The provided texts from “20726.pdf” and associated web articles from alriyadh.com, dated March 28-29, 2025, encompass a variety of topics reflecting current events and developments in Saudi Arabia. Royal decrees announce new appointments in the foreign ministry and the military. Several articles highlight Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 and its impact on various sectors, including a significant push for tourism, the modernization of the judicial system through digitalization, and reforms in education with updated curricula and increased investment. The nation’s ambition to become a leader in integrated energy, including renewables and hydrogen, is also detailed. Additionally, the sources cover social initiatives focused on youth development and marriage support, cultural preservation efforts, the role of Saudi women in evolving professional fields, and issues such as firework safety and food waste. International news includes the resumption of conflict in Gaza, challenges in the US egg market, and the stabilization of Red Sea shipping routes impacting diesel costs.

A Comprehensive Study Guide on Selected Articles from “Al-Riyadh” Newspaper (March 2025)

I. Overview of Themes

This study guide focuses on several key themes present in the provided excerpts from “Al-Riyadh” newspaper, dated March 28-29, 2025. These themes reflect significant aspects of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 and current events. The primary areas covered are:

Economic Transformation and Diversification: The focus on developing non-oil sectors like tourism and renewable energy.
Social Reforms and Empowerment: Particularly the increased role of women in various sectors, including diplomacy and protocol.
Judicial Reform and Governance: Efforts to enhance the efficiency, transparency, and scope of the judicial system.
Human Capital Development: Initiatives in education, vocational training, and support for people with special needs.
Cultural and Heritage Preservation: Recognizing and promoting Saudi Arabia’s rich cultural heritage.
Philanthropy and Social Responsibility: The role of charitable organizations and volunteerism in national development.
Public Safety and Awareness: Highlighting the dangers of celebratory practices like using fireworks.
Regional and International Relations: Mentions of international partnerships and reactions to regional events.
Global Economic Factors: The impact of global events on local markets, such as egg prices.
Cultural Commentary and Arts: Reflections on cultural phenomena, historical figures, and literary works.

II. Key Concepts and Topics

Vision 2030: Saudi Arabia’s ambitious long-term plan for economic diversification, social reform, and national development. Understand its core pillars and goals as they relate to the themes in the articles.
Tourism Development: Strategies for attracting tourists, developing infrastructure (e.g., NEOM, Red Sea Project, Amaala, Al-Qiddiya), and promoting cultural and historical sites (e.g., Al-Hijr, Al-Diriyah).
Women’s Empowerment: The increasing participation of Saudi women in the workforce, leadership roles, and traditionally male-dominated fields like diplomacy and protocol.
Judicial System Reforms: The restructuring of courts, modernization of legal procedures through technology (e.g., e-courts, remote hearings), and expansion of specialized courts.
Education and Training Initiatives: Efforts to improve curriculum, teacher quality, vocational training (e.g., MISK Foundation programs), and inclusive education for people with special needs.
Renewable Energy Development: Saudi Arabia’s push towards renewable energy sources (solar, wind), investment in storage technologies, and the goal of diversifying the energy mix.
Hydrogen Economy: The Kingdom’s ambition to become a major producer and exporter of clean hydrogen.
Non-Oil Sector Growth: The increasing contribution of non-oil activities to the national economy.
Protocol and Diplomacy: The evolving role of women in official events, diplomatic missions, and international engagements.
Volunteerism and Charitable Work: The growing importance of volunteerism in achieving Vision 2030 goals and the role of organizations in social development.
Cultural Heritage: Efforts to preserve and promote historical sites and intangible cultural heritage.
Public Awareness Campaigns: Initiatives to educate the public on safety issues, such as the dangers of fireworks, and responsible consumption.
Global Supply Chains: The impact of international events on local markets, as seen in the discussion of egg prices and Red Sea shipping disruptions.
Cultural Analysis: Understanding the significance of cultural figures (e.g., Juha), literary works, and traditions within Saudi and Islamic contexts.

III. Short Answer Quiz

Answer the following questions in 2-3 sentences each.

What are two key non-oil sectors that Saudi Arabia is actively developing as part of its Vision 2030?
According to the articles, how has the role of Saudi women in diplomacy and official events changed in recent years?
Describe one significant aspect of the judicial reforms being implemented in Saudi Arabia.
What is the MISK Foundation, and what is one of its key objectives related to Saudi youth?
What are some of the major tourism projects mentioned in the articles that aim to attract international visitors?
What are Saudi Arabia’s goals regarding renewable energy as outlined in the provided text?
How has the Saudi judicial system incorporated technology to enhance its operations?
What are some of the efforts being made to preserve and promote Saudi Arabia’s cultural heritage?
What are the main concerns highlighted in the articles regarding the use of fireworks during celebrations?
According to the articles, what are some factors contributing to the rise in egg prices?

IV. Answer Key for Short Answer Quiz

Two key non-oil sectors that Saudi Arabia is actively developing are tourism and renewable energy. The Kingdom is investing heavily in infrastructure and initiatives to attract tourists and diversify its energy sources away from oil.
The role of Saudi women in diplomacy and official events has significantly increased, with more women being appointed as ambassadors and taking on leadership roles in organizing official events and diplomatic missions. This reflects a strategic shift towards greater female participation in national development.
One significant aspect of the judicial reforms is the increased use of technology, such as the introduction of e-courts and remote hearings, to enhance the efficiency and accessibility of the judicial system for citizens and residents.
The MISK Foundation is an organization established by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman that focuses on empowering Saudi youth through various programs and initiatives, including leadership development and skill-building to prepare them for the future workforce.
Major tourism projects mentioned include NEOM, the Red Sea Project, Amaala, and Al-Qiddiya. These ambitious developments aim to create luxury destinations, transform islands, and offer diverse cultural, recreational, and wellness experiences.
Saudi Arabia aims to significantly increase the contribution of renewable energy to its energy mix, targeting 50% of electricity generation from renewables by 2030. The Kingdom is investing in solar, wind, and energy storage technologies to achieve this goal.
The Saudi judicial system has incorporated technology by establishing e-courts for filing cases and tracking lawsuits, offering remote hearing services (“Taqasi”), and generally digitizing legal procedures to save time, effort, and costs associated with traditional processes.
Efforts to preserve and promote Saudi Arabia’s cultural heritage include identifying and registering historical sites (with 15 sites on UNESCO’s World Heritage List), establishing institutions like the Ministry of Tourism (formerly the General Authority for Tourism and National Heritage), and developing cultural and heritage projects like the Diriyah Gate.
The main concerns regarding fireworks during celebrations are the high number of serious injuries, often affecting children, including severe burns, vision loss, and even amputations. Despite repeated warnings, these hazardous practices persist.
Factors contributing to the rise in egg prices include a severe outbreak of avian influenza that led to the culling of millions of birds in the United States, disruptions in supply chains, and increased demand. Global events and potential trade issues also play a role.

V. Essay Format Questions

Consider the following questions for essay responses. Develop well-structured essays with clear arguments and supporting evidence drawn from the provided sources.

Analyze the interconnectedness of economic diversification, social reforms (specifically women’s empowerment), and the goals of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030, drawing specific examples from the provided articles.
Evaluate the significance of the judicial reforms highlighted in the articles for achieving a more just and sustainable future in Saudi Arabia, and discuss the role of technology in this transformation.
Discuss Saudi Arabia’s ambitious plans for developing its tourism sector as a key component of economic diversification. What are the main strategies and projects being implemented, and what are the potential challenges and opportunities?
Examine the role of human capital development, including education, vocational training, and initiatives for youth empowerment, in realizing the objectives of Vision 2030, as reflected in the provided newspaper excerpts.
Analyze the ways in which the provided articles illustrate Saudi Arabia’s efforts to balance modernization and progress with the preservation and promotion of its cultural heritage and values.

VI. Glossary of Key Terms

Vision 2030: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s strategic framework launched to reduce the country’s reliance on oil, diversify its economy, and develop public service sectors such as health, education, infrastructure, recreation, and tourism.
Economic Diversification: The process of shifting an economy away from a single income source toward multiple sources from a growing range of sectors. In Saudi Arabia’s context, this primarily means developing non-oil industries.
Tourism Development: The planning, creation, and marketing of attractions, facilities, and services to cater to the needs and wants of travelers.
Women’s Empowerment: The process of increasing the capacity of women to make strategic life choices and to have control over resources and decision-making within the household and society.
Judicial Reform: The process of changing and improving the judicial system to enhance its efficiency, fairness, accessibility, and transparency.
E-courts: Digital platforms and systems used to conduct court proceedings, file documents, and access court information online.
Remote Hearings (Taqasi): The practice of conducting court hearings virtually, allowing participants to attend remotely via video conferencing or other digital means.
Human Capital Development: Investments in education, training, health, and well-being to enhance the skills, knowledge, and productivity of a nation’s workforce.
MISK Foundation: A non-profit foundation established by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud focused on empowering Saudi youth through education, culture, science, and technology.
Renewable Energy: Energy derived from natural sources that are replenished at a higher rate than they are consumed, such as solar, wind, and hydropower.
Hydrogen Economy: An economy in which hydrogen is used as a major form of energy storage and transport. Clean hydrogen is produced with low emissions.
Non-Oil Sector: The parts of a country’s economy that are not related to the production and export of petroleum.
Protocol (Marasim): The established rules of etiquette and procedure for official ceremonies, diplomatic occasions, and interactions.
Diplomacy: The practice of conducting negotiations between representatives of states or groups so as to settle or prevent conflict without recourse to war; the profession, activity, or skill of managing international relations.
Volunteerism: The practice of offering one’s time and services without expectation of payment.
Cultural Heritage: The legacy of physical artifacts and intangible attributes of a group or society that are inherited from past generations, maintained in the present, and bestowed for the benefit of future generations.
Public Awareness Campaigns: Organized efforts to disseminate information and raise consciousness about specific issues, such as safety precautions or health risks.
Global Supply Chains: The worldwide network of organizations and activities involved in the production and delivery of a product or service to the consumer.
Avian Influenza: Commonly known as bird flu, a highly contagious viral disease that primarily affects birds.

Briefing Document: Analysis of Provided Sources

This briefing document reviews the main themes and important ideas presented in the provided excerpts from the “Al-Riyadh” newspaper, dated Friday-Saturday, 28/29-3-2025. The articles cover a range of topics reflecting Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 and its ongoing transformations.

Key Themes:

Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman as the Architect of Major Transformations: Several articles highlight the pivotal role of the Crown Prince in driving significant changes across various sectors in Saudi Arabia. He is consistently portrayed as the “maker of great transformations,” the “visionary leader,” and the “sponsor of the ambitious Vision 2030.”

“ولي العهد.. صانع التحوالت الكبرى” (The Crown Prince… Maker of Major Transformations) – This headline itself underscores this central theme.
The article on tourism mentions the “achievements of His Highness the Crown Prince” in positioning Saudi Arabia as a leader within the G20.
The piece on judicial reform notes the increased focus on developing the judiciary under the leadership of King Salman and the Crown Prince.
The article on women’s empowerment credits Vision 2030, spearheaded by the Crown Prince, for the “radical transformation” in women’s participation in the workforce and leadership roles.
The report on charitable work and youth development notes the positive impact since the Crown Prince’s succession, leading to increased volunteerism.
The energy sector article explicitly states that Saudi Arabia is moving towards a “major radical transformation” in the energy sector under the leadership of the Crown Prince.
The “A Nation Loves You” concluding piece directly addresses the Crown Prince, acknowledging his leadership in achieving progress.

Vision 2030 as the Guiding Framework for National Development: The ambitious Vision 2030 serves as the central roadmap driving reforms and development across all sectors discussed in the articles.

The report on the Saudi economy mentions the Kingdom’s “Vision 2030” as the basis for its economic growth and diversification efforts.
The tourism article explicitly states that the development of the tourism sector is within the “framework of working on diversifying the economy within Vision 2030.”
The judicial reform piece highlights Vision 2030 as a “key turning point” in developing the judicial system, focusing on efficiency, integrity, and the use of technology.
The education article notes that scientific research is one of the “main goals of Vision 2030,” aiming to transform the national economy into a knowledge-based one. It also details initiatives supporting the Vision within the education sector.
The women’s empowerment article clearly states that “Vision 2030 [brought] a radical transformation in women’s empowerment policies.”
The energy sector transformation is explicitly stated to be “according to Vision 2030.”
The article on youth development and charitable work highlights the alignment of these efforts with the goals of Vision 2030, particularly in increasing volunteerism.

Economic Diversification and the Rise of Non-Oil Sectors: A significant focus is placed on diversifying the Saudi economy away from its traditional reliance on oil, with tourism being prominently featured.

The introduction mentions the aim of achieving prosperity and well-being for all, suggesting a broader economic vision.
Tourism is identified as “one of the most important sectors for developing the national economy,” aiming to leverage the Kingdom’s unique geographical location and attract global tourism investments.
The article on energy discusses investments in renewable and clean energy sources, aiming for leadership in this sector and a reduction in emissions, indicating a move towards a more diversified energy portfolio.
The piece titled “Non-oil activities represent half of the economy with a growth rate of 52% of the real GDP” (headline) directly highlights the success in economic diversification.

Tourism as a Key Pillar of Economic Diversification and National Identity: The development of the tourism sector is extensively discussed, emphasizing its economic potential and its role in showcasing Saudi Arabia’s heritage and culture.

The article details the Kingdom’s historical significance as a destination for Muslim pilgrims and the government’s current efforts to diversify the tourism offerings to include cultural, recreational, and sports tourism.
Major tourism projects like “NEOM,” “The Red Sea Project,” “AMAALA,” and “Al-Qiddiya” are highlighted as ambitious initiatives aimed at establishing Saudi Arabia as a prominent global tourism destination.
The development and rehabilitation of historical sites like “Al-Dir’iyah” and “Al-Hijr” (Hegra) are mentioned as crucial for attracting tourists and showcasing the Kingdom’s rich heritage.
The inclusion of 15 cultural sites on UNESCO’s World Heritage list and the safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage are linked to Vision 2030’s goal of strengthening national identity and economic diversification.
Dr. Emad Munshi, Head of the Saudi Tourism Association, is quoted emphasizing the government’s efforts to elevate citizens’ expectations regarding the entertainment sector, with significant investments being made.
Events like “Riyadh Season” and “Boulevard World” are highlighted for their role in showcasing Saudi culture to both domestic and international tourists.

Judicial Reform as a Foundation for Justice and Development: The articles emphasize the ongoing reforms within the Saudi judicial system aimed at enhancing efficiency, transparency, and fairness, crucial for attracting investment and ensuring stability.

The headline “Judicial Reform.. Pillar of Justice and Development” clearly establishes this theme.
The report details the restructuring of courts, updating of legal systems, expanding specialized judiciary, and the adoption of digital technologies in legal procedures.
The goal is to ensure “prompt justice” and enhance the quality of judicial services.
Lawyer Ahmed Al-Fahila highlights the leadership’s significant attention to the judiciary to keep pace with economic, political, and social developments.
The increased use of electronic courts and “remote litigation” (” التقاضي عن بعد “) is noted as a significant development, saving time, effort, and costs.
The reforms are seen as embodying a “deep vision aimed at making justice a fundamental pillar for development and stability.”

Investment in Education and Human Capital Development: The sources underscore the importance of developing education and skills to meet the demands of the future economy, aligning with Vision 2030’s objectives.

Scientific research is identified as a top priority within Vision 2030, with investments being made in universities and research centers to foster innovation and support student participation.
The development and reform of education, including curriculum development, teacher training, and creating suitable learning environments, are highlighted.
Initiatives like the development of kindergarten programs are mentioned as crucial for early childhood education and creating job opportunities.
The alignment of curricula with the needs of the labor market and the promotion of national values, technical skills, and cultural heritage are emphasized.
Efforts to support students with special needs through tailored educational environments and technologies are also highlighted, ensuring equal opportunities.

Transformation of the Energy Sector towards Sustainability and Renewables: The Kingdom is presented as actively pursuing a shift towards renewable energy sources and enhancing its role in the global energy landscape.

Under the Crown Prince’s leadership, the energy sector is undergoing a “major radical transformation.”
The aim is for Saudi Arabia to become the “strongest country in the integrated energy industry in the world,” including dominance in oil, gas, refining, petrochemicals, and leadership in renewable and clean energy with advanced technologies and low emissions.
Significant investments in renewable energy projects (solar and wind) across the Kingdom are mentioned, with a target of 50% renewable energy in electricity production by 2030.
Saudi Arabia aims to become a major hub for energy storage, with significant battery storage projects underway.
The Kingdom’s participation in the international partnership to promote the hydrogen economy and fuel cells underscores its commitment to clean energy solutions.

Empowerment of Saudi Women in Various Fields: The articles highlight the significant progress in empowering Saudi women and increasing their participation in diverse sectors, particularly diplomacy and public relations.

Vision 2030 is credited with a “radical transformation” in policies related to women’s empowerment, making them a fundamental part of the national development strategy.
The increasing role of women in protocol and official events, including leadership positions, is noted.
The number of Saudi women in diplomatic roles, including as ambassadors, and their active participation in international organizations are highlighted.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs provides training to support Saudi female diplomats’ professional and academic advancement, aligning with Vision 2030.
The absence of regulations preventing women’s access to senior leadership positions in both the public and private sectors is emphasized.
The increasing presence and leadership of Saudi women in the field of public relations and corporate communications are also showcased.

Youth Development and Engagement in Nation-Building: Several initiatives aimed at nurturing young talent and engaging them in the development of the Kingdom are discussed.

The eighth anniversary of the Crown Prince’s pledge of allegiance is marked with citizens expressing their pride, loyalty, and commitment to supporting the leadership.
The Crown Prince’s statement, “I am one of 20 million people, I am nothing without them, and I am the least and weakest example among them,” emphasizes his connection with the Saudi people.
The “Leaders” track of the Misk Foundation, including programs like “Qiyadat 2030” (Leaders 2030) and “Elite,” aims to identify and develop young talent for leadership roles across various fields.
The significant impact of the Misk Foundation in providing training hours and certifications is highlighted.
Volunteer work is recognized as having a major role in achieving Vision 2030 goals, empowering youth, developing their skills, and fostering social responsibility.
The increase in volunteerism since the launch of Vision 2030 is noted, with a target of reaching one million volunteers.

Philanthropic and Social Initiatives Contributing to National Development: The role of charitable organizations and social initiatives in supporting vulnerable populations and contributing to the overall development of the Kingdom is emphasized.

The increased impact of charitable and social work since the Crown Prince’s succession is highlighted, attributed to principles of transparency and governance.
The rise in youth participation in volunteer and charitable activities is noted.
Charitable associations are seen as significantly contributing to sustainable development by activating the non-profit sector and aligning with Vision 2030 goals of an ambitious nation, a vibrant society, and a prosperous economy.

Important Ideas and Facts:

Saudi Arabia is actively pursuing a comprehensive development agenda under Vision 2030, led by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman.
Economic diversification, particularly through tourism and non-oil sectors, is a key priority.
Significant investments are being made in infrastructure and mega-projects to support these goals.
Judicial reforms are underway to create a more efficient, transparent, and just legal system.
Education and human capital development are crucial for building a knowledge-based economy.
The energy sector is undergoing a significant transition towards renewable and sustainable sources.
Saudi women are increasingly empowered and taking on leadership roles across various sectors.
Youth engagement and development are vital for the Kingdom’s future.
Philanthropic and volunteer efforts play a significant role in social development and achieving Vision 2030’s targets.

Other Notable Points:

The articles reflect a positive and forward-looking perspective on Saudi Arabia’s progress and future.
There is a strong emphasis on national unity, pride, and the leadership’s commitment to the well-being of its citizens.
The date of the publication (March 2025) places these developments in the near-term context of Vision 2030’s ongoing implementation.

This briefing document provides a comprehensive overview of the main themes and important ideas presented in the provided excerpts, highlighting the significant transformations taking place in Saudi Arabia under the umbrella of Vision 2030.

Saudi Arabia: Vision 2030 Developments and Reforms

Frequently Asked Questions Regarding Recent Developments in Saudi Arabia

1. What are the primary goals of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030, as highlighted in these sources?

Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 aims to achieve comprehensive and sustainable development across various sectors. Key goals include diversifying the national economy away from its reliance on oil, with a significant focus on developing the tourism sector. The vision also emphasizes enhancing the quality of life for citizens and residents through improvements in areas such as healthcare, education, culture, and entertainment. Furthermore, Vision 2030 seeks to strengthen Saudi Arabia’s global standing and promote its rich cultural heritage.

2. How is the tourism sector being developed in Saudi Arabia as part of Vision 2030?

The development of the tourism sector is a central pillar of Vision 2030. Saudi Arabia is working to attract a large number of international and domestic tourists by leveraging its unique geographical location, historical sites (including Islamic holy sites and pre-Islamic archaeological treasures like Al-Hijr), and natural beauty. Significant investments are being made in large-scale tourism projects like NEOM, the Red Sea Project, Amaala, and Al-Qiddiya, which offer diverse experiences ranging from luxury resorts to cultural and entertainment hubs. The Kingdom has also streamlined visa processes, including the introduction of e-visas for numerous countries, to make it easier for tourists to visit.

3. What reforms are being implemented in the Saudi Arabian judicial system?

Substantial reforms are underway in the Saudi Arabian judicial system to enhance efficiency, transparency, and fairness. These reforms include the restructuring of courts, the updating of legal systems, the expansion of specialized courts (now exceeding 20), and the increased use of digital technologies in judicial procedures. Electronic courts and remote litigation services are being implemented to expedite case processing, reduce costs, and improve accessibility for citizens and residents. The leadership is prioritizing the judiciary to ensure a just and transparent legal environment that supports growth and stability.

4. How is Saudi Arabia transforming its education system to align with Vision 2030?

The transformation of the education system is a key priority to support the goals of Vision 2030. Efforts are focused on developing curricula that meet the needs of the future job market, enhancing teachers’ skills, and creating a stimulating learning environment. Initiatives include expanding early childhood education, supporting students with special needs, and fostering scientific research and innovation in universities. The Kingdom aims to cultivate a generation equipped with the skills and knowledge necessary for a diversified, knowledge-based economy.

5. What are the significant developments in Saudi Arabia’s energy sector, particularly in renewable and alternative energy sources?

Saudi Arabia is undergoing a major transformation in its energy sector, aiming to become a global leader in integrated energy, including renewable and clean energy sources. The Kingdom is making significant investments in solar and wind energy projects, with a goal of achieving 50% renewable energy in the electricity mix by 2030. It is also focusing on developing a hydrogen economy and has joined international partnerships to advance this sector. Furthermore, Saudi Arabia is becoming a prominent player in energy storage solutions, with the development of large-scale battery storage projects.

6. How has the role and empowerment of Saudi women evolved, particularly in light of Vision 2030?

Vision 2030 has brought about a radical shift in policies related to the empowerment of Saudi women. Women are increasingly participating in the workforce across various sectors, including leadership roles in protocol, diplomacy, and public relations. The Kingdom has appointed female ambassadors and increased the number of women working in diplomatic missions. Efforts are underway to create a more inclusive and equitable work environment, recognizing women’s unique capabilities and contributions to national development.

7. What efforts are being made to engage and develop Saudi youth for the future?

Saudi Arabia is actively investing in its youth through various initiatives aimed at fostering their skills, leadership potential, and civic engagement. The Mohammed bin Salman Foundation (Misk) is playing a key role by offering a range of programs, including leadership development (such as “Leaders 2030”), talent nurturing (“Global Voices”), and skills enhancement initiatives. Volunteerism is also being strongly encouraged as a means for youth to gain experience, develop skills, and contribute to their communities, aligning with the goals of Vision 2030 to reach one million volunteers.

8. What are some of the social and cultural aspects being addressed alongside Saudi Arabia’s economic and infrastructural development?

Beyond economic and infrastructural development, Saudi Arabia is focusing on preserving its cultural heritage, promoting arts and culture (as seen with the success of the “Sharea Al-A’sha” TV series), and fostering social responsibility. There is a growing emphasis on charitable work and social initiatives, with increased participation from youth. The Kingdom is also addressing social issues such as food waste and promoting responsible consumer behavior, particularly during significant religious periods like Ramadan and Eid.

Saudi Vision 2030: Kingdom’s Transformation

Saudi Vision 2030 is a comprehensive plan aimed at transforming the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia across various sectors. It was initiated under the leadership of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud.

Key Goals and Pillars of Vision 2030:

Economic Diversification: A central aim of Vision 2030 is to diversify the Saudi economy away from its reliance on oil. This includes developing non-oil sectors and increasing their contribution to the GDP.
Tourism Development: Vision 2030 has a strong focus on developing the tourism sector as a key driver of economic growth and diversification.
The Kingdom aims to become a prominent tourist destination.
Goals include attracting a large number of tourists, with a target of 150 million tourists by 2030.
Significant investments are being made in mega tourism projects like the Red Sea Project, NEOM, and Amaala.
The government has been working on governing the tourism sector with multiple entities involved in implementing the national tourism strategy.
The introduction of the electronic tourist visa in 2019 for 63 countries has facilitated international tourism.
The tourism sector is seen as a significant job creator for Saudi youth and is expected to increase employment opportunities and improve incomes.
The Saudi tourism sector has witnessed significant growth in tourist numbers and spending.
The Kingdom’s historical significance as a destination for religious pilgrims is being leveraged while also promoting cultural, entertainment, and sports tourism.
Judicial Reform: Vision 2030 emphasizes the importance of a fair and efficient judicial system as a cornerstone of justice and sustainable development.
Significant judicial reforms have been undertaken, including the restructuring of courts, updating legal systems, and expanding the scope of specialized judiciary.
Digital transformation in the judiciary is a key aspect, with the increased use of electronic courts and platforms.
The goal is to ensure the rule of law, enhance the investment climate, and improve the efficiency of the judiciary.
The focus of the new penal system is on the interest of the victim and the rehabilitation of the criminal.
Education Advancement: Transforming the education system is a high priority within Vision 2030.
Efforts include updating curricula, adopting modern teaching methods, and integrating technology in the educational process.
There is an emphasis on enabling teachers, fostering innovation and creativity, and preparing a capable generation for the future.
Support for scientific research is a key objective, aiming to transform the national economy into a knowledge-based economy.
Various initiatives and projects are underway to improve the quality of the educational process and align educational outcomes with the needs of the labor market.
Energy Sector Transformation: Vision 2030 aims for Saudi Arabia to become the strongest integrated energy industry in the world.
This includes maintaining its leadership in oil and gas while also focusing on renewable and clean energy and reducing emissions.
Significant investments and projects are planned in the renewable energy sector, including solar and wind power.
The Kingdom aims for 50% of electricity production from renewable sources by 2030.
Saudi Arabia is also focusing on developing the hydrogen economy.
Women’s Empowerment: Vision 2030 has brought about a radical shift in policies aimed at empowering women.
Women’s participation in the labor market has significantly increased.
There is a growing role for Saudi women in diplomacy and protocol.
The Kingdom has appointed female ambassadors and increased the number of women working in diplomatic missions.
Efforts are being made to develop policies in the field of protocol that meet the needs of diverse delegations.
Social Development and Volunteering: Vision 2030 recognizes the importance of social development and active citizenship.
Promoting volunteering is a key aspect, with a goal of reaching one million volunteers.
Volunteering is seen as a way to raise awareness of social issues, empower youth, and contribute to building society.
The non-profit sector is being activated and supported to achieve sustainable development goals.

Other Notable Aspects:

Vision 2030 is driving overall development and progress in various sectors, including health and culture.
The Kingdom’s growing international role, including its mediation efforts such as the agreement between Saudi Arabia and Iran, is aligned with the Vision.
The Kingdom aims to enhance its global standing and play a leading role in various fields.

In conclusion, Saudi Vision 2030 is a wide-ranging and ambitious plan that seeks to transform the Kingdom into a modern, diversified, and globally competitive nation while preserving its cultural heritage and values. It encompasses significant reforms and initiatives across economic, social, and political spheres, all geared towards achieving a brighter future for Saudi Arabia.

Saudi Arabia: Royal Decrees and Vision 2030

Based on the sources, while they don’t explicitly list specific Royal decrees, it is evident that Royal decrees have been instrumental in several key developments and the implementation of Saudi Vision 2030.

Here’s a discussion of Royal decrees as implied by the provided text:

Appointment of Leadership: The sources indicate that the appointment of His Royal Highness Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud as the Crown Prince by King Abdulaziz Al Saud (may Allah have mercy on him) was a pivotal moment. Such a significant appointment would be formalized through a Royal decree. Furthermore, his position as Chairman of the Council of Ministers would also likely be established by Royal decree.
Foundation of Vision 2030: The launch of the Saudi Vision 2030, a comprehensive plan for the Kingdom’s future, under the leadership of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, would have been initiated and mandated by Royal decrees. These decrees would have outlined the overarching goals, pillars, and the government’s commitment to achieving this transformation.
Implementation of Judicial Reforms: The extensive judicial reforms discussed in the sources, including the adoption of significant new legal systems such as the Personal Status Law, the Civil Transactions Law, and the updated Penal Code, would have been enacted through a series of Royal decrees. These decrees provide the legal framework for these crucial changes aimed at enhancing justice and development.
Advancement of Education: The ongoing efforts to develop the educational system by updating curricula, adopting modern teaching methods, and integrating technology, spearheaded by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, likely stem from Royal decrees that mandate these transformations and allocate resources accordingly.
Policies for Women’s Empowerment: The radical shift in policies aimed at empowering women would also be driven by Royal decrees that have enabled increased female participation in the workforce and in fields like diplomacy and protocol.
Pledge of Allegiance: The commemoration of the eighth anniversary of the pledge of allegiance to Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman signifies the importance of the initial Royal decree that appointed him to this position, which then necessitated the public pledge of loyalty.

In summary, while the sources don’t provide the text of specific Royal decrees, they strongly suggest that Royal decrees are the authoritative instruments through which major leadership changes are enacted and the ambitious goals and reforms of Saudi Vision 2030 are mandated and implemented across various sectors. These decrees provide the necessary legal and governmental backing for the wide-ranging transformations the Kingdom is undergoing.

Saudi Arabia Tourism: Growth and Vision 2030

The tourism sector in Saudi Arabia is experiencing significant growth as a key component of the Kingdom’s Vision 2030 for economic diversification [Me, 9]. Our previous discussion highlighted the ambitious goals set for this sector, including becoming a prominent global tourist destination and attracting 150 million tourists by 2030 [Me].

The sources provide further details on this growth and the strategies driving it:

Economic Dynamism and Investment: The tourism sector is described as one of the most dynamic sectors in the global economy, playing a crucial role in attracting foreign investments. The Saudi government has actively worked on governing the tourism sector, establishing six integrated entities to implement the national tourism strategy.
Surge in Tourist Numbers and Spending: Saudi Arabia achieved 60 million tourist visits in 2023 and aims to reach 109 million by mid-2024. This substantial increase in tourist numbers has translated into significant spending, reaching 15 billion riyals, representing a roughly 10% contribution in spending.
Job Creation and Human Capital Development: The growth in tourism is directly linked to increasing job opportunities and improving incomes for Saudi nationals. The government launched 100,000 initiatives in 2021 to create job opportunities within the tourism sector and to develop the skills of those working in tourism services through programs like “Ahlanha,” “Tourism Pioneers,” and programs focused on hospitality and travel skills. The number of people employed in the tourism sector reached 959,175 in the second quarter of 2024, showing a notable increase from the previous year.
Leveraging Cultural Heritage: Saudi Arabia’s diverse cultural heritage is a significant asset in attracting tourists. The Kingdom boasts hundreds of historical sites and landmarks, some dating back to ancient eras. The management of cultural heritage is closely tied to Vision 2030, aiming to strengthen national identity and diversify the economy. Heritage is playing a key role in attracting investments, creating jobs, and fostering national pride. The cultural heritage sector is projected to contribute over 47.9 billion dollars to the Kingdom’s GDP by 2030.
Strategic Initiatives and Regulations: The Ministry of Tourism has been instrumental in driving the sector’s growth, having covered a significant portion of its strategic steps since 2019 and launching 11 distinct tourist seasons. The ministry is also actively working with other governmental bodies to implement regulations that ensure quality services and protect the rights of tourists, thereby enhancing trust in the sector.

In summary, the tourism sector in Saudi Arabia is experiencing rapid and substantial growth, fueled by the ambitious goals of Vision 2030, significant governmental investment and strategic planning, a focus on leveraging the Kingdom’s rich cultural heritage, and a commitment to creating job opportunities and enhancing the overall tourist experience [Me, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]. The increasing tourist numbers and spending indicate the success of these initiatives and the sector’s growing importance to the Saudi economy.

Saudi Vision 2030: Cultural Heritage and National Identity

The emphasis on cultural heritage is a significant aspect of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030, playing a vital role in the Kingdom’s plans for economic diversification and the strengthening of national identity [8, Me].

Driving Tourism: As discussed in our previous turn, Saudi Arabia’s diverse cultural heritage is recognized as a crucial asset for attracting tourists [8, Me]. The Kingdom possesses hundreds of historical sites and landmarks, some dating back to ancient eras, making it a unique destination for cultural tourism. The promotion of this heritage is a key strategy to achieve the ambitious tourism goals set under Vision 2030, including attracting a large number of international visitors [Me].
Preservation and Maintenance Efforts: The Kingdom is making significant efforts to preserve and maintain its rich cultural heritage, ensuring its longevity and showcasing its authenticity to the world. This includes safeguarding its ancient history and diverse traditions.
Economic Benefits: The focus on cultural heritage is not only about preservation but also about its economic contributions [8, Me]. It is playing a key role in attracting investments in the tourism and cultural sectors and creating job opportunities for Saudi nationals [8, Me]. Furthermore, the cultural heritage sector is projected to contribute over 47.9 billion dollars to the Kingdom’s GDP by 2030 [Me].
Strengthening National Identity and Pride: The management of cultural heritage is closely tied to the goals of Vision 2030, aiming to strengthen national identity and foster a sense of national pride among Saudis [8, Me]. By highlighting the Kingdom’s rich history and cultural significance, Saudi Arabia aims to deepen the connection of its citizens to their roots and heritage.

In summary, the emphasis on cultural heritage in Saudi Arabia is a strategic move under Vision 2030, serving as a key pillar for tourism development, economic growth, job creation, and the reinforcement of national identity and pride [8, Me]. The Kingdom is actively working to preserve its historical sites and traditions, recognizing their immense value in achieving its Vision 2030 objectives.

Saudi Arabia: Judicial Reforms and Modernization

The sources highlight significant reforms within the Saudi judicial system, which are a key aspect of the Kingdom’s modernization efforts under Vision 2030 [13, Me].

Digital Transformation: A prominent feature of the judicial reforms is the digital transformation of the sector. This includes the launch of electronic courts, the activation of digital evidence systems, and the implementation of remote litigation. These advancements have positively impacted the speed of case completion and the efficiency of judicial work.
Enhancing Legal Awareness: Recognizing the scale of the expansion in judicial arenas, the Kingdom emphasizes the importance of enhancing legal awareness among individuals and institutions. This is crucial for ensuring that the public fully benefits from the ongoing updates and the digital transformation of the judiciary. Educational institutions and media play a central role in disseminating legal awareness through curricula, television programs, news reports, and awareness articles. Furthermore, legal education for investors and business owners is considered essential for supporting a stable investment environment.
Development of Legal Systems: The reforms include the modernization and adoption of key legal systems:
Personal Status Law: This law aims to organize family issues such as marriage, divorce, and child custody, contributing to reducing individual interpretations and enhancing fairness in family judgments.
Civil Transactions Law: This law regulates contracts and obligations, aiming to strengthen civil and commercial dealings between individuals and institutions, thereby fostering legal security and social stability. It establishes fundamental rules for the validity of contracts and covers various types of contracts, contributing to increased investor confidence, reduced legal disputes, and ensured justice and transparency.
Penal Code: The Penal Code has been updated to align with modern developments, focusing on achieving a balance between punishment and rehabilitation, ensuring the rights of defendants and victims, and enhancing public security. The updated code includes the classification of crimes and penalties, the introduction of alternative punishments like community service and rehabilitation programs for minor offenses, and measures to combat digital and electronic fraud.
Challenges in Digital Transformation: While the digital transformation offers significant benefits, the source notes that the judicial sector faces challenges, primarily the need to develop the technological infrastructure and update systems and technologies to keep pace with the important objectives of the reforms.

As we discussed previously, these comprehensive judicial reforms would likely be implemented through a series of Royal decrees, providing the legal and governmental mandate for these significant changes aimed at enhancing justice, efficiency, and the rule of law in Saudi Arabia [Me].

Two royal orders: Khalid bin Bandar as advisor to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the head of the military apparatus

A royal decree was issued yesterday, the text of which is as follows:
Number: A/366
Date: 27/9/1446 AH
With the help of God Almighty
We, Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
King of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
After reviewing the Basic Law of Governance, issued by Royal Decree No. (A/90) dated 27/8/1412 AH.
After reviewing the Law of Ministers, Deputy Ministers and Employees of the Excellent Rank, issued by Royal Decree No. (M/10) dated 18/3/1391 AH.
After reviewing Royal Decree No. (A/3/1414 AH) dated 14/3/1414 AH, we have ordered the following:
Prince Khalid bin First: His Royal Highness Prince Bandar bin Sultan bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud is appointed as an advisor in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs with the excellent rank. Second: This order of ours is communicated to the competent authorities for approval and implementation. A royal decree was issued yesterday, the text of which is as follows:
Number: A/367
Date: 27/9/1446 AH
With the help of God Almighty
We, Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
King of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
and Supreme Commander of all military forces
After reviewing the Officers’ Service System, issued by Royal Decree No.
28/8/1393 AH dated (43/AD)
And after reviewing Royal Order No. (A/43) dated 1/2/1441 AH,
We have ordered the following: And based on what was presented to us by His Highness the Minister of the National Guard.

First: Major General Saleh bin Abdulrahman bin Samir Al-Harbi is promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General and appointed as head of the military apparatus.

Second: His Highness the Minister of the National Guard must implement this order of ours.

Sustainable future

Since His Royal Highness Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud – may God protect him – assumed the position of Crown Prince, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has achieved a great leap in various fields. This comes as an extension of the process of construction and development that was begun by the founder of the Kingdom, King Abdulaziz – may God have mercy on him. The Kingdom was launched under a leadership that enjoyed a penetrating vision and determination that knew nothing about the impossible, carrying within it great hopes and broad ambitions for the renaissance of the nation. Based on the above, Prince Mohammed bin Salman enjoys a leadership personality and a strategic vision, capable of implementing and making decisions that serve the interests of the Saudi people, which made him – thanks to the directives of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques – King Salman bin Abdulaziz, and his Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, are widely supported leaders who are able to bring about positive change. The Kingdom has been able to achieve many major accomplishments, such as Vision 2030, which aims to diversify the Saudi economy, open up investment opportunities, reduce dependence on oil, enhance the role of women and youth, and promote new sectors through the implementation of mega projects. Today, the Kingdom stands out as a symbol of progress and development, relying on the concept of sustainable development as a fundamental pillar for achieving its future aspirations. This is achieved by achieving a comprehensive balance in various sectors, such as strengthening the economy, preserving the environment, and achieving the well-being of citizens. This is achieved by utilizing available resources efficiently and ensuring their sustainability for future generations. In this context, the Kingdom is implementing numerous major projects that contribute to enhancing sustainability.

Partnership is trust

Hani Wafa

The Kingdom, with its balanced policy, broad stances, and direction toward peace, is considered a reliable and dependable partner in establishing a just, comprehensive, and lasting peace, which confirms and strengthens its role as a peacemaker in the region and the world. The roles it has played and continues to play in achieving the desired stability are well-known, as it employs its relations with influential global powers in order for peace to prevail. One of the most important Saudi peace efforts is the “Arab Peace Initiative,” which, if implemented more widely from its launch, would have made the Middle East more stable and more development and prosperity. However, the intransigence of Israelis, who consider peace a luxury based on force, rejected this initiative, even though it is a just and balanced initiative that restores rights to their owners and expands the foundations of permanent peace. The “Arab Peace Initiative” is not the only thing that confirms the Kingdom’s inclination towards peace. How many efforts has the Kingdom made for Arab reconciliation? Inter-Arab relations, and led to the stability of Arab-Arab relations, and defused crises that could have developed into undesirable stages. Hence, the talks on the Russian-Ukrainian crisis, which were held on the Kingdom’s soil under Saudi auspices, received global acclaim, and confirmed that the Kingdom is a country striving diligently to establish peace, not only regionally but also globally. This crisis cast a shadow over international relations and almost spiraled out of control on many occasions. The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
in a report on the prominent diplomatic role that the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is currently playing on the regional and international arenas, called on the United States to support and back this role. The report said: “Saudi Arabia’s stability, prosperity, and cooperation are fully consistent with the highest American interests in promoting security and economic prosperity in the Middle East and beyond, by strengthening confidence in partners who have been working with America since “For years,” the report confirmed the statement of Adam Boehler, US President Donald Trump’s envoy, who said: “Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman has led the Kingdom toward development and construction, and the partnership between the United States and Saudi Arabia is strong and solid, and the Kingdom’s hosting of the Ukraine talks confirms the strength of the US-Saudi partnership.” The Kingdom’s pursuit of regional and international peace is an approach it pursues tirelessly so that security, stability, and sustainable development prevail.

The Crown Prince soars in the skies of diplomacy

Report – Azzam Al-Mashaal

In the history of diplomacy and foreign affairs, the world has come to recognize that in times of global crises and grave events, the international community turns to seasoned leaders who are deeply involved in politics, have long-standing relationships with political and economic decision-makers, and have extensive experience in dealing with complex realities, such as Henry Kissinger, James Baker, and others. However, in this era, a young leader has emerged who broke the mold, penetrated the twilight, and dominated the diplomatic sphere. That is His Highness the Crown Prince, Prince Mohammed bin Salman, who gained the trust of the leaders of the great powers at an early age and in a short period of time, inconsistent with the nature and difficulty of the complex equations of international relations. This was the result of an unprecedented blend of wisdom and balance in dealing with foreign issues and bold domestic arenas that have become the focus of the world’s most important leaders, most notably US President Donald Trump, who pointed to Saudi Arabia, expressing his hope that the United States would be able to catch up, and explaining that Saudi Arabia would serve as a model and reference for the United States. His Highness the Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman was able, in record time, to draw up consensus frameworks with the leaders of the G20 countries, ensuring the interests of all parties were met, despite the sharp differences and disagreements among the major powers within the G20. These countries found in Saudi Arabia a reliable strategic partner in achieving their development goals, and found in the young leader a spirit of determination that does not recognize the impossible and believes that joint action is the only path to achieving peace and prosperity for all. This spirit, possessed by His Highness the Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, enabled him, in a short time, to move beyond contributing to the transition to leading the transformation on the most important hot issues at the United Nations, foremost among which are sustainable development, energy security, climate change, quality of life, and social justice.

Confident Steps
The world today is pointing, according to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s calendar. Its confident steps are confirmed by the recent International Monetary Fund report, which praised the Kingdom’s Vision 2030 and the achievements of His Highness the Crown Prince, which have placed the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia at the forefront of the G20 countries in terms of economic growth. Given the Kingdom’s pioneering experience in implementing economic reforms, the World Bank chose Saudi Arabia as a knowledge center to disseminate the culture of economic reforms globally. This tremendous momentum of achievements accomplished by the Crown Prince in record time should have placed him at the heart of events and enabled countries to secure their path. On the Middle East front, His Highness the Crown Prince, Prince Mohammed bin Salman, has moved towards a true peace between the Arab countries and the occupying Israeli state, through his tireless efforts to establish an independent Palestinian state with East Jerusalem as its capital, and emphasizing that the Saudi leadership will not establish any diplomatic relations with Israel without this. Within the framework of the independent Palestinian state, Saudi diplomacy, led by His Highness the Crown Prince and the shuttle tours of His Highness the Minister of Foreign Affairs, was able to obtain the recognition of the State of Palestine from a number of influential countries. In the same context, His Highness the Crown Prince urged more countries that love the Levant to recognize it. Within the Middle East, Saudi diplomacy, led by His Highness the Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, was able to achieve a historic agreement with the State of Iran. This was achieved by utilizing the advanced relationship that has developed between His Highness the Crown Prince and the Chinese President in recent years, and by exploiting China’s desire and need to be a participant in establishing the global order, which makes this agreement an important step in this direction. Regarding this historic agreement, veteran politician Henry Kissinger said during an interview he conducted before his death with David Ignatius, The Washington Post: “I see this as a fundamental change in the strategic position in the Middle East. The Saudis are now working to achieve a balance in their security by exploiting Saudi Arabia’s Chinese influence to consolidate the Levant in the Middle East.

Saudi Wisdom
Saudi wisdom, led by His Highness the Crown Prince, was not limited to the borders of the Middle East, as Saudi diplomacy became a focus of international confidence, especially at this stage, when the confrontation between nuclear powers has become a matter of immediate concern. Saudi diplomacy, led by His Highness the Crown Prince, Prince Mohammed bin Salman, is working day and night to achieve peace and stability, after the capital, Riyadh, was chosen as the headquarters of diplomacy and a venue for consensus to end the largest conflict in Europe since World War II. Since that historic moment, His Highness has been personally following the most minute details and communicating with the parties to the conflict in an atmosphere filled with trust and optimism. All parties interact positively and greatly with His Highness the Crown Prince, due to their perception of his sound judgment, sincere intentions, and sincerity of purpose. The best evidence of this is the visit of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky to Riyadh, which highlights the crucial role played by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia as a mediator in the Syria talks, with the United States and Russia meeting for the first time and Ukraine’s demands now at the forefront of the negotiations. Regarding this visit, President Zelensky tweeted on his Twitter account: “A distinguished meeting with His Royal Highness Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Crown Prince and Prime Minister. I expressed my gratitude for his wise vision for Ukraine’s international position and support. It was very important for me to hear words of confidence in Ukraine’s future. We discussed all the main issues on the agenda – both bilaterally and in the framework of cooperation with other partners. I noted the efforts of His Royal Highness Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, which contribute to bringing the true Levant closer together.” The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia provides a diplomatic platform of great importance, and we appreciate that.

Strategic Diplomacy
Regarding the US-Russian-Ukrainian negotiations in Riyadh, Barbara A. Leaf, former US Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs, said she was not surprised to see Saudi Arabia at the center of the talks – describing them as the result of years of strategic diplomacy. Likewise, the Saudi Ambassador to the United States, Her Royal Highness Princess Reema bint Bandar Al Saud, tweeted on her Twitter account:
“Throughout its history, Saudi Arabia has served as a bridge for dialogue and a supporter of the Levant. His Highness the Crown Prince’s directives to host today’s meetings in Riyadh between the United States and Russia underscore the Kingdom’s leadership role and its enduring commitment to promoting global peace and stability.” This conflict between Russia and Ukraine requires a great deal of wisdom and guidance towards consensus to overcome a catastrophe that could return humanity to previous eras. His Highness the Crown Prince is the best person to lead this scene and manage its negotiations. This is a fact that all parties bear witness to, including the American side, which explained on his behalf at one of the dinners, Mr. Steve Witkoff, the Special Envoy to the Middle East, when he said: “We could not have imagined a better outcome.” Former US Chief of Staff Fred Fleitz also said: “Prince Mohammed bin Salman deserves the Nobel Prize, and it is truly difficult to find a great creator like him on the international stage.” The Inspiring Leader
The Inspiring Leader, His Highness the Crown Prince, Prince Mohammed bin Salman, is establishing a new diplomatic doctrine under the title “All Roads Lead to Riyadh.” In doing so, he bears a great responsibility after wisdom and common sense were shattered and diminished among the great powers, and polarization has become the dominant force. His Highness the Crown Prince is leading the way, overcoming political and economic challenges to achieve a consensus that brings to mind the golden age of diplomacy during the time of Henry Kissinger and James Baker.

The Crown Prince…the maker of major transformations Saudi tourism at the forefront of the global scene

Riyadh – Sarah Al-Farzan

Every year, the 26th day of the holy month of Ramadan marks the anniversary of the pledge of allegiance to the man of achievement, the architect of major transformations, and the sponsor of the inspiring vision, His Royal Highness Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud – may God support and guide him. Under his wise leadership, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has witnessed radical transformations and reforms in all aspects of economic, social, and political life, positioning it steadily toward a prosperous future that will achieve greater leadership. On a related note, the eighth pledge of allegiance is the continuation of a journey replete with achievements that have consolidated and strengthened the Kingdom’s position across various fronts, propelling it to an unprecedented stage of growth and development, and propelling it to continue its journey toward a more prosperous future under the leadership of a supportive and conscious young vision. A Brighter Future
Today, with the ambitious Vision 2030, the Kingdom has become a leading and pioneering nation.
This is achieved through the successive developments it has achieved in numerous sectors, such as the economy, health, education, culture, and the arts. Among these is the tourism sector, which the Kingdom has forayed into with force.
It has enjoyed its share of this tremendous qualitative development, as it is a fundamental pillar for the development and diversification of the national economy, far removed from its complete dependence on oil. It has also contributed to strengthening the Kingdom’s cultural identity. Furthermore, this tourism renaissance is linked to a vision that goes beyond imagination, as it aims to transform the Kingdom into a global tourism hub and a leading tourist destination. This is achieved by investing in its cultural and entertainment resources to provide ideal and integrated tourism services and experiences that combine authenticity and modernity.

Pillar of the National Economy
Tourism is one of the most important sectors for developing the national economy in countries, especially in the Kingdom, which is significantly striving to enhance the role of the tourism sector, given its unique and distinguished geographical location and its ability to attract global tourism investments. In general, tourism makes significant contributions to the growth of manufactured products within the country’s borders. In this regard, A. Ghramah Al-Sahri, a writer and economic analyst, stated: “According to the World Tourism Organization’s estimate, tourism contributes approximately 10% of the global gross domestic product.” While describing the tourism sector as “one of the most dynamic sectors in the global economy, as it contributes to attracting foreign investment to the country,” he said: “The government has worked to govern the tourism sector, with six bodies working together to implement the national strategy for the sector, which includes the Ministry of Tourism, the Tourism Development Fund, the Saudi Tourism Authority, the Tourism Development Council, the National Air Connectivity Program, and the Saudi Red Sea Authority. Each of these bodies has different responsibilities, in addition to the Entertainment Authority.” “Which organizes events, festivals, and competitions, which has a positive impact on the tourism sector.” Al-Sahri stated that: “Two years ago, specifically in 2023, Saudi Arabia welcomed 109 million tourists, and by mid-2024, it was able to welcome 60 million visitors from various countries around the world, with spending amounting to approximately 15 billion riyals, and recording a growth of nearly 10% in the number of tourists and spending, according to what was revealed by the Minister of Tourism (Ahmed Al-Khateeb).” He added, regarding job opportunities for young people, “Tourism works to increase employment opportunities, which will increase job opportunities for individuals and improve their income. This has included several initiatives that it has sought to implement.” In 2021, the Saudi government launched an initiative to create 100,000 job opportunities in the tourism sector, develop the skills of tens of thousands of tourism workers through training programs, and launch a human capital development strategy under the slogan “Ahlaha,” and the “Tourism Pioneers” program, which contributed to developing the skills of 100,000 citizens in the fields of hospitality, travel, and tourism. Building on previous efforts that serve the interests of the nation’s citizens, Al-Shahari stated, “In the second quarter of 2024, the number of people employed in the tourism sector increased, reaching a total of 959,175, a significant increase over the previous year. These achievements, proven by the huge numbers, reflect the initiatives our government has provided in 2021.” He added, regarding the Kingdom’s ongoing efforts to develop its economy, “The Kingdom seeks to achieve a number of targets related to the tourism sector within Vision 2030, within the framework of working to diversify the economy, with a huge number of tourist visits.”

The Kingdom is a prominent tourist destination. The Kingdom has always been a prominent tourist destination throughout the ages, with Muslims from all over the world flocking to it to visit the holy lands of Mecca and Medina, to perform Hajj and Umrah, visit the Prophet’s Mosque, and to view historical landmarks and monuments. Over time, and with the influx of large numbers to the Kingdom, the government began planning to grow and diversify the tourism sector to include cultural, entertainment, and sports tourism, in addition to religious destinations. In light of these rapid transformations, particularly in the 21st century, In the twentieth century, the General Commission for Tourism and National Heritage was established, which grew and now became the Ministry of Tourism. It aims to develop the tourism sector and attract visitors from all over the world to the Kingdom. With its continued efforts to develop and change, in 2019, the Kingdom witnessed the launch of the electronic tourist visa, which included 63 countries and facilitated international tourists’ visits with easy mechanisms and fees. The Kingdom is currently working with concerted efforts to implement its future plans to create major tourism projects and develop domestic tourism, such as the “Red Sea” project, which it aspires to transform 90 islands into a luxury tourist destination, and the “NEOM” project, which is considered one of the The largest tourism and economic project, it represents a meeting point between the three continents, and the “Amal” project, which aims to establish a completely new and different concept of tourism centered around the elements of life such as comfort, health, and luxury. The “Qiddiya” project stands out as a destination that combines entertainment, natural attractions, and residential areas. The Kingdom also seeks to benefit from the components of each of its regions, whether its climate or its prominent historical monuments. “Al-Aqsa Governorate” is one of these areas that benefit from it, due to its distinguished history and ancient civilization, such as the city of “Al-Hijr”, as it embraces a group of archaeological sites and the headquarters of the Historically, the “Dadani” and “Lihyan” kingdoms, and in the capital, specifically in the home of the rulers, “Diriyah,” which has emerged with its heritage project, “Diriyah Gate,” which is considered one of the distinctive additions to the Kingdom’s vision objectives to attract the largest number of tourists to the heart of the capital. It is currently being rehabilitated and developed to attract 25 million visitors annually, and has become the largest heritage and cultural project in the world, strengthening the Kingdom’s presence on the global tourism map.

Authenticity of Heritage
The Kingdom is distinguished by the diversity of its cultural heritage, and it makes great efforts to preserve it and ensure its sustainability so that the world can see the authenticity of its heritage and its ancient history.
From this standpoint, Dr. Fahd Al-Hassan, Vice Dean of the College of Tourism and Antiquities at King Saud University, said: “The Kingdom is distinguished by a heritage that distinguishes it from other countries. It possesses hundreds of heritage sites and monuments, some of which remain unknown even to Saudi citizens, while some date back to prehistoric times, and some represent chapters of the story of the development of Basra and its migrations from the Arabian Peninsula. The rock art sites, parts of which date back 12,000 years, are among the largest and most exciting rock art sites in the world, and represent the The historical record that documents the fine details of Saudi culture, and these arts tell extraordinary and timely stories of how Saudis adapted to changing circumstances with determination and creativity.” He added: “The Kingdom’s registered heritage list includes more than 350 sites, in addition to ten sites inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List, and the inclusion of 15 representative cultural elements on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List.” Dr. Al-Hosn stated that “the recent political and social changes led by His Royal Highness Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman have significantly impacted cultural heritage management policies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. These transformations are also closely linked to the Vision 2030 initiative, which places cultural heritage as a fundamental element in strengthening national identity and economic diversification. The Kingdom’s Vision 2030 explicitly calls for the preservation of heritage as part of its efforts to diversify the economy through tourism.” He spoke about the contribution of cultural tourism to the development of the Kingdom’s economy, saying: “Cultural tourism has a pivotal role in diversifying the Kingdom’s economy, through strengthening the hospitality, retail, and local services sectors. It has clearly contributed to the Kingdom’s international appeal and positioned it as a global destination not only for Hajj and Umrah, but also for the richness and diversity of its arts and ancient traditions. In turn, the Kingdom’s active participation in cultural diplomacy has led to stronger global relations and increased international appreciation for its rich heritage. There is no doubt that the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is moving forward at a rapid pace.” “A clear path towards leadership in cultural tourism, which will open up broader horizons for hosting international events, forums, and conferences, and attracting visitors to explore its diverse natural landscapes and rich cultural heritage. As a result of these efforts, the number of international and local tourists will exceed 100 million in 2025, spending more than $66.6 billion.” Dr. Al-Hosn: “Heritage today plays a major role in attracting investments, promoting sustainable growth for the national economy, creating job opportunities, attracting Saudi youth, and instilling a deep sense of pride in the nation. It is expected that by 2030, the cultural heritage sector will contribute more than $47.9 billion to the Kingdom’s GDP.”

Reaching Global Prominence
After the Ministry of Tourism announced its first steps in the tourism sector in 2019, which was the launch of 11 tourist seasons covering a large portion of the Kingdom’s regions, since that announcement, the Kingdom has witnessed qualitative and famous leaps that have propelled it to global prominence. In this context, Dr. Imad Mansi, Chairman of the Saudi Tourism Association, said: “The government is striving to raise citizens’ aspirations regarding the entertainment sector, and is pumping huge sums into this sector, with annual investment reaching approximately 4 billion riyals.” He added: On the other hand, the Saudi seasons, especially the “Riyadh Season,” which has become famous for its distinctive events such as “Boulevard World,” have been able to fully convey Saudi culture to foreign tourists, as well as to local tourists who cannot travel to all regions of Saudi Arabia. This is achieved by conveying customs and traditions, famous foods, and the dialects that are unique to each region, as well as the character of its heritage and its rich decorations. On the other hand, the entertainment sector does not only include events that entertain visitors; It also supports culture through the production of series and films, which have proven that Saudi Arabia is a producer, director, and supporter of young talents and capabilities, and exports its distinction to the world so that it can see and explore the cultural diversity that the Kingdom enjoys. These achievements made by the entertainment sector system are no less important than other sectors, such as the Ministry of Sports, which has penetrated and crossed the geographical borders of the entire world with its activities, and has also attracted tourists to enjoy its sporting events. The Ministry’s efforts are highlighted by the fact that it has more than 100 sports federations, each with specific responsibilities. Within the framework of what was previously mentioned, The Minister of Sports, His Royal Highness Prince Abdulaziz bin Turki Al-Faisal, seeks to transform the Kingdom into a global destination for sporting events. Dr. Mansi concluded his remarks by saying: “All the bodies established with the launch of the vision cooperate and work together to ensure the success of the tourism sector. No sector operates independently of another. They also receive significant support from higher authorities, which highlights the Kingdom’s efforts to continue its progress and impressive successes, and to develop strategies and plans to achieve the goals of its ambitious vision, especially in national tourism.”

In this regard, Yousef Masnawi, a certified lawyer and arbitrator, stated the rights sought by the government to guarantee the right of tourists to enjoy an ideal experience on its lands, saying: “Our Kingdom has established an integrated legal framework that guarantees the rights of tourists on its lands in the security, financial, and service aspects. The Tourism System, issued by Royal Decree No. 18 of 1444 AH (2017 AD), includes… 0 2 2 (and its executive regulations, various controls that protect tourists and ensure they receive quality services,” accordingly, he added, emphasizing: “The Ministry of Tourism oversees the implementation of these regulations in coordination with other government agencies to ensure the strengthening of visitors’ confidence and the protection of their rights. The legal rights that benefit tourists are numerous, including, but not limited to, proper treatment and non-discrimination, with a prohibition on imposing undisclosed fees or refusing to provide services without justification, in addition to the right of residence, which includes not requiring a mahram for foreign women, and guaranteeing a refund in the event of cancellation or emergency closure.” Regarding the quality of tourism services and guidance, Mansouri adds: “Companies are committed to transparency, providing licensed guides and reliable information. Facilitated visa systems, such as the electronic tourist visa, which facilitates freedom of movement between regions, also stand out.” Mansouri added that regarding tourists’ financial rights, he said: “There is clear protection represented by setting prices and requiring the disclosure of large sums in accordance with anti-money laundering regulations. Transportation has been facilitated for them by regulating public transportation and vehicle rental, and ensuring that taxis and apps adhere to the official tariff.” In this context, He himself stated: “The regulations in our Kingdom guarantee the financial rights of tourists and protect them from exploitation. Service providers are not permitted to collect any amounts not stipulated in the agreed-upon price list. Service prices must be clearly displayed in Saudi riyals, including taxes and fees, in both Arabic and English. Tourists must also be provided with a detailed receipt when paying any amount for tourism services, showing the value of each service paid.” Masnawi emphasized that: “The Kingdom has been keen, through the continuous updating of regulations (such as the The new tourism law and its regulations aim to establish a comprehensive legal framework that protects the rights and dignity of tourists. Tourists in the Kingdom enjoy legal protection, whether in their place of residence, their travels, or their financial transactions. The efforts of ministries and agencies are integrated to ensure the implementation of these regulations. He pointed out that the primary goal of the Kingdom’s Vision 2030 is centered around diversifying the economic base, and that the tourism industry clearly plays a significant role in achieving the goals of the vision file. He added: One of the announced goals of the tourism sector is to reach 150 million tourists by 2030, and with its carefully drawn strategies and plans, it will be able to reach the number it aspires to even before 2030. He described the bright future of Saudi tourism as “becoming one of the best 7 distinctive tourist destinations on the planet.” The world level, and through its huge projects, it will surpass the ambitions that were set for it. In addition, it possesses the elements that surpass the rest of the countries, and without the slightest doubt, the contribution of the tourism sector may exceed 10% of the gross domestic product, and it will have a prominent role in leading major economic sectors that are directly and indirectly affected by the thriving tourism industry in the post-2030 period.

By Amjad Izhar
Contact: amjad.izhar@gmail.com
https://amjadizhar.blog

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Riyadh Newspaper, March 28-29, 2025: Judicial Reforms, Energy Sector, Vision 2030

A Comprehensive Study Guide on Selected Articles from “Al-Riyadh” Newspaper (March 2025)

I. Overview of Themes

II. Key Concepts and Topics

III. Short Answer Quiz

IV. Answer Key for Short Answer Quiz

V. Essay Format Questions

VI. Glossary of Key Terms

Briefing Document: Analysis of Provided Sources

Saudi Arabia: Vision 2030 Developments and Reforms

Frequently Asked Questions Regarding Recent Developments in Saudi Arabia

Saudi Vision 2030: Kingdom’s Transformation

Saudi Arabia: Royal Decrees and Vision 2030

Saudi Arabia Tourism: Growth and Vision 2030

Saudi Vision 2030: Cultural Heritage and National Identity

Saudi Arabia: Judicial Reforms and Modernization

Two royal orders: Khalid bin Bandar as advisor to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the head of the military apparatus

Sustainable future

Partnership is trust

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Sustainable future

Partnership is trust

The Crown Prince soars in the skies of diplomacy

The Crown Prince…the maker of major transformations Saudi tourism at the forefront of the global scene

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Discover more from Amjad Izhar Blog

Comments

Leave a comment Cancel reply

More posts

Jinnah, Partition, and the Creation of Pakistan by Jaswant Singh – Study Notes

Jinnah of Pakistan by Stanley Wolpert – Study Notes

From Jinnah to Zia by Muhammad Munir Chief Justice of Pakistan – Study Notes

Kashmir Elections and BJP’s Setback – Study Notes