This text presents a discussion on modern dating dynamics, focusing on the perspectives of men and women. Men, it argues, are increasingly setting higher standards and prioritizing women who add value to their lives, avoiding those perceived as carrying excessive baggage or drama, particularly single mothers with multiple children from different fathers. Women, conversely, are often seen as seeking financially secure men to solve their problems, sometimes promoting the idea that motherhood inherently fosters maturity. The author ultimately criticizes this narrative as unrealistic and irresponsible, advocating for greater responsibility and planning in relationships and family formation.

Relationships and Modern Dating Dynamics

Quiz

Instructions: Answer the following questions in 2-3 sentences each.

1. According to the speaker, what are women doing that negatively impacts men’s peace, freedom, and happiness?
2. What “baggage” do many women carry, according to the text?
3. Why are men becoming more selective about whom they date?
4. What does the speaker mean by a woman who “matches” a man?
5. How does the speaker describe the concept of “value” in the context of relationships?
6. What does the speaker say about women who are single mothers?
7. What does the speaker mean when she says “men are not going for that?”
8. What is the “baby mama epidemic” as described in the text?
9. What are some of the negative things that can come with motherhood, according to the speaker?
10. What are some specific issues men might face when dating single mothers that the speaker brings up?

Answer Key

1. The speaker asserts that women are attempting to control and manipulate men, hindering their peace, freedom, happiness, and financial stability. They are doing so by not allowing men to have standards and boundaries.
2. According to the text, many women come with “baggage,” including unresolved trauma, heartache, and drama that they themselves refuse to confront and resolve.
3. Men are becoming more selective because they have accumulated resources, status, and/or wealth and want to protect their achievements. They are seeking partners who will contribute positively to their lives, not diminish them.
4. The speaker defines a “matching” woman as one who compliments and adds to a man’s life, rather than competing with him or being a burden. She should contribute to his empire and enhance it.
5. “Value” in relationships, according to the text, is a woman’s ability to be an asset to a man’s life by complementing him, adding to his goals, being a helper, not creating more problems, and not diminishing his accomplishments.
6. The speaker suggests that some single mothers are irresponsible, look for men to solve their problems, and have an agenda. She does however state that single mothers can be more mature due to the growth that occurs when raising a child.
7. When the speaker says, “men are not going for that,” she means that men are no longer willing to date women with significant baggage or assume responsibility for children that are not theirs.
8. The “baby mama epidemic,” as described in the text, refers to a trend of women having children with irresponsible men and then expecting other men to come in and rescue them.
9. According to the speaker, motherhood can lead to setbacks, holding women back, and stunting their growth by requiring the dedication of all their time and energy to raising a child, and the neglect of personal aspirations.
10. Some issues men may face when dating single mothers include having their efforts undermined, children saying “you’re not my dad,” and the single mother preventing contact with the children if there is a break-up.

Essay Questions

Instructions: Develop a full essay response to each of the following questions using direct examples and evidence from the text.

1. Analyze the speaker’s perspective on traditional gender roles within relationships.
2. Explore the speaker’s criticism of women in contemporary society, focusing on her views about single mothers and their expectations.
3. Discuss the significance of “value” in the speaker’s view of modern dating, and consider how this concept might differ from other perspectives.
4. Evaluate the argument made in the text that men today are becoming more selective, citing examples of what they want in a partner.
5. What, according to the text, are the social and personal ramifications of having children outside of marriage?

Glossary

Baggage: Unresolved emotional issues, traumas, or past experiences that can negatively affect a person’s current relationships and life.

Deadbeat (Baby Daddy/Mama): A parent who does not provide financial or emotional support to their child, often being absent in the child’s life.

Empire: The metaphorical construct of a person’s life, encompassing their achievements, goals, and resources that they have built or acquired.

Match (in the context of relationships): To complement a person’s strengths, goals, and lifestyle, rather than to compete with them or create more problems. To add value to their lives.

Multi Baby Mama: A woman who has had children with multiple partners, often seen as a sign of irresponsibility or lack of judgment.

Pander: To cater to or exploit the desires or interests of others, often for personal gain or approval.

Safety Net: A person or thing that provides security or protection in times of need or when things go wrong.

Single Mother: A woman raising a child or children without the presence of the other parent. Can be the cause of both praise for her strength and criticism for irresponsibility.

Standards (in relationships): The criteria a person uses to evaluate potential partners, often involving expectations regarding character, values, and lifestyle compatibility.

Value (in relationships): The positive contribution a partner can make to one’s life, which includes supporting goals, being a helper, not a hindrance, and being complementary to their aspirations.

Modern Dating Dynamics: Men’s Shifting Preferences

Okay, here’s a detailed briefing document analyzing the provided text, focusing on the main themes, ideas, and facts presented:

Briefing Document: Analysis of “Pasted Text” Excerpts

I. Overall Theme:

The central theme of this text revolves around the changing dynamics of dating and relationships, particularly the perspective of men who are increasingly selective and strategic, especially when it comes to women with “baggage,” specifically single mothers. The speaker presents a strong argument that many modern men are rejecting the idea of being a “rescue” for women and their children, instead prioritizing women who are an asset and a complement to their already established lives. The text also criticizes the idea that being a single mother makes women inherently more mature or desirable.

II. Key Ideas and Arguments:

• Men’s Increased Selectivity: The speaker argues that men, especially those who have achieved a certain level of success (“men of means”), are becoming increasingly selective about their partners. They are looking for women who will enhance their lives, not complicate them. As the speaker states, they want “a woman that is going to help him to add on to his Empire, a woman that is not going to diminish deplete what he already has going on.”
• The “Baggage” of Single Mothers: A recurring theme is the perception of single mothers as having excessive “baggage” – including past trauma, drama, children with absent fathers, and financial burdens. The speaker claims that “a lot of women today come with a lot of baggage a lot of damage a lot of Heartache a lot of trauma and drama.” There is a strong implication that these women are looking for men to “clean it up and fix it up,” rather than contributing equally to a relationship.
• Rejection of the “Rescue” Narrative: The speaker explicitly states that men are “refusing to be Bamboozled and tricked out of their spots” by single mothers who expect them to become the sole provider and father figure for their children. They are no longer willing to “take on the additional role and responsibility” of caring for someone else’s family. This is further elaborated: “men today are refusing to be Bamboozled and tricked out of their spots especially when they do have things to lose if I have money and resources… I’m going to be very protective and highly selective.”
• The “Helpmeet” Ideal: The speaker contrasts the concept of “matching” with men in a way that is not competitive; instead it is one where women should compliment their lives and aspirations. She argues that men are not looking for “a strong independent providing female,” but rather a “help meet,” someone who will add value to their lives and assist them in building their “empire”. This “helpmeet” role is portrayed as nurturing, caring, and supportive. She says men want a “woman that is loving nurturing caring that will be a great assistant for my lifestyle.”
• Critique of Irresponsibility and “Pandering”: The speaker criticizes what she sees as irresponsible behavior of women who procreate without a plan or with unreliable partners and the “pandering” of single mothers by others who claim they are more mature. She is very clear in her criticisms: “a lot of these chicks out there with you know aot lot of attachments coming along with them they’re not even cute okay they’re not cute they’re not intelligent they’re not wise hence why they are in the situation that they are in and so it’s just all the way around a dead end the men are not touching it.” The speaker challenges the notion that being a single mother automatically makes a woman more mature or responsible.
• The Danger of a “Baby Mama” Mentality: The speaker expresses concern that the narrative of single motherhood as a path to maturity and growth is harmful, particularly to young girls. She states: “this type of poisoning can essentially have it into young girls Minds that hey if I want to grow up and be mature and be a good woman it’s imperative for me to become a baby mama first and that’s not right and exact.” She emphasizes that motherhood, especially before one is prepared, can be a significant hindrance to personal growth and the pursuit of goals. She sees the promotion of single motherhood as a standard as “highly irresponsible.”
• Family Planning and Responsibility: The speaker stresses the importance of responsible family planning, advocating for marriage before children. The emphasis is on being proactive and financially stable before starting a family. She advises to “get married first… make sure you have your money together your finances in order… and then you know go ahead and plan accordingly.” She also encourages to stop “winging” relationships and parenthood.
• Caution against Generalizing Experiences: The speaker cautions against using individual experiences of single mothers finding good partners as proof that it is a reliable path, warning against the false idea that this will be the standard. She notes, “just because you were a baby mama that procreated with a dead beat and you just so happen to look up and find you a husband that was ready and willing to take on that responsibility of raising your children and also cleaning and polishing you up that was something that was an anomaly it was lucky.” She argues that luck is not a viable strategy.
• Men’s Concerns About Stepparenting: A valid concern about men’s hesitation about becoming a step-parent is highlighted in that a man could invest a lot of resources only for the children to ultimately undermine his efforts with statements such as: “you ain’t my daddy so I don’t care.” She notes that “men don’t want to go through that.” She also notes that there are risks of the mother cutting the stepparent out of the children’s lives, and that men seek to avoid this as well: “oh these are my kids stay away from my kids you’re not their daddy”.

III. Supporting Quotes:

• “men today are refusing to be Bamboozled and tricked out of their spots”
• “a lot of women today come with a lot of baggage a lot of damage a lot of Heartache a lot of trauma and drama”
• “a woman that is going to help him to add on to his Empire, a woman that is not going to diminish deplete what he already has going on”
• “men today are operating at such a high level especially the men who again have resources money status… they’re wanting to make sure that their entire Empire is solidified and and safe secure”
• “I want a help meet I need a woman that is loving nurturing caring that will be a great assistant for my lifestyle”
• “this type of poisoning can essentially have it into young girls Minds that hey if I want to grow up and be mature and be a good woman it’s imperative for me to become a baby mama first and that’s not right and exact.”
• “let’s try not to be baby mamas right let’s try to save ourselves for marriage for our husbands”
• “get married first… make sure you have your money together your finances in order… and then you know go ahead and plan accordingly”
• “men don’t want to go through that” [being undermined or cut off from stepchildren]

IV. Conclusion:

This text presents a very pointed perspective on modern dating trends, specifically regarding the perception of single mothers and the expectations of some men. The speaker advocates for strategic family planning, highlighting the importance of responsible decision-making for both men and women. She argues against the idea that single motherhood is a path to maturation or a desirable state, and it frames men’s increased selectivity as a consequence of this. While it expresses some nuanced perspectives, the text’s overall message is critical of women perceived as having “baggage” and especially single mothers who may seek men as rescuers rather than partners. It emphasizes that men, especially those with resources, have become more discerning, and this perspective should be acknowledged in the dating landscape.

Modern Dating & Single Mothers

FAQ

• Why are men today becoming more selective about who they date, particularly concerning women with children?
• Men, particularly those who have achieved a certain level of success and stability, are becoming increasingly selective in their dating choices due to a desire to protect their hard-earned resources and build a secure future. They often seek women who will add value to their lives and empires, rather than detract from them. They are wary of entering relationships with women who come with significant “baggage,” such as unresolved trauma, financial instability, and children from previous relationships. They are not looking to be “rescues” or have to take on the responsibility of raising another man’s children.
• What kind of qualities are men now prioritizing in a potential partner?
• Rather than seeking a partner that matches them in terms of career or financial status, men are now prioritizing qualities such as being a loving, nurturing, caring and respectful woman that complements their lives and enhances their empire. They seek women who are responsible, contribute positively to their lifestyle, and will be good mothers to their children if they decide to have them in the future. They are looking for a partner that is wise, intelligent and balanced. They are looking for a woman that is an asset rather than a liability.
• What is the concern about single mothers, according to this perspective?

The perspective presented views single motherhood with skepticism, often highlighting the potential burdens and challenges that come with dating a woman who has children. Some concerns include the woman potentially trying to transfer her unresolved issues onto the man, the financial burden of supporting the children, the emotional complexities of dealing with a deadbeat father, and the risk of the children not respecting or accepting the new partner as a father figure. They are seen as potentially lacking in responsibility and wisdom. They are also seen as potentially looking for a man to be a “savior” and not a partner.

• How does this source address the notion that single mothers are more mature?
• The source challenges the idea that becoming a single mother automatically equates to greater maturity. While acknowledging that motherhood can bring about personal growth, it contends that many single mothers are not necessarily mature, and some are actually irresponsible, potentially leading to their circumstances. It emphasizes that wisdom and maturity can come from various life experiences, not just motherhood. They are pointing out that a lot of these single mothers are not actually raising their kids and leave that to grandparents or family members instead. Also, the source points out that some single mothers continue to make poor choices by having multiple children by different men indicating that they are not actually learning from their past.
• What is the criticism of the idea that men should solely date single mothers?
• The source criticizes the notion that men should only date single mothers as a potentially irresponsible trend. This perspective views such advice as a way for women who have made poor choices to encourage men into accepting their circumstances. It’s seen as an attempt to legitimize the idea that it’s acceptable to have children with deadbeat men. They see these women as looking to have a man rescue them from their bad decisions and not for being a real partner. They see it as unfair to the men as well, as these men are being looked at for their time, resources and energy to be dedicated to the family that they didn’t start.
• What is the source’s stance on men who encourage irresponsible behavior among women?
• The source strongly criticizes men who tell women that it’s ok to be reckless with their “womb” and have children with whomever because there will always be men to “polish” them and “clean them up”. They see those men as being a negative influence on women, leading them to believe that they don’t have to be responsible with family planning because there will be someone to rescue them. They are essentially seeing those men as being negative influences on both men and women.
• How does the source view family planning and building relationships?
• The source advocates for a proactive and responsible approach to family planning, emphasizing the importance of building a solid foundation and financial security before bringing children into the world. They also promote waiting until marriage before starting a family and building a relationship where both parties are equally committed. The text advises against “winging” parenthood and relationships. They strongly urge that people be thoughtful about whom they choose to have children with.
• What potential negative impacts of early or unplanned parenthood are highlighted?
• The source acknowledges that while parenthood can be a beautiful experience, early or unplanned parenthood can also have negative impacts. It can hinder personal growth, force individuals to put their goals and aspirations on the back burner, and create a situation where children are not raised in healthy, thriving environments. It also highlights how children can be put in unfair circumstances due to the parent’s immaturity.

Men’s Standards in Partner Selection

Men today are described as having standards and boundaries when it comes to women, and are being selective about who they allow into their lives. These standards are in place because men who have worked to achieve a certain level of success in their lives do not want to risk losing what they have built.

According to the sources, here are some of the things men are looking for and trying to avoid in a partner:

• Men want a woman who will add to his life and empire. They are looking for a woman who will be a great “assistant” and not diminish what he already has. Men are looking for a partner who will be a helpmeet, loving, nurturing and caring.
• Men do not want to take on a woman’s baggage. Many women are seen as having “baggage,” such as trauma, drama, and children with “deadbeat baby daddies”. Men don’t want to deal with these issues and prefer a woman without these problems.
• Men are seeking women who are responsible and will be good mothers to their children, and who will nurture and teach them.
• Men want a woman who will complement them and balance them out, not try to be them. They are looking for a partner who matches them in terms of value and what they bring to the table.
• Men are not seeking women who are liabilities. Men are cutting off women who are seen as liabilities. Men are not just looking for a “cute jump off” but a woman they can build a future with.
• Men are avoiding women who are irresponsible, unintelligent or unwise. Some men perceive women who have children with multiple men to be irresponsible. They also may view women who have children with “deadbeat” men as being unwise and unintelligent.
• Men do not want to be a “rescuer” for a woman and her children. Men are not interested in taking on the role of father to a woman’s children, especially when the children are not theirs. Some men feel it is unfair when single mothers seek men who do not have children.
• Men are not falling for the idea that single mothers are more mature and grown up because they have children. Some men think this is an irresponsible idea that attempts to “pander” to women.

In summary, the sources indicate that men today are being very selective and strategic about the women they choose to be with. They have standards and are looking for women who are assets to their lives, not liabilities, and who will complement them, not cause them problems.

Men’s Dating Preferences and “Baggage”

The sources discuss “baggage” that some women are seen as having, which is a major factor in men’s dating standards. This baggage is presented as a significant concern for men, who are seeking to avoid it in a partner.

Here’s a breakdown of what is considered “baggage” according to the sources:

• Trauma, drama, and heartache: Many women are described as coming with emotional issues they have not addressed. These issues are seen as something a man would have to “clean up and fix”.
• Children and “deadbeat baby daddies”: A significant aspect of the baggage is having children with men who are not actively involved in their lives. This is a major deterrent for men, who do not want to take on the responsibility of raising another man’s children.
• Being a liability: Women who come with baggage are seen as liabilities, rather than assets, who could diminish what a man has already built.
• Multiple children by different men: Women who have children with multiple men are viewed as irresponsible and not having learned from their mistakes, and are seen as having “too much baggage”.

According to the sources, men today are trying to avoid women with this “baggage” for several reasons:

• Men want a partner who is complimentary and adds to their lives: Men want a woman who will be a “great assistant” and not deplete what they already have going on. They are looking for a partner who will help them build their “empire,” and women with baggage are seen as a hindrance to that goal.
• Men do not want to be a rescuer: Many men do not want to take on the role of “rescuer” for a woman and her children. They don’t want to have to fix a woman’s problems and take on the responsibility of raising her children, especially when those children have a father who is not involved.
• Men do not want to deal with the dysfunction and chaos: Men do not want to deal with the possibility of children disrespecting them or the mother of the children cutting them off from the children.

In summary, the sources portray “baggage” as a significant obstacle for women in the dating world, particularly for those who have children with men who are not responsible. Men are being highly selective and strategic about who they choose to be with and are avoiding women who are seen as coming with excessive “baggage”.

Baby Mama Drama: Men’s Perspectives on Dating

The sources discuss “baby mama drama” as a significant issue that men are trying to avoid in relationships. The term “baby mama” is often used to describe a woman who has a child, especially outside of marriage, and is often associated with negative connotations in the context of the sources. Here’s a breakdown of the “baby mama drama” as it’s presented in the sources:

• Men are not seeking to be a “rescuer”: Men are not looking to take on the responsibility of raising another man’s child. They do not want to “clean up” or “polish up” a woman and her children, especially if she had a child with a “deadbeat”. Men are not looking to be a replacement father figure.
• Men are avoiding women who are seen as liabilities: Women who have children with “deadbeat baby daddies” are seen as coming with too much “baggage”. These women are seen as liabilities, not assets, and are likely to diminish what a man has already worked hard to build. Men want a partner who is going to add value to his life, not deplete it.
• Men are not falling for the idea that having a child makes a woman more mature: The sources note that some women try to argue that being a single mother makes them more mature and better partners, but many men are not buying into this idea. They are not looking for a woman who had a child with a “deadbeat” as a way to become a better woman.
• Men do not want to deal with the potential for conflict: Men want to avoid the potential for conflict and drama that can come with dating a single mother. They don’t want to deal with the possibility of children disrespecting them or the mother of the children cutting them off from the children. Men don’t want to invest time, energy, and resources into a child who may later say, “you ain’t my daddy”.

The “baby mama epidemic”: The sources also suggest that there is a “baby mama epidemic”, with many women having children with irresponsible men. These women are often seen as looking for a man of means to take care of them and their children, which men are now aware of and are trying to avoid. The sources also state that many women have multiple children by different men, which is seen as a sign of irresponsibility and adds to their “baggage”.

Men are being highly selective: Because of the “baby mama drama,” men are now being very selective and strategic about who they choose to be with. They are avoiding women who come with children and “deadbeat baby daddies”. Men are looking for a woman that is a helpmeet who will add to their lives, and who does not have a lot of extra baggage.

Alternative viewpoints: It is noted that there are some exceptions and instances where single parents may find happiness with each other. There are also instances where a single mother with one child is not considered a hindrance to a man if she is seen as responsible. However, the main point of the sources is that most men are trying to avoid the “baby mama drama” altogether.

In summary, the sources paint a picture of “baby mama drama” as a major deterrent for men in today’s dating landscape. Men are looking to avoid women who come with children and the potential for problems that they perceive such relationships entail.

Responsible Parenting: Planning, Partnership, and Personal Responsibility

The sources discuss responsible parenting, often in contrast to what they portray as irresponsible parenting, particularly in the context of single mothers and “baby mama drama”. Here’s an overview of how responsible parenting is presented in the sources:

• Planning and preparation: The sources emphasize that responsible parenting involves planning and preparation, specifically in terms of financial stability and readiness before having children. The sources suggest that individuals should ensure they have their “money together,” and that their finances and savings are in order before starting a family, because “babies are expensive”. This implies that responsible parents don’t “wing it” when it comes to parenthood.
• Being mindful about choosing a partner: Women are urged to be “mindful and strategic about who they choose to lay down with and procreate with”. This suggests that responsible parenting starts with making wise choices about relationships and not being “reckless” with family planning.
• Not having children before marriage: The sources express a preference for building a family within the context of marriage. They suggest that people should “save themselves for marriage for our husbands”. The sources suggest getting married first, then planning for a family.
• Taking responsibility for one’s children: Responsible parents take on the responsibility of raising their children. This includes being involved in their lives and not leaving them to be raised by others such as grandparents.
• Avoiding multiple children with different partners: The sources strongly criticize women who have multiple children with multiple men, characterizing this as irresponsible. Responsible parents are not “multi baby mamas”.
• Providing a healthy and thriving environment: Responsible parenting also involves ensuring that children are brought into healthy and thriving environments. The sources state that having children when not ready can hinder one’s growth and put hopes, dreams and aspirations on the back burner.
• Being a good role model: Responsible parents are good role models, they are not a “cute Airhead jump off”. Instead, they are “responsible for nurturing and teaching” their children. The sources suggest that responsible parents avoid bringing children into situations where the parent is not “wise, intelligent [or] disciplined”.
• Not relying on others to “rescue” you: Responsible parents do not expect others to take on the responsibility of raising their children or resolving their life problems. The sources criticize the idea of a woman having a child with a “deadbeat” and expecting a man to come along and “rescue” her and her child.

In summary, the sources portray responsible parenting as a deliberate, well-planned, and conscientious endeavor that includes careful planning, choosing a partner wisely, taking personal responsibility for raising one’s children, and providing a stable environment for them. The sources emphasize that responsible parents are not reckless or selfish and that they avoid having children when they are not ready, in order to avoid the problems and “drama” associated with irresponsible parenting.

Responsible Family Planning

The sources discuss family planning primarily in the context of what they consider responsible versus irresponsible choices, with a strong emphasis on avoiding the pitfalls of the “baby mama” dynamic. Here’s a breakdown of family planning as presented in the sources:

• Strategic and proactive approach: The sources advocate for a strategic and proactive approach to family planning. This involves making conscious decisions about when and with whom to have children, rather than being “reckless”. Men are described as being “very strategic and highly selective about family planning and family building”.
• Financial stability: A key component of responsible family planning is ensuring financial stability before having children. The sources stress that individuals should have their “money together” and that their finances and savings should be in order, because “babies are expensive”. This implies that family planning should not be approached without a solid financial foundation.
• Planning before parenthood: The sources emphasize the importance of planning before having children, rather than “winging” it. This suggests that individuals should make deliberate choices about parenthood and not just let it happen without preparation.
• Marriage as a foundation: The sources suggest that family planning should ideally take place within the context of marriage. They promote the idea of “saving ourselves for marriage for our husbands” and getting married before starting a family. This implies that marriage provides a more stable environment for raising children.
• Avoiding the “baby mama” scenario: A significant part of the discussion on family planning revolves around avoiding the “baby mama” scenario. The sources depict the “baby mama” dynamic as an irresponsible and chaotic situation that should be avoided through careful family planning.
• Consequences of poor planning: The sources warn against the negative consequences of poor family planning, such as hindering personal growth, delaying personal goals and aspirations, and creating unstable environments for children. They also suggest that irresponsible family planning can lead to children being raised by grandparents or other family members rather than their parents.
• Men’s perspective on family planning: The sources highlight that men are becoming more discerning and strategic about family planning. They are not interested in just a “cute jump off” but want someone that they can see a future with. They do not want to take on the role of a “rescuer” for a woman and her children. They are looking for a partner who is complimentary, not someone who comes with “baggage”.
• Avoiding multiple children with different partners: The sources criticize women who have multiple children with multiple men, and advocate for women to make responsible choices to not create such situations.
• Personal responsibility: The sources stress that women, in particular, should be mindful of their choices when it comes to family planning because they are the ones who will be primarily responsible for raising the child if they decide to keep it. They need to be “mindful and strategic about who we choose to lay down with and procreate with”.

In summary, the sources present family planning as a critical aspect of responsible adulthood, emphasizing the importance of thoughtful decision-making, financial readiness, and a commitment to providing a stable and healthy environment for children. They strongly discourage reckless or unplanned pregnancies and the “baby mama” dynamic, arguing that such situations are detrimental to both parents and children. The sources advocate for a proactive approach to family planning, with marriage as the ideal foundation for raising a family and with men playing an active and conscious role in the process.

By Amjad Izhar
Contact: amjad.izhar@gmail.com
https://amjadizhar.blog

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