SCO Summit: Geopolitics and Asian Cooperation

The provided text is an excerpt from a YouTube video transcript that offers an overview and analysis of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit held in Tianjin, China. The analysis focuses heavily on the geopolitical implications of the summit, particularly in the context of rising tensions between the United States and its allies versus a growing Sino-Russian partnership. Key topics addressed include the SCO’s history and recent expansion to include Pakistan and India, the significance of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s attendance amid strained US-India relations due to tariffs, and the calls by Chinese and Russian leaders for greater Asian unity against perceived Western “power politics.” The text also details the summit’s joint communique, highlighting its balanced approach to addressing various member concerns, such as condemning terrorism and seeking political solutions in Afghanistan, while noting the ongoing China-India border disputes and the complexities of Pakistan-India relations.

Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Tianjin Summit

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit discussed in the sources centers on the 25th Head of Government Meeting held in Tianjin, China. This summit was characterized as the largest in the organization’s history, featuring the participation of heads of state from 20 countries.

SCO Background and Geopolitical Significance

The SCO was established in 2001 in the Chinese city of Shanghai. Founding members included China and Russia, alongside Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan. Pakistan and India officially joined the organization on July 10, 2015.

The SCO is widely viewed as a powerful organization positioned in opposition to the United States (US) and its Western allies. The US, under President Trump, explicitly sought to suppress China’s rising power. Consequently, Trump expressed disapproval of the Tianjin Summit, dismissing it as a mere “showy operation”.

China and Russia have consistently wished for India to move closer to them and integrate into the concept of Asian power, rather than solidifying its status as a US ally.

Key Participation and Indian Context

The summit was notable for the personal attendance of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who came to China for the first time in seven years, having previously sent representatives.

Modi’s attendance carried significant weight because relations between India—long considered the US’s closest ally—and the US had cooled substantially due to US President Trump imposing a 50% tariff on India.

Despite India’s historical alliance with the US (including being part of the US-Australia-Japan-India QUAD, which aims to contain China), Modi emphasized strategic relations and cooperation with China, insisting that these ties should not be viewed through the lens of a third country.

Major Themes and Leadership Addresses

Chinese President Xi Jinping’s Focus

President Xi Jinping used the summit to criticize specific international behavior, stating that “hooliganism and threatening behavior in the name of the World Order is deplorable”. While he did not explicitly name the US, his reference was clear. He urged member states to rise against the “supremacy and politics of power” employed by the West.

Xi called on SCO member states to:

• Put aside mutual differences and promote consensus.
• Become each other’s friends and partners.
• Establish strategic communication while respecting mutual differences.

Xi used the China-India relationship as a practical example. He noted that both are the world’s two largest population nations, comprising 2.8 billion people, and represent the two oldest civilizations in the East. He acknowledged existing border disputes but stressed that these matters should not dominate the overall relationship. He asserted that cooperation and unity, likened to the “shared dance of the dragon and the elephant,” are essential, and the two nations should be good partners for each other’s success, aiming to increase their trade volume. The core lesson from this conference, according to the source, is that severe border disputes should not hold the overall relationship hostage or constrain trade ties.

Other Leadership Remarks

• Russian President Vladimir Putin used the platform to defend his “illegal attack” on Ukraine. He stated that continuous efforts by the West to incorporate Ukraine into NATO were a primary reason for the conflict, as they presented a direct threat to Russia’s security.
• Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif focused on desiring normalized relations with neighboring countries.
• Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi strongly condemned terrorism.

The Joint Communiqué and Outcomes

The joint declaration issued by the summit was largely viewed as balanced, taking into account the demands of almost all member states without specifically accusing or naming any single party.

Key points addressed in the declaration included:

• Terrorism: The declaration officially condemned terrorism. It specifically condemned the Jaffar Express and Khuzdar attacks (requested by Pakistan), and the terrorism associated with the Pahalgam incident (requested by India). A demand was made to bring the patrons of these terrorist acts to justice. This outcome was significant for India, as a previous conference held in China in June of the same year had refused to include the condemnation of the Pahalgam incident in its declaration.
• Proxy Warfare: The declaration asserted that the use of terrorist groups as political tools or proxies is unacceptable.
• International Issues: The communiqué affirmed the 2015 Iran Nuclear Agreement and cautioned against any reinterpretation of the relevant UN resolution. It also condemned actions causing civilian casualties in Gaza and denounced American and Israeli attacks on Iran.
• Afghanistan: A demand was made for the establishment of a government in Afghanistan that includes representatives from all political and ethnic groups to ensure lasting peace.

Diplomatic Context

Diplomats held expectations that the recent Tianjin Summit might facilitate a meeting or at least a handshake between Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif and Prime Minister Modi, but this meeting did not occur.

In terms of future goals, the greatest responsibility lies with Chinese leadership to find new paths for economic cooperation among member states to foster better assistance and development opportunities within the Asian alliance, particularly in contrast to the US/Trump approach.

China-US Strategic Rivalry at SCO Summit

The relationship between China and the United States (US), as reflected in the sources focusing on the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit, is characterized by geopolitical opposition, strategic rivalry, and mutual criticism.

Strategic Opposition and Rivalry

The sources explicitly frame the SCO as a powerful organization positioned in opposition to the United States (US) and its Western allies.

This opposition is underscored by the US stance toward China’s rising global influence:

• Suppression of Power: The fundamental slogan of US President Trump is identified as seeking to suppress China’s emerging power.
• Dismissal of SCO: Reflecting this adversarial approach, Trump expressed disapproval of the Tianjin Summit, dismissing it as a merely “showy operation”.
• Containment Efforts: The US is noted as being part of the QUAD (along with Australia, Japan, and India), which has the express objective of China’s containment.

Chinese and Russian Rhetoric Against Western Supremacy

During the SCO Summit, Chinese and Russian leaders directed strong criticism toward what they perceive as Western dominance, without always naming the US directly:

• Critique of “World Order”: Chinese President Xi Jinping used the platform to criticize specific international behavior, stating that “hooliganism and threatening behavior in the name of the World Order is deplorable”. Although the US was not named, the source notes that his reference was clear.
• Opposition to Power Politics: President Xi urged SCO member states to rise against the “supremacy and politics of power” employed by the West.
• Allied Alignment: China and Russia have shared the desire for India to align more closely with them, moving toward the concept of Asian power rather than solidifying its status as a US ally.

Impact on US Alliances

US policies and actions have reportedly strained relations with key allies, driving them closer to China and the SCO:

• Tariffs on India: US President Trump imposed a 50% tariff on India, which resulted in a substantial cooling of relations between India and the US, despite India traditionally being considered the US’s closest ally.
• Neutralization of QUAD: The source suggests that Trump’s “shortsightedness” has effectively “suspended” the QUAD, a group aimed at containing China. Due to this loss of enthusiasm, Trump was reportedly forced to cancel his attendance at the November QUAD meeting hosted by India.
• India’s Shift: Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, attending the SCO Summit, emphasized strategic relations and cooperation with China despite border differences, insisting that these ties “should not be viewed through the lens of a third country” (referring to the US).

Direct Condemnation in SCO Declaration

The joint communiqué issued by the SCO Summit included a condemnation of US actions concerning the Middle East:

• The declaration condemned American and Israeli attacks on Iran.
• It also affirmed the 2015 Iran Nuclear Agreement and cautioned against any reinterpretation of the relevant UN resolution.

India-Pakistan Relations at the SCO Summit

The discussion of India-Pakistan ties, particularly in the context of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit, highlights the presence of strained relations, mutual desires for normalization, and a focus on combating terrorism.

Participation and Diplomatic Expectations

Both India and Pakistan are members of the SCO, having officially joined the organization on July 10, 2015. The 25th Head of Government Meeting in Tianjin, China, featured the personal attendance of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and the participation of Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif.

• Desire for Normalization: Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif used the platform to emphasize that Pakistan desires normal relations with its neighbors.
• Failed Meeting Expectation: Diplomats held the expectation that the recent Tianjin Summit might facilitate a meeting or at least a handshake between Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif and Prime Minister Modi. However, the source notes that this anticipated meeting did not occur.

The source contrasts this lack of interaction with a historical moment during a SAARC conference where Pakistani President General Pervez Musharraf, despite heightened tension, approached and shook hands with Indian Prime Minister Vajpayee, which helped to thaw the “ice of mutual conflict”. The source notes that current Pakistani leadership, despite often advocating for dialogue on international platforms, lacked the “courage” shown by the former leader.

Shared Condemnation of Terrorism

A significant point concerning India-Pakistan relations at the SCO Summit was the inclusion of mutual demands regarding the condemnation of terrorism in the joint communiqué.

• Indian Condemnation: Indian Prime Minister Modi strongly condemned terrorism.
• Joint Communiqué Outcomes: The joint declaration of the summit was noted as being balanced and addressing the demands of almost all member states. Crucially, it included:
• Condemnation of the Jaffar Express and Khuzdar attacks (requested by Pakistan).
• Condemnation of the terrorism associated with the Pahalgam incident (requested by India).
• Accountability: The declaration included a demand to bring the patrons of these terrorist acts to justice.
• Proxy Warfare: The communiqué also asserted that the use of terrorist groups as political tools or proxies is unacceptable.

The inclusion of the condemnation of the Pahalgam incident was particularly significant for India, as a previous conference held in China in June of the same year had refused to include it in its declaration, leading the Indian Defense Minister to leave the conference without signing the document.

Call to End Hostility

The sources emphasize the importance of overcoming historical animosity, drawing a parallel with the relationship between China and India:

• National Interest: One perspective presented is that the elimination of hostility toward India is in the greater interest of the 250 million Pakistani people. It is argued that democracy and public interests in Pakistan are currently at stake due to this hostility.
• Chinese Example: The source suggests that Pakistani leaders should learn from Chinese President Xi Jinping’s speech at the SCO Summit regarding China-India relations. Xi stated that despite severe border disputes, these matters should not dominate the overall relationship, nor should they hold trade relations hostage.

Shanghai Cooperation Organisation: Unity Against External Pressure

Regional cooperation, as discussed in the context of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit, is emphasized as a necessity for mutual development, stability, and collective resistance against external pressures, particularly among the Asian powers.

Principles and Necessity of Cooperation

Chinese President Xi Jinping, in his address at the SCO Summit, underscored the key principles necessary for effective regional cooperation:

• Setting Aside Differences: President Xi called on SCO member states to “put aside mutual differences” and promote consensus.
• Friendship and Partnership: Members should strive to become “each other’s friends and partners”.
• Strategic Communication: The establishment of strategic communication is required while simultaneously respecting mutual differences.
• Unity Against External Pressure: Xi urged member states to rise against the “supremacy and politics of power” employed by the West and to counter “hooliganism and threatening behavior in the name of the World Order”.

Economic and Trade Cooperation

A significant focus of regional cooperation is strengthening economic and commercial ties:

• Increasing Trade Volume: Regarding the China-India relationship, President Xi emphasized that both nations should be good partners for each other’s success and expressed a desire to increase their trade volume.
• New Paths for Development: The sources note that the greatest responsibility lies with Chinese leadership to find new paths for economic cooperation among member states. This is intended to foster better assistance and development opportunities within the Asian alliance, serving as a direct counterpoint to the “Trump approach”.

Cooperation in the Face of Disputes: The China-India Example

President Xi used the relationship between China and India as a powerful illustration of necessary regional cooperation despite severe bilateral conflicts:

• Shared Civilizations and Population: He highlighted that China and India are two ancient Eastern civilizations and the two largest population nations, collectively comprising 2.8 billion people.
• Disputes Should Not Dominate: While acknowledging existing “border disputes,” Xi stressed that “these matters should not dominate the overall relationship”.
• Lesson of the Conference: The core lesson emphasized by the source, drawn from Xi’s speech, is that severe border disputes should not hold the overall relationship hostage or constrain trade ties.
• Shared Vision: Xi likened the necessary cooperation and unity between the two nations to the “shared dance of the dragon and the elephant”.
• Strategic Relations: Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi also emphasized strategic relations and cooperation with China despite the border differences, insisting that these ties should “not be viewed through the lens of a third country”.

Cooperation on Security: Combating Terrorism

Regional cooperation is vital for addressing shared security threats, notably terrorism:

• Joint Condemnation: The SCO Joint Communiqué issued at the summit demonstrated successful cooperation by officially condemning terrorism, specifically addressing incidents requested by both Pakistan (Jaffar Express and Khuzdar attacks) and India (Pahalgam incident).
• Proxy Warfare: The declaration affirmed a collective stance that the use of terrorist groups as political tools or proxies is unacceptable.
• Afghanistan Peace: Member states jointly demanded the establishment of a government in Afghanistan that includes representatives from all political and ethnic groups to ensure lasting peace.

Broader Geopolitical Cooperation

The SCO itself is positioned as a framework for cooperation among non-Western powers:

• Asian Power Concept: China and Russia have a shared desire for India to integrate into the concept of Asian power rather than functioning solely as a US ally.
• Addressing Global Issues: The declaration demonstrated regional alignment on international issues by affirming the 2015 Iran Nuclear Agreement and cautioning against reinterpretation of the relevant UN resolution, as well as condemning American and Israeli attacks on Iran.

Geopolitical Strategies of SCO Against Western Hegemony

The fundamental geopolitical strategy adopted by the key SCO members, notably China and Russia, is one of resistance to Western supremacy and power politics.

Goals and Rhetorical Strategy:

• Opposing US Power: The SCO The discussion of geopolitical strategy within the sources centers on the actions and objectives of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) nations, primarily China and Russia, in direct opposition to the United States (US) and its strategic alliances.The Strategy of Counter-Hegemony (SCO, China, and Russia)is viewed as a powerful organization positioned in opposition to the United States (US) and its Western allies. US President Trump’s core slogan is identified as the attempt to suppress China’s rising power.
• Challenging the “World Order”: Chinese President Xi Jinping directly criticized international actions, stating that “hooliganism and threatening behavior in the name of the World Order is deplorable,” with the sources noting this was a clear reference to the US.
• Call for Collective Resistance: Xi urged SCO member states to rise against the “supremacy and politics of power” employed by the West.

Strategic Methods:

• Alliance Building: The SCO strategy emphasizes internal cohesion by calling on members to “put aside mutual differences,” promote consensus, and establish strategic communication while respecting those differences.
• Economic Differentiation: Chinese leadership bears the primary responsibility for finding “new paths for economic cooperation” among member states. This strategic goal is intended to foster better assistance and development opportunities within the Asian alliance, providing a counter-narrative to the “Trump approach”.

The Strategic Battle for India’s Alignment

A central component of the current geopolitical strategy involves securing India’s alignment, shifting it away from its historical US alliance and integrating it into the concept of “Asian power”.

• Push from China and Russia: China and Russia share a common desire for India to align more closely with them rather than solidifying its status as a US ally.
• Leveraging US Tariffs: The strategy benefited from the US imposition of a 50% tariff on India under President Trump, which caused a significant cooling of relations between India (long considered the US’s closest ally) and the US.
• Chinese Diplomacy (Strategic Partnership): President Xi Jinping executed a diplomatic strategy aimed at neutralizing bilateral disputes. He acknowledged existing border disputes but insisted that these issues “should not dominate the overall relationship” or hold trade relations hostage. Instead, he proposed that China and India should view each other as partners for success, aiming to increase their trade volume. This cooperation was likened to the “shared dance of the dragon and the elephant”.
• Indian Response: Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi confirmed this strategic shift by emphasizing strategic relations and cooperation with China, insisting these ties should not be viewed through the lens of a “third country”.

The US Strategy of Containment (The QUAD)

The US geopolitical strategy has historically focused on containment of China, primarily through the QUAD grouping:

• Containment Goal: The US, Australia, Japan, and India are part of the QUAD, which is specifically designed for the “containment of China”. The group aims to coordinate actions if any issue arises concerning Taiwan.
• Strategic Failure/Suspension: The sources indicate that the “shortsightedness” of US President Trump has effectively “suspended” the QUAD. The loss of enthusiasm led to the cancellation of his attendance at the November QUAD meeting hosted by India.

Regional Security Strategy and Consensus

SCO member states utilized the summit to achieve a unified strategy on shared security concerns, particularly terrorism:

• Anti-Proxy Warfare: The joint declaration asserted a collective strategic position that the use of terrorist groups as political tools or proxies is unacceptable.
• Shared Condemnation: Despite long-standing hostilities between India and Pakistan, the summit achieved a strategic consensus by officially condemning terrorism and including specific demands from both nations in the communiqué (condemnation of the Pahalgam incident for India, and the Jaffar Express and Khuzdar attacks for Pakistan). A demand was also included to bring the patrons of these terrorist acts to justice.
• Afghanistan Stability: A joint strategic demand was made for the establishment of a government in Afghanistan that includes representatives from all political and ethnic groups to ensure lasting peace.
• Middle East Alignment: The communiqué also demonstrated regional strategic alignment by condemning American and Israeli attacks on Iran, and affirming the 2015 Iran Nuclear Agreement while cautioning against reinterpretation of the relevant UN resolution.

انسانوں کے نام د لیسن اف ایس سی او سمٹ شنگھائی تعاون تنظیم ایس سی او کا قیام 2001 میں چینی شہر شنگھائی کے مقام پر ہوا جس میں چائنہ اور رشیا کے علاوہ کازکستان تاجکستان اور کرگستان شامل تھے پاکستان اور انڈیا 10 جولائی 2015 کو اس میں شامل ہوئے اس تنظیم کا حالیہ 25واں سربراہی اجلاس چائنہ کے شہر تیانجن میں ہوا جو تنظیم کی تاریخ کا سب سے بڑا اجلاس تھا اس میں 20 ممالک کے سربران شریک ہوئے اس اجلاس کی خاص خاص بات یہ تھی کہ اس میں انڈین پرائم منسٹر نریندر مودی خود بنفس نفیس شریک ہوئے اس سے پہلے وہ اپنے نمائندوں کو بھیجتے رہے ہیں یوں وہ سات برس بعد چائنہ یاترا پر ائے شنگھائی تعاون تنظیم کی سمٹ میں مودی کی امد اس لیے بھی اہمیت کی حامل تھی کہ حالیہ دنوں امریکی پریزیڈنٹ ٹرمپ نے انڈیا پر جو 50 فیصد ٹیرف لگایا ہے اس سے انڈیا اور امریکہ کے تعلقات میں اچھی خاصی سرد مہری اگئی ہے انڈیا کو امریکہ کے قریب ترین اتحادی مانا جاتا رہا ہے جبکہ شنگائی تعاون تنظیم کو ایک طرح سے امریکہ اور اس کے مغربی اتحادیوں کے بالمقابل طاقتور تنظیم کی حیثیت سے پیش کیا جاتا ہے۔ امریکی پریزیڈنٹ ٹرمپ کا بنیادی سلوگن یہ ہے کہ چائنہ کی ابھرتی طاقت کو کسی بھی طرح دبایا جائے۔ یہی وجہ ہے کہ انہوں نے انتانجن سمٹ کو ناپسند کرتے ہوئے اسے بہت نمائشی کاروائی قرار دیا ہے۔ چائنہ اور رشیا کی مشترکہ خواہش رہی ہے کہ انڈیا امریکی اتحادی بننے کی بجائے زیادہ سے زیادہ ان کی قربت میں اتے ہوئے ایشیائی طاقت کا حصہ بنے۔ جیسے کہ چینی پریزیڈنٹ شی جنن پنگ نے اس اہم ترین موقع پر خطاب کرتے ہوئے کہا ہے کہ ورلڈ ارڈر کے نام پر گنڈا گردی اور دھمکی امیز رویہ قابل مذمت ہے۔ اس میں اگرچہ انہوں نے امریکہ کا نام نہیں لیا لیکن ان کا اشارہ واضح تھا۔ چینی پریزیڈنٹ نے مغرب پر تنقید کرتے ہوئے یہ بھی کہا کہ ہمیں اس کی بالادستی اور طاقت کی سیاست کے خلاف اٹھ کھڑے ہونا چاہیے۔ انہوں نے مزید کہا کہ شنگائی تعاون تنظیم کے رکن ممالک کو چاہیے کہ وہ باہمی اختلافات کو پس پشت ڈال کر باہمی اتفاق رائے کو فروغ دیں۔ ایک دوسرے کے دوست اور پارٹنر بنیں۔ صدر شی کا کہنا تھا کہ باہمی اختلافات کا احترام کام کرتے ہوئے تضویراتی رابطے قائم کریں۔ اس سلسلے میں صدر شی نے انڈیا چائنہ تعلقات کی مثال دیتے ہوئے کہا کہ مشرق میں ہم دو قدیم ترین تہذیبیں ہیں۔ سب سے بڑی ابادی والی اقوام جو دو ارب 80 کروڑ عوام پر مشتمل ہیں۔ بلاشبہ ہمارے سرحدی تنازعات بھی ہیں لیکن ان معاملات کو ہمارے مجموعی تعلقات پر حاوی نہیں ہونا چاہیے۔ ہم ایک دوسرے کی کامیابی کے لیے اچھے پارٹنر ہیں۔ ہم اپنے تجارتی تعلقات کے حجم کو مزید بڑھانا چاہتے ہیں۔ ڈریگن اور ہاتھی کے مشترکہ رقص کی طرح تعاون و اتحاد ضروری ہے۔ رشن شن پریزیڈنٹ ولادیمیر پیوٹن نے سنگائی تعاون تنظیم کے سربراہی اجلاس سے خطاب کرتے ہوئے ناروہ طور پر یوکرین پر اپنے ناجائز حملے کی مدافت کرتے ہوئے کہا کہ مغرب کی جانب سے یوکرین کو نیٹو میں شامل کرنے کی مستقل کوششیں یوکرینی تندے کی اہم وجوہات میں سے ایک ہیں جو رشیا کی سلامتی کے لیے براہ راست خطرہ بنتی ہیں حالانکہ انہوں نے یہ حمزہ قطعی ناجائز کیا ہے پاکستانی پرائم منسٹر شہباز شریف نے اس بات پر زور دیا کہ ہم اپنے ہمسایوں سے معمول کے تعلقات چاہتے ہیں جبکہ انڈین پرائم منسٹر نے اتنکواد یا ٹیررزم کی بھرپور مذمت کی۔ یوں جو مشترکہ علامیہ جاری ہوا اس میں تقریبا تمام رکن ممالک کے مطالبات یا تقاضوں کو پیش نظر رکھتے ہوئے کسی ایک پر الزام لگانے یا نام لینے کی بجائے ایک عمومی بات کی گئی۔ اس میں جہاں پاکستان کے مطالبہ پر جعفر ایکسپریس اور خزدار حملے کی مذمت کی گئی وہیں بھارتی مطالبے پر سانعہ پہلگام کی دہشتگردی کو قابل مذمت قرار دیا گیا۔ جن کے سرپرستوں کو کٹہرے میں لانے کا مطالبہ کیا گیا۔ 2015 کے ایران جوہری معاہدے کی توثیق کی گئی۔ تھی اس کے خلاف یو این قرارداد کی دوبارہ تشریح پر خبردار کیا گیا غزہ میں شہری علاکتوں کا سبب بننے والے اقدامات اور ایران پر امریکی اسرائیلی حملوں کی بھی مذمت کی گئی افغانستان میں پائدارمن کے لیے تمام سیاسی و نسلی گروہوں کے نمائندوں کی شمولیت سے حکومت کے قیام کا مطالبہ کیا گیا دہشت گرد گروہوں کو سیاسی یا پروکسیز کی حیثیت سے استعمال کرنا ناقابل قبول قرار دیا گیا مجموعی طور پر شنگائی تعاون تنظیم کے سربراہی اجلاس کا علامیہ بڑی حد تک متوازن قرار دیا جا سکتا ہے اگلی بات اقتصادی دی حوالے سے رکن ممالک میں تعاون کی مختلف راہیں تراشنا ہے جس کی سب سے بڑی ذمہ داری خود چینی قیادت پر عائد ہوتی ہے تاکہ ٹرمپ اپروچ کے بالمقابل ایشیائی اتحاد میں بہتر معاونت اور ترقی کے مواقع پیدا ہو سکیں جس طرح پریزیڈنٹ شی نے چائنہ اور انڈیا کو حریف کی بجائے حلیف قرار دیا اسی طرح پرائم منسٹر مودی نے سرحدی اختلاف کے باوجود چائنہ انڈیا سٹریٹیجک ریلیشنز اور تعاون پر زور دیتے ہوئے کہا کہ ان تعلقات کو کسی تیسرے ملک کی نظر سے نہیں دیکھا جانا چاہیے۔ دیکھا جائے تو یہ انڈیا کی مجبوری ہے۔ پچھلی ربع صدی انڈیا امریکی اتحادی کی حیثیت سے چائنہ مخالف گردانہ جاتا رہا ہے۔ 62 کی خوفناک جنگ کے بعد 2020 میں دونوں ممالک کے درمیان گلوان ویلی کی سرحدی جھڑپیں بھی ہو چکی ہیں۔ امریکہ اسٹریلیا جاپان سے مل کر انڈیا اسکواڈ کا حصہ ہے جس کا مدع ہی چائنہ کا گھراؤ ہے تاکہ تائیوان پر کسی نوع کا کوئی ایشو پیدا ہو تو مشترکہ اقدامات اٹھائے جا سکیں۔ لیکن ٹرمپ کی ناقبت اندیشی نے بالفعل کوڈ کو ہی معطل کر ڈالا ہے۔ نومبر میں اس کا جو اجلاس بھارتی میزبانی میں ہونے جا رہا تھا موجودہ حالات میں اس کی گرمجوشی اتنی ختم ہو چکی ہے کہ ٹرمپ کو اپنا یہ دورہ منسوخ کرنا پڑا ہے۔ حالیہ تیانجن سمٹ کا ایک فائدہ یہ ہوا ہے کہ اسی سال جون میں چائنہ کے اندر جو کانفرنس منعقد ہوئی تھی اس نے سانعہ تہلگام کی مذمت کو اپنے اعلامیہ میں شامل کرنے سے انکار کر دیا تھا۔ اسی وجہ سے انڈین ڈیفنس منسٹر راجداد بغیر دستخط کیے کانفرنس کو ادھورا چھوڑ کر واپس اگئے۔ جبکہ اس مرتبہ انڈیا کے اس مطالبے کو باضابطہ طور پر یانجن سمٹ علامیہ کا حصہ بنایا گیا ہے۔ سفارت کار حالیہ تیانجن سمٹ سے یہ توقو کر رہے تھے کہ شاید شہباز مودی ملاقات یا کم از کم شیک ہینڈ کی کوئی صورت نکل ائے لیکن باوجود یہ نہ ہو سکا درویش کو اس موقع پر وہ تاریخی لمحات یاد ائے جب کشیدگی کی ایسی ہی فضا میں سار کانفرنس منعقد ہوئی جس سے پاکستانی پریزیڈنٹ جنرل پرویز مشرف نے خطاب کرنے کے بعد داعش سے واپس جانے کی بجائے سامنے سے گزرتے ہوئے اسٹیج پر تشریف فرما پرائم منسٹر واجپائی کے روبرو جا پہنچے اور ان کی طرف ہاتھ بڑھایا واجپائی حیرت کے باوجود ایک دم اٹھے اور گرم جوشی سے ان کا سواگت کیا۔ یوں مصافہ کی عالمی سطح پر خوب چرچا ہوئی اور باہمی منافعت کی برف کچھ نہ کچھ پگھلی۔ ویسے تو ہمارے بلند پرواز انڈیا سے مذاکات اور بات چیت کی دہائی ہر عالمی پلیٹ فارم پر دیتے ہیں لیکن بالفعل ان کے اندر ڈکٹیٹر جنرل پرویز مشرف جتنا جگرا بھی نہیں ہے یا شاید وہ اپنے ارمی چیف کے دباؤ میں تھے جو اس کانفرنس میں انوکھی مسائل قائم کرتے ہوئے شامل ہوئے۔ حالانکہ دیگر 20 ممالک کی قیادتوں میں سے کسی ایک کے ساتھ بھی ان کا ارمی چیف یا ایسا کوئی اہتمام نہیں تھا اور اس سے پاکستان کی ڈیموکریسی کا اندازہ کیا جا سکتا ہے۔ وہ جس طرح پیوٹن کو سامنے گزرتے دیکھ کر ہاتھ ملانے کے لیے ترستی ہوئی نظروں سے دیکھتے ہوئے اگے بڑھے جس کا کچھ حاصل بھی نہ تھا۔ کیونکہ اسی پیوٹن کو بعد ازام وہ یہ کہتے پائے گئے کہ ہمیں معلوم ہے اپ انڈیا کے قریبی متر یا دوست ہیں۔ لیکن ہم بھی اپ سے اچھے تعلقات کے خواہاں ہیں۔ حالانکہ وہ ٹرمپ جس کی نوبل پرائز کے لیے اپ بڑے فخر سے نامزدگی کر رہے ہیں اور اسرائیل کی طرح عالمی سطح پہ سفاشات بھیج رہے ہیں وہ ٹرمپ نریندر مودی سے اس وجہ سے نالہ ہے کہ تم پیوٹن سے تیل کیوں خرید رہے ہو شاید ہمارا بلند برواد بھی تھوڑا روسی تیل منگوانا چاہتا ہے یا خود کو سابق کھلاڑی کی طرح عالمی لیڈر دکھانا یا منوانا چاہتا ہے اپ ایک طرف ٹرمپ کے قصیدے پڑھتے نہیں تھکتے ہو دوسری طرف پوٹن سے ہاتھ بلانے کے لیے قومی وقار کا بھی کوئی پاس و لحاظ نہیں کر رہے ہو جبکہ اپ خالصا قومی مفاد میں سوچیں تو انڈیا دشمنی کا خاتمہ 25 کروڑ پاکستانی عوام کے زیادہ مفاد میں ہے اور اسی دشمنی کی وجہ سے ہمارے جمہوریت اور عوامی مفادات داؤ پر لگے ہوئے ہیں۔ اس سلسلے میں اپ لوگوں کو چینی پریزیڈنٹ شی جن پنگ کی سنگھائی تعاون تنظیم کے سربرائی اجلاس میں کی گئی تقریر اور بعد ازاں انڈیا کے متعلق ان کے اظہار خیال سے بہت کچھ سیکھنے کی ضرورت ہے۔ یہ کہ شدید ترین سرحدی تنازعات کے باوجود ان معاملات کو مجموعی تعلقات پر حاوی نہیں ہونا چاہیے۔ تجارتی تعلقات کو ان تنگناؤں کا اسیر نہیں بننا چاہیے۔ یہی سبق ہے اس کانفرنس کا۔