This collection of articles from the Al Riyadh newspaper, dated March 20, 2025, covers a diverse range of topics. A significant focus is on Ramadan, detailing increased spending, market activity in Mecca, and initiatives like mass iftars and distribution of dates. The region’s healthcare is highlighted with the arrival of conjoined twins for surgery and a successful hip replacement procedure. International news includes the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the situation in South Sudan, and a limited truce in Ukraine. Business and economic news features gold price increases, Asian stock declines, and a drop in oil prices. Finally, sports news previews Saudi Arabia’s national football team matches and discusses local league developments.

Source Material Study Guide and Quiz

I. Quiz (Short Answer)

Answer the following questions in 2-3 sentences each.

1. According to the article, what are some of the goals of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 related to the Hajj and Umrah?
2. What was the primary reason for the recall issued by several car dealerships, as mentioned in the text?
3. Describe one way in which the Saudi government is utilizing technology to improve the experience of pilgrims visiting the holy sites.
4. What was the significance of the meeting chaired by Prince Saud bin Mishaal in Jeddah, as reported in the article?
5. According to the text, what is the purpose of the King Fahd Complex for Printing the Holy Quran’s participation in the Ramadan exhibition in Riyadh?
6. Briefly outline the medical procedure performed at Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital in Jeddah for the elderly patient.
7. What are some of the key objectives of the project to develop historical mosques in Saudi Arabia?
8. Based on the article, what are some of the potential benefits of intermittent fasting, particularly during Ramadan?
9. What was the main topic of discussion between Presidents Trump and Putin during their phone call, as it relates to the conflict in Ukraine?
10. According to the article, what concerns did Arthur Schlesinger Jr. express in his memo regarding the CIA?

II. Quiz Answer Key

1. Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 aims to increase the number of Umrah pilgrims to 30 million annually. This requires additional investments in technology like digital IDs, airport development, and improved public transportation to better serve the guests of Allah.
2. The primary reason for the car dealership recall was a defect in a fuel injection pipe and fastening clip. This flaw could potentially lead to fuel leakage, significantly increasing the risk of a fire.
3. The Saudi government is utilizing technology such as the ” اعتمرنا ” and ” نسك ” applications to organize Umrah appointments. These electronic systems issued over 15 million permits in 2023, helping to manage crowds and streamline the pilgrimage process.
4. The meeting chaired by Prince Saud bin Mishaal, the Deputy Governor of Makkah, was a meeting of the Central Hajj Committee. The agenda included reviewing the readiness of current plans and following up on and monitoring the plans for the last ten days of Ramadan and the upcoming Hajj season.
5. The King Fahd Complex for Printing the Holy Quran participated in the Ramadan exhibition in Riyadh to showcase its efforts in serving the Holy Quran and disseminating it globally. Their exhibit displayed the various stages of Quran printing, different translations, and various formats including Braille.
6. The elderly patient underwent a hip replacement surgery under partial anesthesia at Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital in Jeddah. The procedure involved removing the fractured femoral head, cleaning the joint, and replacing it with a modern artificial joint.
7. The key objectives of the project to develop historical mosques include rehabilitating and restoring their architectural integrity, highlighting the historical and urban heritage of Saudi Arabia, and enhancing their religious and cultural significance while drawing inspiration for modern mosque designs.
8. Intermittent fasting during Ramadan, or dry intermittent fasting, is believed by some to offer health benefits such as reducing insulin resistance, boosting growth hormone levels, improving immune function, and promoting autophagy, which is the body’s process of clearing out damaged cells.
9. The main topic of discussion between Presidents Trump and Putin regarding the conflict in Ukraine was a proposed temporary cessation of attacks on energy infrastructure. While Trump supported a 30-day pause, it fell short of the full ceasefire that Ukraine had hoped for.
10. In his memo, Arthur Schlesinger Jr. expressed concerns about the increasing power and recklessness of the CIA. He worried that the agency was conducting secret operations without presidential approval, which could damage America’s credibility and inadvertently support communism.

III. Essay Format Questions

1. Analyze the various ways in which the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is preparing for and managing the increasing number of religious tourists, referencing specific examples and initiatives mentioned in the provided text.
2. Discuss the potential economic and social impacts of the rising gold prices and the factors contributing to this trend, as described in the article.
3. Evaluate the significance of international relations and political developments, such as the Trump-Putin call and the situation in Southern Sudan, on regional stability and global affairs based on the provided news excerpts.
4. Critically assess the role of cultural heritage preservation and promotion in Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030, using the examples of the historical mosque development and the Year of Handicrafts.
5. Explore the multifaceted challenges and responses related to health and safety discussed in the articles, including the car recall, the elderly patient’s surgery, and the road safety campaign during Ramadan.

IV. Glossary of Key Terms

• واس (WAS): Saudi Press Agency, the official news agency of Saudi Arabia.
• رمضان (Ramadan): The ninth month of the Islamic calendar, observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting, prayer, reflection, and community.
• الحج (Hajj): An annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, the holiest city for Muslims. It is one of the five pillars of Islam and a religious duty that must be carried out by every adult Muslim who is physically and financially capable of making the journey, at least once in their lifetime.
• العمرة (Umrah): An Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca that can be undertaken at any time of the year, unlike the Hajj which has specific dates according to the Islamic lunar calendar.
• رؤية المملكة 2030 (Vision 2030): A strategic framework launched by Saudi Arabia to reduce its dependence on oil, diversify its economy, and develop public service sectors such as health, education, infrastructure, recreation, and tourism.
• ولي العهد (Crown Prince): The designated successor to the throne in a monarchy. In Saudi Arabia, it is currently Prince Mohammed bin Salman.
• خادم الحرمين الشريفين (Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques): A title used by the Saudi Arabian monarch referring to their role in safeguarding the two holiest mosques in Islam, Al-Masjid al-Haram in Mecca and Al-Masjid an-Nabawi in Medina.
• تسميم (Design): The act of planning and shaping the form or structure of something.
• تبوك (Tabuk): A region and city in northwestern Saudi Arabia.
• الرياض (Riyadh): The capital city of Saudi Arabia and the center of the Riyadh Province.
• جدة (Jeddah): A Saudi Arabian port city on the Red Sea and a major urban center in western Saudi Arabia.
• المدينة المنورة (Medina): The second holiest city in Islam, located in the Hejaz region of Saudi Arabia. It is significant for being the city to which the Prophet Muhammad emigrated.
• مكة المكرمة (Mecca): The holiest city in Islam, located in the Hejaz region of Saudi Arabia. It is the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad and the location of the Kaaba.
• الذهب الفوري (Spot Gold): The price of gold for immediate delivery.
• الاحتياطي الفيدرالي (Federal Reserve): The central banking system of the United States.
• النفط (Oil): A naturally occurring, yellowish-black liquid found in geological formations beneath the Earth’s surface, commonly refined into fuels.
• أوبك (OPEC): The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, an intergovernmental organization of 13 countries.
• جنوب السودان (South Sudan): A landlocked country in East-Central Africa that gained independence from Sudan in 2011.
• كييف (Kyiv): The capital and most populous city of Ukraine.
• موسكو (Moscow): The capital and most populous city of Russia.
• CIA (وكالة المخابرات المركزية الأمريكية – Central Intelligence Agency): A civilian foreign intelligence service of the United States federal government, tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world.
• MBC1: A pan-Arab free-to-air satellite television channel owned by the Middle East Broadcasting Center.
• شاهد (Shahid): A leading Arabic streaming platform offering a wide range of content.
• الهدر الغذائي (Food Waste): Food that is discarded or lost uneaten.
• الصيام المتقطع (Intermittent Fasting): An eating pattern that cycles between periods of eating and voluntary fasting on a regular schedule.
• الزملوق (Zamlouq – Senecio glaucus): A species of flowering plant, in this context, noted for its appearance after the rainy season in some regions of Saudi Arabia.

Briefing Document: Analysis of News Articles from “alriyadh.com” (March 20, 2025)

This briefing document provides a summary of the main themes, important ideas, and key facts presented in the provided excerpts from the March 20, 2025, issue of the Arabic-language newspaper “alriyadh.com”. Where relevant, direct quotes from the original text (translated) are included to illustrate key points.

Main Themes:

1. Government Initiatives and Royal Activities: A significant portion of the news covers various activities and initiatives led by members of the Saudi Royal Family across different regions. These activities range from presiding over important committees (like the Central Hajj Committee) to inaugurating infrastructure projects (the Second Ring Road in Mecca), receiving reports from government bodies, and attending social events.

• : “His Royal Highness Prince Khalid bin Saud, Vice Governor of Tabuk Region, received the Commander of the Border Guards in Tabuk… and reviewed the ‘Hadaf’ report.”
• : “His Royal Highness Prince Saud bin Mishal presided over the Central Hajj Committee… and inaugurated the Second Ring Road in the Holy Capital.”

1. Religious Affairs and Ramadan Activities: Several articles highlight the ongoing efforts related to religious affairs, particularly during the month of Ramadan. This includes the continuation of the King’s programs for providing Iftar meals and dates in various countries, the development and renovation of historical mosques, and the participation of religious institutions in Ramadan exhibitions.

• : “The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques’ programs for Iftar and date distribution continue in India, Denmark, and Lithuania.” The article notes that “8,000 tons of dates have benefited from this program in mosques and Islamic centers in both countries.”
• : Regarding the development of historical mosques, it’s stated that the project’s strategy includes “rehabilitating and restoring the architectural identity of historical mosques, highlighting the historical dimension of Saudi Arabia, and strengthening the religious and cultural significance of these mosques.”
• : “The King Fahd Complex for the Printing of the Holy Quran participates in the Ramadan exhibition in Riyadh… aiming to highlight the Complex’s efforts in serving the Holy Quran and its global dissemination.”

1. Social Welfare and Community Engagement: The news also features stories related to social welfare, including the arrival of conjoined twins for treatment in Riyadh, the reception of orphans by a Royal Prince on Arab Orphan Day, and a hospital successfully performing a complex hip replacement surgery on an elderly patient.

• : “The Egyptian parasitic twins arrive in Riyadh, and the parents of the Egyptian parasitic twins expressed their gratitude to the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques and the Crown Prince.”
• : Regarding the surgery, the report mentions, “…the medical team reached a treatment plan… the fracture was removed, the joint was cleaned, and the femoral head was replaced with a modern, high-quality artificial joint. The medical intervention by the team was successful…”

1. Economic and Financial News: Several articles delve into economic and financial topics, including the rise in gold prices to a record level, the decline in oil prices due to a temporary truce proposal in Ukraine and concerns about oversupply, and the decrease in Asian stock markets anticipating stable interest rates. There is also a piece discussing the challenges faced by the petrochemical industry in Asia.

• (Gold): “Gold rose to a record level yesterday, Wednesday… spot gold rose by 0.2% to reach $3,039.38 per ounce.” Analysts suggest it could reach “$3,200 during a month or a little more.”
• (Oil): “Oil prices fell yesterday, Wednesday, after Russia agreed to a proposal by US President Donald Trump that Moscow and Kyiv temporarily stop attacking each other’s energy infrastructure…” This led to “concerns about a surplus in crude oil supplies.”
• (Petrochemicals): The article notes that Asia’s naphtha cracking plants are struggling with high feedstock costs and weak margins, leading to shutdowns and reduced operating rates.

1. International Relations and Conflict: The news touches upon international conflicts and diplomatic efforts, including the proposed limited truce in Ukraine following a call between Presidents Trump and Putin, and the dire humanitarian situation in Gaza with ongoing Israeli military operations and protests against them. There is also a report on the Lebanese army closing border crossings with Syria.

• (Ukraine): “Russian forces launched a barrage of missiles and drones at Ukraine on Tuesday, killing one person and wounding others, hours after Moscow agreed to a temporary halt to targeting energy facilities during a call between Presidents Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin.”
• (Gaza): A Hamas official states that the latest Israeli military escalation “exposes the lives of Israeli prisoners in the sector to danger,” and that “70% of the martyrs are children, women, and civilians, and this is a war crime.”

1. National Identity and Values: An editorial discusses Saudi National Flag Day, emphasizing the flag as a symbol of national unity, sovereignty, and loyalty. Another piece advises against hasty judgment and spreading false information.

• (National Flag Day): “National Flag Day is a national occasion that embodies the unity and integration of all the sons of the Kingdom… It confirms their profound national belonging and their unwavering loyalty to their leadership.”
• (Hasty Judgments): The article quotes the Quran and warns against believing false reports, stating, “O you who have believed, if there comes to you a disobedient one with information, investigate…”

1. Sports: The newspaper covers the Saudi national football team’s preparations and match against China in the World Cup qualifiers, as well as other sports news like the Saudi women’s junior volleyball team’s training camp.

• (Football): The French coach Hervé Renard acknowledges the difficulty of the upcoming match against China, noting that the Chinese team has improved and has a good coach.

1. Arts, Culture, and Entertainment: There are reports on cultural events like the “Amniyah Evening” highlighting efforts in preserving heritage and handicrafts, the participation of Japanese brands in Riyadh Season, and the launch of Eid al-Fitr 2025 festivities.

• (Amniyah Evening): The Director General of the Handicrafts Sector at the Heritage Authority stated that “2025 focuses on highlighting Saudi heritage, enhancing national pride among the rising generations, supporting the growth and marketing of the handicrafts sector, and empowering artisans.”
• (Eid Festivities): The General Entertainment Authority announced a wide range of events for Eid al-Fitr 2025, including concerts, theatrical performances, and fireworks displays in various cities across the Kingdom.

1. Health and Medical Advancements: The success of a complex hip replacement surgery is highlighted, and there’s a broader mention of Saudi hospitals achieving international standards and attracting patients from around the world. The role of the Ministry of Health’s “937” service for providing consultations is also noted.

• (Hospitals): “Saudi hospitals are witnessing a qualitative transformation, making them a model to be emulated regionally and internationally… They have proven their commitment to meeting global quality and safety standards…”

Important Ideas and Facts:

• Vision 2030 Alignment: Several initiatives, such as the development of historical mosques and the promotion of handicrafts, are explicitly linked to the goals of the Kingdom’s Vision 2030.
• Hajj Preparations: The meeting of the Central Hajj Committee indicates ongoing preparations and strategic planning for the upcoming Hajj season.
• Economic Volatility: The fluctuations in gold and oil prices reflect global economic uncertainties and geopolitical tensions.
• Humanitarian Crisis: The reports from Gaza and South Sudan paint a grim picture of ongoing conflicts and their severe humanitarian consequences.
• Diplomatic Efforts: The phone call between Trump and Putin regarding a temporary truce in Ukraine highlights international efforts to de-escalate conflicts, albeit with limited success.
• National Unity: The emphasis on National Flag Day underscores the importance of national identity and unity in Saudi Arabia.
• Healthcare Development: The news on successful medical procedures and the high standards of Saudi hospitals showcases the advancements in the Kingdom’s healthcare sector.
• Ramadan Significance: The focus on religious programs and activities during Ramadan highlights the spiritual importance of the month.

Conclusion:

The excerpts from “alriyadh.com” on March 20, 2025, present a snapshot of various activities and developments within Saudi Arabia and its engagement with the wider world. The news covers a diverse range of topics, from royal engagements and religious initiatives to economic trends, international conflicts, social welfare, and cultural events. A recurring theme is the Kingdom’s focus on development, national identity, and its role in regional and global affairs, often framed within the context of Vision 2030 and religious values. The coverage also reflects ongoing global challenges and their impact on the region.

Saudi Arabia: Developments and Initiatives

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What are the key initiatives being undertaken in Mecca and other regions of Saudi Arabia, as highlighted in the article? The article emphasizes several key initiatives. In Mecca, the focus is on developing and improving infrastructure and services for Hajj pilgrims, exemplified by the Central Hajj Committee meetings and the inauguration of the Second Ring Road. Nationally, there’s a drive towards achieving the goals of Vision 2030, which includes initiatives in education like the “Munafis” award to foster student innovation, leadership, and volunteerism. Additionally, significant efforts are being made to develop historical mosques across the Kingdom, aiming to rehabilitate and restore their architectural significance while highlighting Saudi Arabia’s Arab and Islamic heritage.

2. How is Saudi Arabia demonstrating its commitment to serving pilgrims and visitors? Saudi Arabia is demonstrating its commitment through large-scale infrastructure projects in Mecca, such as the Second Ring Road, designed to facilitate movement. The Kingdom also continues the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques’ programs for providing iftar meals and distributing dates to Muslims in various countries. Furthermore, there’s a strong emphasis on ensuring the safety and comfort of pilgrims, with the Ministry of Interior deploying substantial personnel and advanced technology, like thermal cameras and AI systems, to manage crowds and prevent incidents in the Holy Sites. Electronic systems like the “Etamarna” and “Nusk” apps have been developed to regulate Umrah appointments, processing millions of permits.

3. What cultural and heritage preservation efforts are mentioned in the article? The article highlights several cultural and heritage preservation efforts. The development and renovation of historical mosques across Saudi Arabia is a significant initiative, aiming to restore their original architectural style and highlight their historical and cultural importance. The Kingdom is also preparing to celebrate 2025 as the “Year of Handicrafts,” with the Heritage Authority organizing events to promote and support local artisans and preserve traditional crafts, aligning with Vision 2030’s goals to showcase Saudi heritage and foster national pride.

4. What international collaborations and outreach programs are Saudi Arabian entities involved in, according to the text? Saudi Arabia, through the Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance, continues the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques’ programs to provide iftar and dates to Muslims in countries like India, Denmark, and Lithuania, showcasing international religious outreach. Additionally, “Manga Productions” and “Selah” are participating in Riyadh Season, aiming to attract Japanese investments in the animation and production sectors, indicating international cultural and economic engagement.

5. How is Saudi Arabia’s healthcare sector being developed and recognized, as portrayed in the article? The article depicts Saudi Arabia’s healthcare sector as undergoing a significant transformation, with hospitals achieving high international standards in quality, accuracy, and safety. Several Saudi hospitals have earned top rankings globally, attracting patients from around the world for specialized treatments. The Ministry of Health provides direct consultations and recommendations through the 937 hotline and offers home healthcare services. The success of Saudi hospitals is attributed to the government’s support and the leadership’s vision to provide advanced, technology-driven healthcare services to all citizens and residents.

6. What economic and trade-related news is covered in the article? The article covers several economic and trade-related topics. Gold prices have risen to record levels amid geopolitical tensions and uncertainty regarding US tariffs, increasing its appeal as a safe haven. Oil prices have declined following a temporary truce in Ukraine and concerns about oversupply. There’s also discussion about the petrochemical industry in Asia facing challenges due to rising naphtha cracking costs and weak demand, leading to production cuts and closures. Additionally, the potential impact of US tariffs on various countries, including Canada, Mexico, and China, and the anticipated retaliatory measures are highlighted, along with the effect on consumer confidence and supply chains.

7. What are some of the social and community-focused activities highlighted in the article, particularly during Ramadan and Eid? During Ramadan, the article mentions the ongoing programs for providing iftar meals and distributing dates. There’s also a focus on the exemplary conduct of imams, preachers, and muezzins in mosques across the Kingdom during Ramadan, emphasizing the importance of guidance and adherence to instructions. During Eid Al-Fitr, the General Entertainment Authority (GEA) is launching a wide array of celebratory events, including musical concerts, theatrical performances, and fireworks in various cities. Additionally, the Saudi Arabian Boy Scouts Association is praised for their voluntary efforts in the vicinity of the Grand Mosque during Ramadan, assisting pilgrims, especially lost children, reflecting community service and humanitarian efforts. The “With Safety” campaign is also highlighted, promoting safe driving habits before iftar to reduce accidents.

8. What sports-related news is featured in the article? The article provides updates on Saudi Arabia’s national football team (“Al-Akhdar”) as they prepare for crucial matches in the Asian qualifiers for the 2026 FIFA World Cup, including a game against China. The French coach Hervé Renard emphasizes the difficulty of the upcoming match. There’s also news about Japan and South Korea aiming to secure their spots in the World Cup, as well as Iraq’s match against Kuwait in the same qualifiers. Furthermore, the Saudi women’s national under-16 volleyball team is undergoing preparations for the Asian Championship. Local football news includes the Al-Lowmi player Jawad topping the scoring charts in the Third Division League.

Egyptian Parasitic Twin Arrives in Riyadh for Medical Care

Based on the sources, there has been an arrival of an Egyptian parasitic twin in Riyadh. This arrival occurred following the directives of the King and the Crown Prince.

Key details regarding the arrival include:

• Directives from Leadership: The arrival of the parasitic twin took place under the guidance of the King and the Crown Prince.
• Patient Identification: The Egyptian parasitic twin is named Muhammad Abdulrahman Jumaah.
• Arrival Location: He arrived in Riyadh at King Khalid International Airport.
• Medical Care: Immediately after arriving, the twin was transferred to King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital. The purpose of this transfer was for the medical team to study his condition and explore the possibility of a separation surgery.
• Praise for the Initiative: Dr. Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Rabeeah, the consultant at the Royal Court and head of the medical team at King Salman Center for Relief and Humanitarian Aid, lauded this generous gesture and noble humanitarian initiative.
• Gratitude Expressed: The parents of the parasitic twin conveyed their thanks and gratitude to the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, the Crown Prince, the Saudi Program for Separating Conjoined Twins, and the Saudi Embassy in Egypt for the care and attention they received.
• Kingdom’s Commitment: This event highlights the Kingdom’s dedication to the Saudi Program for Separating Conjoined Twins and its commitment to providing aid to critical medical cases globally without any discrimination. This initiative reflects the Kingdom’s “deep-rooted humanitarian approach”.

The sources emphasize the humanitarian aspect of this initiative, showcasing the Kingdom’s leadership in providing medical assistance to those in need, regardless of their nationality.

Saudi Arabia: Ramadan and Charitable Giving

Based on the sources, Ramadan is a significant time for charity efforts and giving in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Several aspects of these efforts are highlighted:

• Leadership’s Role: The leadership of the Kingdom, including the King and the Crown Prince, actively promotes and engages in charitable acts. This is exemplified by the donation of three billion riyals to social security beneficiaries, reflecting their care for the needs of citizens. The arrival and medical care provided to the Egyptian parasitic twin, Muhammad Abdulrahman Jumaah, is also presented as a testament to the Kingdom’s “deep-rooted humanitarian approach” and its commitment to providing aid globally without discrimination, which can be considered a significant act of charity. The headline “CUSTODIAN OF THE TWO HOLY MOSQUES’ GIVING CONTINUES AROUND THE WORLD” further emphasizes this ongoing commitment.
• Government Initiatives: The Ministry of Islamic Affairs undertakes continuous efforts during Ramadan, including the implementation of the “Iftar al-Saimin” program, which aims to provide iftar meals for various groups of fasting individuals. This program fosters solidarity, brotherhood, love, and the spirit of the faith among Muslims.
• Community Engagement: Beyond governmental efforts, there are numerous activities and programs during Ramadan that embody charity. The Deputy Governor of Makkah’s participation in an Iftar meal with orphaned children is mentioned as part of annual initiatives, highlighting the attention given to vulnerable members of society.
• Religious Emphasis: Ramadan itself is viewed as a “profitable trade for good deeds” where rewards are multiplied. Muslims are encouraged to seize the opportunities for increasing their good deeds during this blessed month. Spending for the sake of Allah, especially during Laylat al-Qadr, is highlighted as having a significantly multiplied reward. The Ministry of Islamic Affairs also urges people to give to those genuinely in need while discouraging begging within mosques.
• Broader Values: These charitable efforts during Ramadan reflect the core values of the Kingdom, such as social solidarity, care for citizens, and humanitarianism. The Kingdom’s giving is portrayed as extending beyond its local and Arab environment to reach people in all parts of the world.

In summary, the sources illustrate that Ramadan in Saudi Arabia is a period marked by significant charitable activities at the leadership, governmental, and community levels, driven by religious principles and a deep-rooted humanitarian ethos. The provision of care for the parasitic twin, as discussed in our previous conversation, aligns with this broader theme of the Kingdom’s commitment to humanitarian aid and giving, particularly during significant times like Ramadan.

Gaza Conflict Escalation and Humanitarian Crisis

Based on the sources, there has been a significant escalation of the conflict in Gaza, marked by continued Israeli military actions and dire humanitarian consequences.

Key points from the sources regarding the escalation include:

• Continued Israeli Raids: The Israeli occupation forces have continued to launch raids on the Gaza Strip, violating ceasefire agreements. These raids have targeted various areas, including the northern parts of the sector.
• High Casualties: These ongoing military actions have resulted in a large number of casualties, including hundreds of martyrs and injured individuals, with a significant proportion being children.
• Hamas’s Warning: A member of the Hamas political bureau has stated that the Israeli military escalation endangers the lives of Israelis held in the Gaza Strip. They also warned of potentially substantial human and material losses affecting both Palestinians and Israelis.
• Humanitarian Crisis: The humanitarian situation in Gaza is described as extremely difficult, with hospitals struggling to cope with the sheer number of injuries. There are shortages of essential medical supplies, and the delivery of aid is facing challenges. Organizations like Doctors Without Borders have reported receiving a large influx of wounded individuals in their field hospitals.
• Palestinian Authority’s Condemnation: The Palestinian Foreign Ministry has strongly condemned the Israeli actions as a “return of the occupation to a war of extermination and displacement”. They have appealed to various countries to take decisive steps to compel the Israeli government to halt its aggression immediately and adhere to international resolutions.
• Occupation as Outside the Law: The head of the Palestinian National Council has stated that the Israeli occupation is no longer just an occupying force but has transformed into an entity outside the law, practicing terrorism. They have urged the international community to urgently intervene to stop the “brutal crimes”.
• Raids in the West Bank: Alongside the Gaza escalation, Israeli forces have also conducted extensive raids in the West Bank, including incursions into refugee camps like Balata and Askar in Nablus. During these operations, homes were raided, searched, and several Palestinian citizens were arrested.

The sources highlight the severity of the ongoing conflict, the significant human cost, and the strong condemnation from Palestinian authorities regarding the Israeli military actions in Gaza and the West Bank. The dire humanitarian situation in Gaza, exacerbated by the continued fighting, is also a major concern reported in the sources.

Madinah: A City Undergoing Significant Developmental Progress

Based on the sources, Madinah is currently undergoing significant developmental progress in various aspects of life. This progress reflects its status as a holy Islamic and historical site.

Key points regarding Madinah’s development projects and progress include:

• Noticeable Developmental Progress: Madinah is witnessing remarkable developmental and urban progress in all facets of life. This signifies ongoing projects and initiatives aimed at improving the city and its infrastructure.
• Recognition as a Leading City: Madinah has achieved high rankings in several areas, indicating successful development outcomes:
• Ranked first in Saudi Arabia, fifth in the Gulf region, and seventh in the Arab world in the “Best 100 City Destinations” index for 2024.
• Ranked first nationally and second globally in the “Smart Tourism Safety Index for Women” for travel.
• Recognized with the gold certificate from the “Sustainable Development Goals for Cities” (SDG-Cities) program.
• Efforts in Line with Vision 2030: The developmental progress is aligned with the Kingdom’s Vision 2030 goals, suggesting that projects in Madinah are part of a broader national development plan aimed at sustainability and improving quality of life.
• Focus on Serving Visitors: The governmental efforts in Madinah are geared towards serving the visitors to the Prophet’s Mosque and the Madinah region. This implies development projects that enhance the experience for pilgrims and tourists.
• Mention of Parks and Recreational Areas: The sources mention Prince Muhammad bin Abdulaziz (formerly King Fahd) Central Park and Al-Baha Garden in Al-Hussam in Madinah. These established parks suggest ongoing attention to green spaces and recreational facilities within the city, contributing to its overall development and the well-being of its residents and visitors.

In summary, the sources indicate that Madinah is experiencing significant and recognized developmental progress across various sectors, aligning with national goals and focused on serving its residents and visitors. The presence and mention of parks further illustrate the development efforts in the city.

Oil Price Decline: Ceasefire and Oversupply Concerns

Based on the sources, there has been a notable decline in oil prices driven by several factors.

Here are the key points regarding the oil price decline discussed in the sources:

• Energy Ceasefire Impact: News of an energy ceasefire between Russia and Ukraine contributed to a decline in oil prices. This truce raised concerns about a potential oversupply in the oil market.
• US-Russia Agreement: The agreement between the US and Russia involved a 30-day ceasefire and aimed to de-escalate the situation in Ukraine’s energy sector.
• Concerns of Oversupply: The ceasefire exacerbated existing fears of an oversupplied oil market.
• OPEC+ Production Cuts: Earlier anticipation that OPEC+ might ease production cuts starting in April was also expected to increase crude oil supplies globally, contributing to downward pressure on prices.
• Attacks in the Red Sea: Counteracting some of the downward pressure, the US pledged to curb Houthi drone and missile attacks in Yemen, which had raised concerns about potential disruptions in vital shipping lanes in the Red Sea, a key area for global oil trade.
• Analyst Perspectives:Analysts at Investec noted that oil prices extended their losses due to the energy ceasefire, which amplified oversupply fears.
• JPMorgan’s analyst, Jun Rong, stated that the ceasefire represented a positive step towards resolving the Ukraine conflict and would reduce the risk of oil supply disruptions from Ukrainian energy facilities, keeping oil prices somewhat in check.
• Goldman Sachs suggested that the risks of lower oil prices prevailed due to expectations of increased productive capacity and energy supply. They also lowered their Brent crude price forecast slightly for the coming months, anticipating potential downside risks to supply due to sanctions.

In summary, the decline in oil prices, as reported in the sources, is primarily attributed to the energy ceasefire between Russia and Ukraine, which heightened concerns about an oversupply in the market. While tensions in the Red Sea provided some counter-pressure, overall market sentiment, coupled with forecasts of potentially increased supply from OPEC+ and , pointed towards a downward trend in oil prices.

Under the directives of the King and Crown Prince, the Egyptian parasitic twins arrive in Riyadh.

In implementation of the directives of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, and His Royal Highness Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Crown Prince and Prime Minister – may God protect them – the Egyptian parasitic twins, “Mohammed Abdulrahman Jumaa,” arrived at King Khalid International Airport in Riyadh yesterday, accompanied by their families, coming from the Arab Republic of Egypt. The twins were transferred upon their arrival to King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital at the Ministry of the National Guard. To study their condition and consider the possibility of performing a separation operation. His Excellency the Advisor to the Royal Court, General Supervisor of the King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Center, Head of the Medical Team, Dr. Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al-Rabiah, expressed his sincere thanks to the wise leadership – may God protect them – for this generous gesture and noble humanitarian initiative.

The generosity of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques continues around the world.

As part of the ongoing efforts made by the Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance during the holy month of Ramadan, the Ministry’s religious attachés continue to implement the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud’s Iftar program and date distribution programs in a number of countries around the world. In India and the countries affiliated with the attaché, more than 75,000 fasting men and women had benefited from the Iftar program by mid-Ramadan, while the number of beneficiaries of the date gift reached 100,000 poor and needy beneficiaries. The number of beneficiaries of the Iftar meals is expected to reach 150,000 fasting men and women by the end of the holy month, while the number of beneficiaries of the date gift is expected to exceed 200,000. The program is being implemented in coordination with the Kingdom’s embassies in India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and the Maldives, in addition to cooperation with registered official and private charitable centers and associations, as well as prominent figures in those countries. On the thirteenth of Ramadan, the Ministry of Islamic Affairs implemented the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques’ date distribution program in Denmark and Lithuania, where two tons of dates were distributed, benefiting 8,000 people through mosques and Islamic centers in both countries.

A deeply rooted humanitarian approach

Abdullah Al-Hasani

The Kingdom’s leadership continues to consolidate its supreme values ​​toward its citizens, affirming through numerous decisions and initiatives the nature of Saudi society, based on solidarity and generosity. This continuation of charitable giving has made caring for people the top priority, which is reflected in the provision of dignified living. Anyone who follows this approach of our leadership will sense this compassion and concern, which are two fundamental pillars embedded in the minds and hearts of our leadership and its approach to governance. Perhaps a quick reading of the generous directive from the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz – may God protect him – and based on what His Highness the Crown Prince, Mohammed bin Salman – may God protect him – presented, to disburse more than three billion riyals as Ramadan aid to social security beneficiaries, reveals this humanitarian dimension of the leadership’s vision and its keenness to address the needs of citizens, especially during this blessed month. This support included the disbursement of 1,000 riyals to a family member and 500 riyals to each dependent. The funds will be deposited directly into the beneficiaries’ bank accounts, a practical affirmation of the rapid response and facilitation requirements for families in need, ensuring they receive support without complications or delays. This aid goes beyond being an economic initiative, emphasizing a consistent extension of a well-established approach to caring for deserving groups, improving the quality of life, and enhancing the standard of living, especially during the month of Ramadan, when the values ​​of solidarity and compassion are most clearly manifested. This generous royal directive proves the importance and role of our country and its commitment to raising the standard of living for the most needy groups. At the same time, it reflects the comprehensive vision presented by His Highness the Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman to achieve sustainable development and social welfare, which enhances the stability of society and facilitates a more prosperous future for citizens. This generous support comes to confirm that the Kingdom, under the leadership of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques and his faithful Crown Prince, is the homeland of humanity, whose humanitarian giving is not limited to its local and Arab surroundings, but rather extends to people in all corners of the earth. The Saudi citizen remains its symbolic capital, on which it relies and boasts of its giving, and that it lies at the heart of its concerns, which has translated its vision into initiatives that enhance the dignity of life and achieve the solidarity that embodies the spirit of this noble month.

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs condemns the targeting of the Somali President’s convoy.

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs expressed the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s condemnation and denunciation of the attack that targeted the convoy of His Excellency President Dr. Hassan Sheikh Mohamed, President of the Federal Republic of North Africa. The Kingdom affirmed its solidarity with the Federal Republic of North Africa and its people in the face of all threats to its security and stability, reiterating the Kingdom’s position rejecting all acts of violence, terrorism and extremism.

Polyethylene struggles with weak profit margins

Jubail Industrial City – Ibrahim Al-Ghamdi

The optimism of the past decade regarding sustainable growth in demand for petrochemicals fueled ambitious expansions in production capacity in Asian polyolefins markets. But the landscape has changed radically. Post-pandemic economic bottlenecks, rising costs, and changing consumption patterns amid an aging population have fundamentally upended the industry. Now, a wave of indefinite polyethylene plant closures is emerging in Southeast Asia, as producers struggle with weak profit margins, a supply surplus, and an uncertain future. As the region faces these challenges, questions arise about their impact on price trends and import flows. Will production cuts and supply constraints be sufficient to stabilize the market, or is this the beginning of a long-term stagnation for the petrochemical industry in Southeast Asia? Markets are experiencing a triple whammy of rising costs, oversupply, and weak demand. Major producers in the region have been forced to suspend operations or reduce operating rates for nearly two years due to persistently weak profit margins amid high heavy naphtha prices, weak demand, and a market oversupplied. Since the last quarter of 2024, the region has witnessed deeper production cuts and prolonged shutdowns. Langsen Petrochemicals Vietnam stands out with its large production capacities of ethylene, propylene, polyethylene, and polypropylene. It can be considered a completely new company after reaching production according to specifications in December 2023 and starting commercial production in January 2022.

Continuous Israeli airstrikes on Gaza, hundreds killed and wounded

Gaza – Nazir Taha

The ceasefire agreement was violated, and continuous airstrikes were launched on all areas of the Gaza Strip, leaving hundreds of martyrs and wounded, the majority of whom were children and women.
The Palestinian Ministry of Health said, in its latest report, that 429 people were killed and 612 wounded and hospitalized in hospitals in the Gaza Strip, as a result of the multiple attacks and massacres committed by the occupation since the early hours of Tuesday morning. Medical sources reported that 14 martyrs were transferred to hospitals in the Gaza Strip as a result of the occupation’s raids on various areas in Gaza last night. Yesterday morning, the occupation committed a massacre against the al-Hattab family in the al-Sabra neighborhood, south of Gaza City, after bombing the family’s four-story home, which contained more than 30 dead people. Medical sources explained that 4 martyrs and a number of wounded were transferred from the al-Hattab family home to the Baptist Hospital in Gaza City, while some are still under the rubble. The sources said that 10 martyrs were killed as a result of the occupation forces targeting a tent housing displaced people in the vicinity of the al-Masi area, southwest of Khan Yunis, in the southern Gaza Strip. A pregnant woman from the Al-Hamadi family and a child were killed, and three other civilians were injured as a result of the occupation’s bombing of a tent housing displaced people north of Khan Yanis, while four other civilians were killed as a result of the occupation’s aircraft targeting a tent housing displaced people opposite the Al-Kala Club west of Khan Yanis. Israeli helicopters fired at civilian homes west of the al-Nusraat refugee camp in the central Gaza Strip, and targeted civilian homes in the al-Bureij and Deir al-Balah areas. During the early morning hours, Israeli aircraft bombed a tent near the al-Mahta Park in the al-Tuffah neighborhood east of Gaza City, while launching a series of raids on areas in the northern Gaza Strip. In this context, Hamas’s political bureau member, Bassem Naim, confirmed that the latest Israeli military escalation endangers the lives of Israeli prisoners in the Gaza Strip. Naim said in a press statement: “This dangerous escalation, which has caused great material and human losses among the Palestinians, will not spare the Israeli prisoners, warning that their lives are now directly threatened.”

Lebanese measures to control the border with Syria

Yesterday, Wednesday, the Lebanese Army closed four illegal border crossings. The Army Command said in a press statement that “within the framework of monitoring and controlling the border in light of the current circumstances, and working to prevent infiltration and smuggling, an army unit closed the illegal crossings, namely Al-Matalaba in the Qasr-Hermel area, and Al-Fatha, Al-Maarawiya, and Sahit Al-Hajri in the Mashari’ Al-Qaa-Baalbek area.” Yesterday, Wednesday, the Lebanese army entered the border town of Has al-Sayyid Ali, and the National News Agency reported that this came after the withdrawal of secret groups from the town. Over the past two days, the Lebanese border villages and towns witnessed shelling from secret areas, resulting in the deaths of seven civilians and the wounding of 52 others, according to the Public Health Emergency Operations Center, affiliated with the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health, in a statement on Monday.

By Amjad Izhar
Contact: amjad.izhar@gmail.com
https://amjadizhar.blog

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