Several articles cover diverse topics related to Saudi Arabia and the wider region. One set of articles discusses the King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Centre’s efforts, particularly in Yemen, and Saudi Arabia’s support for various countries and its focus on humanitarian work. Another group highlights Saudi Arabia’s economic developments, including the strong performance of ten Saudi banks, investment in the mining sector, and initiatives for the localization of accounting jobs. Regional issues are addressed through discussions on Lebanese-Syrian border security, Israeli military operations in Gaza and the West Bank, and potential impacts of US foreign policy in the Middle East. Finally, a collection of pieces focuses on cultural and social aspects, featuring Ramadan activities in Mecca and Medina, the historical significance of the Prophet’s Mosque and the appointment of the first muezzin, developments in Saudi sports, and the celebration of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030.

Study Guide: News Articles from March 2025

Quiz (Short Answer)

1. What is the primary focus of the “Mishaam” project, and what impact has it had in Yemen according to the article?
2. According to the article, what is the Saudi Ministry of Investment doing to attract investment in the mining sector?
3. What was the main purpose of the visit by the Lebanese Defense Minister to Damascus?
4. What is the new decision issued by the Saudi Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development regarding the localization of accounting professions? What is the target percentage and timeframe?
5. What incident occurred in Khartoum, Sudan, involving the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), as reported in the article?
6. What initiative has Israel reportedly approved concerning the Gaza Strip, and what is its stated purpose?
7. What were the key achievements highlighted in the annual report presented to the governor of Al-Qassim region by the Ministry of Sports?
8. What is the “We Are All Family” initiative launched in the Madinah region, and what is its main goal?
9. According to historical accounts mentioned in the article, who is considered the first Mu’adhdhin in Islam and what is the significance of this?
10. What is the historical significance of Al-Qal’ah Mosque in Al-Ahsa, and what are some of the characteristics of its construction?

Quiz Answer Key

1. The “Mishaam” project focuses on clearing land in Yemen of landmines and unexploded ordnance. It has successfully removed a large number of mines and cleared significant areas of land, aiming to ensure the safety of civilians and enable their return, which positively impacts the Yemeni economy.
2. The Saudi Ministry of Investment is working to develop the mining sector by launching a program in partnership with the Ministry of Industry and Mineral Resources to facilitate investment (both local and foreign), attract leading companies, and streamline investor journeys, all contributing to the goals of Vision 2030.
3. The main purpose of the Lebanese Defense Minister’s visit to Damascus was to discuss controlling the situation at the border between Lebanon and Syria, enhancing coordination, and preventing attacks from both sides, following recent clashes.
4. The new decision aims for the gradual localization of accounting professions to reach 70% Saudization within five years, starting from October 27, 2025, with a nine-month grace period. This is intended to increase job opportunities for qualified Saudi nationals in the private sector.
5. In Khartoum, Sudan, the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) shelled the city of Omdurman, resulting in the death of three civilians (two children and a woman) and the injury of eight others, with eyewitnesses reporting multiple rockets hitting civilian areas.
6. Israel has reportedly approved a proposal to establish a new administration to facilitate the “voluntary” emigration of Palestinians from the Gaza Strip to third countries. This was stated by a spokesperson for Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
7. The key achievements highlighted in the report included supporting sports activities, developing the sports sector, and enhancing sports programs in line with the Kingdom’s Vision 2030, aiming to create an attractive environment for talent and promote community participation.
8. The “We Are All Family” initiative in the Madinah region aims to provide a conducive environment for orphans, contribute to developing their cognitive skills and integration into society, and improve their quality of life.
9. Bilal ibn Rabah al-Habashi is considered the first Mu’adhdhin in Islam. This appointment followed a dream seen by Abdullah bin Zaid al-Khazraji and confirmed by Umar ibn al-Khattab, which the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) recognized as a true vision, instructing Bilal to call the Adhan due to his melodious voice.
10. Al-Qal’ah Mosque in Al-Ahsa is a historical mosque built in the Najdi architectural style, characterized by its use of mud bricks made from a mixture of clay and straw, formed in wooden molds. It is part of a project to develop historical mosques across the Kingdom, aiming to rehabilitate them for worship, highlight their historical significance, and preserve the architectural heritage of Saudi Arabia.

Essay Format Questions

1. Analyze the various international humanitarian and developmental initiatives undertaken by Saudi Arabia as highlighted in the provided articles. Discuss their objectives, scope, and potential impact on the recipient countries.
2. Evaluate the Saudi government’s efforts, as presented in the articles, to diversify its economy beyond oil through initiatives in mining and the localization of professions like accounting. What are the stated goals and potential challenges of these strategies?
3. Discuss the regional political dynamics reflected in the articles, focusing on the discussions between Lebanon and Syria regarding border security and the Israeli-Palestinian situation, including the proposed “voluntary” emigration from Gaza.
4. Examine the role of cultural heritage and national identity as portrayed in the articles, referencing initiatives like the Jeddah Historical festival, the “Al-Faisal” magazine issue on heritage, and the historical drama series “Muawiya.” How do these initiatives contribute to preserving and promoting cultural narratives?
5. Based on the articles, analyze the Saudi government’s focus on social responsibility and community development through various initiatives related to orphans, Ramadan meal programs, and environmental conservation. What do these efforts indicate about the Kingdom’s broader societal goals?

Glossary of Key Terms

• Localization (Tawteen): A policy aimed at increasing the proportion of Saudi nationals employed in various sectors of the economy.
• Vision 2030: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s ambitious strategic framework for economic and social development, aiming to diversify the economy, enhance public services, and improve the quality of life.
• Humanitarian Aid: Assistance provided to people in need, often during or after crises such as natural disasters or conflicts, focused on alleviating suffering and meeting basic needs.
• Developmental Projects: Initiatives undertaken to improve the economic and social well-being of a community or nation, often focused on infrastructure, education, healthcare, and economic growth.
• Mining Sector: The industry involved in the extraction of valuable minerals and other geological materials from the earth.
• Border Security: Measures taken to protect the integrity of a nation’s boundaries, including controlling the movement of people and goods.
• Islamic Civilization: The cultural, intellectual, and scientific achievements of the Islamic world throughout history.
• Cultural Heritage: The legacy of physical artifacts and intangible attributes of a group or society that are inherited from past generations, maintained in the present, and bestowed for the benefit of future generations.
• Social Responsibility: The ethical framework and commitment of individuals, organizations, or governments to contribute to the well-being of society and the environment.
• Ramadan: The ninth month of the Islamic calendar, observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting, prayer, reflection, and community.
• Mu’adhdhin: A person who calls Muslims to prayer (Salah) from a minaret of a mosque.
• Najdi Architecture: A traditional architectural style prevalent in the Najd region of Saudi Arabia, often characterized by the use of mud bricks and practical designs suited to the desert climate.
• Sanctions: Economic or political penalties imposed by one or more countries against a targeted country, group, or individual, typically to compel a change in behavior.
• OPEC+: A group of oil-producing countries consisting of the 13 members of OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) and 10 of the world’s major non-OPEC oil-exporting nations.
• Fiscal Year: A 12-month period used by governments and businesses for accounting and budgeting purposes, which may not necessarily align with the calendar year.
• Non-Performing Loans: Loans for which the borrower has not made scheduled payments for a certain period, indicating a higher risk of default.
• Inflation: A general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.
• Geopolitical Tensions: Strained relationships or potential conflicts between countries or regions due to political, economic, or territorial factors.
• Ceasefire: A temporary suspension of fighting, typically agreed upon by opposing sides in a conflict.
• Collective Memory: The shared pool of knowledge, beliefs, and traditions held by a group or society, which often shapes their understanding of the past and present.
• Genocide: The deliberate killing of a large number of people from a particular nation or ethnic group with the aim of destroying that nation or group.

Briefing Document: Review of Al-Riyadh Newspaper Excerpts (March 25, 2025)

Source: Excerpts from Al-Riyadh Newspaper, Issue 20723, Dated Tuesday, March 25, 2025

Overview:

This briefing document summarizes the main themes, important ideas, and key facts presented in the provided excerpts from Al-Riyadh newspaper dated March 25, 2025. The articles cover a diverse range of topics, including Saudi Arabia’s international humanitarian efforts, economic developments (mining, banking sector Saudization), regional political discussions (Lebanon-Syria border, Israeli-Palestinian issues), local developmental initiatives across Saudi regions, cultural events, religious activities during Ramadan, and sports news.

Main Themes and Important Ideas/Facts:

1. Saudi Arabia’s Humanitarian and Diplomatic Role:

• Global Humanitarian Aid: The Kingdom continues its significant humanitarian work internationally. King Salman Center for Relief and Humanitarian Aid is highlighted as a leading organization in the region and globally, delivering aid projects worldwide.
• Quote: “… King Salman Center for Relief and Humanitarian Aid, which has succeeded in being an icon of humanitarian and relief work in the Arab region and the world, through its diverse good projects that reach the farthest place on planet Earth.”
• Support for Yemen: Saudi Arabia has provided substantial financial support to Yemen, amounting to around $12 billion between 2012 and 2023 for budget support, oil derivatives, and salary grants. The “Masam” project for demining Yemeni territories has cleared over 485,000 landmines and unexploded ordnance, clearing 65,880,374 square meters of land.
• Quote: “The Saudi efforts made are reflected in the ‘Masam’ project, the Kingdom and its leadership’s keenness to secure the Yemeni lands from the danger of mines, and to enable civilians to return and protect their areas safely…”
• Principled Stances: The Kingdom is portrayed as having “honorable stances” and providing aid to friendly and sisterly countries during crises.
• Palestinian Issue: Saudi Arabia reaffirms that a lasting and just peace cannot be achieved without the Palestinian people obtaining their rights and establishing an independent Palestinian state on the 1967 borders with East Jerusalem as its capital, in accordance with international legitimacy resolutions.
• Lebanon-Syria Border Security: Lebanon and Syria are engaged in discussions to control the situation at their shared border, enhance coordination, and prevent attacks from both sides following recent clashes. This marks the first visit of a Lebanese defense minister to Damascus since the formation of a new Lebanese government.
• Quote: “The visit aims to ‘discuss controlling the situation at the borders, and enhancing coordination and preventing attacks from both sides.’”

2. Economic Developments and Vision 2030:

• Mining Sector Investment: The Ministry of Investment is actively working to develop the mining sector by launching a program in partnership with the Ministry of Industry and Mineral Resources to attract local and international companies, aiming to achieve Vision 2030 goals.
• Quote: “The Ministry of Investment supported the mining system with a package of incentives… contributing to attracting foreign investments in the promising economic sectors and developing them…”
• First Mining Exploration Packages: The Ministry of Industry and Mineral Resources has granted the first packages of multiple mining exploration licenses to local and international companies, covering areas like Jabal Sayid and Al-Hujrah, totaling 4,788 square kilometers. This initiative is expected to boost investment and raise investment rates in the sector.
• Saudization of Accounting Professions: Three government entities (Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development, Saudi Organization for Certified Public Accountants, and Ministry of Commerce) are implementing the gradual Saudization of accounting professions to enhance the presence of Saudi nationals in the private sector. The goal is to reach 70% Saudization within five years, starting from October 27, 2025, with a nine-month grace period.
• Quote: “A new decision has been issued that aims to strengthen the presence of Saudi men and women by providing more job opportunities for qualified national cadres in the private sector…”
• Strong Performance of Saudi Banks: Ten Saudi banks maintained strong performance levels in the fiscal year 2024. Loans and advances rose by 14.4% year-on-year, driven mainly by institutional loans. While deposit growth slowed, the loan-to-deposit ratio reached 104.7%.
• Quote: “Ten Saudi banks continued to maintain strong performance levels characterized by strength.”

3. Local Development Initiatives:

• Al-Qassim Region: The Governor of Al-Qassim received a report on the achievements and events of the Ministry of Sports branch in the region for 2024, emphasizing the importance of developing the sports sector in line with Vision 2030 and fostering a stimulating environment for talents.
• Madinah Region: The Governor of Madinah launched 20 developmental initiatives worth 11 million riyals, organized by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development branch, focusing on providing a good environment for orphans, developing their skills, and integrating them into society.
• Quote: “His Royal Highness the Governor of Madinah launched 20 developmental initiatives… aimed at providing a good environment for orphans, contributing to the development of their cognitive skills and their integration into society…”
• Al-Jouf Region: The Governor of Al-Jouf approved the “Himmat Al-Jouf 25” initiative, which focuses on the meticulous planning and organization of various activities and events in the region under his patronage, aligning with Vision 2030 and enhancing community development and tourism.
• Eastern Province: The Emir of the Eastern Province received members of the “Tawiq” association. Additionally, the “Journey of the Mobile Vendor” initiative, part of “Basta Khair Saudi Arabia,” aimed to educate mobile vendors on proper business practices according to health and municipal regulations.
• Jazan Region: The “Khairia Ahad Al-Masarihah” association organized an iftar for orphans. The “Khair Al-Madinah” endowment provided over 1.4 million iftar and suhoor meals during Ramadan.

4. Ramadan and Religious Observances:

• Promoting Tolerance and Solidarity: The Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance continued its programs during Ramadan, including iftar projects in various countries like Chad and South Africa, embodying the Kingdom’s leading role in serving Islam and Muslims and fostering brotherhood and compassion.
• Quote: “The Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance continued, represented by its religious attachés and embassies of the Kingdom, the implementation of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques’ program for breaking the fast for fasting people…”
• Development of Historical Mosques: The Prince Muhammad bin Salman Project for the Development of Historical Mosques continues, with the “Al-Qalaa” Mosque in Al-Ahsa being restored using traditional Najdi architectural style. The project aims to rehabilitate and preserve historical mosques, highlighting the Kingdom’s cultural heritage.
• Adhan in the Prophet’s Mosque: Over 20 muezzins raise the call to prayer in the Prophet’s Mosque in Madinah, following a tradition that began over 1400 years ago with Bilal bin Rabah, the Prophet’s first muezzin.
• Quote: “The adhan has been raised in the Prophet’s Mosque since that era until our present time, and 20 muezzins take turns raising the call and the iqama, and repeating after the imam, proclaiming the voice of truth from the minarets of the Holy Mosque…”
• Iftar Project in Madinah: The “Khair Al-Madinah” endowment successfully implemented an iftar project providing over 1.4 million meals during the first twenty days of Ramadan, reaching various locations and beneficiaries.

5. Cultural and Intellectual Scene:

• Jeddah Historical Celebrations: Historical Jeddah celebrated “Al-Shouna” during Ramadan, with a museum at Naseef House offering a cultural experience showcasing rare archaeological discoveries from the ancient Al-Souna site.
• Al-Faisal Magazine: The new issue of Al-Faisal magazine focused on “Heritage and Identity,” addressing various aspects of Arab heritage and highlighting scholarly efforts in preserving manuscripts and understanding cultural transformations.
• “Assila” Cultural Forum: The “Assila” cultural forum elected Hatim Al-Batawi as its new secretary-general, succeeding its founder Mohammed Aissa. The forum announced its upcoming activities, including art exhibitions and workshops.
• Reflections on Ramadan TV: An article discusses the intense competition among TV channels during Ramadan to attract viewers with various programs.
• Metaverse in Institutional Communication: An article explores the potential of the metaverse in transforming institutional communication, improving internal collaboration, enhancing customer engagement through interactive experiences, and providing virtual environments for training and events.
• Historical Drama “Muawiya”: An analysis discusses the historical drama series “Muawiya,” produced by MBC, which addresses early Islamic history, sparking artistic and ideological debates. The series is compared to international productions and noted for its high production quality. The importance of presenting history responsibly and avoiding ideological manipulation is emphasized.
• Role of Historical Drama: An article highlights the significant role of historical drama in reshaping collective memory, connecting the present with the past, and evoking emotions like justice, courage, and empathy in viewers. It also contributes to reviving heritage and making history accessible, especially to younger generations.

6. Regional Political Tensions:

• Gaza Situation: Reports detail intense Israeli airstrikes on Gaza, resulting in civilian casualties. A proposed Egyptian ceasefire is mentioned. Nasser Medical Complex is described as being targeted, potentially constituting a war crime. Palestinian families in the “Tel Sultan” neighborhood are reported to be facing a “genocide.”
• Quote: “Gaza: Martyrs in intense Israeli airstrikes and an Egyptian proposal for a ceasefire.”
• Quote: “Targeting Nasser Complex is a war crime.”
• Quote: “Palestinian families in the ‘Tel Sultan’ neighborhood are subjected to genocide.”
• Jenin Operation: An Israeli occupation aggression on Jenin city and its camp resulted in 34 martyrs and dozens of injuries.
• Accusations Against Shin Bet Chief: Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu accused the head of the Shin Bet of trying to “overthrow the Yemeni government” (likely a mistranslation or misreporting, given the context usually relates to Israeli political levels or actions in Palestinian territories). Netanyahu also claimed the Shin Bet chief was gathering evidence against the political echelon in a legally questionable manner. The Shin Bet responded by stating its ongoing work against organizations designated as terrorist groups.
• Detained Palestinians: Reports indicate a rising number of Palestinian detainees, including children, martyred in Israeli prisons, with their bodies often withheld.

7. Sports News:

• Saudi National Football Team: The Saudi national football team concluded its preparations for the crucial Asian qualifiers for the 2026 World Cup against Japan. The team secured a recent win against China. Coach Hervé Renard emphasized the team’s readiness despite some player absences due to injury. The match against Japan is seen as a significant challenge in Group C. Japan leads the group, while Saudi Arabia is in third place. A Kuwaiti refereeing team was assigned to the match.
• Quote (Renard): “We will face a strong and organized team, so we must be effective in seizing opportunities, especially since we were not in the last match against China.”
• Quote (Renard): “We believe in our chances of qualifying, and this is our field today.”
• Al-Adalah Friendly Match: Al-Adalah football club is preparing for upcoming league matches by playing a friendly against Al-Fateh.
• Reflections on Saudi Club Performance: An article discusses the recent return to victories for the Saudi national team and the challenges faced by Saudi clubs in local and Asian competitions.

8. Other News:

• Updated Hajj Health Requirements: The Ministry of Health announced updated health requirements for the Hajj season 1446 AH (2025 AD) to ensure the health and safety of pilgrims.
• Abha Recognized for Air Quality: The city of Abha received the title of the “cleanest city” in the Kingdom for air purity in 2024, according to the National Center for Environmental Compliance. This achievement is seen as supporting Saudi Arabia’s bid to host the 2034 World Cup.
• Quote: “Abha city obtained the title of the cleanest city for air purity in 2024, according to the assessment of the National Center for Environmental Compliance (NCEC) for Air.”
• Concerns about Student Absenteeism: An article discusses the phenomenon of high student absenteeism, particularly at the beginning and end of semesters and before exams, suggesting a need to re-evaluate educational practices to ensure a more engaging learning environment.
• Anniversary of Crown Prince’s Pledge of Allegiance: An article commemorates the eighth anniversary of the pledge of allegiance to Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, highlighting the Kingdom’s progress and achievements under his leadership and the Vision 2030 framework.
• Makkah’s Kaakiya Market: The Kaakiya market in Makkah experiences increased activity during Ramadan.
• Execution Court Announcement: An announcement from the Execution Court in Riyadh is included.

Conclusion:

These excerpts from Al-Riyadh newspaper provide a snapshot of Saudi Arabia in March 2025, highlighting its active role in international affairs, its commitment to economic diversification and development through Vision 2030, the diverse local initiatives underway across the Kingdom, the observance of Ramadan with its religious and cultural significance, and ongoing regional political tensions and sports activities. The overall tone suggests a Kingdom actively pursuing its vision for the future while addressing regional and global challenges.

Saudi Arabia: Humanitarian Aid, Mining, and Regional Affairs

FAQ based on the provided sources:

• What are some of the key international humanitarian efforts undertaken by Saudi Arabia, as highlighted in the text? Saudi Arabia actively engages in providing aid and support to various countries facing crises and hardships. This includes significant financial contributions, such as the approximately $12 billion provided to Yemen between 2012 and 2023 to support its budget, oil derivatives, and salaries, as well as depositing reserves to stabilize the Yemeni Riyal. The King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Centre plays a pivotal role in this, executing projects globally, including the “MASAM” project in Yemen, which has cleared over 485,000 landmines, unexploded ordnance, and booby traps, decontaminating over 65.8 million square meters of Yemeni land. These efforts reflect the Kingdom’s commitment to assisting those in need, irrespective of ethnicity or religion, and its proactive role in humanitarian initiatives.
• What steps is Saudi Arabia taking to enhance investment in its mining sector, and what are the expected outcomes? The Ministry of Investment is implementing a range of incentives and developing the mining sector in partnership with the Ministry of Industry and Mineral Resources. The aim is to attract both local and international leading companies in the sector, facilitating investment and boosting exploration activities. The first batch of mining licenses has been granted for multiple exploration sites, including Jabal Sayid and Al-Hajla, covering an area of 4,788 square kilometers. This initiative is expected to significantly increase investment in the mining sector, raise production rates, and contribute to the goals of Saudi Vision 2030 by diversifying the economy and creating new opportunities.
• What is the focus of the discussions between Lebanese and Syrian defense officials, as reported in the text? The Lebanese Minister of Defense visited Damascus to meet with his Syrian counterpart to discuss ways to control the situation at their shared border. This visit, the first of its kind since the formation of a new Lebanese government, aims to enhance coordination and prevent attacks from both sides. The border region has witnessed clashes, and there are concerns about smuggling of individuals, goods, and weapons across the 330-kilometer border, which includes many illegal crossings. Syria had also launched a security campaign in the Homs governorate to close smuggling routes.
• What is the new Saudi initiative regarding the localization of accounting professions, and what are its objectives and timeline? Three governmental bodies—the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development, the Saudi Organization for Certified Public Accountants, and the Ministry of Commerce—have launched a gradual localization plan for accounting professions. This new decision aims to increase the number of Saudi nationals in the private sector by creating more job opportunities for qualified Saudis. The plan targets reaching a 70% localization rate over five years, starting with the implementation of the first phase on October 27, 2025. The decision considers various factors, including the current labor market, the number of accounting graduates, and the private sector’s capacity to absorb national talent, aligning with the goals of Saudi Vision 2030.
• What are the latest developments concerning the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and potential ceasefire efforts mentioned in the text? The text reports on intense Israeli airstrikes in Gaza, resulting in numerous casualties, and a proposed Egyptian initiative for a ceasefire. There are also reports of an Israeli plan to establish an administration to facilitate the “voluntary” emigration of Palestinians from the Gaza Strip. Additionally, tensions are highlighted by accusations from Israeli National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir against the head of the Shin Bet, accusing him of attempting to undermine the political leadership. The situation remains highly volatile, with ongoing efforts to achieve a ceasefire and address the humanitarian crisis in Gaza.
• How did the Al-Masjid an-Nabawi (Prophet’s Mosque) in Medina observe the month of Ramadan, according to the sources? During Ramadan, Al-Masjid an-Nabawi witnessed several significant activities. Twenty muezzins continued the tradition of calling to prayer, a practice that dates back over 1400 years to Bilal ibn Rabah, the Prophet’s first muezzin. The mosque also implemented a large-scale Iftar (breaking the fast) program, “Khair Al-Madinah,” which provided over 1.4 million Iftar meals during the first twenty days of Ramadan, benefiting more than 73,000 people daily. The distribution included dates, fruits, and vegetables, reaching various locations including the mosque, pilgrim stations, and hospitals, reflecting a commitment to serving those in need during the holy month.
• What are some examples of Saudi Arabia’s efforts to promote tolerance and support Muslims internationally during Ramadan? Saudi Arabia, through the Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance, continues to implement the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques’ program for breaking the fast in several countries. In Chad, approximately 30,000 fasting individuals benefited from Iftar tables organized by the Kingdom’s religious attaché. Similar initiatives were carried out in South Africa and Croatia, providing Iftar meals to thousands of Muslims. The Kingdom also distributed dates and copies of the Quran, underscoring its leading role in serving Islam and Muslims, fostering brotherhood, compassion, and embodying the values of tolerance during Ramadan.
• What initiatives are being undertaken to preserve and promote historical mosques in Saudi Arabia? The Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance is undertaking a project to develop historical mosques across the Kingdom. This includes the restoration and rehabilitation of these mosques to preserve their historical and architectural significance, enhance their role in worship, and highlight the Kingdom’s cultural heritage. The project aims to develop the design of these mosques while retaining their original character. An example is the Al-Qalaa Mosque in Najran, which is being restored using traditional materials and techniques. This initiative aligns with Saudi Vision 2030’s focus on preserving national heritage and leveraging historical sites for cultural and religious enrichment.

King Salman Humanitarian Aid Center: Global Impact

Based on the sources, the King Salman Center for Relief and Humanitarian Aid is explicitly mentioned in.

Here’s what the sources say about it:

• The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia intended for its humanitarian and relief initiatives to be managed without randomness or impulsiveness.
• The King Salman Center for Relief and Humanitarian Aid was established in 2015.
• It has become an icon of humanitarian and relief work in the Arab region and globally.
• The center’s diverse and beneficial projects reach the farthest corners of the Earth.
• One of its notable achievements is the “MASAM” project in Yemen.
• Launched in 2018, the MASAM project had successfully cleared over 485,000 landmines, unexploded ordnance, and booby traps in Yemen by March of the current year.
• It has decontaminated 65,880,374 square meters of Yemeni land that was polluted with explosives.
• The MASAM project reflects the Kingdom’s and its leadership’s commitment to securing Yemeni lands from the danger of mines, allowing civilians to return and safeguarding their areas.
• This effort is expected to have a positive impact on the Yemeni economy as it recovers.
• Yemeni officials have expressed praise and appreciation for the Kingdom’s actions and the nobility of its leadership, as reflected in the MASAM project.

The sources also mention the broader context of the Kingdom’s humanitarian aid, noting that it provides assistance and stands by all sisterly and friendly nations during crises and hardships, offering the finest examples of aiding those in distress and responding to the calls of countries in need. The Kingdom generously spends on relief projects worldwide, driven by the principle of Arab solidarity and cooperation. This commitment is a continuation of the approach established by King Abdulaziz and followed by his successors, including King Salman.

Saudi Arabia: Global Humanitarian Relief Efforts

Based on the sources, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia places a significant emphasis on humanitarian relief efforts and has established a strong framework for providing aid on a global scale.

Here are key aspects of these efforts, drawing from the sources and our previous discussion about the King Salman Center:

• Principled Approach: The Kingdom’s humanitarian initiatives are driven by a sincere desire and a commitment to helping sisterly and friendly nations in times of crisis and hardship. This is rooted in the principle of Arab solidarity and cooperation.
• Global Reach: Saudi Arabia generously spends on relief projects worldwide. Its aid is not limited by religion, gender, or ethnicity.
• Managed and Organized: The Kingdom intended for its humanitarian and relief initiatives to be managed without randomness or impulsiveness, avoiding subjectivity.
• King Salman Center for Relief and Humanitarian Aid: Established in 2015, the center has become a central pillar of the Kingdom’s relief efforts. It is recognized as an icon of humanitarian and relief work in the Arab region and globally, with its diverse and beneficial projects reaching the farthest corners of the Earth.
• Examples of Aid:The Kingdom provides assistance and stands by all sisterly and friendly nations during crises and hardships, offering the finest examples of aiding those in distress and responding to the calls of countries in need.
• Between 2012 and 2023, Saudi Arabia provided approximately $12 billion to support Yemen, including budgetary support, fuel derivatives, salary grants, and easing pressure on foreign currency reserves to stabilize the Yemeni Riyal.
• The “MASAM” project in Yemen, launched by the King Salman Center in 2018, exemplifies these efforts. By March of the current year, MASAM had successfully cleared over 485,000 landmines, unexploded ordnance, and booby traps and decontaminated 65,880,374 square meters of Yemeni land polluted with explosives. This project reflects the Kingdom’s commitment to securing Yemeni lands and enabling the return of civilians.
• Impact and Recognition: The MASAM project is expected to have a positive impact on the Yemeni economy. Yemeni officials have expressed praise and appreciation for the Kingdom’s actions and the nobility of its leadership as demonstrated by MASAM.

In summary, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is deeply involved in humanitarian relief efforts worldwide, guided by principles of solidarity and managed through organized entities like the King Salman Center. These efforts aim to provide significant assistance to nations in need, as evidenced by the substantial aid to Yemen and the impactful MASAM project.

Saudi Arabia’s International Support: Humanitarian, Investment, and Diplomacy

Saudi Arabia provides various forms of support to other nations and entities, as highlighted in the sources and our conversation history. This support spans humanitarian aid, investment, and efforts towards regional stability.

Regarding humanitarian support, Saudi Arabia demonstrates a strong and principled commitment to assisting sisterly and friendly nations in times of crisis and hardship. This is driven by a sincere desire and the principle of Arab solidarity and cooperation. The Kingdom generously contributes to relief projects worldwide, without discrimination based on religion, gender, or ethnicity. The King Salman Center for Relief and Humanitarian Aid, established in 2015, serves as a key institution managing and delivering this aid effectively. The center’s projects are diverse and far-reaching, as exemplified by the “MASAM” project in Yemen, which has made significant progress in clearing landmines and supporting the return of civilians. The Kingdom’s substantial financial aid to Yemen between 2012 and 2023, amounting to approximately $12 billion, further underscores its commitment to humanitarian support. Yemeni officials have expressed praise and appreciation for these efforts.

Beyond humanitarian aid, Saudi Arabia also provides investment support aimed at developing various sectors in the Kingdom and attracting foreign investment. The Ministry of Investment plays a crucial role in this by designing incentive packages to attract foreign investments in promising economic sectors. The ministry is working to develop all sectors, including the mining sector, through initiatives like the Exploration Licensing Program, in partnership with the Ministry of Industry and Mineral Resources. This program aims to facilitate investment by local and foreign leading companies in the mining sector, contributing to the goals of Vision 2030. The Kingdom is actively working to make itself a primary investment destination in the mining sector by offering attractive opportunities, streamlining procedures, and fostering cooperation between local and international investors.

Furthermore, the sources indicate Saudi Arabia’s support extends to efforts aimed at regional stability. For instance, the Kingdom expressed its strong condemnation of the Israeli occupation authorities’ announcement of establishing an agency to displace Palestinians from the Gaza Strip, reaffirming its rejection of these illegal and colonial practices. This demonstrates Saudi Arabia’s support for international law and the rights of the Palestinian people.

In summary, Saudi Arabia’s support is multifaceted, encompassing significant humanitarian relief efforts managed through the King Salman Center, active investment promotion across various sectors like mining, and consistent diplomatic stances in support of international law and regional stability. This reflects the Kingdom’s commitment to its values, its regional role, and its Vision 2030 objectives.

Yemen Mine Clearance: The MASAM Project

The “MASAM” project in Yemen is a significant initiative undertaken by the King Salman Center for Relief and Humanitarian Aid. It is explicitly mentioned in the sources as a notable achievement of the center.

Here’s a breakdown of the MASAM project based on the sources:

• Origin and Launch: The MASAM project was launched in 2018 by the King Salman Center for Relief and Humanitarian Aid.
• Objectives: The primary goal of the MASAM project is to clear Yemeni lands from the danger of mines, unexploded ordnance, and booby traps. This aims to ensure the safety of Yemeni civilians, allowing them to return to their lands and safeguarding their areas.
• Achievements: As of March of the current year, the MASAM project has achieved significant results:
• Over 485,000 landmines, unexploded ordnance, and booby traps have been successfully cleared.
• 65,880,374 square meters of Yemeni land that was polluted with explosives have been decontaminated.
• Impact: The MASAM project is recognized for its crucial role in:
• Securing Yemeni lands from the threat of explosives.
• Enabling the return of civilians to their homes and land safely.
• Expected to have a positive impact on the Yemeni economy as it recovers.
• Recognition: The efforts of the Kingdom and its leadership, as demonstrated by the MASAM project, have been met with praise and appreciation from Yemeni officials, who have acknowledged the nobility of these actions.

In essence, the MASAM project stands as a key example of the humanitarian relief efforts led by the King Salman Center in Yemen. It directly addresses the critical issue of landmines, which pose a significant threat to the safety and well-being of the Yemeni population, and contributes to the long-term stability and economic recovery of the country.

Saudi Top Ten Banks: 2024 Performance Report

Based on the sources, a report by Andersen in cooperation with Marshall, specialized in providing advisory services in the Kingdom, announced the performance of the Saudi banking sector for the fiscal year 2024. The report stated that the top ten banks in Saudi Arabia maintained strong performance levels.

Here are some key highlights from the report regarding these ten banks:

• Loan and Advances Growth: Loans and advances increased by 14.4% on a year-on-year basis in fiscal year 2024, primarily driven by a 17.7% year-on-year growth in corporate loans.
• Deposit Growth Slowdown: The growth in deposit mobilization slowed down to 7.9% year-on-year, impacted by slower growth in time deposits, which only achieved a growth rate of 4.7% year-on-year.
• Increase in Loan-to-Deposit Ratio: The loan-to-deposit ratio rose to 104.7%.
• Rise in Funding Costs: Funding costs increased by 6%, reaching 55 basis points year-on-year to register 3.5%, leading to a slight decrease in the net interest margin to 3%.
• Modest Operating Income Growth: The rate of operating income growth slightly decreased, recording a growth rate of 9.3%, reflecting the impact of higher net revenues from fees, commissions, and other operating revenues.
• Healthy Net Profit Growth: The banks recorded healthy net profit growth of +11.8% year-on-year (compared to 13.5% in fiscal year 2023), reaching a total of 79.6 billion Saudi Riyals, driven by a decline in impairment provisions.
• Improvement in Cost Efficiency: Cost efficiency levels improved, with the cost-to-income ratio decreasing to 31.3% (-63 basis points year-on-year) as operating income growth (+9.3% year-on-year) exceeded the growth rate of operating costs (+7.1% year-on-year).
• Improved Cost of Risk: The cost of risk in Saudi banks improved slightly to reach 0.3% (-7 basis points year-on-year), with seven of the top ten banks recording an improvement in the cost of risk due to a 7.5% year-on-year decrease in impairment charges.
• Decrease in Non-Performing Loans: Overall, the non-performing loan ratio to net loans decreased by 18 basis points year-on-year to register 1.1% in 2024.
• Return on Equity: The return on shareholders’ equity increased to 14.5% (+72 basis points year-on-year).
• Return on Assets: The return on assets remained stable at 2.0%.

According to Ali Al-Nasser, the publisher, this report demonstrates the stability and strength of the Saudi banking sector despite increased funding costs due to higher interest rates on deposits and loans. The banks improved their profits by raising net interest margins, reducing provisions, and enhancing liquidity efficiency.

The list of the ten banks included in the report comprises:

• AlAhli Saudi Bank
• Riyad Bank
• Al Rajhi Bank
• Saudi National Bank (SNB)
• Saudi British Bank (SABB)
• Banque Saudi Fransi
• Alinma Bank
• Arab National Bank
• Saudi Investment Bank
• Bank Albilad
• AlJazira Bank

In conclusion, the top ten Saudi banks demonstrated resilience and strong performance in fiscal year 2024, characterized by loan growth, improved efficiency, and healthy profitability despite evolving market conditions.

By Amjad Izhar
Contact: amjad.izhar@gmail.com
https://amjadizhar.blog

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