cultural investment and the importance of documenting heritage.
• Reviving Popular Heritage: The Finsafa Academy’s “After the Cover” program featured a discussion on “Popular Games” by Abdulaziz Al-Mubaddal, emphasizing their role as fundamental aspects of cultural identity. The program underscores the importance of documenting and revitalizing popular heritage through cultural activities and artistic performances.
• International Cooperation for Heritage Preservation: The Islamic World Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ISESCO), based in the Kingdom, plans an international project to revive the tangible and intangible heritage of Aleppo, Syria. This includes restoring historic libraries, manuscripts, and reactivating their scientific role, contributing to cultural preservation efforts beyond Saudi borders.
• Cultural Significance of Hajj and Eid al-Adha: Hajj is portrayed not just as a spiritual journey but also as a global cultural and humanitarian gathering, where Muslims from over 126 countries meet, showcasing the rich diversity within the Islamic nation. Eid al-Adha, intrinsically linked to Hajj, reinforces spiritual and social solidarity across diverse Muslim cultures, with the Kingdom facilitating organized sacrificial animal slaughter for distribution to the needy in over 30 countries.

Linguistic Empowerment and Soft Diplomacy The Kingdom acknowledges the importance of language as a cultural asset and a tool for soft power:

• Global Linguistic Leadership: Saudi Arabia is positioning itself as a digital cultural force committed to ensuring the Arabic language thrives in the digital age, recognizing that its future depends on integration with AI tools.
• Strategic Initiatives for Arabic: The King Salman Global Academy for Arabic Language is redefining the role of linguistic academies as “sovereign platforms” that influence the presence of Arabic globally. Initiatives like the “Arabic Language Index” provide precise data on Arabic’s performance across various sectors, informing policy-making. The “Balsam” initiative evaluates AI models’ ability to handle Arabic, placing the Kingdom at the forefront of Arabic linguistic computing.
• Content Generation and Digital Tools: Platforms such as “Falak” have added over 72 million new words to Arabic content, creating a vast digital resource for AI applications like smart assistants and instant translators. “Suwar” is dedicated to Arabic dictionaries, enriching the industry with linguistic data for developers and programmers. These efforts align with Vision 2030’s national cultural strategy, viewing Arabic as a component of digital sovereignty and a soft power tool in the digital world.
• Blending Authenticity and Technology: The Saudi approach emphasizes blending the authenticity of the language with technological modernity, offering a balanced model that prevents detachment from its roots while embracing the future. The Kingdom’s leadership decisions support Arabic not just as a heritage but as a future project, ensuring its vitality in the age of algorithms.
• Soft Diplomacy: Vision 2030 reinforces “soft diplomacy,” which incorporates culture, education, and knowledge exchange as crucial means to build sustainable peace. The Islamic University in Medina is also contributing to this by offering specialized Arabic language courses for non-native speakers, aiming to promote the global standing of the Arabic language.

Hajj Management: A Digital and Humanitarian Triumph

Saudi Arabia’s approach to Hajj management is a cornerstone of its national development under Vision 2030, transforming the sacred pilgrimage into a highly organized and digitally integrated experience that also serves as a significant cultural and humanitarian gathering. This year’s Hajj season was marked by unprecedented success and distinction due to an integrated and advanced system.

Key aspects of Hajj management include:

• New Regulations and Streamlined Procedures: The Ministry of Hajj and Umrah has implemented new regulations for Umrah visa applicants, including mandatory confirmed hotel bookings in Mecca and Medina and electronic approval of bookings via the “Nusuk” application. These measures require the booking dates to match the pilgrim’s entry and exit timings in the Kingdom, and hotels must be licensed by the Civil Defense and the Ministry of Tourism. These steps are part of the Ministry’s efforts to enhance the quality of services and streamline the Umrah system for pilgrims worldwide, ultimately benefiting the pilgrims.
• Digital Integration and Smart Management: The Kingdom has heavily invested in digital solutions to manage the massive influx of pilgrims. The “Nusuk” smart card, alongside smart crowd management and shuttle transport systems like the Al-Mashaaer train, has significantly contributed to the smooth movement of pilgrims and the prevention of irregular Hajj. The “Nusuk” smart card particularly aided in streamlining services and connecting pilgrim data within a unified system, reducing waiting times at entry points.
• Comprehensive Services and Infrastructure Development: Hajj management focuses on providing extensive services to pilgrims from their arrival until departure. This includes:
• Royal Guest Programs: The Ministry of Islamic Affairs facilitated the departure of 2,443 “King’s Guests” pilgrims from over 100 countries, providing them with integrated services after they completed their rituals and visited the Prophet’s Mosque. Pilgrims consistently expressed their gratitude for the comprehensive care and facilities provided within this framework.
• Logistical Support and Facilities: Riyadh Municipality alone provided services to over 29,000 pilgrims across 6 centers in its governorates, offering essential medical examinations to ensure their safety. This involved the participation of 82 governmental and private entities and over 2,029 volunteers. Services included distributing over 18,000 meals, 84,450 kg of dates, 6,329 liters of water, and 52,043 gifts.
• Border Operations: Border Guards at various crossings, such as Al-Wadiah in Najran, worked to facilitate smooth departure procedures for pilgrims, ensuring efficient security and guidance. Hajj cities, like the one at the Halat Ammar border crossing in Tabuk, offered high-quality services and logistical support, including the distribution of Holy Quran copies as a royal gift from the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Salman.
• Pilgrim Satisfaction: Egyptian Hajj mission officials noted that this year’s Hajj was among the “most successful and distinguished seasons,” praising the high level of organization, tranquility, and spirituality. Pilgrims recounted a smooth experience from arrival to farewell, expressing no fatigue due to the excellent organization and facilities.
• Enhancing Pilgrim Experience: The new regulations are expected to lead to increased competitiveness among Umrah companies and higher transparency in transactions. This is projected to improve the overall experience for pilgrims, despite potential increases in package prices due to heightened costs. The focus is on offering high-quality services to justify additional expenses and to block the path of unauthorized companies.
• Cultural and Humanitarian Dimension: Hajj is not merely a spiritual journey but also a global cultural and humanitarian gathering, where Muslims from over 126 countries meet, showcasing the rich diversity within the Islamic nation. The Kingdom’s efforts in managing Hajj reaffirm its role as a global hub for all Islamic nations, embodying generosity, organization, and mutual respect. Eid al-Adha, intrinsically linked to Hajj, reinforces spiritual and social solidarity across diverse Muslim cultures, with the Kingdom facilitating organized sacrificial animal slaughter for distribution to the needy in over 30 countries.
• Leadership Oversight and Vision 2030 Alignment: The success of Hajj is attributed to the continuous follow-up and directives from the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques and the Crown Prince. These efforts align with Vision 2030’s objectives, which include elevating the level of life quality and providing a flourishing and sustainable city environment. The Kingdom’s role in Hajj management is a clear demonstration of its “soft diplomacy”, leveraging culture, education, and knowledge exchange to build sustainable peace.

By Amjad Izhar
Contact: amjad.izhar@gmail.com
https://amjadizhar.blog

Affiliate Disclosure: This blog may contain affiliate links, which means I may earn a small commission if you click on the link and make a purchase. This comes at no additional cost to you. I only recommend products or services that I believe will add value to my readers. Your support helps keep this blog running and allows me to continue providing you with quality content. Thank you for your support!

The provided sources offer a multifaceted overview of Saudi Arabia’s current landscape, touching upon significant economic reforms driven by Vision 2030, including diversification away from oil and empowerment of women in the workforce. They also highlight the nation’s humanitarian efforts, such as global blood donation leadership and comprehensive care for pilgrims. Furthermore, the texts cover geopolitical tensions in the Middle East, particularly concerning Iran and Israel, and their impact on global oil markets, while also touching on the challenges posed by global economic slowdowns. Finally, the sources include information on local news like sporting events, cultural activities, and the legal framework for combating financial fraud.

Global Economy and Financial Market Dynamics

The financial market, is a complex and dynamic arena influenced by various factors, including economic policies, geopolitical events, and technological advancements. The sources provide insights into the strength of Saudi Arabia’s financial sector, global economic trends, specific market reactions to conflict, the pervasive issue of financial fraud, and the evolving impact of artificial intelligence on the job market.

Here’s a comprehensive overview:

1. Saudi Banking Sector and Real Estate Finance The Saudi banking sector is characterized by strong financial solvency and robust governance. Financial experts affirm the banks’ ability to meet their financial commitments and withstand potential losses. This strength is largely attributed to stringent regulations and supervision by the Saudi Central Bank, which mandates capital requirements, effective risk management (including credit, market, and liquidity risks), and oversight of banking activities to ensure compliance with financial and regulatory standards.

There has been a significant expansion of Saudi banks’ involvement in real estate financing, spurred by Vision 2030 and housing programs like “Sakani” and “Al Muyassar”. This growth in real estate lending is intended to support the urban and economic transformation of the Kingdom. While real estate loans constituted approximately 30% of banks’ total loan portfolios by Q1 2025, experts note that the risks associated with this exposure are relatively low. This is due to:

• Government support through direct guarantees or profit support, reducing credit risks for banks.
• Loans being secured by tangible assets with marketable value.
• Low default rates on real estate loans, which remain within acceptable global limits.

Despite some recent slight declines in capital adequacy ratios for a few banks, the overall Saudi banking sector maintains high levels of solvency. Experts emphasize the importance of continuous monitoring of capital, risk, and asset distribution across banks to adapt to strategic shifts. The current financial health enables Saudi banks to continue supporting economic growth and absorb global economic and financial shocks.

2. Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) Saudi REITs have evolved since the listing of the first fund in 2016, becoming a key platform for investors seeking stable income. Most of the 19 listed funds distribute at least 90% of their net annual profits. However, these funds face pressures, primarily from rising financing costs, with some showing borrowing rates up to 50% of their asset size. This impacts their ability to distribute more profits, despite increasing rental income. Concerns also include overvaluation of real estate assets during acquisition and a lack of innovative development projects, unlike more mature REIT markets. This indicates that the local market’s growth is currently limited and dependent on the existing real estate market.

3. Saudi Economic Outlook (World Bank) The World Bank anticipates a return to growth for the Saudi economy in 2025 and 2026, following a brief contraction in 2023 due to voluntary oil production cuts. Growth is projected to accelerate to 2.8% in 2025, reaching 4.5% in 2026 and 4.6% in 2027. This recovery will be driven by the phased unwinding of oil production cuts and continued expansion in non-oil sectors. Non-oil sectors, including construction, services, tourism, technology, and logistics, are expected to be primary drivers of growth, reflecting the economic diversification efforts under Vision 2030. The World Bank advises Saudi Arabia to maintain fiscal flexibility, continue revenue mobilization (especially non-oil revenues), and prioritize spending to protect social and investment expenditures.

4. Global Economic Challenges The World Bank presents a cautious outlook for the global economy, projecting the slowest growth rate since 2008 (excluding recession periods), with global economic growth expected to slow to 2.3% in 2025. This slowdown is primarily attributed to:

• Escalating trade tensions and protectionist measures among major economies, leading to increased tariffs and supply chain disruptions.
• Uncertainty in monetary and fiscal policies of major economies, causing volatility in global financial markets.
• Persistent inflationary pressures, which, despite a decline from 2022 peaks, remain above pre-pandemic levels. This has led central banks to adopt restrictive monetary policies (raising interest rates), contributing to slower growth.
• Rising global debt levels, especially in developing countries, limiting their capacity to respond to economic downturns.
• Geopolitical tensions and regional conflicts (such as the conflict in Ukraine and the Middle East), coupled with natural disasters, threaten agricultural production and infrastructure in many countries.

These challenges could significantly hinder poverty reduction efforts and income growth in developing countries. The World Bank stresses the urgent need for coordinated international action to mitigate risks, including reviving global trade dialogue and implementing structural reforms to unlock growth potential.

5. Market Reactions to Geopolitical Events (Israel-Iran Conflict) The recent escalation of military actions between Israel and Iran has had immediate impacts on global financial markets:

• Oil Prices: Oil prices surged by over 14% following mutual aerial attacks, driven by fears of widespread disruption to Middle East oil exports. Although direct attacks on Iranian oil facilities were avoided, analysts warn of potential “energy for energy” retaliation. The Strait of Hormuz, a critical maritime passage, is particularly vulnerable, with disruptions potentially causing a significant impact on global oil prices and Iran’s economy. Saudi Arabia and the UAE are noted to have the spare production capacity to mitigate major supply shortfalls.
• Gold Prices: Gold prices reached a two-month high, surpassing the $3,400 resistance level, due to increased demand for safe-haven assets. This demand was fueled by the escalating geopolitical tensions in the Middle East and a weaker-than-expected US inflation report, which increased expectations for earlier interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve.
• Currency Markets: The US dollar declined after the inflation data, reinforcing expectations of Fed rate cuts. Conversely, traditional safe-haven currencies, such as the Japanese Yen and the Swiss Franc, strengthened amidst the rising geopolitical tensions. The Euro also saw a rise to its highest level since October 2021.

6. Financial Fraud Financial fraud is a significant concern globally and within Saudi Arabia. A 2023 study revealed that 54% of Saudis had fallen victim to at least one fraudulent scheme, with 13% experiencing it multiple times, exceeding the global average. Saudi women alone reportedly lost nearly 1 billion riyals (approximately $375 million) to electronic fraud in 2022, often due to negligence or ignoring official warnings. Global fraud losses are estimated to reach nearly $3 trillion in 2024.

Fraudsters often target specific demographics:

• Individuals aged 30-44 are most susceptible, targeted with fake job offers or romantic scams.
• Seniors can be manipulated through “miracle cures” or false investment opportunities.
• Notably, many victims are highly intelligent and have above-average incomes, dispelling the myth that only the poor or uneducated fall prey. The sources cite historical and contemporary examples of large-scale fraud, emphasizing that while complete prevention is difficult, caution in all financial dealings is essential to minimize potential damage.

7. Governance in Public Sector Companies Saudi Arabia has implemented a new governance system to regulate the establishment and ownership of government companies. This initiative aims to enhance efficiency and transparency in governmental financial operations by providing a clear institutional framework, preventing redundancy, and improving the quality of financial decisions. This system covers various scenarios, including establishing new companies, acquiring stakes in existing ones, or transferring company ownership.

8. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Job Market The rise of AI has had a noticeable impact on the job market, leading to significant layoffs in tech companies like Microsoft (6% of workforce or 6,000 employees) and IBM (8,000 employees). This trend reflects a shift where AI tools are taking over routine tasks. While proponents argue this frees up human creativity for more engaging work, critics express concern over declining job quality, with remaining tasks becoming routine and less stimulating. This transformation creates a heavy burden on employees who must adapt to a new reality where AI sets the work pace, and human workers fill gaps. The sources emphasize the need for businesses to restructure work environments to be more humane and reinvest in employees as AI advances and boosts productivity.

Middle East Instability: Threats, Impacts, and Diplomatic Efforts

Regional stability, particularly in the Middle East, as a critically important yet fragile state, constantly under threat from various geopolitical and economic factors. The sources highlight recent escalations, their broad impacts, and the concerted efforts by nations, especially Saudi Arabia, to foster peace and de-escalation.

Key Threats to Regional Stability:

• Israel-Iran Conflict: The most immediate and significant threat to regional stability is the escalating military actions between Israel and Iran. This includes mutual aerial attacks, missile strikes, and threats targeting nuclear facilities. The conflict carries the risk of widespread disruption to Middle East oil exports, especially via the Strait of Hormuz, a vital maritime passage, which could lead to significant global oil price surges. There are fears of a “energy for energy” retaliation if oil infrastructure is directly targeted.
• Gaza Conflict: The ongoing 20-month conflict in Gaza and related hostilities in Lebanon have caused an immense humanitarian crisis, marked by daily massacres, targeted attacks on civilians, the collapse of the health system, and widespread destruction of homes and infrastructure. This situation significantly exacerbates regional instability.
• Nuclear Proliferation Concerns: Israel views Iran’s nuclear program as an existential threat and its recent attacks aimed to prevent Tehran from taking steps towards producing a nuclear weapon. This creates a dangerous dynamic, with potential for “catastrophic radiation” if nuclear sites are struck.
• Global Economic Challenges: Beyond direct conflict, global economic issues contribute to a fragile environment. The World Bank projects the slowest global growth rate since 2008, outside recession periods. Key factors include:
• Escalating trade tensions and protectionist measures.
• Uncertainty in monetary and fiscal policies of major economies.
• Persistent inflationary pressures, leading central banks to adopt restrictive monetary policies.
• Rising global debt levels, particularly in developing countries, limiting their capacity to respond to downturns.
• The World Bank warns that these challenges could severely hinder poverty reduction efforts and income growth in developing countries.

Impacts on Financial Markets: Geopolitical tensions have immediate and tangible effects on financial markets:

• Oil Prices: Surged by over 14% due to fears of supply disruption.
• Gold Prices: Reached a two-month high, driven by increased demand for safe-haven assets amidst escalating tensions and a weaker US inflation report.
• Currency Markets: The US dollar declined due to inflation data suggesting earlier Fed rate cuts, while traditional safe-haven currencies like the Japanese Yen and Swiss Franc strengthened.

Efforts to Maintain Regional Stability:

• Saudi Arabia’s Proactive Diplomatic Role: The Kingdom consistently advocates for de-escalation and peaceful resolution of conflicts. Saudi Arabia’s historical approach and current leadership emphasize peace, harmony, and refraining from violence.
• Intensive Consultations: Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman has engaged in intensive telephone calls with world leaders, including the US President Donald Trump, French President Emmanuel Macron, British Prime Minister Keir Starmer, Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, and Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian.
• Call for Self-Restraint and De-escalation: A consistent theme in these discussions is the “necessity of self-restraint, de-escalation, and resolving all differences through diplomatic means”.
• Rejection of Force: The Kingdom firmly rejects the use of force to settle disputes and stresses the importance of dialogue as the basis for resolving differences.
• Condemnation of Aggression: Saudi Arabia and other Arab and Islamic nations have strongly condemned Israeli attacks on Iranian sovereignty and security, viewing them as a “flagrant violation of international laws and norms”.
• Humanitarian Concerns: Amidst the conflict, Saudi Arabia has facilitated needs for Iranian pilgrims and provided all necessary services for Hajj and Umrah. The Crown Prince also conveyed condolences to the Iranian President for casualties from Israeli attacks.
• International Calls for Action: Various countries, including the UAE, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Oman, Egypt, Jordan, Iraq, Tunisia, Mauritania, Pakistan, and the Arab League, have echoed calls for de-escalation, dialogue, and the urgent intervention of the UN Security Council to halt the fighting. The Vatican has also called for “responsibility and wisdom” and urged for a world free from nuclear threats through mutual respect and honest dialogue.
• Fiscal Prudence and Economic Diversification: The World Bank advises Saudi Arabia to maintain fiscal flexibility, continue revenue mobilization (especially non-oil revenues), and prioritize spending to protect social and investment expenditures. These efforts contribute indirectly to stability by making the economy more resilient to shocks.

In summary, regional stability is depicted as being severely tested by ongoing conflicts and economic headwinds. While the impacts on financial markets are evident, the concerted diplomatic efforts, particularly those led by Saudi Arabia, underscore a strong commitment to de-escalation, dialogue, and the peaceful resolution of disputes as the only viable path forward.

Healthcare Amidst Conflict and Saudi Arabia’s Humanitarian Response

Regional stability, significantly impacts the provision and accessibility of healthcare services, particularly during times of conflict. The sources highlight both the immense humanitarian crises stemming from regional conflicts and the concerted efforts by Saudi Arabia to provide comprehensive healthcare services for its citizens, residents, and especially pilgrims, while also championing broader public health initiatives and addressing global health challenges.

Impact of Regional Instability on Healthcare: The ongoing conflicts, most notably the 20-month conflict in Gaza and related hostilities in Lebanon, have led to an immense humanitarian crisis. This crisis is characterized by daily massacres, targeted attacks on civilians, and the collapse of the health system, rendering hospitals unable to cope with the escalating number of casualties. The sources indicate that the conflict has resulted in widespread destruction of homes and infrastructure, causing fatalities and injuries. The isolation of Gaza, coupled with cuts to communication services, has hampered the operations of rescue teams. Amnesty International has accused Israeli forces of war crimes and genocide due to the systematic destruction of residential and agricultural areas, aiming to make Gaza uninhabitable. This deliberate destruction includes health and educational facilities, roads, and infrastructure, which were completely put out of service. Furthermore, the threat of nuclear proliferation and potential strikes on nuclear sites raise fears of “catastrophic radiation” and widespread health disasters.

Saudi Arabia’s Role in Healthcare Services and Humanitarian Aid:

1. Hajj and Umrah Services: Saudi Arabia demonstrates a profound commitment to providing comprehensive healthcare services for pilgrims. This includes ensuring pilgrims’ safety and security, providing unique and enriching experiences. The Ministry of Islamic Affairs facilitates the needs of Iranian pilgrims for Hajj and Umrah, providing all necessary services until their safe return home. The Nusuk electronic platform has become the first official platform for planning, booking, and enjoying the Hajj and Umrah experience, offering nearly a hundred services to pilgrims from around the world. There are intensive regulatory tours of hospitality facilities to ensure the highest standards of safety and security. The health sector, as part of the Madinah health cluster, prepared 37 beds specifically for cases of sunstroke and heat exhaustion. These facilities, including Al-Safiya Care Center, Uhud Hospital, and seasonal care centers, are equipped with advanced technology, such as air pressure sprays for body cooling. Over 325 medical staff have been trained to respond swiftly to these conditions, especially given the high temperatures. Pilgrims have expressed deep gratitude for the care, organization, and dedication in service provision, feeling welcomed and honored at every step. This commitment to service, described as “worship,” and hospitality, as an “honor,” is deeply embedded in the Kingdom’s efforts.
2. Blood Donation Initiatives: Saudi Arabia has achieved a global leading position in voluntary blood donation, ranking first worldwide in 2023 for the highest number of donors among 28 countries surveyed, with a 58% participation rate. The Ministry of Health spearheads extensive awareness campaigns to encourage blood donation, emphasizing its humanitarian role in saving lives and supporting the health sector. Efforts aim for self-sufficiency in central blood banks through mobile blood banks in public places and commercial centers. The “Wateen” application is the official blood donation app in the Kingdom, connecting donors with blood banks, facilitating requests, and tracking donation records. The application also raises awareness about the importance of blood donation and organizes regular campaigns. Donors receive various forms of recognition and appreciation certificates that contribute to their moral encouragement, reflecting a culture of giving in society. Blood donation offers proven health benefits to donors, including stimulating blood circulation, renewing red blood cells, reducing excess iron, improving heart health, and providing free health checks before each donation. Donors also experience significant psychological satisfaction from contributing to saving lives.
3. Elderly Care and Protection: The Kingdom places paramount importance on caring for the elderly, viewing it as a religious and national duty aligned with Vision 2030’s goal of enhancing the quality of life. The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development offers residential care in 12 specialized social care homes across the Kingdom. Services also include financial and in-kind assistance through the Social Security agency and the provision of assistive devices like wheelchairs and medical beds. A home care program provides follow-up visits to ensure their well-being. Saudi Arabia actively participates in the global awareness day against elder abuse on June 15. It condemns any act of abuse towards the elderly, defining it as any singular or repeated act or neglect that causes harm, including physical, sexual, emotional, financial, material, abandonment, neglect, or undignified treatment.
4. Advanced Medical Interventions: Saudi medical teams have demonstrated high capabilities in critical care. An instance highlighted is the successful rescue of an Iraqi pilgrim who suffered a severe brain hemorrhage at King Salman Medical City in Madinah. The medical teams, including neurosurgery, intensive care, and interventional radiology, performed a delicate interventional procedure using the Coiling technique to secure the ruptured artery. This case underscores the high readiness and integration of specialized medical fields within the Madinah health cluster, ensuring advanced care even in complex situations. Furthermore, the sources mention the potential role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in highly precise surgical operations, such as eye surgery, with aspirations for AI to enhance accuracy in other medical fields. The Kingdom aims to be among the top five countries globally in AI by 2030.

Challenges and Public Health Perspectives: Despite significant advancements, the sources also discuss challenges in public health, framed as a “health paradox”. While healthy lifestyles and preventive measures are crucial, they can often entail higher immediate costs, leading many individuals to continue unhealthy habits due to cheaper, readily available options. The sources question why the focus often remains on treating diseases rather than addressing their root causes, known as “social determinants of health”. There is an observed increase in lifestyle-related diseases like obesity, diabetes, and tooth decay, driven by changes in lifestyle and the pervasive availability of unhealthy processed foods. The Kingdom has implemented preventive measures like the selective tax on harmful products, but the proliferation of fast-food outlets continues to pose a challenge. The sources emphasize the need for a collective, cross-sectoral effort and policies that actively foster a healthier environment to make healthy choices more accessible and affordable for the community.

Saudi Vision 2030: Economic Diversification and Growth

Saudi Arabia is actively pursuing a comprehensive economic diversification strategy, primarily driven by its Vision 2030 plan, which aims to significantly reduce the national economy’s reliance on oil. This ambitious framework seeks to transform the Kingdom into a more balanced and integrated society, enhancing the quality of life for its citizens and residents.

Key sectors targeted for diversification and growth include:

• Tourism and Entertainment: A major focus is placed on enhancing the experiences for pilgrims performing Hajj and Umrah, with initiatives like the Nusuk electronic platform offering nearly a hundred services for planning and booking. Beyond religious tourism, the Kingdom is investing in a burgeoning entertainment sector, exemplified by events such as “Cirque 1903” shows in Jeddah. Efforts also extend to cultural industries, including an initiative to adapt Saudi novels into films, which is expected to yield substantial cultural, economic, and social benefits, creating new jobs within the “creative economy” sector. Culinary arts are also being showcased internationally to promote Saudi culture.
• Technology and Artificial Intelligence (AI): Saudi Arabia aims to rank among the top five countries globally in AI by 2030. The establishment of the Saudi Data and Artificial Intelligence Authority (SDAIA) and significant investments in AI by leading national companies like Aramco and SABIC underline this commitment. The potential applications of AI are envisioned across various fields, including highly precise surgical operations.
• Healthcare: The Kingdom is focusing on strengthening its healthcare capabilities, as demonstrated by successful critical interventions like brain hemorrhage surgeries. Initiatives to promote voluntary blood donation and achieve self-sufficiency in central blood banks also reflect efforts to bolster the health sector and public health awareness.
• Infrastructure and Real Estate: The expansion of Saudi banks into real estate financing is recognized as playing a “pivotal role in the urban transformation journey” aligned with Vision 2030’s large-scale projects. However, there is also an acknowledged need to diversify investments beyond an excessive reliance on real estate into other vital sectors such as technology, industry, renewable energy, and direct healthcare investments.
• Industry and Logistics: These sectors are highlighted by the World Bank as fundamental drivers for economic growth, reflecting the broader economic reforms designed to expand the non-oil economy.

The diversification strategy is supported by several enabling factors and initiatives:

• Women’s Empowerment: A core element of Vision 2030 is increasing women’s participation across economic, cultural, and social domains. This has seen their labor market participation rate rise from 19.3% in 2016 to 35.4% by Q2 2024, exceeding the 2030 target. This is facilitated by government support for employment, specialized education, and easier business establishment.
• Sound Financial Policies and Structural Reforms: The World Bank advises Saudi Arabia to maintain financial resilience by mobilizing non-oil revenues and strategically allocating investment spending. Crucial structural reforms are also in place to support long-term economic growth, focusing on improving the business environment and attracting private sector investments.
• Enhanced Governance: New governance systems for establishing government-owned companies aim to improve efficiency, transparency, and accountability in financial decisions, thereby underpinning overall economic development.

Overall, the World Bank provides a positive yet cautious outlook for the Saudi economy, anticipating continued growth primarily driven by the expansion of the non-oil sector. This positive trajectory is expected to be sustained by the Kingdom’s ongoing reformist approach and sound financial policies, despite global economic challenges such as slowing growth, inflation, and geopolitical tensions.

Saudi Arabia’s Commitment to Social Well-being and Vision 2030

Saudi Arabia’s approach to social well-being is multifaceted, reflecting a deep commitment to its citizens, residents, and visitors, guided by religious values and the transformative goals of Vision 2030. This commitment extends to fostering community solidarity, strengthening family bonds, promoting inclusion, enriching cultural life, and addressing various social challenges.

Community Support and Solidarity: The Kingdom places a strong emphasis on collective welfare and humanitarian efforts. This is evident in:

• Comprehensive Hajj and Umrah Services: Saudi Arabia provides extensive healthcare and logistical support to millions of pilgrims, ensuring their safety, security, and an enriching spiritual experience. This dedication is seen as an act of “worship” and “honor”, fostering a sense of welcome and care among pilgrims, who often express “deep gratitude”. The success of the Hajj season, characterized by “innovative and sustainable solutions” and a “culture of compliance,” highlights effective management of large human gatherings.
• Leading in Blood Donation: The Kingdom holds a global leading position in voluntary blood donation, driven by extensive awareness campaigns that emphasize its “humanitarian role in saving lives” and supporting the health sector. This initiative fosters a “culture of giving in society”, providing donors with “moral encouragement” and “psychological satisfaction” from contributing to saving lives.
• “Thulth Al-Adahi” Initiative: This program, dedicating one-third of sacrificial meat to the poor and needy, exemplifies organized community solidarity. It has seen increased participation, providing essential food resources and contributing to “food stability” for beneficiaries while reducing waste. This initiative also has an “educational dimension,” instilling a “culture of giving” and promoting “community participation” among new generations.

Family and Interpersonal Relationships:

• Strengthening Family Bonds: The tradition of Hajj gifts is highlighted as a means for pilgrims to express joy and strengthen “family bonds” and “love” upon their return.
• The Sanctity of Marriage: Marriage is described as a “sacred bond” essential for building a “stable family” and a “strong society” rooted in “love, mercy, respect, and tolerance”. The sources emphasize mutual support, communication, and compromise over conflict, asserting that “the highest marriages are those who do not deny kindness and affection, even in the midst of conflict”.
• Promoting Reading in Children: The “Child Reads” initiative aims to instill a love for reading in children and reinforce “family bonds” through shared reading experiences and interactive sessions. This contributes to early childhood development and strengthens familial ties.

Inclusion and Empowerment:

• Women’s Empowerment: A core element of Vision 2030 is increasing women’s participation across economic, cultural, and social domains. Their labor market participation has significantly risen, exceeding Vision 2030 targets. This empowerment, supported by government programs for employment and education, contributes to “social justice” and a “sense of belonging and responsibility” within the community.
• Elderly Care and Protection: The Kingdom prioritizes caring for the elderly as a “religious and national duty”. Services include residential care in specialized homes, financial and in-kind assistance, assistive devices, and home care programs. Saudi Arabia actively participates in global awareness against elder abuse, condemning any act of physical, sexual, emotional, financial abuse, abandonment, or neglect. The sources acknowledge the global challenge of an aging population and the “dire need for a comprehensive systematic correction” in care systems to ensure the dignity and rights of older persons.

Cultural and Intellectual Enrichment:

• Literary and Cultural Engagement: The “Literary Partner” initiative transforms cafes into vibrant “forums for thought and dialogue”, promoting reading and cultural activities, which fosters a dynamic cultural scene and intellectual exchange.
• Developing Creative Industries: Investments in adapting Saudi novels into films are expected to yield “cultural, economic, and social benefits,” creating jobs in the “creative economy” and fostering a distinct national narrative. Similarly, showcasing Saudi culinary arts internationally promotes cultural identity and exchange.
• Preserving Heritage: The intricate “inscriptions and calligraphy” on the walls of the Prophet’s Mosque are celebrated as a unique blend of “artistic beauty and Arabic language eloquence,” embodying a rich cultural heritage and spiritual significance.

Addressing Social Challenges:

• Moral Crisis of Negative Talk: The sources identify negative talk about others as a “moral crisis” that corrodes the soul and hinders trust, emphasizing the importance of good character, kindness, and self-reflection for a healthy social environment.
• “Health Paradox”: While not solely a social issue, the discussion of the “health paradox” highlights the societal challenge of lifestyle-related diseases (e.g., obesity, diabetes, tooth decay) driven by the pervasive availability of unhealthy processed foods. The sources advocate for a “collective, cross-sectoral effort” and policies to create a healthier environment, making healthy choices more accessible and affordable, indicating an awareness of social determinants of health.
• Combating Fraud: While primarily economic, the discussion on fraud notes its significant financial and psychological impact on victims, highlighting the need for vigilance and caution in financial dealings to protect individuals from harm. The fact that the most vulnerable populations are targeted for specific scams (e.g., the elderly with “magic medicines”) underscores the social aspect of this issue.

By Amjad Izhar
Contact: amjad.izhar@gmail.com
https://amjadizhar.blog

Affiliate Disclosure: This blog may contain affiliate links, which means I may earn a small commission if you click on the link and make a purchase. This comes at no additional cost to you. I only recommend products or services that I believe will add value to my readers. Your support helps keep this blog running and allows me to continue providing you with quality content. Thank you for your support!

The sources offer a comprehensive look at Saudi Arabia’s efforts and achievements across various sectors, particularly focusing on the management and evolution of the Hajj pilgrimage. Several articles highlight the Kingdom’s commitment to sustainability through innovative environmental technologies and robust transportation systems, alongside its humanitarian response capabilities during large gatherings. The texts also illuminate the significant role of Saudi women in organizing and supporting the Hajj, emphasizing their increasing empowerment within society. Furthermore, the collection provides historical context for the Hajj, showcasing the transformation of the journey from arduous treks to modern, well-organized experiences, and presents a biographical sketch of Mohammed Al-Harkan, a key figure in the Saudi justice system. Finally, the sources touch upon Saudi Arabia’s broader ambitions, including its economic diversification into space industries and sports, underscoring a vision for future growth and global leadership.

Saudi Arabia’s Hajj Management: A Global Model

Hajj management by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is characterized by efficiency, foresight, and a comprehensive approach aimed at ensuring the safety, comfort, and spiritual fulfillment of millions of pilgrims. This endeavor is not merely a religious gathering but a major humanitarian, developmental, security, and technological project, reflecting the Kingdom’s commitment to its Islamic message and its responsibility towards the Muslim world. The success of Hajj management is a recurring and distinct feature, not just a fleeting accomplishment.

Here are the key aspects of Hajj management:

• Visionary Leadership and Oversight The success of Hajj is a direct result of the wise leadership and continuous follow-up by the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz, and Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. The Crown Prince’s personal supervision and monitoring of all Hajj plans and their minute details underscore the leadership’s dedication to ensuring the utmost comfort and tranquility for pilgrims. This commitment is seen as a national and supreme priority.
• Comprehensive Planning and Coordination Hajj preparations begin a full year in advance, involving coordination plans among over 20 government agencies. This meticulous planning, including setting objectives, allocating resources, and managing risks, is crucial for handling millions of pilgrims within a limited geographical area and a few days. Agencies involved include the Ministry of Hajj and Umrah, Ministry of Interior, health authorities, and security sectors, working in seamless integration.
• Advanced Technological Integration and Digital Transformation The Kingdom has transformed Hajj management into a digitally managed event, making it a global model in logistics, crowd management, safety, and cultural diversity.
• Smart Hajj Card: A digital card containing pilgrims’ personal, health, and logistical information, facilitating access to various services, managing crowds, and reducing errors.
• “Nusuk” Platform and Smart Applications: Electronic platforms like “Nusuk” allow pilgrims to book services, access linguistic support, religious guidance, and location-based information (e.g., health centers, rest areas).
• AI and Big Data: Artificial intelligence and big data are utilized to analyze movement, predict congestion, and manage crowd distribution with precise schedules.
• Surveillance Systems: Smart cameras, drones, and geographical tracking systems monitor pilgrim movement, manage entry/exit points, and provide rapid support in emergencies.
• Health Services: Digital health records for each pilgrim, telemedicine, and swift emergency response are part of the advanced health services.
• Internet Access: Free internet access is provided to millions of pilgrims to communicate with their families and access information and guidance services.
• Electronic Payment: Facilitating electronic payments reduces the use of cash, enhancing financial security.
• “No Hajj Without a Permit” Campaign: This national awareness and regulatory campaign ensures that no one performs Hajj without an official permit, aiming to regulate pilgrim movement, prevent overcrowding, and ensure safety and ease. This initiative prevents chaotic practices, ensuring orderly and comfortable performance of rituals for all pilgrims.
• Robust Logistics and Infrastructure Massive investments have been made in expanding and modernizing infrastructure in the Holy Sites.
• Transportation: Over 20,000 buses are deployed, along with modern electric train networks like the Mashaer Railway, which can transport 300,000 pilgrims per hour, significantly reducing congestion and emissions. The “Makkah Route Initiative” in cooperation with 8 countries streamlines pilgrims’ entry procedures at their home country airports, transporting them directly to their accommodations in Mecca and Medina.
• Accommodation: Over 355,000 hotel rooms meeting high standards are available to ensure pilgrim comfort and tranquility.
• Mina Development: The development projects in Mina, including air-conditioned tents and facilities, and the expansion of the Jamarat Bridge across four levels, allow 300,000 pilgrims to complete the ritual in one hour.
• Comprehensive Health and Safety Measures The Kingdom prioritizes pilgrims’ health and safety with a comprehensive medical system and proactive measures.
• Medical Facilities: 25 hospitals and 156 health centers are operational in Mecca, Mina, Arafat, Muzdalifah, and Medina, equipped with over 5,000 beds, including 1,300 intensive care beds and 700 emergency beds.
• Medical Personnel: Over 32,000 qualified medical staff, including doctors, nurses, and paramedics, are trained for specific Hajj conditions like heat stroke and infectious diseases.
• Preventive Care: Mobile medical teams provide examinations, vaccinations, and primary treatments. Emergency services include a fleet of ambulances and medical evacuation aircraft for rapid interventions.
• Cooling Technologies: Initiatives like cooling asphalt surfaces in Mecca and the Holy Sites reduce temperatures by 15-20 degrees Celsius, enhancing pilgrim comfort and reducing energy consumption. The use of misting fans by volunteers also aids in cooling.
• Zero Epidemic Injuries: The Hajj season achieved a “zero epidemic injuries” record, reflecting the robust health efforts and high awareness among pilgrims.
• Environmental Sustainability (“Green Hajj”) Under Vision 2030, Hajj is transforming into a global model for environmental sustainability.
• Renewable Energy: Efforts include utilizing solar energy for operating camps and health facilities. An expert noted that designing covered umbrellas with flexible solar cells could provide shade and generate clean energy.
• Sustainable Transportation: The Mashaer Railway operates entirely on electricity, significantly reducing harmful gas emissions and congestion. Electric buses and potentially even electric air taxis are being introduced.
• Waste Management: Advanced methods like recycling and bio-decomposition are used for managing the massive waste generated. Innovative technologies are being developed to convert food waste into organic fertilizer. Smart applications and sensor-equipped containers are planned for real-time waste tracking and processing.
• Environmental Awareness: Pilgrims are educated on environmental concepts and encouraged to participate in green behaviors like waste sorting.
• Humanitarian and Cultural Focus Hajj is seen as a civilizational project expressing peace, organization, human coexistence, and dignity.
• Pilgrim Dignity: Ensuring a safe and comfortable environment, providing free healthcare, and respectful treatment by all staff, regardless of pilgrims’ language, color, or nationality, are core values.
• Cultural Diversity: Hajj brings together millions from over 180 nationalities. The Kingdom successfully manages this diversity by respecting privacy, using multi-language translations for sermons, guidance, and informational materials, and deploying volunteers and translators.
• Women’s Pivotal Role: Saudi women play an increasingly active and vital role in Hajj management, participating in various sectors including guidance, awareness, healthcare, and logistics. Their presence in the field adds a significant human and professional dimension, especially in interacting with female pilgrims.
• Volunteerism: Saudi youth contribute significantly to Hajj through various voluntary efforts, providing medical care, organizing crowds, and assisting pilgrims, demonstrating the Kingdom’s commitment to serving pilgrims.
• Historical Context Serving the Two Holy Mosques has been a core project and sovereign responsibility of the Saudi state since its establishment in the mid-12th century Hijri (18th century CE). Historically, the journey to Hajj was arduous and time-consuming, often taking months, involving travel by camels and unpaved roads. The advent of cars reduced travel time significantly, and today, organized travel by air-conditioned buses and planes has made Hajj a smooth and comfortable experience. The continuous expansion and modernization of the Two Holy Mosques have been central to this historical commitment.

The continuous success of Hajj management, year after year, underscores the Kingdom’s competence and dedication in serving pilgrims. It has become a global model for large-scale human gatherings, recognized by international organizations and media outlets for its efficiency, technological innovation, and humanitarian values.

Saudi Arabia’s Sustainable Hajj Vision 2030

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is actively pursuing sustainable initiatives in Hajj management, aiming to transform it into a global model for environmental sustainability under the ambitious Vision 2030. This commitment integrates deeply with national priorities for development. The approach to Hajj sustainability is not merely an optional environmental measure but a necessity that blends religious values with modern technologies.

Here are the key aspects of these sustainable initiatives:

• Holistic Vision for a Sustainable Hajj:
• The Hajj season, with its annual influx of millions of pilgrims from diverse nations, presents significant environmental and infrastructural challenges. The Kingdom’s vision for a sustainable Hajj comprehensively covers environmental, technical/administrative, and behavioral/cultural dimensions.
• It emphasizes the ethical dimension of sustainability, framing the preservation of the Holy Sites’ resources as a religious responsibility aligned with Islamic teachings against wastefulness and for earth’s stewardship. Sustainable behavior during Hajj is viewed as an act of worship, transforming environmental awareness from a mere commitment into a conscious act of devotion.
• The Hajj is seen as a global model for balancing religion and technology, holiness and clean energy.
• Environmental Sustainability Efforts:
• Reducing Emissions and Pollution: Efforts are focused on lessening pollution in air and water by reducing harmful emissions.
• Advanced Waste Management: The immense waste generated in the Holy Sites is managed through advanced methods such as recycling and bio-decomposition. Plans include using smart applications and sensor-equipped containers for real-time waste tracking and processing, with an aim to transition towards a circular economy. Innovations like devices that convert food waste into organic fertilizer (200 kg of food waste to 10% fertilizer in 12-18 hours) have been piloted in “model camps”.
• Protecting Natural Areas: Initiatives include safeguarding the natural areas and geological environment of Makkah and the Holy Sites.
• Technological and Administrative Sustainability:
• Solar Energy Utilization: There is a significant focus on deploying solar energy to power camps and health facilities in Arafat, Mina, and Muzdalifah, providing clean energy for vital services and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Experts highlight Makkah’s climate as ideal for solar energy production due to continuous sunlight, proposing innovative solutions like covered umbrellas with flexible solar cells that provide shade and generate clean energy.
• Smart Hajj and AI Integration: Artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things (IoT) are employed for crowd management and emergency response.
• Sustainable Transportation Systems: The Mashaer Railway operates entirely on electricity, significantly reducing harmful gas emissions and congestion. The introduction of electric buses and even a trial of an electric air taxi during the 1445H (2024) season marks a commitment to low-emission transport. These initiatives aim to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and improve pilgrim flow.
• Behavioral and Cultural Sustainability:
• Pilgrim Environmental Awareness: Efforts include educating pilgrims in multiple languages about environmental concepts and encouraging participation in green behaviors like waste sorting. This aims to embed concepts of belonging and environmental responsibility, transforming the individual worship experience into a collective behavior.
• Integrating Sustainability in Religious Discourse: Concepts of sustainability are being incorporated into sermons, rituals, and informational materials.
• Impactful Initiatives and Projects:
• Makkah Smart and Sustainable Project: This project involves a digital infrastructure relying on renewable energy to reduce costs and emissions.
• Cooling Asphalt Surfaces Initiative: To combat high temperatures, a special paint made from local materials is used on asphalt surfaces in Makkah and the Holy Sites (including Arafat, Mina, and Muzdalifah). This technology reduces heat absorption and effectively lowers road temperatures by 15-20 degrees Celsius, enhancing pilgrim comfort, reducing reliance on artificial cooling, and decreasing indirect carbon emissions from air conditioning. This initiative also aims to improve air quality.
• “Ihram Sustainable” Initiative: This project successfully collected 50 tons of ihrams and 300,000 pillows during the 1445H Hajj season, representing a significant environmental achievement in textile management.
• Waste Removal by Holy Capital Municipality: The municipality removed over 87,500 tons of waste in one season, showcasing coordinated institutional efforts to protect the environment.
• Challenges and Future Outlook:
• Despite significant progress, challenges remain, such as multi-agency coordination and ensuring suppliers adhere to sustainability standards.
• The Kingdom plans to further expand renewable energy integration to all temporary and permanent facilities and incentivize local innovation for smart, religiously- and technologically-aligned solutions.
• The ultimate goal is to make the Hajj a perfectly sustainable and environmentally balanced experience for future generations.

These ongoing efforts under Vision 2030 position the Holy Sites as a model for environmental sustainability, demonstrating the Kingdom’s commitment to both serving pilgrims and preserving the environment.

Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030: A Transformative National Roadmap

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 serves as a comprehensive roadmap for national development, aiming to diversify and grow national income sources beyond oil. This vision places a strong emphasis on sustainability and has profoundly transformed various sectors, including Hajj management, industrial development, women’s empowerment, and the emerging space economy.

1. Hajj Management: A Global Model for Sustainability and Efficiency

Under Vision 2030, Hajj management is being transformed into a global model for environmental sustainability. This commitment is not merely an optional measure but a necessity that integrates religious values with modern technologies.

• Holistic Approach to Sustainability: The vision for a sustainable Hajj encompasses environmental, technical/administrative, and behavioral/cultural dimensions. It frames the preservation of Holy Sites’ resources as a religious responsibility, aligning with Islamic teachings against wastefulness and for earth’s stewardship, turning environmental awareness into a conscious act of devotion.
• Environmental Initiatives:Waste Management: Advanced methods like recycling and bio-decomposition are employed for the immense waste generated. Plans include using smart applications and sensor-equipped containers for real-time waste tracking, moving towards a circular economy. Innovations like devices that convert food waste into organic fertilizer have been piloted in “model camps”.
• Pollution Reduction: Efforts focus on lessening air and water pollution by reducing harmful emissions.
• Natural Area Protection: Safeguarding the natural and geological environment of Makkah and the Holy Sites is a key initiative.
• Technological and Administrative Advancements:Renewable Energy: Significant focus is placed on deploying solar energy to power camps and health facilities in Arafat, Mina, and Muzdalifah, reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Experts highlight Makkah’s climate as ideal for solar energy, proposing innovative solutions like covered umbrellas with flexible solar cells that provide shade and generate clean energy.
• Smart Hajj and AI Integration: Artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) are utilized for crowd management and emergency response. Smart Hajj cards carry personal and health information to streamline services.
• Sustainable Transportation: The Mashaer Railway operates entirely on electricity, significantly reducing harmful gas emissions and congestion. The introduction of electric buses and even a trial of an electric air taxi during the 1445H (2024) season underscores the commitment to low-emission transport.
• Cooling Asphalt Surfaces: A special paint reduces heat absorption on asphalt surfaces in Makkah and the Holy Sites, effectively lowering road temperatures by 15-20 degrees Celsius, enhancing pilgrim comfort and reducing indirect carbon emissions from air conditioning.
• Behavioral and Cultural Integration: Programs are in place to educate pilgrims in multiple languages about environmental concepts and encourage green behaviors like waste sorting, embedding a sense of environmental responsibility. Sustainability concepts are also incorporated into religious discourse and materials.

2. Industrial Development and Economic Diversification

Vision 2030 identifies industry and mining as crucial economic pillars, aiming to increase their contribution to 15% of the GDP by 2030.

• “Nadleb” Program: The “National Industry Development and Logistics Program” (Nadleb) is central to this, focusing on increasing local content in vital sectors such as energy, health, technology, defense, and manufacturing industries. The goal is to raise local content to 50% in these sectors.
• Investment and Job Creation: The initiative aims to stimulate direct industrial investment, facilitate licensing, and create quality job opportunities for citizens in engineering, operation, and industrial management.
• Global Industrial Hub: The broader ambition is to transform the Kingdom into a leading industrial and logistics hub connecting Asia, Africa, and Europe.
• Specific Industrial Clusters: Saudi Arabia has launched several industrial clusters to enhance food security, including the largest food manufacturing cluster in Jeddah, which aims to attract over 800 factories by 2035 with investments reaching 20 billion riyals. There are also efforts to localize military industries, targeting over 50% of government spending on military equipment and services by 2030.

3. Women’s Empowerment

Vision 2030 seeks to empower women and enhance their role in society. This is evident in the Hajj sector, where Saudi women are increasingly taking on pivotal roles:

• Diverse Roles: Women are active participants in organizational, administrative, advocacy, guidance, healthcare, and logistical support services during Hajj.
• Field Presence: Saudi women have a noticeable presence in fieldwork, including monitoring, inspection, organization, providing support, guidance, translation, and receiving reports related to pilgrim services.
• Specialized Training: Female cadres receive intensive, specialized training to perform their duties efficiently and professionally, covering crowd management strategies, emergency procedures, communication skills (including sign language for those with disabilities), and psychological support.
• Cultural and Humanistic Bridge: Women’s presence on the ground adds a humanistic dimension, particularly in dealing with female pilgrims, enhancing communication and service quality while respecting cultural and religious sensitivities.

4. Emerging Space Economy

Vision 2030 also ventures into new economic frontiers, including the space economy.

• Diversification Beyond Traditional Assets: This strategic move aims to redefine economic value beyond traditional resources, viewing space not as a void but as “space full of opportunities”.
• Local Capabilities and Innovation: The Saudi Space Commission, as the executive arm, is mapping out a strategy to build local capabilities in space manufacturing, develop advanced space services, and localize technologies.
• Focus on Data and Satellites: The strategy emphasizes manufacturing small satellites and utilizing space data for economic decision-making, monitoring water and agricultural resources, urban planning, and disaster management.
• Job Creation: This sector is expected to generate thousands of quality jobs in fields like engineering, data science, and AI, nurturing Saudi human capital for the future.

5. Overarching Themes and Impact

Vision 2030 has ingrained a philosophy of continuous improvement, planning, and innovation across all sectors. The Kingdom emphasizes that serving pilgrims is a supreme national and religious priority and a sovereign responsibility. This commitment has transformed Hajj into a unique spiritual, humanistic, and organizational experience, reflecting the true image of Islam. The success of Hajj management, supported by strategic planning and robust digital transformation, serves as a global model for responsible leadership in managing massive annual human gatherings.

Saudi Vision 2030: Women’s Empowerment in Hajj and Creative Fields

Saudi Vision 2030 places a strong emphasis on women’s empowerment and enhancing their role across various sectors of society. This commitment is evident in several areas, including Hajj management and creative industries.

1. Empowerment in Hajj Management: Under Vision 2030, women are increasingly taking on pivotal roles in Hajj services, reflecting the Kingdom’s goal to enable women to play a more significant part in society.

• Diverse and Pivotal Roles: Saudi women are actively involved in a wide range of services during Hajj, including organizational, administrative, advocacy, guidance, healthcare, and logistical support. Their presence is notable in fieldwork, encompassing monitoring, inspection, organization, support provision, guidance, translation, and receiving pilgrim reports. They also play a crucial role in managing crowds and ensuring safety within the Grand Mosque and Holy Sites, working alongside other sectors like General Security, Passports, Civil Defense, the Ministry of Hajj and Umrah, and the Saudi Red Crescent Authority.
• Specialized Training and Professionalism: Female cadres receive intensive, specialized training to perform their duties efficiently and professionally. This training covers crowd management strategies, emergency procedures, communication skills (including sign language for those with disabilities), and psychological support. They also receive certification in first aid to handle urgent health cases. This comprehensive qualification ensures their readiness to interact effectively with pilgrims from diverse nationalities and cultures.
• Cultural and Humanistic Bridge: The presence of women on the ground adds a humanistic dimension to Hajj services, particularly in interactions with female pilgrims. This facilitates direct communication, enhances service quality, and respects cultural and religious sensitivities. They act as a “living bridge” between cultures, breaking language barriers and fostering understanding by conveying messages and support in a way that respects pilgrims’ backgrounds and feelings. Their presence helps create an atmosphere of psychological comfort and tranquility, especially in crowded areas like the circumambulation (Tawaf), striving (Sa’i), and the Jamarat area.
• Historical Continuity: The empowerment of Saudi women in Hajj management draws inspiration from the historical roles of Makkan women, including the Mothers of the Believers and venerable female companions, who offered support, guidance, and care to pilgrims.

2. Impact and Vision 2030 Alignment: The integration of Saudi women in Hajj services is a tangible outcome of Vision 2030’s aims to increase women’s participation in the labor market and enhance their role in various vital sectors. This focus ensures that women are active partners in national development, reflecting a modern Saudi identity that balances adherence to Islamic values with openness to modernity and global engagement. The significant progress made in women’s participation, particularly since the launch of Vision 2030, demonstrates the Kingdom’s commitment to creating quality job opportunities and leveraging national capabilities.

3. Women’s Empowerment in Other Sectors: Beyond Hajj, Vision 2030 has broadly impacted women’s roles in other areas:

• Cultural and Creative Industries: The Saudi cultural scene, invigorated by Vision 2030, has seen a significant increase in the involvement of Saudi women in creative fields such as writing, cinematic directing, fine arts, and publishing. This reflects the Kingdom’s growing awareness of the importance of culture in building societies and fostering innovation.
• Film Industry: Director Hana Al-Omair’s journey, as discussed in the “Fasila” podcast, exemplifies the challenges and opportunities for women in the nascent Saudi film industry. Her work highlights the need for continued development in the sector to balance self-expression with audience engagement and establish Saudi cinema locally and globally.

Overall, women’s empowerment under Saudi Vision 2030 is presented as a strategic transformation aimed at fostering a more dynamic and inclusive society, recognizing women as crucial partners in national development and achieving the Kingdom’s ambitious goals.

Hajj: A Global Media Phenomenon and Ambassador of Islam

Saudi Vision 2030 underscores the Kingdom’s commitment to enhancing various sectors, and a notable aspect of this is the global media coverage of the Hajj pilgrimage. Hajj is presented not merely as a religious ritual but as a global human phenomenon that garners widespread international attention.

Here’s a detailed discussion of media coverage concerning Hajj, drawing from the provided sources:

• Global Phenomenon and Broad Appeal: The Hajj is recognized as a global event due to its numerical scale, organizational complexity, and its unique human spectacle where diverse languages and cultures converge. It has become a subject of constant interest in the coverage of major international news agencies, attracting the attention of journalists, photographers, academics, and cultural observers from various backgrounds, including those of different religions and cultures. This annual gathering of over two million people from more than 160 nationalities in one place at one time for unified rituals is considered a rare and unparalleled global event.
• Scope and Nature of Coverage: International media outlets cover Hajj from multiple angles, including its religious, logistical, humanitarian, and cultural dimensions.
• Humanitarian and Spiritual Focus: Global photographers capture rich human material, showcasing emotions of devotion, solidarity, and surrender to God. These images, often depicting millions of pilgrims circumambulating the Kaaba or standing on Mount Arafat in white Ihram, are widely circulated due to their symbolism and inspiration.
• Organizational Prowess: News agencies like Reuters have described Hajj as the largest organized human gathering in the world, commending Saudi Arabia’s exceptional capability in managing and securing over two million pilgrims within a limited geographical area and a short period, utilizing advanced technologies and integrated service networks.
• Technological Advancements: Media reports highlight the unprecedented technological and service developments witnessed in recent Hajj seasons, which have significantly enhanced efficiency and safety. This transformation in Hajj management has been clearly conveyed by global media, showcasing Hajj as an advanced civilized model that reflects the true image of Islam.
• Academic Interest: Beyond journalistic coverage, Hajj is studied by researchers from prestigious universities like Harvard and Oxford as a case study in fields such as crowd management, cultural impact, and comparative religion. These studies illustrate how Hajj presents an image of Islam characterized by tolerance, openness, and discipline.
• Key Media Outlets and Their Reporting:
• Major News Agencies: Prominent international news organizations such as BBC, CNN, Reuters, and France Press regularly feature Hajj in their coverage. For instance, BBC has published numerous television and pictorial reports, documenting the poignant moments of Hajj rituals and emphasizing its global appeal.
• Global Newspapers: Major international newspapers like The Guardian and The New York Times annually publish unique and impactful images capturing the devotion and unity of pilgrims.
• Documentary Programs: Channels like National Geographic (with programs like “Inside Mecca”) have documented the Hajj journey from the perspectives of pilgrims from various countries, showing how Muslims unite in their highest spiritual and humanitarian forms.
• Differences in Coverage (Arab vs. Western Media): Some observations point to a distinction in how different regional media cover Hajj. According to journalist Atheer Al-Zarfani, Arab media tends to focus on the spiritual and organizational aspects, while Western media often highlights humanitarian issues, cultural diversity, and the personal experiences of pilgrims, along with the organizational innovations.
• Impact on Global Perception of Islam: Hajj serves as the “truest ambassador” of Islam globally. It presents the religion’s essence in a live and embodied form to people of diverse faiths and cultures, leaving a profound impression and challenging existing stereotypes. In an era where extremist narratives might distort the understanding of Islam, Hajj re-presents the religion in its authentic form, promoting peace, order, discipline, devotion, equality, and mercy. The American journalist Michael Wolfe, in “The Architecture of Islam,” noted that Hajj exemplifies how religion unites people, irrespective of wealth, race, or color, in their submission to a single Creator.
• Facilitation of Media Coverage: Saudi Arabia provides extensive facilities for media professionals. In 2023, over 2000 media personnel from 150 countries covered the Hajj rituals, benefiting from digital permits and technologies that facilitate their movement within the Holy Sites. The dedicated media presence in the field is described as “huge and magnificent,” with a primary focus on serving religion and the nation.
• Strategic Use of Hajj (Soft Diplomacy): The Hajj is also recognized as a “soft political tool” by some countries with large pilgrim populations. Nations like Indonesia, Turkey, and Pakistan leverage their Hajj support programs to enhance their international influence and build diplomatic ties. By demonstrating commitment to Islamic values through Hajj organization, these countries gain domestic popularity and reinforce their image as leading Islamic nations, thereby increasing their weight in international forums like the Organization of Islamic Cooperation.

By Amjad Izhar
Contact: amjad.izhar@gmail.com
https://amjadizhar.blog

Affiliate Disclosure: This blog may contain affiliate links, which means I may earn a small commission if you click on the link and make a purchase. This comes at no additional cost to you. I only recommend products or services that I believe will add value to my readers. Your support helps keep this blog running and allows me to continue providing you with quality content. Thank you for your support!

The provided sources offer a multi-faceted overview of recent developments and ongoing efforts within Saudi Arabia, primarily focusing on the Hajj pilgrimage and its management. They detail the Kingdom’s comprehensive strategies to enhance pilgrim experience through improved infrastructure, advanced health services, and innovative digital solutions. Beyond the pilgrimage, the texts touch upon Saudi Arabia’s burgeoning tourism sector, its commitment to sustainable agricultural development, and its role in fostering inter-civilizational dialogue. Additionally, the sources discuss the global frozen food market, geopolitical events such as the Ukraine war and oil market dynamics, and the broader societal impact of technology and stress.

The Unprecedented Success of Hajj 1446 AH

The management of Hajj in Saudi Arabia, particularly for the year 1446 AH (2025 CE), has been consistently described in the sources as an exceptional and unprecedented success. This achievement is primarily attributed to the divine grace of God, the wise directives of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, and the continuous, meticulous follow-up by His Royal Highness the Crown Prince, Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud.

Key aspects and initiatives of Hajj management include:

• Integrated National System and Collaboration
• The success is a result of a comprehensive and integrated system involving various government and non-government sectors, including the Ministries of Health, Hajj and Umrah, Interior, Civil Defense, and numerous security agencies, as well as thousands of volunteers.
• These entities performed their roles with high professionalism and dedication, working in harmony to achieve a single goal: making Hajj a safe, spiritual, and civilized experience.
• The Supreme Hajj Committee extended gratitude to over 420,070 participants in Hajj 1446 AH through electronic thank you certificates, recognizing their immense efforts.
• Meticulous Planning and Execution
• The Hajj plans, encompassing security, health, preventive, organizational, service, and traffic aspects, were implemented with precision and thoroughness.
• The “No Hajj without a permit” campaign, initiated by the Ministry of Interior, was a crucial organizational step that significantly contributed to maintaining security and order, ensuring a smooth and organized Hajj experience. This measure was not merely regulatory but aimed at preserving the dignity of pilgrims.
• Technological Advancement and Digital Transformation
• The Kingdom has extensively adopted advanced technologies and smart systems, including artificial intelligence (AI), cybersecurity, smart robots, and drones, to enhance service delivery and proactive response to pilgrim needs.
• The Nusuk platform serves as a unified digital platform for pilgrims, facilitating the issuance of Umrah permits, booking services, and overall journey planning. Umrah visas now require a documented accommodation contract through this platform to ensure service quality.
• The Smart Engineering Center for Command and Control for the Grand Mosque and the Prophet’s Mosque affairs was launched in its pilot phase to improve service quality and decision-making.
• Smart screens provide real-time data for tawaf and sa’i, enhancing efficiency.
• Drone technology was effectively used for rapid delivery of medicines and vaccines to field medical facilities, reducing delivery time to as little as 5 minutes.
• Telemedicine services, such as remote consultations and quick diagnoses via video calls, contributed to efficient health service delivery.
• Infrastructure and Service Development
• Kadana Company implemented over 22 developmental projects in the Holy Sites for Hajj 1446 AH. These include:
• Projects to reduce heat stress, such as rubber pathways spanning over 190,000 square meters, more than 6,500 misting columns, and over 180,000 square meters of shaded areas, which resulted in a 90% reduction in heat stress cases.
• Over 290,000 square meters of green spaces were developed.
• More than 4,500 water coolers and drinking stations were distributed.
• Rest areas were established along pedestrian paths to aid pilgrims in regaining their energy.
• Accommodation capacity in Mina was increased through double-decker tents, supported by over 110,000 water facilities and new escalators to facilitate movement, especially for the elderly.
• Over 100 commercial units were developed in the holy sites, including partnerships with 20 leading brands, to enhance shopping services.
• 72 service centers were established to provide water and provisions.
• Transportation: The Masha’er Train transported approximately 1.87 million pilgrims between Mina, Muzdalifah, and Arafat across 2,154 trips during Hajj 1446 AH. The Haramain High-Speed Rail also plays a vital role in connecting pilgrims between Mecca and Medina. There were 46 new projects to enhance the electrical system in Mecca and the Holy Sites, costing over 3 billion riyals and increasing capacity by 75%.
• Pilgrim Experience and Care
• Pilgrims consistently expressed their comfort, security, and tranquility during Hajj.
• The Ministry of Health provided over 102,000 health services, including emergency care, transfers to hospitals, ICU admissions, cardiac catheterizations, and open-heart surgeries.
• A strong ethical commitment ensured that medical care was provided to all pilgrims, regardless of their permit status or ability to identify themselves, aligning with Islamic values and professional ethics.
• The “Medical Brotherhood” system was activated for air and ground transport of critical cases.
• The Arafat sermon was translated into 35 international languages, and awareness brochures were distributed in 9 languages, enhancing guidance for pilgrims.
• Cultural enrichment initiatives included exhibitions and visits to historical and religious sites, with over 59,000 visitors to the Grand Mosque Library and the King Abdulaziz Complex for the Holy Kaaba Kiswa.
• The General Presidency for the Affairs of the Grand Mosque and the Prophet’s Mosque oversaw the distribution of Zamzam water, providing over 293,000 bottles and utilizing special drinking fountains. They also provided thousands of electric and manual carts for pilgrims and established luggage storage centers.
• Continuous Improvement and Global Model
• The Kingdom’s proactive approach to Hajj management is evident in its commitment to continuous improvement, with preparations for the next Hajj season beginning immediately after the current one concludes.
• Saudi Arabia has become a global model in managing massive human gatherings and organizing pilgrimages, thanks to its accumulated expertise and ambitious vision.
• Pilgrim Statistics
• Hajj 1446 AH hosted 1,673,230 pilgrims, with 1,506,576 coming from outside the Kingdom and 166,654 from within.
• The Umrah season in 1445 AH saw a record 16,924,000 Umrah performers. The goal is to reach 15 million Umrah performers annually by 2025.

Overall, the Hajj management is characterized by a strong governmental commitment, advanced technological integration, massive infrastructure development, comprehensive health and logistical services, and a deep ethical consideration for the well-being of all pilgrims, reflecting the nation’s Vision 2030.

Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 Tourism Transformation

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is undertaking significant and multifaceted initiatives to advance its tourism sector, driven by Vision 2030 which aims to position the nation as a leading global tourism destination. This comprehensive approach encompasses ambitious targets, technological integration, infrastructure development, and a strong focus on enhancing the visitor experience.

Here are key aspects of tourism development in Saudi Arabia:

• Strategic Vision and Ambitious Targets:
• The Kingdom is committed to accelerating its tourism sector, with a goal to host 150 million visitors annually by 2030, supported by qualitative investments in infrastructure and rich tourism seasons.
• In 2024, Saudi Arabia welcomed approximately 116 million visitors, demonstrating significant progress towards its Vision 2030 targets.
• The “Serving Guests of Rahman” program, initiated by the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, aims to facilitate the hosting of Umrah performers and pilgrims, offering high-quality services and enriching their spiritual and cultural experience. This program sets a goal to raise the capacity for 15 million Umrah performers annually by 2025.
• Digital Transformation and Technological Integration:
• Saudi Arabia has adopted advanced technologies and smart systems, including artificial intelligence (AI), cybersecurity, smart robots, and drones, to enhance service delivery and respond proactively to pilgrim and visitor needs.
• The Nusuk platform serves as a unified digital platform for pilgrims, streamlining the issuance of Umrah permits, booking services, and overall journey planning. For example, Umrah visas now require a documented accommodation contract through this platform to ensure service quality.
• The Smart Engineering Center for Command and Control for the Grand Mosque and the Prophet’s Mosque affairs has been launched in its pilot phase to improve service quality and decision-making.
• Drones have been effectively utilized for rapid delivery of medicines and vaccines to field medical facilities during Hajj, reducing delivery time to as little as 5 minutes. Telemedicine services, such as remote consultations and quick diagnoses via video calls, have also contributed to efficient health service delivery.
• Infrastructure and Service Development:
• Kadana Company has implemented over 22 developmental projects in the Holy Sites for Hajj 1446 AH, which significantly enhance the overall visitor experience. These include projects to reduce heat stress, such as rubber pathways spanning over 190,000 square meters, more than 6,500 misting columns, and over 180,000 square meters of shaded areas, resulting in a 90% reduction in heat stress cases.
• Over 290,000 square meters of green spaces have been developed. More than 4,500 water coolers and drinking stations have been distributed. Rest areas have been established along pedestrian paths to aid pilgrims.
• Accommodation capacity in Mina was increased through double-decker tents, supported by over 110,000 water facilities and new escalators to facilitate movement.
• Over 100 commercial units were developed in the holy sites, including partnerships with 20 leading brands, to enhance shopping services. Additionally, 72 service centers were established to provide water and provisions.
• Transportation networks are a key focus, with the Masha’er Train transporting approximately 1.87 million pilgrims between Mina, Muzdalifah, and Arafat across 2,154 trips during Hajj 1446 AH. The Haramain High-Speed Rail also plays a vital role in connecting pilgrims between Mecca and Medina.
• There were 46 new projects to enhance the electrical system in Mecca and the Holy Sites, costing over 3 billion riyals and increasing capacity by 75%.
• Beyond the Holy Cities, other regions are seeing development, such as Hail’s central area project, which is designed to enhance urban and aesthetic elements, and boost tourist and economic activity over an area exceeding 700,000 square meters.
• Quality Assurance and Visitor Care:
• The Ministry of Tourism conducts intensive regulatory tours, such as 1,852 inspection visits in Medina alone for Hajj 1446 AH, to ensure service quality for pilgrims and visitors.
• Pilgrims consistently express their comfort, security, and tranquility during Hajj, attributing this to the comprehensive care and hospitality provided.
• The Ministry of Health provided over 102,000 health services during Hajj 1446 AH, including emergency care, transfers to hospitals, ICU admissions, cardiac catheterizations, and open-heart surgeries. This ethical commitment ensured medical care was provided to all pilgrims, regardless of their permit status, aligning with Islamic values and professional ethics.
• The Arafat sermon was translated into 35 international languages, and awareness brochures were distributed in 9 languages, enhancing guidance for pilgrims. Cultural enrichment initiatives included exhibitions and visits to historical and religious sites, with over 59,000 visitors to the Grand Mosque Library and the King Abdulaziz Complex for the Holy Kaaba Kiswa.
• Global Recognition and Continuous Improvement:
• The Kingdom’s proactive approach is evident in its commitment to continuous improvement, with preparations for the next Hajj season beginning immediately after the current one concludes.
• Saudi Arabia has become a global model in managing massive human gatherings and organizing pilgrimages, thanks to its accumulated expertise and ambitious vision. Diriyah’s recent selection as a “friendly destination for the environment” for 2025 further underscores the Kingdom’s commitment to sustainable tourism.

In summary, Saudi Arabia’s tourism development is a dynamic and evolving process underpinned by strategic governmental directives, massive investments in infrastructure, advanced technological integration, and a profound dedication to the comfort, safety, and spiritual enrichment of all visitors, reflecting the ambitious goals of Vision 2030.

Technology’s Economic Influence in Saudi Arabia and Beyond

Technology plays a pivotal and transformative role in driving economic development across various sectors, influencing everything from daily consumer habits to large-scale national strategies and global dynamics. This is particularly evident in Saudi Arabia’s ambitious Vision 2030, which integrates technology into its core development plans.

Here’s a discussion on technology and economy, drawing from the provided sources:

• Driving Tourism and Pilgrim Services:
• Saudi Arabia is leveraging digital transformation and advanced technologies to position itself as a leading global tourism destination and to enhance the experience for visitors and pilgrims alike. The goal to host 150 million visitors annually by 2030 is supported by qualitative investments in infrastructure and rich tourism seasons.
• Key technological adoptions include artificial intelligence (AI), cybersecurity, smart robots, and drones, which are used to improve service delivery and proactively respond to the needs of pilgrims and visitors.
• The Nusuk platform is a prime example of digital integration, serving as a unified digital platform for pilgrims to streamline Umrah permit issuance, booking services, and overall journey planning. It ensures service quality by requiring a documented accommodation contract for Umrah visas.
• The Smart Engineering Center for Command and Control for the Grand Mosque and the Prophet’s Mosque affairs is in its pilot phase to enhance service quality and decision-making.
• During Hajj, drones were effectively used for the rapid delivery of medicines and vaccines to field medical facilities, reducing delivery time to as little as 5 minutes. Telemedicine services also contributed to efficient health service delivery, showcasing technology’s role in healthcare efficiency and support for major events.
• The Masha’er Train and Haramain High-Speed Rail are critical components of the transportation infrastructure, enabling efficient movement of millions of pilgrims, demonstrating large-scale technological solutions for logistics and crowd management that underpin the Hajj economy.
• Digital Transformation in the Banking Sector:
• The traditional concept of banks has evolved, with financial institutions becoming major economic entities that influence economic and social development.
• Digital transformation is crucial for banks to adapt to changing customer needs and technological advancements. A significant majority of customers (over 70% in 2024) prefer digital banking interactions via online platforms or mobile applications.
• This shift necessitates investment in digital infrastructure, including smart applications and the activation of AI services. The automation of banking operations is also a growing trend, with reports indicating that 40% of banking processes can be automated.
• Despite the benefits, challenges exist, such as the cost of human resources and the industry’s tendency to react to complaints rather than proactively use data analytics to prevent issues. However, the broader move towards digitalization is seen as enhancing financial sector efficiency and competitiveness.
• Growth in the Frozen Food Market:
• The frozen food market in Saudi Arabia is projected to reach $2.1 billion by 2030, driven by factors such as rising living standards and changing consumer habits.
• Advanced freezing technologies and innovative financing are significant contributors to the market’s future growth. The increasing demand for convenience food options, especially among urban and working professionals, further fuels this growth.
• The expansion of e-commerce grocery platforms and the introduction of new, healthier frozen products (like plant-based and gluten-free options) also play a key role in the market’s development. The rise of online platforms is highlighted as a key strategy for companies in the frozen food sector.
• Strategic National Development and Digital Infrastructure:
• The Kingdom’s Vision 2030 aims to foster a dynamic economy where digital transformation is a key enabler. The continuous development of digital infrastructure and services across various sectors reflects this commitment.
• Investments in urban projects, such as Hail’s central area development, are designed to enhance urban aesthetics and boost tourist and economic activity, demonstrating a holistic approach to development where technology underpins modern infrastructure.
• Impact of Technology on Geopolitics and Trade:
• The broader economic landscape is also shaped by technology, as seen in international trade disputes. For example, trade tensions between the US and China, including tariffs and restrictions on technology sales (like chips to China), have had a negative impact on global growth projections.
• The case of Elon Musk’s tech companies (e.g., Starlink) highlights the intertwining of technology with national security and geopolitical influence. The reliance of critical government functions on private tech companies raises concerns about the privatization of public goods and the potential for individual decisions to impact national and international affairs. This can lead to market volatility, as seen with the significant drop in Tesla’s stock following Musk’s conflict with a political figure.

In essence, technology is not merely a tool but a fundamental driver of economic transformation in Saudi Arabia and globally. It enables the creation of new markets, enhances efficiency in existing ones, and plays an increasingly critical role in national strategic objectives and international economic relations.

Global Geopolitical Conflicts and Economic Tensions

The provided sources offer insights into several regional conflicts and related geopolitical tensions:

• Israel-Palestine Conflict (Gaza and West Bank) This conflict is extensively covered in the sources, detailing its military, humanitarian, and economic dimensions. Reports indicate 25 Palestinians were martyred near Netzarim axis, south of Gaza City, while waiting for aid, due to Israeli occupation forces’ firing on gatherings. Israeli airstrikes targeted areas including the vicinity of Nasser Medical Complex in Khan Younis and other locations. The World Health Organization’s Director-General stated that Al-Amal Hospital in Khan Younis is completely out of service due to intensified Israeli attacks, leading to preventable deaths and leaving Nasser Medical Complex as the only remaining facility with an intensive care unit in the city, thus increasing pressure on the already strained healthcare system. The UN official called for an immediate cessation of fire and protection of health facilities.
• Economically, the Israeli Finance Minister issued instructions to halt financial cooperation between Israeli and Palestinian banks, accusing the Palestinian Authority of “delegitimization campaigns” internationally. This move, described as an escalation, threatens the collapse of the Palestinian Authority’s financial structure. The financial relationship is based on the 1994 Paris Economic Agreement, under which Israeli banks provide financial and legal coverage for the Palestinian banking system. Without this coverage, Palestinian banks face the risk of isolation from the global financial system, effectively crippling them.
• Politically, Israeli National Security Minister Ben Gvir and groups of settlers reportedly stormed Al-Aqsa Mosque, an act described as a flagrant violation of the sanctity of Al-Aqsa and a desperate attempt at Judaization. In the West Bank, Israeli occupation forces conducted arrests and set up military checkpoints in various areas, including Hebron, Nablus, and Ramallah, and demolished 12 tents and two residential structures in Khirbet Al-Saba’, south of Hebron, as well as agricultural structures in Al-Mughayyir village. The martyrdom of a released Palestinian prisoner in Tubas following an assassination operation by an Israeli special unit was also reported.
• Furthermore, Israeli officers and reserve soldiers called for an end to the war, asserting that its objective is to “save Netanyahu’s illegitimate government” rather than defending Israeli citizens. They claimed the government’s actions were driven by political motives and that orders were therefore “illegal,” with some signatories refusing military service. They accused the government of causing the collapse of the hostage deal and essentially “sentencing them to death”.
• Israel-Hezbollah Conflict (Lebanon) Reports indicate a strategic shift by Hezbollah in Lebanon, with the group increasingly focusing on producing drones rather than missiles, allocating significant budgets to this end. This shift is influenced by the Russia-Ukraine war, which demonstrated the effectiveness of drones due to their simplicity, low cost, rapid assembly, and use of civilian components that can be ordered online. Drones are also more challenging for air defense systems to detect and classify compared to missiles. The Israeli army conducted an operation in Beirut’s southern suburb, targeting what it described as a drone production facility belonging to Hezbollah. The Israeli Air Force commander is reportedly holding repeated operational discussions to tighten the noose on Hezbollah’s drone unit.
• Israel-Yemen (Houthi) Conflict The Houthi militia in Yemen has intensified pressure on Israel, deploying naval forces and threatening a naval and air blockade of Hudaydah port if attacks on Israel persist. The Israeli military responded by striking Houthi targets in Hudaydah port with airstrikes. The Israeli Defense Minister explicitly warned the Houthi organization of a “strong response” and the imposition of a naval and air blockade if they continued to fire towards Israel. While Houthis have launched dozens of missiles and drones towards Israel, most were reportedly intercepted or missed their targets. The United States also launched intensive strikes against the Houthis earlier in the year, which were halted following a Houthi agreement to cease attacks on American vessels.
• Russia-Ukraine War The Russian Foreign Ministry has stated that there will be no end to the war in Ukraine without a halt to NATO’s eastward expansion, which it considers a key cause of the conflict. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has called for increased international pressure on Moscow after a night of intensified aerial attacks on Kyiv, Odesa, Dnipro, and Chernihiv, describing it as one of the largest attacks on the capital. Ukrainian intelligence claims that approximately 34% of Russian bombers capable of launching cruise missiles have been destroyed or damaged, with an estimated value of nearly $7 billion. The sources also mention discussions about a price cap on Russian oil, with Zelenskyy advocating for a $30 per barrel limit.
• US-China Trade Tensions (Economic Conflict) This ongoing economic conflict has significant global implications. The United States and China have imposed mutual tariffs and engaged in negotiations, reaching an “agreement framework” to de-escalate trade tensions. However, uncertainty persists until the agreement is officially approved by the leaders. The World Bank had lowered its global growth forecast for 2025 by 0.4% to 2.3%, citing rising tariffs and increasing uncertainty as a “major obstacle” for nearly all economies. The agreement framework aims to address issues like China’s restrictions on rare earth minerals and the US’s limitations on chip sales to China.
• Syrian Internal Situation The sources briefly touch upon the aftermath of internal conflict in Syria, with a statement from the Syrian Interior Ministry (representing the opposition) claiming that 123,000 officials from the former regime were involved in crimes against the Syrian people, and that over 450,000 members of Al-Shabiha (a pro-government militia) were active, indicating the scale of the past violence. It also notes that some officers from the former regime’s army and intelligence are cooperating with the opposition to facilitate access to Syrian areas for “aggression deterrence forces”.
• Trump-Musk Dispute (National Security Implications) While not a traditional regional conflict between states, the public dispute between former US President Donald Trump and tech mogul Elon Musk highlights the potential for individual actions to impact national security and geopolitical stability. The conflict, stemming from Musk’s alleged removal from government projects and his criticism of Trump’s policies, saw threats exchanged regarding government contracts worth tens of billions of dollars. Musk’s companies, including Tesla, SpaceX, and Starlink, have received substantial government support. The dispute led to a significant drop in Tesla’s stock value and Musk’s personal wealth. This raised critical questions about the privatization of public goods and the inherent risks when vital strategic sectors (like space technology and communication networks in conflict zones) are managed by private entities whose decisions can alter geopolitical power balances. The US Congress is reportedly monitoring the situation and calling for investigations into government contracts with Musk’s companies due to potential conflicts of interest. This highlights the increasing intertwining of technology, finance, and politics, where key decisions are not solely within the domain of governments but can be influenced by powerful private actors.

Saudi Cultural Initiatives: Vision 2030 and Global Engagement

The sources provide a rich overview of various cultural initiatives, primarily focusing on efforts within Saudi Arabia, but also touching upon international cultural diplomacy and engagement. These initiatives aim to promote heritage, foster creativity, enhance cross-cultural understanding, and enrich experiences, all largely framed within the Kingdom’s Vision 2030.

Here are some key cultural initiatives discussed:

• Promoting Cultural Tourism and Heritage Preservation:
• Diriyah as a Global Destination: Diriyah was chosen among the “World Friendly Destinations for the Environment” for 2025, highlighting its commitment to sustainability and its rich heritage. This selection aims to bolster Saudi Arabia’s presence on the global tourism map as a growing international destination. The Saudi Tourism Authority is actively promoting national destinations in international markets, contributing to Vision 2030’s goal of attracting 150 million visitors by 2030 (after hosting nearly 116 million in 2024), supported by significant investments in infrastructure and diverse tourism seasons.
• Enhancing Hajj and Umrah Pilgrim Experience: Saudi Arabia is continuously implementing new technical services for Umrah pilgrims as part of Vision 2030, aiming to increase capacity to 15 million annually. The “Guests of Rahman Service Program” focuses on facilitating pilgrim hosting, providing high-quality services, and enriching their religious and cultural experience. This includes developing 15 additional historical and cultural sites and striving for a 90% satisfaction rate among pilgrims. The “Nusuk” platform has been launched to streamline the entire pilgrimage journey, from planning to performing rituals. These efforts reflect the Kingdom’s commitment to serving the guests of the Two Holy Mosques.
• “Kidana” Projects at Holy Sites: The “Kidana” company has undertaken numerous developmental projects in Mecca and the holy sites to enhance pilgrims’ journeys, ensuring they are safe, comfortable, and efficient, emphasizing sustainability and flexibility. These projects include mitigating heat stress in areas like Arafat and Mina, cooling areas around Jabal Al-Rahma, and implementing cooling networks in pedestrian paths. Kidana also designed educational pamphlets in nine languages and developed the “Towards Mina” map, which significantly reduced the number of lost pilgrims. Infrastructure improvements, such as two-story tents, advanced water facilities, and escalators, also aim to improve the pilgrim experience.
• Grand Mosque and Prophet’s Mosque Initiatives: The General Presidency for the Affairs of the Grand Mosque and the Prophet’s Mosque has launched initiatives to enhance operational efficiency and pilgrim experience. These include a “Smart Engineering Center for Command and Control,” smart screens displaying Tawaf and Sa’i times, and improvements to Zamzam water distribution (over 293,000 bottles consumed). They provide electric and manual carts, luggage storage, and implement comprehensive environmental plans for cleanliness and air conditioning. Crucially, the Arafat sermon was translated into 35 international languages to ensure the message of the Two Holy Mosques reached a global audience. Furthermore, they enrich the cultural and cognitive experience through exhibitions showcasing the historical and service aspects of the Two Holy Mosques, and visits to sites like the King Abdulaziz Complex for Holy Kaaba Kiswa and the Grand Mosque Library, which attracted over 59,000 visitors.
• Praise for Hajj Organization: Former Palestinian, Egyptian, and other dignitaries have lauded the “ingenious and unique” organization of Hajj, specifically highlighting the quality of services, the use of modern technology, and the massive qualitative projects in the holy sites, emphasizing the seamlessness of roads and hospitality.
• Urban and Tourism Development: The Hail region’s central area development project aims to enhance the human and aesthetic aspects of the city, stimulating tourism and economic activity. This includes creating green spaces, public squares, open theaters, and recreational areas, aligning with Vision 2030’s goal to improve quality of life.
• Fostering Arts and Creativity:
• Saudi Cinema’s Role: Saudi cinema is identified as a vital and inspiring tool for documenting the cultural scene and preserving societal memory. It has evolved beyond mere entertainment, aiming to cement its position as a documentation tool that preserves dialects, customs, clothing, and local lifestyles. Saudi films honestly and skillfully portray the diversity of Saudi society and its transformation, often featuring the local environment as a central narrative element. Support from the Ministry of Culture, Film Authority, and other bodies has empowered Saudi talents, strengthening cinema as a soft power that not only produces films for display but also documents, researches, and serves as a cultural reference.
• Animation Industry Development: The Saudi Film Authority is participating in the Annecy International Animated Film Festival 2025 to promote Saudi animation globally and to learn about the latest trends in the sector, aiming to be a leading voice in the global animation industry.
• Rafha Cultural Salon: The Ministry of Culture launched the Rafha Cultural Salon, intended to be a new literary and intellectual forum within Saudi Arabia’s literary ecosystem. It supports initiatives by literary societies and aims to boost the local cultural movement by offering quality programs focused on thought, arts, and education, aligning with Vision 2030’s goals of reinforcing national identity and building a vibrant, creative society.
• “Downtown Design Riyadh” Exhibition: This is the first specialized contemporary design exhibition in Saudi Arabia, organized in partnership with the Architecture and Design Arts Commission. Its objective is to build a design culture rooted in Saudi identity. The exhibition supports emerging local talent and global brands through interactive installations and workshops, positioning design as a cultural and economic force and contributing to the preservation and re-imagining of regional heritage.
• Analysis of Saudi Visual Artist Samir Aldaham: The sources highlight artist Samir Aldaham’s unique impact on the local and Arab art scene, noting his narrative style, use of symbols from Najdi and Gulf heritage, and psychological use of color. His art explores themes of humanity, the role of women, and the innocence of childhood, blending realism with abstraction to offer philosophical depth. His work has significantly contributed to shaping Saudi visual awareness and critical discourse.
• Cross-Cultural Dialogue and International Engagement:
• International Day of Dialogue Among Civilizations: The UN General Assembly adopted a resolution in 2024, co-sponsored by China and 82 other countries, designating June 10 as an International Day of Dialogue Among Civilizations. This emphasizes the importance of dialogue, mutual understanding, shared progress, and friendship among civilizations.
• China’s Global Civilization Initiative: Chinese President Xi Jinping officially proposed the Global Civilization Initiative in 2023, calling for strengthening the common values of humanity, prioritizing the inheritance and renewal of civilizations, and enhancing exchanges and cooperation among peoples internationally. Saudi Arabia is a co-sponsoring country for the resolution on dialogue among civilizations, indicating its commitment to these principles.
• Saudi Arabia’s Role in Dialogue: The King of Saudi Arabia affirmed that culture is a fundamental common denominator among peoples and a vital factor in promoting security and peace, emphasizing the Kingdom’s rich history, culture, and encouragement of open cultural exchange. The “Chinese-Saudi Culture Year” aims to strengthen cultural exchange and dialogue among civilizations, with China ready to cooperate with Saudi Arabia on human exchange and using technology for good.
• Book on Aleppo’s Heritage: A book “Aleppo: Heritage and Civilization” was published as part of Abu Dhabi’s “Kalima” translation project, delving into Aleppo’s history, identity, and the interplay of memory and identity. This initiative contributes to the preservation and understanding of Arab cultural heritage through scholarly work.
• Sustainability in Cultural Events: The red carpet from the Cannes Film Festival is being recycled and reused in Marseille, demonstrating an initiative focused on sustainability in cultural events and creative repurposing. While not a Saudi initiative, its inclusion in the newspaper suggests a recognition of global best practices in cultural event sustainability.
• Contextual Note on Cultural Disruption:
• One source offers a stark counterpoint to positive cultural initiatives by highlighting the human cost of religious extremism through the testimony of a former wife of a terrorist group leader. It details how extremist ideologies lead to the exploitation and radicalization of women and children, causing profound long-term psychological and social trauma. This underscores the importance of positive cultural foundations and efforts to counter narratives that undermine societal well-being and identity.

By Amjad Izhar
Contact: amjad.izhar@gmail.com
https://amjadizhar.blog

Affiliate Disclosure: This blog may contain affiliate links, which means I may earn a small commission if you click on the link and make a purchase. This comes at no additional cost to you. I only recommend products or services that I believe will add value to my readers. Your support helps keep this blog running and allows me to continue providing you with quality content. Thank you for your support!