Al Riyadh Newspaper, March 6, 2025 King Salman’s Humanitarian Efforts, Regional Issues, Development Projects

These articles from “Al-Riyadh” newspaper cover a range of topics, primarily focusing on Saudi Arabia’s activities and initiatives both domestically and internationally during Ramadan. King Salman’s humanitarian efforts are highlighted through the distribution of dates to Muslims in numerous countries. The publication also reports on regional issues, including the Israeli blockade of Gaza and developments in the Syrian conflict. Domestically, articles discuss economic matters like gold prices and trade relations, social issues such as road safety and volunteer work during Ramadan, and development projects, including mosque renovations. Additionally, the paper features sports news, cultural commentary, and local announcements.

Saudi Arabia: Key Issues and Initiatives

Quiz

Answer the following questions in 2-3 sentences each.

1. According to the article, what has been a long-standing and firm issue for Saudi Arabia concerning Arab and Islamic nations?
2. What specific demand regarding Palestinian territories has Saudi Arabia consistently voiced, as mentioned in the text?
3. What was the main point of the resolution from the Arab and Islamic summit hosted by Saudi Arabia in November 2024?
4. What is the purpose of the “King’s Gifts to Muslims in 102 Countries” program carried out during Ramadan?
5. In which two countries were the Ramadan gift programs specifically mentioned as being implemented?
6. What is the stated goal of the international conference “Building Bridges Between Islamic Sects” held in Mecca?
7. Despite the ceasefire agreement mentioned in the context of Lebanon and Israel, what continued to occur?
8. What did the Saudi delegation affirm at the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons in The Hague?
9. What is the name of the campaign launched by the Emir of Qassim, and what is its primary objective?
10. According to the article, what is the role of the General Authority for the Affairs of the Two Holy Mosques and the Prophet’s Mosque regarding I’tikaf (spiritual retreat) during Ramadan?

Quiz Answer Key

1. The article states that the Palestinian issue has been a long-standing and firm issue for Saudi Arabia, considered the primary concern of Arabs and Muslims, stemming from convictions based on the principle of justice and the right of the Palestinian people to their land.
2. Saudi Arabia has consistently called for granting the Palestinian people their own independent state on the 1967 borders with Jerusalem as its capital.
3. The main point of the resolution from the Arab and Islamic summit in November 2024, hosted by Saudi Arabia, was the rejection of the forced displacement of Palestinian citizens from the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, forming a fundamental reference for the Arab stance against Israeli and American policies on this issue.
4. The purpose of the “King’s Gifts to Muslims in 102 Countries” program during Ramadan is to strengthen bonds of brotherhood and provide support to Muslims worldwide, sharing their joy during this holy month.
5. The Ramadan gift programs were specifically mentioned as being implemented in Russia (Moscow) and Egypt (Cairo).
6. The stated goal of the international conference “Building Bridges Between Islamic Sects” held in Mecca is to foster unity and understanding among different Islamic schools of thought and their scholars.
7. Despite the ceasefire agreement between Hezbollah and Israel in November, Israeli airstrikes continued to target locations and facilities of Hezbollah in southern Lebanon and its east.
8. The Saudi delegation at the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons in The Hague affirmed the Kingdom’s commitment to the provisions of the Chemical Weapons Convention.
9. The campaign launched by the Emir of Qassim is called “100 Pilgrims,” and its primary objective is to enable those most in need to perform the rituals of Umrah during the holy month of Ramadan, promoting social solidarity.
10. The General Authority for the Affairs of the Two Holy Mosques and the Prophet’s Mosque began receiving applications for I’tikaf in the Two Holy Mosques via its electronic portal, outlining the conditions and guidelines for those wishing to undertake the spiritual retreat during the last ten days of Ramadan.

Essay Format Questions

1. Analyze the key aspects of Saudi Arabia’s foreign policy regarding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict as presented in the article. Discuss the historical context, stated principles, and specific actions or resolutions mentioned to support your analysis.
2. Examine the significance of the “King’s Gifts to Muslims” program during Ramadan. How does this initiative reflect Saudi Arabia’s role and responsibilities within the broader Muslim world, and what are the potential social and religious impacts of such programs?
3. Discuss the factors contributing to the ongoing tensions and potential threats to peace in the regions surrounding Saudi Arabia, based on the information provided in the article regarding Lebanon, Israel, and the situation in Gaza.
4. Evaluate the various initiatives and programs highlighted in the article that demonstrate Saudi Arabia’s commitment to its national development and international standing. Consider examples related to religious affairs, social welfare, and economic diversification.
5. Based on the excerpts, discuss the role of Saudi Arabia in promoting Islamic solidarity and interfaith dialogue. Analyze the significance of hosting conferences like “Building Bridges Between Islamic Sects” and the broader implications for regional and global relations.

Glossary of Key Terms

• I’tikaf: An Islamic practice consisting of a period of retreat in a mosque for the purpose of worship and reflection, especially during the last ten days of Ramadan.
• Ramadan: The ninth month of the Islamic calendar, observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting, prayer, reflection, and community.
• Umrah: An Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca that can be undertaken at any time of the year, distinct from the Hajj which has specific dates.
• Palestinian Issue: Refers to the ongoing political conflict between Israelis and Palestinians over land and self-determination in the region of historical Palestine.
• Two Holy Mosques (Al-Haramain Al-Sharifain): Refers to the two most sacred mosques in Islam, the Masjid al-Haram (Grand Mosque) in Mecca and the Al-Masjid an-Nabawi (Prophet’s Mosque) in Medina, both located in Saudi Arabia.
• Ceasefire: An agreement to stop fighting, typically for a temporary period.
• Chemical Weapons Convention: An international treaty that outlaws the production, stockpiling, and use of chemical weapons and their precursors.
• Forced Displacement (Tehjeer): The involuntary movement of people from their homes or regions, often due to conflict, persecution, or policies.
• Humanitarian Aid: Assistance given to people in need, especially in situations of crisis such as war, natural disasters, or famine, aimed at alleviating suffering and preserving human dignity.
• Diplomatic Efforts: Actions taken by governments through negotiation and communication to manage international relations and resolve conflicts peacefully.

Arabic News Review: Saudi Arabia and Global Affairs

Here is a detailed briefing document summarizing the main themes and important ideas from the provided Arabic news excerpts:

Briefing Document: Key Themes and Ideas in Recent Arabic News

Date: October 26, 2023 (based on the provided issue date of March 6, 2025, but reflecting the news content’s likely timeframe) Source: Excerpts from “20707.pdf” ( جريدة الرياض – Al Riyadh Newspaper)

Overall Theme: The excerpts cover a range of domestic and international news, with a strong emphasis on Saudi Arabia’s role in regional and global affairs, particularly concerning the Palestinian issue, humanitarian aid, religious initiatives during Ramadan, economic developments, and domestic progress in various sectors.

Key Themes and Ideas:

1. Saudi Arabia and the Palestinian Issue:

• Principled and unwavering stance: Saudi Arabia maintains a long-standing and firm position on the Palestinian issue, considering it the “first cause” of Arabs and Muslims. This stance is based on the principle of justice and the rights of the Palestinian people.
• Quote: “.” (The Kingdom – and still is – and throughout long decades, has had firm and resolute stances regarding the Palestinian issue, which is the first cause of Arabs and Muslims, and these stances stemmed from firm convictions based on the principle of justice and the right of the people, and this unwavering stance has been its destiny.)
• Support for Palestinian statehood: The Kingdom calls for granting the Palestinian people their independent state on the 1967 borders with Jerusalem as its capital.
• Quote: .” (Rather, it was accompanied by a clear voice calling for granting the Palestinian people their state and establishing their rights, the independent Palestinian state on the 1967 borders with Jerusalem as its capital.)
• Rejection of forced displacement: The resolutions of the Arab and Islamic summit hosted by Saudi Arabia in November 2024 emphasized the rejection of the displacement of Palestinian citizens, considering it a fundamental reference for the Arab stance against Israeli and American plans regarding the Gaza Strip and the West Bank.
• Quote: ” (We should not overlook the significance of the resolutions of the Arab and Islamic Summit hosted by the Kingdom in last November (2024), especially its resolution including the rejection of the displacement of Palestinian citizens; as it formed a fundamental reference for the Arab stance against clear Israeli and American trends regarding the displacement of Palestinians from the Gaza Strip and the situation in the West Bank and the annexation of Gaza… The Kingdom, with its partners in the ministerial committee… and the Arab and Islamic global alliance… launched an initiative… and hosted the first meeting in Riyadh with the participation of about 90 countries… considered an international conference and a clear indication of the sincere desire to establish peace and establish the [Palestinian] state.)

2. Humanitarian Aid and Ramadan Initiatives:

• Gifts from the King to Muslims globally: The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques is providing gifts of dates to Muslims in 102 countries during the holy month of Ramadan. This aims to strengthen the bonds of brotherhood and support Muslims worldwide in celebrating the month.
• Quote: ” (The Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Endowments, Dawah and Guidance continues to implement the program of distributing dates, the gift of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, within an initiative it implements in (102) countries during the blessed month of Ramadan.)
• Implementation in various countries: The distribution has already taken place in Russia and Egypt, with significant quantities of dates allocated to benefit tens of thousands of people.
• Example: Five tons of dates were allocated for 20,000 people in Russia.
• Continuation of Iftar and Date Distribution Programs: The Kingdom continues to implement programs for providing Iftar meals to those fasting and distributing dates during Ramadan in various countries like Kazakhstan.
• Example: 10 tons of dates were provided to around 15,000 beneficiaries in Kazakhstan.
• Aid to Sudan: The Kingdom has launched the third phase of a project to support food security in Sudan for 2025, distributing food baskets to displaced persons and returnees in several states.

3. Religious and Cultural Initiatives:

• Conference on Building Bridges Between Islamic Schools of Thought: A conference under the patronage of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques is being held in Mecca, organized by the Muslim World League, with the participation of prominent scholars and muftis from various Islamic schools of thought and regions.
• Quote: “برعاية خادم الحرمين.. مؤتمر بناء الجسور بين المذاهب اإلسالمية ينطلق بمكة” (Under the patronage of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques… Conference on building bridges between Islamic schools of thought launches in Mecca.)
• Development of Historical Mosques: The second phase of a project to develop historical mosques has been launched, including the renovation and restoration of 30 mosques in 10 regions, aiming to revive their role in worship and highlight the Kingdom’s cultural and historical depth.
• “Alaa” Program: A program focusing on appreciating God’s blessings and raising religious and cultural awareness, involving media teams from Saudi Arabia and other Islamic countries.
• Quote: (The message of the “Alaa” program focuses on the importance of reflecting upon the blessings that God has bestowed upon us, based on the noble Quranic verse: “So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?” (Ar-Rahman: 13). The program aims to enhance religious and cultural awareness among the public.)
• Increased Readiness at the Grand Mosque during Ramadan: The General Presidency for the Affairs of the Two Holy Mosques has increased its readiness to serve pilgrims and worshippers during Ramadan, with enhanced medical and ambulance teams.
• Iftar Meal Distribution by Ikram Association: The Ikram Food Security Association in Mecca aims to distribute over a million Iftar meals during Ramadan, adhering to standards set by the General Presidency for the Affairs of the Two Holy Mosques.

4. Economic Developments and Global Trade:

• OPEC+ Decision on Oil Production: OPEC+ has decided to increase oil production for the first time since 2022, starting with a small increase in April. This follows previous significant production cuts.
• Impact of US Tariffs: New US tariffs on imports from Mexico and Canada, as well as increased tariffs on Chinese goods, have come into effect, raising concerns about trade wars and their negative impact on global economic growth and inflation.
• Quote: (A customs tariff of 25% on all imports from Mexico, a customs tariff of 10% on Canadian energy, and the doubling of customs duties on Chinese goods to 20% came into effect on Tuesday.)
• Gold as a Safe Haven: Gold prices have seen fluctuations but generally remain sought after as a safe haven amid economic uncertainty and trade tensions.
• Quote: (Tim Waterer, chief market analyst at KCM Trade, said, “I still expect gold to remain in demand while the state of uncertainty surrounding international trade remains a key characteristic and has entered the market.”)
• Digital Marketing Trends in 2025: The digital marketing landscape is rapidly evolving, with increased reliance on data analysis, AI, personalized experiences, social commerce, and influencer marketing.

5. Domestic Progress and Initiatives:

• Najran Governor Reviews Civil Defense Report: The Governor of Najran province received the annual report of the Civil Defense Directorate in the region, commending their efforts in maintaining safety and security and preparing for natural and industrial hazards.
• Eastern Province Governor Acknowledges Chamber of Commerce Achievements: The Governor of the Eastern Province reviewed the achievements of the Eastern Province Chamber of Commerce, particularly in training and supporting the business sector.
• Qassim Governor Launches “100 Umrah Performers” Campaign: The Governor of Qassim launched an initiative to enable those in need to perform Umrah during Ramadan, highlighting the importance of social solidarity.
• Deputy Governor of Mecca Inaugurates Quran Museum: The Deputy Governor of Mecca inaugurated the Holy Quran Museum, a major cultural and enriching destination showcasing the history and significance of the Quran using modern technologies.
• Eastern Province Deputy Governor Reviews Youth Empowerment Initiatives: The Deputy Governor of the Eastern Province reviewed initiatives aimed at training and qualifying young men and women for the labor market.
• Saudi Arabia’s Commitment to the Chemical Weapons Convention: The Kingdom’s delegation participated in the Executive Council meeting of the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons in The Hague, reaffirming its commitment to the convention.
• Progress in the Justice Sector: Saudi Arabia has made significant advancements in digitizing judicial services and enhancing real estate security through initiatives like the Real Estate Identity system.
• Quote: (The Kingdom is considered one of the first countries that worked on them, and with the testimony of the World Bank, the Ministry was able, during the period between 2021 and 2024, to digitize more than 200 million judicial documents, linked to 250 courts and notary offices, and to understand what ranks Saudi Arabia in the justice sector globally, there is no harm in recalling the best global experiences in electronic services, such as the experiences of Estonia and South Korea…)
• “Handicrafts Year 2025” Initiative: The year 2025 has been designated as the Year of Handicrafts in Saudi Arabia to preserve and promote traditional crafts as a vital part of the Kingdom’s cultural heritage.

6. International Relations and Conflicts:

• Stalled Peace Agreement in Southern Sudan: Developments threaten the peace agreement in South Sudan following the arrest of a senior SPLM-IO leader.
• Lebanon and Syria Emphasize Border Control: The presidents of Lebanon and Syria met and stressed the “necessity” of controlling the borders between the two countries, particularly concerning smuggling.
• Syria’s Participation in OPCW Meeting: The Syrian Foreign Minister announced his participation in a meeting of the Executive Council of the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, marking the first such participation since the ouster of Bashar al-Assad.

7. Social and Cultural Commentary:

• Ramadan as a Time for Reflection and Renewal: The excerpts highlight the spiritual and social significance of Ramadan, with discussions about changes in daily routines, the flourishing of literary gatherings, and the opportunity for inner purification.
• Lebanese Drama Series “Bil-Dam” (With Blood): A Lebanese drama series dealing with sensitive social issues like child trafficking and illegal adoption is gaining attention.
• Saudi Filmmaker at the Oscars: Saudi filmmaker Hakim Jomah attended the 97th Academy Awards, expressing his hope to participate as a nominee in the future and highlighting the growing potential of Saudi cinema.
• Impact of Fasting on Health and Immunity: Articles discuss the health benefits of fasting during Ramadan, including its potential to enhance the immune system.
• The Story of a Mosquito: An article reflects on the intricate creation of even small creatures like mosquitoes.

8. Sports News:

• Saudi Professional League Matches: Reports preview and cover matches in the Roshn Saudi League, including key fixtures involving Al-Ittihad, Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Khulood, and others, highlighting the competition for the league title and efforts to avoid relegation.
• Al-Hilal’s Performance Dip: There is discussion about Al-Hilal’s recent decline in performance in both domestic and Asian competitions, despite a strong start to the season.
• Real Sociedad vs. Manchester United in Europa League: A preview of the Europa League match between Real Sociedad and Manchester United, noting both teams’ struggles in their domestic leagues.
• Al-Nassr’s Asian Champions League Ambitions: A mention of Al-Nassr’s need to win their second-leg match to qualify for the quarter-finals of the Asian Champions League.

9. Other Notable Points:

• Reopening of the Saudi Embassy in Somalia: The Saudi embassy in Somalia has officially reopened after being closed for several years.
• Preparations for Itikaf in the Two Holy Mosques: The General Presidency for the Affairs of the Two Holy Mosques has begun receiving applications for Itikaf (seclusion for worship) in the Grand Mosque and the Prophet’s Mosque during the last ten days of Ramadan.
• World Obesity Day: The Public Health Authority participated in World Obesity Day, raising awareness about healthy practices for children and combating obesity, aligning with the goals of Saudi Vision 2030.
• Increased Demand for Traditional Pottery in Jazan during Ramadan: Markets in the Jazan region are witnessing increased demand for traditional pottery and handicrafts during the month of Ramadan.

This briefing document provides a comprehensive overview of the key themes and important ideas presented in the provided news excerpts, highlighting Saudi Arabia’s multifaceted engagement on both domestic and international fronts.

Saudi Arabia: Foreign Policy, Humanitarian Aid, and Cultural Initiatives

FAQ on Themes and Ideas from the Provided Sources

Q1: What are the main foreign policy stances of Saudi Arabia as highlighted in the excerpts, particularly concerning the Palestinian issue? Saudi Arabia maintains a firm and unwavering stance on the Palestinian issue, viewing it as the primary concern for Arabs and Muslims. This position is rooted in principles of justice and the right of the Palestinian people to their own independent state, with borders based on the 1967 lines and East Jerusalem as its capital. The Kingdom has consistently provided diplomatic and political support, as well as extensive humanitarian and relief aid to Palestinians. It has also vocally advocated for Palestinian rights on the international stage. Furthermore, Saudi Arabia hosted and played a significant role in the Arab and Islamic Summit in November 2024, which notably rejected the forced displacement of Palestinians.

Q2: How does Saudi Arabia demonstrate its commitment to Muslims worldwide during the month of Ramadan, according to the text? During Ramadan, Saudi Arabia implements several initiatives to support Muslims globally. The “Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques’ Gift Program” distributes dates to Muslims in 102 countries to foster brotherhood and share the joy of the holy month. This program is executed through Saudi embassies, such as in Moscow and Cairo, reaching tens of thousands of individuals. Additionally, the Kingdom continues its program for Iftar meals for those fasting. These efforts reflect Saudi Arabia’s leading humanitarian and pioneering role in supporting Muslims around the world during Ramadan, a commitment acknowledged and appreciated by religious leaders and communities internationally.

Q3: What was the purpose and significance of the “Building Bridges Between Islamic Sects” conference held in Mecca? Sponsored by the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques and organized by the Muslim World League, the second edition of the “Building Bridges Between Islamic Sects” international conference in Mecca aimed to foster understanding and unity among various Islamic schools of thought and their scholars. The conference, attended by prominent Muftis and scholars from over 90 countries representing diverse Islamic مذاهب and schools, underscores Saudi Arabia’s commitment to promoting dialogue and cooperation within the Islamic world. It is considered a global initiative and a testament to the sincere desire to establish peace and build bridges among different Islamic perspectives.

Q4: What are some of the humanitarian efforts undertaken by Saudi Arabia, specifically mentioning the initiatives highlighted in the text? Saudi Arabia engages in various humanitarian efforts, particularly focused on supporting Muslims and others in need. These include the distribution of dates to 102 countries during Ramadan, providing Iftar meals for those fasting, and delivering food baskets to those affected by crises, such as in Sudan. The Kingdom also launched the “100 Umrah Pilgrims” campaign in the Qassim region, facilitating Umrah for those with the greatest need during Ramadan. Moreover, Saudi Arabia is actively involved in addressing the humanitarian crisis in Gaza, condemning the obstruction of aid and supporting the Palestinian people. These diverse initiatives demonstrate a broad commitment to humanitarian principles and providing essential assistance on both regional and global scales.

Q5: What are the key features and objectives of Saudi Arabia’s initiatives related to the development and preservation of historical and religious sites? Saudi Arabia places significant emphasis on the development and preservation of its historical and religious heritage. The initiatives include the rehabilitation and restoration of historical mosques across 10 regions, aiming to preserve their architectural authenticity, cultural significance, and role in worship. The opening of the Holy Quran Museum in Mecca showcases a comprehensive collection that integrates knowledge with modern technologies, offering an interactive experience for visitors to learn about the Quran’s history and the care it has received. These efforts align with Saudi Vision 2030, which focuses on preserving national heritage and highlighting the Kingdom’s cultural and historical dimensions.

Q6: How is Saudi Arabia leveraging digital technology and innovation to enhance services and achieve its Vision 2030 goals, as seen in the provided excerpts? Saudi Arabia is actively integrating digital technology and innovation across various sectors to improve efficiency and meet the objectives of Vision 2030. In the justice sector, over 200 million judicial documents have been digitized, enhancing the security and reliability of real estate ownership through initiatives like the Real Estate Identity. The General Authority for Food and Drug Administration is using digital platforms to raise health awareness. Furthermore, the digital transformation extends to the management of Hajj and Umrah, with online platforms for Itikaf registration at the Two Holy Mosques. These examples illustrate a broad commitment to leveraging technology to streamline processes, improve services, and achieve the strategic goals of Vision 2030.

Q7: What are the main challenges and ongoing conflicts discussed in the text that involve regional and international actors? The excerpts highlight several ongoing conflicts and challenges with regional and international implications. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict remains a central issue, with continued blockades of aid to Gaza and military operations. The conflict between Hezbollah and Israel persists despite ceasefire attempts. In South Sudan, the peace agreement faces threats due to ongoing instability and potential for renewed conflict. Additionally, the civil war in Sudan continues to cause a severe humanitarian crisis. The conflict in Ukraine also features, with discussions around NATO’s role and the potential for escalation. These situations involve various regional and global actors and present significant challenges to peace and stability.

Q8: How is the concept of cultural heritage and its preservation being emphasized in Saudi Arabia, as indicated in the excerpts? Saudi Arabia is actively emphasizing the importance of cultural heritage and its preservation. The year 2025 has been designated as the “Year of Handicrafts,” underscoring the cultural and economic significance of traditional crafts. This initiative aims to recognize artisans, preserve traditional skills from being lost to globalization, and celebrate handicrafts as an integral part of national heritage. The establishment of the “Aaysaan” project in Diriyah, the birthplace of the first Saudi state, aims to build a generation that values its heritage and transmits it to future generations, aligning with Vision 2030’s focus on strengthening national identity and highlighting the Kingdom’s cultural depth. These efforts demonstrate a commitment to safeguarding and promoting Saudi Arabia’s rich cultural legacy.

The Observance and Significance of Ramadan

Based on the sources, Ramadan is a significant month with various activities centered around religious observance, charity, community engagement, and personal reflection.

Religious Observances: The most central activity during Ramadan is fasting (Sawm), which is the fourth pillar of Islam. This involves abstaining from food and drink from dawn till dusk and is considered to have both spiritual and health benefits.

Charitable Activities: The sources highlight significant charitable efforts undertaken during Ramadan. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia actively distributes dates and iftar meals to Muslims in various countries, including Cameroon, Gabon, and Kazakhstan, during the holy month. This initiative is part of the Kingdom’s ongoing support for its brethren. Additionally, food baskets are distributed to the needy in locations such as the suburbs of Damascus in Syria, central Java in Indonesia, and Albasan Governorate in Albania.

Community and Social Engagement: Even in non-Islamic countries where Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha are not official holidays, Muslims organize Eid prayers and gatherings in mosques or open spaces. They also maintain traditions like family visits and exchanging greetings. Due to geographical distances, modern communication methods like phone and video calls are used to share Eid moments with relatives in their home countries.

Spiritual Reflection and Development: Ramadan is described as a month that enriches the soul, with altered patterns of reading and writing. It is a time for contemplation and renewal, not just on a religious level but also intellectually. Sufis seek closeness to God during this month. The fasting experience is portrayed by Saudi poets and writers as a time for reflective engagement with life. Islamic organizations support projects that positively impact the daily lives of Muslims and promote Islamic values during Ramadan.

Managing Daily Life and Productivity: The change in daily routines during Ramadan requires effective time management to maintain productivity. Some companies in certain countries reduce working hours to allow employees to redistribute their efforts more efficiently. Maintaining healthy habits during fasting is crucial for sustaining energy and focus.

I’tikaf: For those in Saudi Arabia, a service is available to issue permits for I’tikaf, which is seclusion in a mosque, during the last ten days of Ramadan.

Cultural Significance: The inauguration of the Holy Quran Museum in Mecca coincides with this period, underscoring the emphasis on religious heritage. Traditional handicrafts are also part of the cultural landscape, with potential for increased activity or appreciation during Ramadan.

In summary, Ramadan is depicted as a multifaceted month characterized by intense religious devotion through fasting and prayer, significant charitable activities, strong community bonds, a focus on spiritual and intellectual reflection, adjustments to daily routines and productivity, and a heightened appreciation for religious culture and heritage.

Ramadan Food Aid Distribution: Global Efforts and Obstacles

Based on the sources and our previous discussion, the distribution of food aid is a prominent activity, particularly during the month of Ramadan.

Key aspects of food aid distribution highlighted in the sources:

• Distributors: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a major contributor to food aid distribution. The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques initiates programs to provide aid to Muslims in numerous countries. The Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance is involved in implementing these programs, specifically the distribution of dates. The King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Centre acts as the Kingdom’s arm for humanitarian and relief efforts, working to alleviate the suffering of the needy and afflicted.
• Types of Aid: Dates are a specific type of food aid frequently distributed by Saudi Arabia during Ramadan. The provision of iftar meals is also a part of the Kingdom’s charitable activities during the holy month, as mentioned in our previous conversation. Food baskets are also distributed to those in need in various locations [our conversation history].
• Beneficiaries and Locations: Food aid reaches Muslims in various countries around the world. Specific examples mentioned in the sources and our history include Russia, Egypt, Hungary, Cameroon, Gabon, Kazakhstan [our conversation history], suburbs of Damascus in Syria, central Java in Indonesia, and Albasan Governorate in Albania [our conversation history]. The aim is to support Muslims and share their joy during Ramadan.
• Purpose: The distribution of food aid aims to strengthen bonds of brotherhood and provide support to Muslims globally. It is an expression of the continuous charitable giving of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques to brethren. The broader goal is to alleviate the suffering of the needy and afflicted in various parts of the world.
• Challenges: In contrast to the distribution efforts, one source highlights the prevention of aid from entering Gaza by the occupation, leading to the return of famine conditions. This underscores that while aid is being distributed in many places, there are also significant obstacles to delivering essential food supplies in certain critical areas.

In summary, the distribution of food aid, particularly dates and iftar meals, is a significant charitable undertaking by Saudi Arabia during Ramadan, reaching numerous Muslim communities worldwide. However, the sources also point to the unfortunate reality of aid blockades preventing essential supplies from reaching those in dire need, such as in Gaza.

Global Diplomatic, Humanitarian, and Political Affairs

Based on the sources and our previous discussion, several aspects of international relations are evident:

• Diplomatic Efforts and Conflict Resolution: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is actively involved in international diplomacy, as seen in its efforts to address the crisis in Sudan. The Kingdom aims to achieve a ceasefire, stability, the return of displaced persons, and a political future that safeguards Sudan’s security, sovereignty, unity, and stability while preventing external interference. This highlights a proactive role in regional conflict resolution.
• Humanitarian Aid and International Solidarity: The sources emphasize the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s significant role in providing humanitarian aid to various countries. This is exemplified by the distribution of dates and iftar meals to Muslims in 102 countries during Ramadan. This initiative, carried out by the Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance and supported by the directives of the leadership, aims to strengthen bonds of brotherhood and provide support to Muslims worldwide. Countries like Kazakhstan have expressed their deep appreciation for this continuous charitable giving, highlighting the strengthening of bilateral relations through aid. The King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Centre is also a key organization in the Kingdom’s international humanitarian efforts.
• Islamic Cooperation and Unity: The Muslim World League plays a role in fostering unity among Islamic schools of thought, building bridges, and coordinating stances to address common challenges. It aims to promote moderation and counter sectarianism. Similarly, the University of Islamic Jurisprudence works to coordinate positions among forces of Islamic moderation to serve the Islamic nation and confront extremism. The expressions of thanks and appreciation from scholars worldwide to the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques and the Crown Prince underscore the recognition of their efforts in supporting Islam and Muslims globally.
• Regional Conflicts and Security Concerns: The sources report on Israeli airstrikes in southern Lebanon, indicating ongoing regional tensions and security issues. Additionally, there are reports about the prevention of aid from entering Gaza, highlighting the severe humanitarian consequences of the ongoing conflict and occupation. The situation in South Sudan, with the arrest of a senior military official, also points to internal conflicts with potential regional implications.
• International Agreements and Organizations: The participation of Syria in a meeting of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) in The Hague demonstrates engagement with international regulatory bodies. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s reaffirmation of its commitment to the Chemical Weapons Convention and its support for resolving the Syrian chemical file highlight the importance of international agreements in maintaining global security.
• Global Economy and Trade Relations: Discussions about oil markets and the impact of US tariffs and retaliatory tariffs illustrate the interconnectedness of the global economy and the potential for trade disputes to affect international relations. The consideration by Japan and South Korea to increase imports of US natural gas indicates evolving energy security strategies and trade partnerships.
• Bilateral Relations: The congratulatory message sent by the Crown Prince to the Austrian Chancellor on the formation of the new government is an example of routine diplomatic engagement and the maintenance of bilateral relations between nations.
• Proposed Approaches to International Conflicts: Former US President Trump’s proposed three-pronged approach to the Ukraine-Russia conflict provides an example of different perspectives and strategies for addressing major international conflicts, involving diplomatic pressure, the role of proxy actors, and the involvement of international alliances like NATO.
• Impact of Internal Political Processes on International Relations: The announcements regarding the postponement of elections in Libya and the setting of new dates demonstrate how internal political developments within a country can have implications for its international standing and relationships.

In summary, the sources reveal a complex web of international relations involving diplomatic efforts, humanitarian aid, religious cooperation, regional conflicts, adherence to international agreements, economic interdependence, and bilateral engagements. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia emerges as a significant actor in these relations, actively engaged in conflict resolution, providing substantial humanitarian assistance, and fostering Islamic unity. However, the sources also highlight ongoing challenges such as regional conflicts and obstacles to delivering aid in certain areas.

Insights on Health, Safety, and Well-being

Based on the sources, several aspects related to health and safety are discussed:

• Health Benefits of Fasting: Source and discuss the health aspects of fasting during Ramadan. Fasting can be motivated by religious reasons or for physical health. It is considered one of the main methods to maintain the body’s overall health and is seen as a form of an important dietary regimen. Recent studies mentioned in indicate that regular fasting for extended periods can help improve general health and maintain a healthy body weight. Furthermore, fasting may increase the efficiency of immune cells, such as white blood cells and T-cells, contributing to the body’s ability to activate immune responses and resist foreign bodies. The body may initially destroy some white blood cells during fasting to provide energy, but it quickly returns to stimulate the production of new cells, thereby enhancing the immune system’s efficiency. A study in the “Immunity and Ageing” journal suggests that intense fasting for specific periods stimulates the efficiency of the immune system by activating the complement system on the surface of red blood cells, potentially helping to eliminate infections. Another study in “Cell Report” indicated that fasting increases levels of Arachidonic Acid, which can help reduce excessive immune responses, potentially lowering the risk of autoimmune diseases. Source mentions the saying “fast to be healthy,” linking fasting to overall well-being.
• Importance of Diet During Ramadan: Source and highlight the significance of breaking the fast with dates and water. Dates are rich in nutrients, fiber, vitamins, and minerals that support body health and are an ideal choice to break the fast, minimizing digestive issues. Drinking water at regular intervals between iftar and suhoor is crucial for maintaining fluid balance, preventing dehydration, and reducing feelings of thirst and fatigue.
• Public Safety and Civil Defense: Source emphasizes the importance of preventative measures and public safety for preserving lives and property in the Najran region and its governorates. The text mentions the efforts of Civil Defense personnel and the necessity of preparedness to deal with natural and industrial hazards and the development of civil protection plans.
• Occupational Safety: Source reports an incident in southern Lebanon where two brothers working on collecting scrap metal were injured in Israeli strikes, highlighting the dangers present in conflict zones and the risks faced by civilians.
• Road Safety: Source mentions traffic accidents as one type of case that might be handled by a potential virtual judge, implying the ongoing issue of road safety and the legal processes involved in accidents.
• Health Awareness and Education: Source underscores the importance of health awareness in children, particularly regarding healthy habits like drinking water and natural juices instead of sugary drinks and reducing the consumption of fast food, which are considered major factors contributing to increasing rates of obesity and related health problems in children. It also advises on healthier cooking methods like grilling and baking instead of frying.
• Workplace Health and Productivity During Ramadan: Source,, and discuss the perception that work efficiency might decrease during Ramadan due to fasting. However, it argues that if individuals focus on the benefits of fasting, manage their time effectively, maintain a healthy diet during non-fasting hours, and get sufficient rest, they can sustain their work performance. Some companies even reduce working hours to improve efficiency. The text emphasizes that maintaining healthy habits during Ramadan ensures the continuation of work with the same quality. It also notes that fasting can help the body eliminate toxins and promote a feeling of lightness and activity with a balanced diet. Addressing issues like headaches, often caused by insufficient water intake, and avoiding heavy meals at iftar are important for maintaining well-being during the working day.

In summary, the sources touch upon various aspects of health and safety, including the physiological effects and potential benefits of fasting during Ramadan, the importance of dietary choices and hydration, public safety measures and civil defense preparedness, occupational hazards in conflict zones, road safety concerns, the need for health awareness and education, particularly for children, and strategies for maintaining workplace health and productivity while fasting.

Global Economic Trends and Sector Developments

Based on the sources, several aspects of economic impacts are discussed:

• Impact of Tariffs and Trade Relations: The imposition of tariffs by the United States on goods from Canada, Mexico, and China is a recurring theme, with potential significant economic impacts. These tariffs, such as the 25% tariff on all imports from Mexico and the 10% tariff on Canadian energy and the doubling of tariffs on Chinese goods to 20%, are expected to slow economic growth and reduce demand for fuel. Concerns also exist that these actions could reignite a trade war and escalate global inflation. Retaliatory tariffs imposed by countries like Canada on American imports and by China on US agricultural products are also noted. These trade tensions create uncertainty in the global economy, potentially impacting investment and consumer behavior. The potential for tariffs to push inflation higher is also highlighted. However, in times of economic uncertainty caused by tariffs, gold can become a safe-haven asset, increasing its attractiveness.
• Oil Markets and Production: The sources discuss the stabilization of oil prices after reaching low levels due to concerns about the impact of US tariffs on economic growth and fuel demand. The decision by OPEC+ (including Russia) to increase oil production for the first time since 2022 is reported. This small increase of 138,000 barrels per day starting in April marks a step towards potentially reversing larger previous production cuts. However, the market remains under pressure with the anticipation of this increased production and the potential return of Russian oil supplies due to optimism about a resolution in the Ukraine conflict. China, a major oil importer, has set an economic growth target of around 5% for 2025 and is implementing stimulus measures, which could influence oil demand. Changes in Venezuelan oil exports and US policy towards Chevron’s operations in Venezuela are also noted as factors affecting the global oil market.
• Growth of Digital Marketing: The sources indicate the tremendous evolution of digital marketing driven by technological advancements and changing consumer habits. Digital marketing is no longer just an option but a necessity for organizations. Innovations like content marketing, artificial intelligence (AI), and integrated electronic commerce experiences are making digital marketing more intelligent and effective. AI, through machine learning algorithms, enables personalized recommendations, customer service via chatbots, and automation of marketing processes, enhancing efficiency and return on investment. High-quality content creation and search engine optimization (SEO) are also crucial drivers in digital marketing.
• Development of the Saudi Arabian Furniture Industry: The furniture industry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is identified as an important sector reflecting the society’s aesthetic taste and interest in functionality. The sector has witnessed significant development in recent years, blending heritage with modernity to create a unique identity. Saudi furniture is being exported to various countries, enhancing the Kingdom’s position in design and manufacturing. The industry emphasizes its connection to cultural identity and local heritage, incorporating traditional motifs and using high-quality local materials. Innovation in sustainable materials and alignment with global trends while preserving national identity are also key features.
• Economic Significance of Cultural and Creative Industries: The sources highlight the cultural and creative industries and handicrafts as significant sectors of the global economy and trade, offering new opportunities for developing countries. Handicrafts, in particular, represent a substantial portion of global output, with a continuous increase. The transition towards viewing cultural heritage as a basis for creative industries is considered highly important for economic transformation.
• Economic Impact of Health Issues: Source mentions that the increasing rate of obesity in children has health and related problems and requires societal awareness. While not explicitly detailed, health issues like obesity can have long-term economic impacts on healthcare costs and productivity.

In summary, the sources highlight significant economic impacts arising from international trade policies, particularly the US tariffs and retaliatory measures, which create uncertainty and can affect growth and inflation. The oil market remains a crucial area with its dynamics influenced by production decisions and geopolitical factors. Simultaneously, sectors like digital marketing, the Saudi Arabian furniture industry, and cultural and creative industries are experiencing growth and contributing to the economy. Health-related issues also carry potential long-term economic implications.

By Amjad Izhar
Contact: amjad.izhar@gmail.com
https://amjadizhar.blog

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