Al Riyadh Newspaper: Sunday, 4 May 2025: Cultural Events, Artistic Exhibitions, Internatioan Relations

These texts originate from various sections of a single newspaper issue, covering a diverse range of topics. Several articles address economic and business matters within Saudi Arabia, such as banking performance, real estate market dynamics, and the development of defense industries. Other pieces focus on social and cultural events and initiatives, including a report on preparations for Hajj pilgrims, coverage of a crafts festival, and discussion of artistic exhibitions. Additional content includes political news, detailing international relations and government decisions, as well as sports updates and a look at the challenges facing the media landscape.

Saudi Research and Innovation Under Vision 2030

Based on the sources provided, research and innovation are central themes in Saudi Arabia’s national development, particularly under the framework of Vision 2030.

Here’s what the sources indicate about research and innovation in the Kingdom:

• Strategic Importance: The Kingdom’s interest in scientific research has a long history, dating back to the establishment of national universities decades ago to enrich knowledge in all fields. This interest has significantly intensified and its objectives have become clearer with the launch of Vision 2030, which explicitly emphasizes enhancing scientific research activity.
• Institutional Support: The Research, Development and Innovation Authority was established early on and is keen to define its basic priorities and needs in scientific research and innovation. These priorities include health, environment and sustainability, energy and industrial leadership, economics of the future, and innovation. The Authority supports researchers and innovators through programs and initiatives designed to foster an attractive and stimulating innovative environment.
• Goals and Outcomes: The initiatives supporting research and innovation aim to produce pioneering research and innovations that contribute to finding solutions for local and international challenges. A primary goal is to enhance the value of research and innovation in achieving knowledge-based economic growth. The Authority’s efforts have contributed to elevating the Kingdom’s stature and transforming it into a leading international center for research and innovation.
• Specific Areas of Focus:Economic Diversification: The comprehensive update of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) methodology includes new economic activities such as financial technology, the creative economy, logistics services, sports, and entertainment, reflecting the focus on diversification and growth.
• Advanced Technologies: Scientific centers are involved in fields like robotics and artificial intelligence, electronics and communications, information technology, nanotechnology, chemical industries, and medical technology.
• Defense Industries: There is a strong focus on localizing defense industries, particularly unmanned aerial vehicles (drones), which are considered a key aspect of modern military technology and essential for global security and defense. This localization aligns with Vision 2030’s goal of localizing over 50% of military spending to transform the Kingdom from an importer to a manufacturer and exporter of defense technology. Local factories are increasing production capacity for these aircraft to meet growing domestic demand. Development is underway for advanced local models capable of complex tasks using intelligent capabilities, advanced sensors, navigation technologies, and high communication and control capabilities, forming the basis for an integrated industrial system.
• STEM Education: Initiatives encourage Saudi scientists, especially young ones, in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields to compete globally. Meetings are organized to help them learn from global experiences and identify potential gaps in their ability to compete. There is an effort to diagnose the “Scientific Eco-System” in Saudi universities and research centers and potentially rebuild the educational system to better produce scientists.
• Cultural and Creative Arts: Initiatives like “Area of Art” aim to connect artists and the public through deep artistic and cultural experiences, foster critical thinking, and open horizons for new concepts of creation and expression. It includes educational journeys and workshops focused on the process of creating art. Arts are recognized as crucial for preserving cultural identity, history, and expressing the community’s spirit. There is a call to support local artistic and literary schools and create an institutional environment that stimulates creativity.
• Artificial Intelligence Governance: While acknowledging the efficiency benefits of using AI in government services like logistics and social care, the sources highlight the significant risks related to accountability, bias, and potential injustice if clear rules, strong accountability, and public consent are absent. The importance of adopting a strict governance framework for AI systems is emphasized, treating them as powerful political tools, not just neutral ones. This includes defining purposes, setting ethical boundaries, independent oversight, risk classification, and ensuring that high-impact decisions are not fully automated. The abolition of an AI-based fraud detection system due to privacy and discrimination issues is cited as an example of these risks.
• Cybersecurity Capabilities: Efforts to raise cybersecurity awareness are part of strategic objectives that include developing national technical and human capabilities for cybersecurity and integrated governance.
• Role of Vision 2030: Vision 2030 is repeatedly mentioned as the driving force behind these advancements, leading to qualitative leaps across various fields and making the Kingdom a preferred destination for global companies. The Vision is based on advanced thought and a long-term perspective, leveraging the Kingdom’s diverse capabilities, including human capital, as the key factor.
• Cultural Institutions: Libraries and cultural centers, such as King Fahd National Library and the UNESCO Chair for Translation of Cultures, play a role in preserving heritage, promoting cultural exchange, and serving as platforms for enriching knowledge, innovation, and continuous learning by attracting experts and thought leaders.

In summary, research and innovation are viewed in the sources as critical drivers for achieving the Kingdom’s Vision 2030 goals, encompassing economic diversification, technological advancement, national security, cultural preservation, and human capability development, while also acknowledging the need for careful governance, especially regarding emerging technologies like AI.

Saudi Arabian Economic Growth and Vision 2030

Based on the sources provided, economic growth is a central and dynamic aspect of Saudi Arabia’s national transformation, significantly driven by Vision 2030.

Here’s a discussion of economic growth drawing from the sources:

• Vision 2030 as the Driving Force: Vision 2030 is highlighted as the primary catalyst behind the Kingdom’s economic advancements. It’s described as leading to qualitative leaps across various fields and is based on advanced thought and a long-term perspective that leverages the Kingdom’s diverse capabilities, particularly its human capital. The sources proudly state that the Kingdom achieved several Vision 2030 targets ahead of their scheduled time. This vision aims for progress, prosperity, sustainable development, and an improved quality of life for both citizens and residents.
• Unprecedented Development and Global Attraction: The sources emphasize that the Kingdom is witnessing unprecedented development on a global scale. This rapid transformation, fueled by Vision 2030, has made Saudi Arabia a preferred destination for global companies. The economy is described as growing significantly and prospering.
• Economic Diversification: A key aspect of the current economic strategy is diversification away from reliance on oil. The sources point to the comprehensive update of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) methodology as a reflection of this focus. This update includes new economic activities that were not previously fully captured, such as financial technology, the creative economy, logistics services, sports, and entertainment. This inclusion helps re-evaluate the size of the GDP with higher accuracy and reflects the momentum of diversification and growth the economy is witnessing. These efforts have opened horizons for many new economic fields.
• Sectoral Performance and Opportunities:Banking: The Saudi banking sector has shown strong performance, achieving their highest historical profits. These profits saw significant growth rates, with overall listed banks growing by 19.4%, Al Rajhi by 20%, Al Ahli by 34%, and Riyad Bank by 19%. This growth is primarily attributed to a large increase in the volume of financing. However, the sources also note challenges, including a sharp shortage in liquidity despite rising money supply, and a widening gap between financing and deposits, requiring banks to issue debt instruments and rely on foreign liabilities to cover the difference.
• Consulting Services: The global market for consulting services is described as very profitable. The Middle East is highlighted as a leading and targeted market in recent years. The local Saudi market share is projected to reach around $5 billion by 2025, with expectations for further increase due to structural transformations, continuous growth, and projects associated with Vision 2030.
• Real Estate: The real estate market has experienced sharp fluctuations, indicating an imbalance between supply and demand. The average price of real estate has significantly increased from around 916k SAR in 2019 to approximately 1.7 million SAR by mid-2024. Specific sector growth rates are provided: residential 3.6%, commercial 6.1%, and agricultural 1.4% according to the general index. Issues like land speculation and delayed development are noted as factors contributing to price hikes and reduced affordability in certain areas. Recent adjustments to the white land tax are seen as an opportunity to break speculation and encourage development or sale.
• Creative Economy & Arts: Initiatives like “Area of Art” aim to foster creativity and expression. The sources emphasize the importance of supporting local artistic and literary schools and creating an institutional environment that stimulates creativity. The activity in the creative sector is seen as distinct and rooted in authentic Saudi patterns, deserving attention and support.
• Other New Sectors: The inclusion of sectors like financial technology, logistics services, sports, and entertainment in GDP calculations reflects their growing importance and contribution to the economy.
• Local Productive Families: Participation of local productive families in events like the handicraft festival enhances their role in economic development by providing opportunities to display and market their products.
• Knowledge-Based Economy: Efforts in scientific research and innovation are explicitly linked to achieving knowledge-based economic growth. Investing in STEM education and fostering an environment for research and innovation are part of building this type of economy.
• External Economic Headwinds: The sources touch upon negative external factors influencing global markets, which indirectly affect the Saudi economy. These include fears of slowing economic activity in the United States, trade wars between major global economies like the US and China, and their impact on oil demand and prices. The volatility caused by US trade policies is also noted.
• Overall Positive Outlook: Despite global challenges, the prevailing sentiment in the sources is one of optimism and achievement. The economy is described as prosperous and offering opportunities for everyone. The growth of small and medium companies is highlighted.

In summary, the sources present a picture of robust economic growth in Saudi Arabia, propelled by the ambitious Vision 2030. This growth is characterized by significant diversification into new sectors, strong performance in key areas like banking, and the successful achievement of strategic national goals, positioning the Kingdom as a major player on the global economic stage, while navigating the complexities of the international economic environment.

Kingdom Housing Market Dynamics 2019-2024

Based on the sources, here is information regarding the housing market:

The real estate market in the Kingdom has experienced sharp fluctuations over the past years, leading to an imbalance between supply and demand. From the middle of 2019 until the middle of 2024, the average price of real estate saw a significant jump, rising from around 916 thousand Riyals to approximately 1.7 million Riyals.

Statistics indicate price increases across various sectors in the fourth quarter of the past year (2024). The residential sector recorded a 3.1% increase, the commercial sector saw a 5.2% increase, and the agricultural sector increased by 1.0%, according to the general index from the General Authority for Statistics. However, the annual figure for the residential sector in 2024 was lower (2.3%) compared to the same period in 2023. The increase in the agricultural sector is attributed to agricultural land prices.

Areas like the Qatif governorate are presented as a typical example of astronomical price levels for land plots. This region suffers from the monopoly of large land plots, which has contributed to raising prices and reducing the ability of citizens to own housing within their governorate. Some neighborhoods in these areas have not seen significant urban development for years, despite growing demand.

To address this, recent adjustments were made to the white land fees, increasing them to 10% annually. An Eastern Province real estate expert confirmed this represents a significant development aimed at stimulating urban development and limiting monopoly. This increase in the cost of holding undeveloped land is expected to encourage many owners to accelerate decisions regarding development or sale.

Kingdom’s Security and Citizen Well-being

Based on the sources provided:

The sources highlight a significant focus on security and the well-being of citizens, residents, and visitors in all regions of the Kingdom, a priority emphasized by the leadership, including the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud and the Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Chairman of the Council of Ministers.

The Ministry of Interior and its security sectors play a crucial role in maintaining the security and safety of the homeland. The Minister of Interior is involved in overseeing efforts across different regions, such as visiting the Qassim region to implement leadership directives regarding security and citizen welfare. The Governor of Qassim region also praised the significant role of the Ministry and security sectors in maintaining security and safety. The contributions of security personnel, including retirees, in maintaining the security and safety of the homeland, citizens, and residents are also valued.

Specific security operations and projects mentioned include:

• In Qassim, several security projects were inaugurated, including the Public Security Training City. This city contains educational and training facilities equipped with modern technologies aimed at enhancing the capabilities of security personnel and providing security services.
• Inauguration of administrative buildings for the Traffic Department, such as the one in Qassim Region’s Buraidah and branches in other governorates.
• Laying the foundation stone for the headquarters of the Special Forces for Environmental Security in Qassim, which are intended to enable the enforcement of environmental systems and protect the environment.
• Efforts to combat narcotics and track down smugglers and dealers are actively pursued in all regions of the Kingdom. These efforts include proactive strikes and addressing trafficking networks.
• The Directorate General of Passports issues administrative decisions regarding violations of residency and labor regulations. The sources urge cooperation and reporting of such violations, as well as border security violations. Specific numbers for reporting are provided: 911 in Makkah, Riyadh, and the Eastern Province regions, and 999 (and potentially 996, as mentioned in one source) in the rest of the Kingdom.
• The National Cybersecurity Authority is working to raise the level of cybersecurity awareness through guides and instructions. These cover topics such as securing social media accounts, installing updates, and cybersecurity awareness in general. A specific guide on parental controls for cybersecurity aims to filter inappropriate content, set usage limits, monitor child activities, and discuss risks with children. These awareness efforts align with strategic objectives like integrated national cybersecurity governance, protecting cyberspace, managing cybersecurity effectively, defending against cyber threats, and building national capabilities.

Overall, the country is described as a place of safety and security (أمن وأمان), and the blessing of security and stability is acknowledged.

Saudi Arabia in International Relations

Based on the sources and our conversation history, here is a discussion on International Relations as reflected in the provided material:

The sources indicate a significant focus on Saudi Arabia’s role and interactions on the international stage, spanning political, regional, economic, cultural, and security domains.

• Political and Regional Leadership: The Kingdom’s leadership, including the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud and Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Chairman of the Council of Ministers, emphasizes maintaining security and the well-being of citizens, residents, and visitors . Saudi Arabia is highlighted for its political position and its role as a leader in the Arab and Islamic worlds. Its capacity to unite viewpoints and bring parties together underscores its political weight and esteemed status.
• Joint Arab Action: There is a strong commitment to supporting joint Arab action and unifying visions and positions among Arab nations. The work of the Arab Parliament is considered a basic pillar in enhancing Arab cooperation and unifying efforts. This regional cooperation contributes to peace and stability in the region and the world.
• Humanitarian Issues and Conflicts: The sources touch upon the situation in Gaza and Jenin, detailing actions by the Israeli occupation forces. They mention reports of US President Donald Trump pressuring the Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu to allow aid into Gaza. Discussions between Israeli and US officials resulted in a new mechanism for distributing aid in Gaza, supported by the Trump administration, with stipulations to prevent its diversion by groups like Hamas and Islamic Jihad. This reflects the Kingdom’s engagement with significant regional conflicts and humanitarian concerns, often involving interactions with international actors.
• Economic International Relations: The sources discuss global economic dynamics, including the US dollar, oil prices, and international trade tensions, specifically mentioning President Trump’s policies, tariffs, and trade relations with China and Japan. These policies are noted to affect global economic forecasts and oil demand. The success of Saudi Vision 2030 is presented as attracting international attention and investment, making the Kingdom a preferred destination for international companies. Hosting international economic conferences is also a way the Kingdom attracts global attention.
• Cultural and Educational Diplomacy: Saudi Arabia actively participates in international cultural events, such as the UNESCO Chair for Translation of Cultures participating in the Abu Dhabi International Book Fair. This participation aims to showcase and promote the translation of cultures and languages, including topics like AI and cultural heritage. The sources emphasize the importance of cultural diplomacy and the need for Saudi cultural output to have both local and international impact. Initiatives like “Study in Saudi Arabia” invite international students from various countries to study in the Kingdom, promoting educational exchange. Cultural festivals also involve participation from Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, fostering regional cultural ties. Saudi media is described as reaching global capitals and conveying the Kingdom’s image to the world.
• Security Cooperation and Global Challenges: While much of the security discussion focuses on national efforts [sources from previous turn], a workshop on cybercrimes and financial fraud at the Arab Parliament meeting indicates regional security cooperation. The National Cybersecurity Authority’s strategic objectives include integrated national cybersecurity governance and defending against cyber threats, areas inherently linked to international collaboration and challenges. Discussion around AI governance mentions international regulations (EU AI Act, Canadian approach) and challenges like bias and accountability in automated decision-making, referencing examples from other countries (US, Netherlands). A media-related issue involving a prank show about the COVID-19 vaccine drew a response from the World Health Organization (WHO), illustrating interactions with international health bodies.
• International Sports: Saudi football clubs participate in Asian elite club tournaments, competing against teams from countries like Japan and Iraq. This represents a form of international interaction and competition in the sports arena.

Overall, the sources depict Saudi Arabia as an active participant in international affairs, leveraging its political standing, engaging in regional cooperation, contributing to global economic discussions, promoting its culture and education internationally, addressing security challenges, and navigating complex geopolitical situations.

Al-Riyadh Newspaper – May 4, 2025 – Study Guide

This study guide is designed to help you review and understand the key topics and information presented in the provided excerpts from the Al-Riyadh newspaper, issue 20757, dated May 4, 2025.

Quiz (Short Answer – 2-3 sentences)

1. What does the comprehensive update to the GDP reflect about the Saudi economy?
2. According to the Minister of Economy and Planning, what is the primary goal of the comprehensive GDP update?
3. What role does the non-oil economy play according to the updated economic data?
4. Which Saudi football club won the Asian Elite Club Cup according to the sports news?
5. What was the score of the final match in the Asian Elite Club Cup?
6. What was the key focus of the weekly meeting chaired by the Mayor of the Eastern Province?
7. What was the highest number of violation registrations recorded by the municipalities in the Eastern Province during April 2025?
8. What is the primary purpose of raising the fee on undeveloped white lands to 10% annually?
9. According to the source, what is the main driver of the USD/JPY exchange rate trend?
10. What does the government media office claim Israel has committed against journalists and media institutions in Gaza?

Essay Questions (No Answers Provided)

1. Analyze the relationship between Saudi Vision 2030 and the developments discussed in the articles related to the economy, research, cultural initiatives, and urban development.
2. Discuss the economic implications of the increase in the fee on undeveloped white lands as outlined in the article, considering both the stated goals and potential unintended consequences.
3. Compare and contrast the reported situations in Gaza and Jenin, highlighting the key challenges and humanitarian concerns presented in the articles.
4. Evaluate the significance of the Asian Elite Club Cup victory for the Al-Ahli football club and its broader impact on Saudi Arabian football, based on the provided sports articles.
5. Examine the concerns raised about consulting firms and media practices in the articles, analyzing the ethical issues and potential consequences highlighted by the authors.

Glossary of Key Terms

• الناتج المحلي (Al-Natig Al-Mahalli): Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
• رؤية المملكة 2030 (Ru’yat Al-Mamlakah 2030): Saudi Vision 2030, the strategic framework to reduce Saudi Arabia’s reliance on oil, diversify its economy, and develop public service sectors.
• الاقتصاد غير النفطي (Al-Iqtisad Ghair Al-Nafti): Non-oil economy.
• الهيئة العامة للإحصاء (Al-Hay’ah Al-‘Ammah Lil’ihsa’): General Authority for Statistics.
• بطولة نخبة أندية آسيا (Butulat Nukhbat Andiyat Asia): Asian Elite Club Cup (a football competition).
• التشوه البصري (Al-Tashawwuh Al-Basari): Visual distortion (often refers to urban blight or aesthetic issues).
• الأراضي البيضاء (Al-Aradi Al-Bayda’): White lands (undeveloped lands, often within urban areas).
• المشهد الحضري (Al-Mashhad Al-Hadari): Urban landscape or scene.
• منح دولية (Munah Dawliyyah): International scholarships or grants.
• ادرس في السعودية (Udrus Fi Al-Saudiyah): “Study in Saudi Arabia” (likely a program or platform).
• مناسك الحج (Manasik Al-Hajj): The rituals of Hajj (the annual Islamic pilgrimage).
• المديرية العامة للجوازات (Al-Mudīrīyah Al-‘Āmmah Lil Jawāzāt): Directorate General of Passports.
• مخالفي أنظمة الإقامة والعمل وأمن الحدود (Mukhālifī Anẓimat Al-Iqāmah Wal-‘Amal Wa Amn Al-Ḥudūd): Violators of residency, labor, and border security regulations.
• القطاع غير النفطي (Al-Qiṭā’ Ghair Al-Naftī): Non-oil sector.
• أسعار النفط الخام (As’ār Al-Naft Al-Khām): Crude oil prices.
• برنت (Brent): Brent crude oil (a major trading classification of sweet light crude oil).
• خام غرب تكساس الوسيط (Khām Gharb Tiksās Al-Wasīṭ): West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil (another major trading classification).
• أوبك + (OPEC+): The group of oil-producing countries that includes OPEC members and other major oil exporters like Russia.
• الرسوم الجمركية (Al-Rusūm Al-Jumrukiyyah): Customs duties or tariffs.
• الناتج المحلي الإجمالي (Al-Natig Al-Mahalli Al-Ijmaali): Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
• مؤشر مديري المشتريات (Mu’ashir Mudirī Al-Mushtarayāt): Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI).
• سوق العمل (Sūq Al-‘Amal): Labor market.
• أسعار الفائدة (As’ār Al-Fā’idah): Interest rates.
• الاحتياطي الفيدرالي (Al-Iḥtiyāṭī Al-Fīdīrālī): The Federal Reserve (the central banking system of the United States).
• سندات الخزانة (Sanadāt Al-Khazānah): Treasury bonds.
• شركات الاستشارات (Sharikat Al-Istishārāt): Consulting firms.
• التوطين (Al-Tawṭīn): Localization (often refers to increasing the participation of nationals in the workforce).
• الاستثمار (Al-Istithmār): Investment.
• الصناعات الدفاعية (Al-Ṣinā’āt Al-Difā’iyyah): Defense industries.
• التقنيات المتقدمة (Al-Taqniyyāt Al-Mutaqaddimah): Advanced technologies.
• التضخم (Al-Taḍakhkhum): Inflation.
• قطاع غزة (Qiṭā’ Ghazzah): Gaza Strip.
• سوء التغذية (Sū’ Al-Taghdhiyah): Malnutrition.
• الأمن الغذائي (Al-Amn Al-Ghidhā’ī): Food security.
• المكتب الإعلامي الحكومي (Al-Maktab Al-I’lāmī Al-Ḥukūmī): Government Media Office.
• الاحتلال الإسرائيلي (Al-Iḥtilāl Al-Isrā’īlī): Israeli Occupation.
• إبادة إعلامية (Ibādat I’lāmiyyah): Media genocide (a term used in the text).
• يوم الصحفي العالمي لحرية الصحافة (Yawm Al-Ṣuḥufī Al-‘Ālamī Liḥurriyat Al-Ṣiḥāfah): World Press Freedom Day.
• مخيم جنين (Mukhayyam Jenin): Jenin refugee camp.
• نزوح قسري (Nuzūḥ Qasrī): Forced displacement.
• التجريف (Al-Tajrīf): Bulldozing or clearing.
• التشوهات السعرية (Al-Tashawwuhat Al-Si’riyyah): Price distortions.
• الاحتكار (Al-Iḥtikār): Monopoly or احتکار (hoarding of land in this context).
• النطاق العمراني (Al-Niṭāq Al-‘Umrānī): Urban sprawl or development boundary.
• التنمية العمرانية (Al-Tanmiyah Al-‘Umrāniyyah): Urban development.
• الملتقى الثقافي (Al-Multaqá Al-Thaqāfī): Cultural forum or gathering.
• الهوية الوطنية (Al-Hawiyyah Al-Waṭaniyyah): National identity.
• قيم المواطنة (Qiyam Al-Muwaṭanah): Values of citizenship.
• الأمسية الثقافية (Al-Umsīyah Al-Thaqāfiyyah): Cultural evening.
• ديوانية القلم الذهبي (Dīwānīyat Al-Qalam Al-Dhahabī): Golden Pen Diwaniya (likely a literary or cultural group/event).
• التحول الوطني (Al-Taḥawwul Al-Waṭanī): National Transformation.
• جائزة اليونسكو/الفوزان (Jā’izat Al-Yūnisku / Al-Fawzān): The UNESCO/Al-Fozan Prize (likely a specific award).
• المناخ العلمي (Al-Munākh Al-‘Ilmī): Scientific climate or environment.
• كود الطرق السعودي (Kūd Al-Ṭuruq Al-Sa’ūdī): Saudi Road Code.
• الدورانات الآمنة (Al-Dawrānāt Al-Āminah): Safe roundabouts or turns.
• الكائنات الفطرية (Al-Kā’ināt Al-Fiṭriyyah): Wild organisms or wildlife.
• إعادة التوطين (I’ādat Al-Tawṭīn): Reintroduction or resettlement (of wildlife in this context).
• المنتزهات الوطنية (Al-Muntazahāt Al-Waṭaniyyah): National parks.
• المبادرة السعودية الخضراء (Al-Mubādarat Al-Sa’ūdīyah Al-Khadrā’): Saudi Green Initiative.
• النزاع التجاري (Al-Nizā’ Al-Tijārī): Trade dispute.
• الأوامر التنفيذية (Al-Awāmir Al-Tanfīdhīyah): Executive orders.
• الشغب (Al-Shaghab): Riots or unrest.
• البرامج الحكومية الرئيسية (Al-Barāmij Al-Ḥukūmiyyah Al-Ra’īsīyah): Main government programs.
• الضمان الاجتماعي (Al-Ḍamān Al-Ijtimā’ī): Social Security.
• الرعاية الطبية (Al-Ri’āyah Al-Ṭibbīyah): Medical care.
• الانفاق الفيدرالي (Al-Infāq Al-Fīdīrālī): Federal spending.
• الإكراميات (Al-Ikrāmiyyāt): Tips or gratuities.
• المؤسسات الإعلامية (Al-Mu’assasāt Al-I’lāmiyyah): Media institutions.
• الضغوط البيعية (Al-Ḍughūṭ Al-Bay’īyah): Selling pressure.
• التباين (Al-Tabāyun): Discrepancy or divergence.
• السياسة النقدية (Al-Siyāsah Al-Naqdīyah): Monetary policy.
• بنك الاحتياطي الفيدرالي الأمريكي (Bank Al-Iḥtiyāṭī Al-Fīdīrālī Al-Amrīkī): The US Federal Reserve Bank.
• بنك اليابان (Bank Al-Yābān): Bank of Japan.
• التحولات الهيكلية (Al-Taḥawwulāt Al-Haykalīyah): Structural transformations.
• السيولة (Al-Siyūlah): Liquidity.
• أدوات الدين (Adawāt Al-Dayn): Debt instruments.
• محافظ التمويل (Maḥāfiẓ Al-Tamwīl): Financing portfolios.
• المطلوبات الأجنبية (Al-Maṭlūbāt Al-Ajnabiyyah): Foreign liabilities.
• الأصول الأجنبية (Al-Uṣūl Al-Ajnabiyyah): Foreign assets.

Quiz Answer Key

1. The comprehensive update to the GDP reflects the diversity of the Saudi economy.
2. The primary goal of the comprehensive GDP update is to enhance the quality of economic data and strengthen transparency in measuring the performance of the national economy.
3. According to the updated economic data, the non-oil economy is showing a greater role in the overall economy.
4. The Al-Ahli football club won the Asian Elite Club Cup.
5. The final match in the Asian Elite Club Cup ended with Al-Ahli winning 2-0.
6. The weekly meeting chaired by the Mayor of the Eastern Province focused on intensifying efforts in priority areas to raise digital coverage and implementing field plans to improve the urban landscape.
7. The highest number of violation registrations recorded by the municipalities in the Eastern Province during April 2025 was 7,950 observations.
8. The primary purpose of raising the fee on undeveloped white lands to 10% annually is to stimulate urban development and limit land hoarding.
9. According to the source, the main driver of the USD/JPY exchange rate trend is the divergence in monetary policy between the US Federal Reserve and the Bank of Japan.
10. The government media office claims Israel has committed “systematic media genocide” against journalists and media institutions in Gaza.

Briefing Document: Review of Source Material (Issue 20757, May 4, 2025)

Executive Summary:

This briefing document summarizes the key themes and significant information presented in the provided excerpts from the Al Riyadh newspaper issue 20757. The sources cover a range of topics including the Saudi economy and Vision 2030, sports news (specifically football and Paralympics), municipal efforts to improve urban landscapes, Hajj preparations and related regulations, the banking sector and financial markets, the global oil market, the consulting industry, the situation in Gaza and other parts of Palestine, cultural initiatives, the effectiveness of US presidential executive orders (specifically in relation to Donald Trump), media trends (including reality and prank shows), cyber awareness, and a personal account of an archery journey.

Key Themes and Important Ideas/Facts:

1. Saudi Economy and Vision 2030:

• Comprehensive GDP Update: A strategic step reflecting Saudi Arabia’s commitment to improving economic data quality and enhancing transparency in measuring national economic performance.
• Non-Oil Sector Growth: Updated results show a larger role for the non-oil economy, aligning with Vision 2030’s goal of building a more diversified and sustainable economy.
• Positive Economic Outlook: Economic forecasts remain positive, supported by qualitative structural reforms and projects across various state sectors, which are expected to boost non-oil GDP growth and reinforce Saudi Arabia’s position as a regional and international economic hub.
• Research and Scientific Advancement: Emphasis on scientific research has intensified with the launch of Vision 2030, aiming to enrich knowledge and achieve national aspirations through innovative and creative generations.
• “Year of Craft 2025”: The Ministry of Culture’s initiative to designate 2025 as the “Year of Craft” underscores the national focus on developing manual crafts and their connection to cultural and tourism development within Vision 2030.

1. Sports Achievements and Events:

• Al Ahli Wins AFC Champions League Elite: Al Ahli football club secured the AFC Champions League Elite title by defeating Kawasaki Frontale (Japan) 2-0. This is the club’s first time winning this iteration of the tournament and makes them the third Saudi club to lift an Asian continental title.
• Quote: “Al Ahli won the title of the AFC Champions League Elite after defeating Kawasaki Frontale of Japan 2-0 in the final match…”
• Player and Goalkeeper Awards: Al Ahli’s Roberto Firmino was named best player, and Edouard Mendy was named best goalkeeper of the tournament.
• Saudi Arabia to Host AFC U-17 Asian Cup: Saudi Arabia has been granted the right to host the AFC U-17 Asian Cup for the next three editions (2026, 2027, and 2028).
• Paralympics Super Goalball Championship: The Saudi Federation for Visual Impairment Sports concluded its 2024-2025 season with the Super Goalball Championship, where Al Riyadh club won first place. The Federation highlights the success of the season due to the support of clubs, players, and coaches.

1. Municipal Development and Urban Improvement:

• Improving the Urban Landscape in the Eastern Province: The Secretary of the Eastern Province emphasized the need to intensify efforts in priority areas to increase digital coverage to 100% and implement field plans to improve the urban landscape.
• Addressing Visual Distortion: Efforts to address visual distortions included recording over 7,950 observations and treating the most prominent elements of distortion.
• Monitoring White Lands Development: Follow-up on the development of targeted white lands for 2025 is being conducted regularly.
• Issuance of Excavation Permits: 983 excavation permits were issued in April across various municipalities.
• Increased Oversight: 2,194 regulatory visits were conducted, and the role of the “monitoring consultant” (requiring qualified engineering offices for supervision of excavation works) was highlighted.

1. Hajj Preparations and Regulations:

• Arrival of First Batch of Bangladeshi Pilgrims: The first group of pilgrims from Bangladesh arrived in Saudi Arabia for Hajj, receiving a warm welcome with roses, Zamzam water, and gifts. Saudi authorities are providing maximum comfort and ease for pilgrims.
• Regulations for Hajj: The General Directorate of Passports issued orders against 14,829 citizens who violated residency, labor, and border security regulations during the month of Shawwal 1446 AH (April/May 2025).
• Penalties for Violations: Penalties vary between imprisonment, financial fines, and deportation. Individuals and institutions are warned against transporting, employing, sheltering, or assisting violators.
• Penalties for Transporting Violators to Holy Sites: Transporting violators of residency, labor, and border security regulations to Mecca, the Holy Sites, and the surrounding areas can result in a fine of up to 100,000 Saudi Riyals per violator, deportation, and a ban from entering the Kingdom for 10 years. Vehicles used for illegal transport may also be confiscated.
• Reporting Violations: The Ministry of Interior urges adherence to Hajj regulations and encourages reporting violations via emergency numbers (911 in Mecca, Riyadh, and the Eastern Province, and 999 in other regions).

1. Banking Sector and Financial Markets:

• Saudi Banks’ Q1 2025 Results: Saudi banks achieved significant growth in net profits in the first quarter of 2025, with total profits exceeding 22 billion Riyals, marking a 19.4% growth and the highest historical level.
• Drivers of Profit Growth: The large increase in financing volume is the primary reason for the significant profit growth.
• Funding Gaps: Banks have experienced gaps between financing and deposits, leading them to issue debt instruments (Sukuk) and increase borrowings from other banks and financial institutions to cover these gaps.
• Increased Borrowing Costs: Banks are incurring higher costs to secure liquidity, which has negatively impacted net commission income.
• Liquidity Shortage Despite Money Supply Increase: Despite a historic increase in the money supply (over 3 trillion Riyals), there is a severe liquidity shortage in the banking sector. The gap between financing and deposits is widening.
• Impact of Foreign Liabilities: Foreign liabilities on Saudi banks have significantly increased, leading to a net foreign asset deficit for the first time. This suggests a need for the central bank to intervene.

1. Global Oil Market:

• Significant Weekly Losses: Oil prices recorded their biggest weekly losses since the end of March, with Brent crude falling over 8% and WTI crude losing around 7.7%.
• Factors Affecting Prices: The losses are attributed to a combination of declining demand, expanding supply (outside of OPEC+), weak economic data from China and the US, and concerns about slowing demand.
• Impact of US-China Trade War: Concerns about an economic slowdown caused by the US-China trade war have reduced oil demand growth forecasts.
• Investor Caution: Traders remain cautious due to the potential for de-escalation in the US-China trade dispute, although indicators are still preliminary.
• Impact of US Jobs Data: Friday’s oil price decline was contained by rising stock markets, which were boosted by stronger-than-expected US jobs data.
• Divergent Strategies Among Oil Majors: Major oil companies like Exxon Mobil maintained production rates, while Chevron and BP plan to reduce share buyback operations in the second quarter, indicating different strategies related to market cycles.

1. Consulting Industry:

• Criticism of the Consulting Sector: The article highlights the growing criticism and scrutiny faced by consulting firms, despite their crucial role in guiding clients, enhancing performance, and transferring knowledge.
• Issues of Failed and “Cooked” Consultations: Concerns are raised about failed or fabricated consultations, lack of professionalism, recurring scandals, and legal issues related to corruption, fraud, data manipulation, and fabricated reports.
• Loss of Trust: The prevalence of these issues raises questions about the value and reality of these firms’ recommendations, even those ranked among the best globally.
• Consequences of Misconduct: Some firms have faced lawsuits, legal or regulatory violations, criminal charges, contract terminations, and financial penalties. The Public Investment Fund (PIF) has banned dealing with PwC without stating reasons, and the US Department of Defense recently terminated consulting contracts as part of cost-cutting measures.
• Quote: “…found a number of failed or ‘cooked’ consultations, to use the expression, and a number of consultants who are not skilled in the consulting profession, or the operations of these consulting companies…”

1. Situation in Gaza and Palestine:

• Humanitarian Crisis in Gaza: A severe humanitarian crisis is ongoing in Gaza, with increasing cases of malnutrition, especially among children.
• Lack of Food and Aid: No food, infant formula, or nutritional supplements have entered Gaza for the past two months due to the complete blockade.
• Economic Collapse and Displacement in Jenin: The city and camp of Jenin are experiencing a deteriorating economic situation due to the aggression, leading to significant losses for businesses, reduced shopping activity, and the destruction of infrastructure. Thousands remain forcibly displaced.
• Targeting of Journalists and Media Institutions: The Israeli occupation is accused of committing a “systematic media genocide” against journalists and media institutions in Gaza.
• High Death Toll of Journalists: Since the start of the aggression, 212 journalists have been killed and 409 injured, some with permanent disabilities.
• Quote: “The Governmental Media Office said that the ‘Israeli’ occupation committed a ‘systematic media genocide’ against journalists and media institutions since the start of its aggression on the Gaza Strip 19 months ago.”

1. Cultural and Intellectual Initiatives:

• “Talks at the Library” Initiative: King Fahd National Library has resumed its “Talks at the Library” initiative, promoting communication and cultural exchange.
• Discussion on the Library of Alexandria: A session featured Dr. Mustafa El Feki, former head of the Library of Alexandria, discussing the library’s role in cultural revitalization and its global impact. He asserted that Arabs were innocent of burning the ancient Library of Alexandria.
• Culture and National Identity: Dr. Abdulrahman Al-Farih emphasized the role of institutions in reinforcing national identity and promoting citizenship values, aligning with Vision 2030’s goals of a vibrant society, prosperous economy, and ambitious nation.
• “Schools of Art and Literature” Gathering: An event brought together intellectuals, writers, and artists to discuss the development of the creative movement in Saudi Arabia and its alignment with Vision 2030.

1. US Politics and Donald Trump:

• Trump’s Use of Executive Orders: The article highlights Donald Trump’s prolific use of executive orders early in his presidency, exceeding the number issued by previous presidents in comparable periods. This was seen as a way to fulfill campaign promises despite congressional inaction.
• Pardons for January 6th Rioters: One of Trump’s early actions was granting pardons to individuals charged in connection with the January 6th Capitol attack.
• Withdrawal from Paris Climate Agreement: Trump’s administration withdrew the US from the Paris Climate Agreement, reversing a previous decision to rejoin.
• Proposed Tax Cuts and Challenges: The article mentions congressional efforts to make temporary tax cuts permanent and Trump’s campaign promise to eliminate federal income taxes on tips, noting the significant cost and the requirement for congressional legislation.
• Economic Impact of Trade Policies: Trump’s trade policies and tariffs are seen as having unsettled business and consumer confidence and negatively impacting his economic popularity.
• Uncertain Future Policies: Trump’s future policies are seen as potentially conflicting, balancing the desires of pro-business supporters for less government intervention and free trade with the demands of working-class supporters who hoped tariffs would bring back manufacturing jobs.

1. Media Trends and Social Commentary:

• Shift in Media Focus: The article criticizes the current media landscape, where trivial and sensational content (like “man dancing with a cat” videos) garners millions of views, while educational and quality content is ignored.
• Quote: “We are in a time when people spend hours watching someone explain ‘how to drink water creatively,’ while ignoring books, educational content, and anything that might raise awareness.”
• Impact of Clickbait and Celebrities: News selection is driven by clickability rather than value, with sensational headlines and celebrity gossip dominating media coverage, while important issues are marginalized.
• Problematic Prank and Reality Shows: A significant portion of the article focuses on the rise of exploitative and potentially dangerous prank and reality shows in the Arab world.
• Lack of Ethical Standards: These programs are criticized for their high budgets and viewership despite lacking ethical standards, often relying on pranking unsuspecting individuals or even using celebrities in potentially harmful situations. Examples of problematic shows are cited, including one that used a fake Angelina Jolie and a potentially dangerous portrayal of a COVID-19 vaccine.
• Psychological Impact: The article references Sigmund Freud’s ideas on aggression, suggesting that such shows provide a way for audiences to release aggression, but in a harmful and potentially destructive manner. The tragic case of Mona Lisa Perez, who killed her boyfriend in a stunt for a YouTube video, is used as an example of the dangerous consequences.

1. Cyber Awareness:

• Importance of Cyber Awareness: The article briefly mentions the importance of cyber awareness.

1. Personal Account of an Archery Journey:

• Overcoming Initial Hesitation: A personal narrative describes the author’s initial reluctance to take up archery at age 10, viewing it as a “bad idea.”
• Parental Encouragement: The author’s parents’ persistent encouragement played a key role in them trying the sport.
• Early Success and Recognition: The author achieved early success in archery, winning a significant match and later the Riyadh Grand Championship, leading to recognition as a top archer under 18 in Saudi Arabia.
• Joining Al Hilal Club: Good performance led to the author signing a professional contract with Al Hilal club, one of the most popular and important clubs in Saudi Arabia.

1. Real Madrid and Carlo Ancelotti’s Future:

• Ancelotti’s Future Announcement: Real Madrid coach Carlo Ancelotti announced he would reveal his future with the club on May 25th.
• Rumors of Departure: There is speculation about Ancelotti’s departure following Real Madrid’s loss of the La Liga title and elimination from the Champions League.
• Links to Brazilian National Team: Spanish media reports suggest Ancelotti has agreed to coach the Brazilian national team after his contract with Real Madrid expires.
• Ancelotti’s Ambiguous Statement: Ancelotti made an ambiguous statement about his future, suggesting his last day could be May 25, 2025, or potentially much later.

1. Al Hilal’s Season Performance and Coaching Speculation:

• Disappointing Season: The article characterizes Al Hilal’s season as “catastrophic” and “bad.”
• Elimination from Key Competitions: Al Hilal was eliminated from the AFC Champions League Elite semi-finals by Al Ahli and the King’s Cup quarter-finals. Their chances of winning the Roshn League are also considered difficult.
• Speculation about Managerial Change: Due to the disappointing results, there is speculation that Al Hilal may replace their current manager, Jorge Jesus.
• Xavi Hernandez as Potential Candidate: Reports suggest that Xavi Hernandez, the former Barcelona player and manager, is a candidate to take over as Al Hilal’s coach. His previous success with Barcelona and Al Sadd (Qatar) are cited as reasons for his potential suitability.
• Criticism of Planning: The article suggests Al Hilal’s poor performance is due to “bad planning for the season before it started.”

Additional Notes:

• The newspaper issue date is clearly indicated as Sunday, May 4, 2025.
• Multiple articles touch upon the impact and objectives of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030, highlighting its pervasive influence across various sectors.
• Several articles contain reporting based on official statements and data from government ministries and entities (Ministry of Economy and Planning, General Authority for Statistics, General Directorate of Passports, Ministry of Interior, National Center for Wildlife Development, etc.).
• The article on media trends reflects a broader concern about the quality and ethical implications of popular media content.
• The sports section provides detailed accounts of recent football matches and tournament outcomes.

This briefing document provides a comprehensive overview of the major topics and significant information presented in the provided source material.

Kingdom Updates and Regional Concerns

• What is the significance of the recent comprehensive update to Saudi Arabia’s GDP calculation? The comprehensive update to the calculation of Saudi Arabia’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), issued by the General Authority for Statistics, is a strategic step reflecting the Kingdom’s commitment to improving the quality of its economic data and enhancing transparency in measuring national economic performance. This update aligns with best international statistical practices and aims to improve the accuracy of measuring the size and components of the Saudi economy, bolstering the ability of policymakers to make informed decisions. It also highlights the increasing role of the non-oil economy, signaling the Kingdom’s shift towards diversification and openness, in line with Saudi Vision 2030’s goal of building a more diversified and sustainable economy. Economic forecasts for the Kingdom remain positive, supported by structural reforms and development projects, which are expected to boost non-oil GDP growth and solidify Saudi Arabia’s position as a regional and international economic hub.
• How is Saudi Arabia fostering scientific research and innovation, and what role does Vision 2030 play? Saudi Arabia has long prioritized scientific research, with universities initiating efforts in this field decades ago to enrich knowledge across various domains. This focus has intensified significantly with the launch of Vision 2030, which explicitly aims to enhance scientific research activity and achieve the aspiration of having a generation of inventors and innovators who contribute to their nation’s progress through their discoveries and export base. This commitment to research and innovation is viewed as crucial for national development and aligns with the broader goals of technological advancement and economic diversification outlined in Vision 2030.
• What are the key challenges facing the Saudi banking sector despite recent profit growth? Despite achieving high profit growth in the first quarter of 2025, largely driven by a significant increase in financing volume, Saudi banks are facing a severe liquidity shortage. This is evidenced by the widening gap between financing and deposits. To cover this gap, banks have resorted to issuing debt instruments and increasing their liabilities to financial institutions and other banks. While loan-to-deposit ratios still fall within the acceptable limits set by the Saudi Central Bank due to specific calculation methodologies that include long-term debt, the figures indicate a clear need for banks to rely heavily on external funding sources and agreements to meet the growing demand for financing. This situation also leads to increased interest costs and affects the net income from commissions, suggesting that the trend of lower commission income and increased expenses may continue.
• What is the current situation regarding commercial relations between the United States and China, and how has it impacted global markets, particularly oil and currencies? Commercial tensions between the United States and China continue to create uncertainty in global markets. While there has been some recent optimism regarding potential dialogue between the two nations to address tariffs, the situation remains fluid. These tensions have contributed to concerns about a potential economic slowdown, which has negatively impacted oil prices, leading to significant weekly losses for both Brent and WTI crude. The trade war has also shaken confidence in US assets as safe havens and contributed to the weakening of the US dollar, which in turn has supported oil demand. The volatility in US trade policy has left investors cautious and many analysts leaning towards a long-term bearish outlook for the dollar and US government bonds.
• What are the main criticisms leveled against some consulting firms and their practices? While consulting firms play a vital role in enhancing performance, maximizing efficiency, and driving innovation, recent events have brought them under scrutiny. There are concerns about failed or “cooked” consultations, a lack of professionalism among some consultants, and questionable practices that violate ethical standards. More significantly, recurring serious legal issues and scandals linked to corruption, fraud, manipulation of data, fabricating reports, and falsifying facts have raised serious questions about the true value and integrity of the recommendations provided by some of these firms. Recent instances of government entities prohibiting or terminating contracts with major consulting firms further highlight these concerns.
• How is Saudi Arabia preparing for the upcoming Hajj season? Makkah and the surrounding holy sites are in a state of readiness for the upcoming Hajj season, anticipating a large influx of pilgrims. Various sectors, particularly those related to pilgrim services, are actively preparing. This includes ensuring the availability of goods and supplies, preparing sales outlets, and finalizing agreements with Hajj companies. There is also a significant focus on attracting and employing thousands of workers to support the pilgrimage operations, highlighting the large-scale logistical efforts involved. Authorities are also conducting joint field campaigns to monitor markets, address violations, and ensure the safety, security, and health of pilgrims.
• What is the significance of Saudi Arabia hosting the AFC U17 Asian Cup for the next three editions? Saudi Arabia being granted the right to host the AFC U17 Asian Cup for the next three editions (2026, 2027, and 2028) signifies the Kingdom’s growing prominence as a major host for significant Asian football events. This decision, made by the AFC Competitions Committee, follows Saudi Arabia’s successful hosting of the final stages of the AFC Champions League Elite, which culminated in Al Ahli’s victory. Hosting these youth tournaments aligns with Saudi Arabia’s efforts to develop football at all levels and demonstrates its capability to organize major international sporting competitions, contributing to its broader sports development strategy.
• What is the current human rights and economic situation in Gaza and other parts of Palestine based on the provided sources? The sources paint a grim picture of the human rights and economic situation in Gaza and other areas of Palestine. In Gaza, there are warnings of a potential large-scale humanitarian catastrophe due to a complete siege, leading to severe food shortages, particularly affecting children. There are reports of increasing cases of underweight individuals, physical and psychological changes in children, and recorded deaths due to starvation. Furthermore, there are accusations of a systematic “media genocide” against journalists and media institutions in Gaza, with a high number of journalists reported killed. In Jenin, the economic situation is deteriorating with widespread closures of businesses, significant commercial losses, and damage to infrastructure due to ongoing assaults, leading to a near-complete economic paralysis in some areas and the displacement of thousands of residents.

By Amjad Izhar
Contact: amjad.izhar@gmail.com
https://amjadizhar.blog

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